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 VOLUME Vol.05 Issue04 2025 

PAGE NO. 11-18 

DOI 10.37547/ajbspi/Volume05Issue04-03 

 
 
 
 

Advantages of Involving Professors-Teachers and Staff 

in Sports Activities of The Institute for Re-Training and 

Professional Improvement of Physical Education and 

Sports Specialists 
 

Neymatjon Mamadzhanov 

Fergana State University, “Physical Culture Theory and Methodology” department, professor, ph.f.n., Uzbekistan 

 

Akbarov Akhmatjon 

Uzbekistan State University of Physical Education and Sports, Uzbekistan 

 

Tolametov Abdujalil Abdujaparovich 

Professor of the Department of "Sports Psychology, Social-Humanitarian and Natural Sciences" of the Institute for Retraining and 

Advanced Training of Specialists in Physical Education and Sports, Uzbekistan 

 

Soliev Shoir Umarovich 

Laboratory assistant of the scientific department of the Institute for Retraining and Advanced Training of Specialists in Physical 

Education and Sports, Uzbekistan 

 

 

Received: 09 February 2025; Accepted: 12 March 2025; Published: 08 April 2025 

 

Abstract: The article discusses the importance of involving professors, teachers and employees of the Institute for 
Retraining and Advanced Training of Specialists in Physical Education and Sports in sports. This process, in turn, is 
aimed at strengthening their health and ensuring their physical development. Based on the analysis of 
anthropological indicators, the positive effect of physical activity was identified in the studies. The results of this 
analysis were reflected in research works that help to further explain the importance of physical education and 
sports. 

 

Keywords: Physical education, sports, physical fitness, anthropological indicators. 

 

Introduction: Several important measures are being 
implemented in our republic to ensure a healthy 
lifestyle for the population. These measures are aimed, 
in particular, at encouraging physical activity, 
promoting healthy eating, and strengthening psycho-
emotional health. There are all opportunities for the 
population of our country, regardless of age, gender, 
profession, and level of training, to actively engage in 
physical education and sports [3]. 

The purpose of physical education is to ensure the 
physical health of people, increase physical activity, 
and arouse interest in sports. In this process, the 

formation of a healthy lifestyle through physical 
education and anthropometric indicators of body 
composition are of great importance. Also, in this 
process, improving the psychological and emotional 
state, further increasing their social activity in the 
family and society, and at the same time, height, body 
weight, arm and leg length, and chest width are very 
important factors in body composition. 

The purpose of the study is to determine the 
effectiveness of physical education and sports in 
increasing the level of physical development and 
physical fitness indicators of professors and employees 

 

https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume05Issue04-03
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume05Issue04-03
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume05Issue04-03
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume05Issue04-03


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of the Institute for Retraining and Advanced Training of 
Specialists in Physical Education and Sports and to 
study their impact on their physical condition. 

Research objectives: 

- To generalize and analyze the materials of the existing 
scientific and methodological literature on the physical 
fitness and physical fitness indicators of professors and 
employees. 

- To study the state of physical fitness of professors and 
employees. 

- To determine the effectiveness of the complex of 
special exercises developed to have a positive effect on 
the level of physical fitness of professors and 
employees through pedagogical experiments. 

Research methods. During our scientific research, we 
used the following research methods: 

– Generalization and analysis of materials from 
scientific and methodological literature; 

– Pedagogical observation; 

– Pedagogical experiment; 

– Mathematical and statistical analysis. 

The level of study of the problem. Based on the 
generalization and analysis of the available scientific 
and methodological literature and periodical materials 
on the topic, the results of scientific research by 
specialists on the level of health of people engaged in 
physical education and sports from 40 to 60 years of 
age and some aspects and structure of factors that 
have a positive impact on it [5, 8, 11] show that, firstly, 
the vast majority of programs used in practice, due to 
their structural structure or the use of various devices 
and equipment, are too dynamic and the volume of the 
performed load is excessive, which leads to fatigue or 
boredom of the participants during the training in a 
shorter time than in other cases. At the same time, it is 
noted that these two factors together can significantly 
reduce the likelihood of optimizing the performed 
loads and maximizing the capabilities of the 
participants. Therefore, there is a great need for 
studies that would allow quantitatively assessing the 
positive effect of the volume of physical loads in new, 
that is, planned programs, on the body of the 
participants, taking into account their functional state 
in a comprehensive and complete way. The results of 
such scientific studies will allow the formation of 
methodological approaches and practical 
recommendations for planning the volume of loads 
when organizing training using special exercises of 
varying complexity [5, 12]. 

