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 VOLUME Vol.05 Issue04 2025 

PAGE NO. 7-10 

DOI 10.37547/ajbspi/Volume05Issue04-02 

 
 
 
 

Influence of Psychological Components on Tactical 

Preparation of Athletes 
 

Rasulov Zokir Pardaevich 

Professor of the Institute of Retraining and Advanced Training of Physical Education and Sports Specialists, Uzbekistan 

 

Received: 09 February 2025; Accepted: 12 March 2025; Published: 08 April 2025 

 

Abstract: This article covers the psychological basis of tactical training of athletes, the conclusion of an 
approximate tactical plan. 

 

Keywords: Temperament, character, contemplation, tactical plan, will, emosiya, perception, psychic processes, 
observability, initiative. 

 

Introduction: Analysis of pedagogical and psychological 
literature on sports shows that the issues of 
professional initiative and preparation in their content 
indicate the existence of a number of approaches to 
understanding the essence of the professional concept, 
its components, forms and methods of formation. The 
difficulty of determining the essence of professional 
maturity is determined by the fact that in psychology 
there are specific aspects of a multifaceted 
phenomenon. 

Research results and discussion. According to the 
analysis of psychological literature, the professional 
qualities of a sports coach include the following: 
idealism, morality, communication, willpower, 