Between the ages of 40 and 60, the human body 
undergoes a relatively rapid aging process, which is 

influenced by the external environment [2]. Such 
changes in the human body are a physiological process, 
and according to most researchers, they are not 
considered a disease in the broad sense, but they lead 
to a significant limitation of the body's functional 
capacity and a slight decrease in its resistance to 
external harmful factors. At the same time, the aging of 
the human body is a biologically degradative process, 
during which the body's adaptive capacity is 
increasingly limited, various pathological changes 
develop, and premature death of people may occur [9, 
10]. 

The terms physiological and premature aging are 
widely used in scientific and methodological literature. 
Physiological aging is understood as the gradual 
development and natural onset of changes in aging, as 
well as the limitation of the body's ability to adapt to 
environmental conditions [8]. 

Various complex pathological processes that lead to 
rapid aging of people, the reasons for the early 
appearance of signs characteristic of aging at a young 
age are well known to specialists. Some diseases cause 
people to look older than their age. These include 
atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, diabetes, 
hypothyroidism, obesity. 

According to experts in the field I.Kh. Vakhitov, I.D. 
Sitdikova, L.E. Alyasheva [4], aging occurs early and late 
only due to biological reasons or always occurs on time, 
only death is untimely. 

L.I. According to Slonimskaya [11], physiological aging 
of the body is understood as a very complex process 
that begins in natural conditions and develops slowly, 
limits the body's ability to adapt to the external 
environment and is accompanied by an increase in the 
likelihood of death. 

R.E. Motylyanskaya [10] emphasizes that a healthy 
lifestyle is of particular importance as a factor in 
strengthening people's health, and as a result, human 
health is interpreted as a socio-psychological category. 

In addition to factors such as regular medical 
examinations and awareness of their importance, 
proper nutrition, full and regular observance of 
personal hygiene rules, physical activity and physical 
training, giving up harmful habits, and strict adherence 
to a reasonable daily routine, people also pay attention 
to their healthy relationship with the environment and 
their level of health (values) during their activities, and 
it is emphasized that their importance is no less than 
the above-mentioned constituent components. 

Pedagogical experiment. The pedagogical experiment 
was conducted from January 2024 to January 2025. It 
was conducted by the scientific laboratory of the 



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American Journal of Applied Science and Technology (ISSN: 2771-2745) 
 

 

Institute for Retraining and Advanced Training of 
Specialists in Physical Education and Sports, with the 
participation of professors, teachers and employees of 
the institute: 12 people in the control group and 12 
people in the experimental group. 

While the control group's exercises were conducted 
traditionally, based on the program, great attention 
was paid to the use of a set of exercises developed by 
us in the experimental group's exercises. 

Group form of training. In the process of forming 
groups for training, in accordance with hygienic 
requirements, the composition of each physical 
education exercise consisted of three parts: 
preparatory, main and final parts. In the preparatory 
part of the training (duration 10-15 minutes), a set of 
gymnastic exercises was performed to prepare the 
muscles and joints for the main part of the loads and 
exercises that stimulate the activity of the aerobic 
system. In the main part of the training (duration 35 
minutes), microcycles that stimulate general fitness, 
aerobic dances and exercises to develop strength were 
performed (with additional weight of external objects, 
with your own weight, venous body, isometric) and 
flexibility exercises combined with stretching exercises 
to develop muscle groups to develop various strength 
and endurance were also used. The technique of 
physical exercises is suitable for participants in this 
group and is the best means of preventing joint 
diseases. In the final part of the training (duration 10-
15 minutes), relaxation and recovery exercises, 
stretching elements (for stretching various muscle 
groups), and breathing exercises were performed. The 
opinions of the participants were also taken into 
account when selecting the exercises to be performed 
when drawing up the training program. Strength 
gymnastics exercises have their own characteristics and 
a variety of tools, while they help improve the 
functional state of the spine and respiratory system, 
physical fitness and mental state. 

To develop the body's flexibility, a static stretching 
method (stretching) was used. In this case, the final 
position of the exercise should be held for 15-30 
seconds. 

In the course of our scientific research, the participants' 
body circumferences (Chest circumference - CA, Waist 
circumference - BelA, Pelvis circumference - TA, Thigh 
circumference - SA, Hip circumference - BA) were 1 

mm. was carried out using a measuring tape with an 
accuracy of up to 

Organization of pedagogical research. 

The research was conducted in several stages: 

Stage 1 (September 2023-January 2023) - study of 
literature sources on the problem through theoretical 
analysis and generalization. Conducting a 
questionnaire survey. Control and experimental groups 
were formed and the initial (at the beginning of the 
experiment) results were recorded on the selected 
tests. 

Stage 2 (January 2024) - control tests and pedagogical 
observations were conducted. 

Stage 3 - (January 2024 - February 2025) included the 
organization (retests) and conduct of the final part of 
the pedagogical experiment. The participants of the 
experiment (professors, teachers and employees of the 
institute aged 40-60) were conditionally divided into 
control (CG) and experimental groups (TG) of 12 people 
each. (February 2025-March 2025) - generalization, 
analysis and mathematical-statistical processing of the 
obtained experimental results, discussion, 
interpretation, drawing conclusions and formalization 
were carried out. 

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 

Based on the results obtained at the beginning of the 
pedagogical experiment, anthropometric indicators of 
the subjects, their main statistical characteristics, and 
statistical reliability estimates based on the calculation 
of the critical values of the Student distribution of the 
relative differences and absolute differences of the 
arithmetic mean values of the results, it was possible to 
draw a conclusion that the experiment was 
methodologically correct [1]. 

The following tables (Table 1) show the statistical 
characteristics of the initial (test) and final (retest) 
indicators during the experiment, allowing to assess 
the effect of the 40-60-year-old participants belonging 
to the control and experimental groups on the 
individual indicators of their physical development, the 
relative differences of the arithmetic mean values of 
the results, and the statistical reliability estimates 
based on the calculation of the theoretical critical 
values of the Student distribution of the absolute 
differences. 

Table 1. 

Comparison of the dynamics of changes in anthropometric indicators of professors, 

teachers and employees of the Institute for Retraining and Advanced Training of 

Specialists in Physical Education and Sports in the control (CG, n=12) and 



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experimental (TG, n=12) groups during the experiment 

Tes

t 

Grou

p Be experienced Final experience 

     

Everything t Р 

X  σ В % X  σ В % АO НO 

1. 

НГ 
95,21 7,74 8,13 

94,0

3 
7,36 7,83 

1,18 1,24 

0,4

1 >0,6 

ТГ 
95,79 7,40 7,73 

93,3

4 
6,63 7,10 

2,45 2,55 

0,9

2 >0,3 

2. 

НГ 
32,57 2,85 8,74 

32,7

9 
2,68 8,17 

0,22 0,67 

0,2

1 >0,7 

ТГ 
31,86 2,91 9,12 

31,1

4 
2,62 8,41 

0,72 2,25 

0,6

9 >0,4 

3. 

НГ 
24,36 1,78 7,31 

24,4

9 
1,67 6,82 

0,13 0,55 

0,2

0 >0,7 

ТГ 
23,93 2,06 8,59 

23,7

7 
1,84 7,74 

0,16 0,66 

0,2

2 >0,8 

4. 

НГ 
24,93 1,64 6,58 

24,8

6 
1,59 6,40 

0,07 0,28 

0,1

1 >0,9 

ТГ 
24,21 1,93 7,97 

23,9

3 
1,71 7,15 

0,28 1,17 

0,4

1 >0,6 

5. 

НГ 
72,36 3,54 4,90 

73,1

6 
3,34 4,57 

0,80 1,11 

0,6

2 >0,5 

ТГ 
72,86 3,82 5,24 

70,2

6 
3,43 4,88 

2,60 3,56 

1,8

9 

>0,0

5 

6. 

НГ 
35,93 3,47 9,67 

35,9

8 
3,27 9,09 

0,05 0,14 

0,0

4 >0,9 

ТГ 
36,57 3,20 8,76 

35,9

2 
2,92 8,13 

0,65 1,78 

0,5

6 >0,5 

7. 

НГ 
35,64 3,08 8,64 

35,7

9 
2,89 8,07 

0,15 0,41 

0,1

3 >0,8 

ТГ 
36,14 2,82 7,81 

35,4

7 
2,52 7,10 

0,67 1,86 

0,6

7 >0,5 

Note: for convenience and conditionally, 
anthropometric parameters are defined in table 1 and 
diagram 1 as follows: 1- length of chest circumference 
at rest, cm.; 2- length of neck circumference, cm.; 3- the 
length of the left wrist circumference, cm.; 4- the 
length of the right wrist circumference, cm.; 5- Waist 
length, cm.; 6- the length of the circumference of the 
left calf, cm.; 7-right calf circumference length, cm. 

The analysis of the data presented in the table made it 
possible to determine that the anthropometric 

parameters of the faculty and staff of the Institute of 
Retraining and Advanced Training of Physical Education 
and Sports Specialists of the control group did not  

change statistically reliably during the pedagogical 
experience (diagram in Fig. 1). In particular, the largest 
relative increase in this group during the experiment 
was observed in indicator 1, which amounted to 1.24%, 
and the smallest was in indicator 6, which amounted to 
0.14%. The average relative difference of the studied 
indicators for this group was 0.63%.  



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Figure 1. Diagram comparing the average arithmetic values of anthropometric indicators of 

40-60-year-old female medical workers belonging to the control and experimental groups and their 

relative growth during the experiment (in percent) 

It was possible to determine that the anthropometric 
indicators of the participants of the experimental group 
were better than those of the control group during the 
pedagogical experiment, but did not change 
statistically significantly. In particular, the largest 
relative increase in this group during the experiment 
was observed in indicator 5 and amounted to 3.56%, 
and the smallest was in indicator 3, which amounted to 
0.66%. It was found that the average relative difference 
in the studied indicators for this group was 1.98% 
(1.35% more than in the control group, compared to 

0.63%). Table 2 and the diagram in Fig. 2 present the 
statistical characteristics of the recorded indicators of 
the physical training of teachers and employees of the 
Institute of Retraining and Qualification of Physical 
Education and Sports Specialists, as well as data on the 
statistical reliability estimates based on the calculation 
of the critical values of the Student distribution of the 
absolute growth and the relative growth of the average 
arithmetic values of the results during the experiment. 

 

Table 2. 

Comparison of statistical characteristics of physical fitness indicators of professors 

and teachers of the Institute for Retraining and Advanced Training of Specialists in 

Physical Education and Sports in the control (CG, n=12) and experimental (TG, 

n=12) groups and changes during the experiment 

 

Test 

Group Be experienced Final experience Everything 
t Р 

X  σ В % X  σ В % АO НO 

1. 
ТГ 13,74 1,51 10,99 11,91 1,20 10,11 1,83 13,32 3,55 <0,01 

НГ 13,27 1,41 10,63 12,39 1,25 10,09 0,88 6,63 1,75 >0,05 



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2. 
ТГ 9,08 1,18 12,95 7,63 0,93 12,14 1,45 15,97 3,62 <0,01 

НГ 8,75 1,11 12,69 8,06 0,98 12,16 0,69 7,89 1,74 >0,05 

3. 
ТГ 6,02 0,78 12,96 7,28 0,88 12,09 1,26 20,93 4,01 <0,001 

НГ 6,26 0,72 11,55 6,85 0,76 11,09 0,59 9,42 2,10 <0,05 

4. 
ТГ 2,98 0,39 12,99 3,53 0,43 12,12 0,55 18,46 3,57 <0,01 

НГ 3,14 0,39 12,52 3,41 0,41 12,14 0,27 8,60 1,77 >0,05 

5. 
ТГ 6,94 0,83 11,96 8,09 0,90 11,12 1,15 16,57 3,51 <0,01 

НГ 7,26 0,84 11,53 7,83 0,87 11,11 0,57 7,85 1,77 >0,05 

6. 
ТГ 122,97 13,49 10,97 145,98 14,79 10,13 23,01 18,71 4,30 <0,001 

НГ 127,87 14,03 10,97 138,97 14,05 10,11 11,10 8,68 2,09 <0,05 

7. 
ТГ 18,17 2,17 11,94 21,24 2,36 11,11 3,07 16,90 3,58 <0,01 

НГ 18,82 2,17 11,53 20,27 2,25 11,10 1,45 7,70 1,74 >0,05 

8. 
ТГ 2,94 0,38 12,93 3,43 0,42 12,13 0,49 16,67 3,25 <0,01 

НГ 3,06 0,38 12,55 3,32 0,40 12,14 0,26 8,50 1,75 >0,05 

Note: For convenience and conditionally, in Table 3 and 
the diagram in Figure 2, the physical fitness indicators 
are indicated in the following order: 1- 60 m. running 
time, s.; 2- 3x10 m. running time, s.; 3- bending the 
arms while lying on the hands (times); 4- bending  

forward without bending the knees while standing, 
cm.; 5- hanging on the gymnastic wall and raising the 
legs until a right angle is formed, (times); 6- long jump 
from a standing position (cm.); 7- high jump from a 
standing position (cm.) and 8- bending forward while 
sitting with the legs together (cm.). 

Generalizing and analyzing the data presented in this 

table, it can be seen that during the pedagogical 
experiment, the smallest relative increase in physical 
fitness indicators in the experimental group was 
observed in indicator 1, which was 13.32%, while the 
largest relative increase was observed in indicator 3, 
which was 20.93%. The average relative increase in the 
parameters studied during the experiment was 17.19% 
(9.03% or 2.11 times higher than the corresponding 
indicator of 8.16% in the NG) (see the diagram in Figure 
2). 

 

 

Figure 2. Diagram comparing the arithmetic mean values of physical fitness indicators of 

participants in the experimental and control groups and their relative growth during the 

experiment (in percent) 



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At the same time, it was found that the absolute 
increases in the mean arithmetic values of the 
anthropometric indicators of the TG participants during 
the experiment were statistically insignificant in 7 of 
them (between t=1.74 and t=1.77 and P> 0.05) and 
statistically significant in one of them (between t=2.10 
and P< 0.05), while 2 of them were statistically 
significant at a high level of significance (between 
t=4.01 and t=4.30 and P< 0.001) and the remaining six 
were statistically significant at a good level of  

significance (between t=3.25 and t=3.62 and P< 0.01). 

During the pedagogical experiment, analyzing and 
comparing this table, diagram and the above data, it 
was observed that the average arithmetic values of the 
recorded physical fitness indicators of the professors, 
teachers and employees of the Institute for Retraining 
and Advanced Training of Specialists in Physical 
Education and Sports of NG and TG differed by at least 
1.96 times and at most 2.22 times during the 
experiment, and the advantage in this was on the side 
of TG. It was found that the average relative increase in 
the average arithmetic values of the indicators of NG 
and TG differed by 2.11 times. 

CONCLUSIONS 

Generalization and analysis of the available scientific 
and methodological, special literature and periodical 
materials, as well as analysis of the results obtained in 
the process of pedagogical experiment made it possible 
to draw the following conclusions: 

- currently, the preservation and strengthening of 
health, the prevention of various diseases, the 
improvement of physical education and health-
improving work with the population are of particular 
social importance; 

- the basis for further health-improving work of 
professors, teachers and employees should be 
increased physical activity, self-awareness in all 
spheres of life, leading to a healthy lifestyle; 

- the indicators of physical fitness of the participants of 
the TG during the pedagogical experiment showed that 
the smallest relative increase in the experimental group 
during the pedagogical experiment was 13.32%, while 
the largest relative increase was 20.93%. The average 
relative increase in the parameters studied during the 
experiment was 17.19% (9.03% or 2.11 times more 
than the corresponding indicator of 8.16% in the NG). 

- It was found that the absolute increases in the average 
arithmetic values of the anthropometric indicators of 
professors and employees during the experiment were 
statistically insignificant (P > 0.05) in NG and 
statistically significant (P < 0.05) in TG, while 2 in TG 
were statistically significant (P < 0.001) and the  

remaining six were statistically significant (P < 0.01). 

- During the pedagogical experiment, it was observed 
that the relative increases in the average arithmetic 
values of the physical fitness indicators recorded by 
professors and employees of the NG and TG institutes 
differed by at least 1.96 times and at most 2.22 times, 
with the advantage in this being on the side of TG. The 
fact that the average relative growth of NG and TG 
indicators differs by 2.11 times from the average 
arithmetic values is proof of the effectiveness of the 
tools and methods used in TG. 

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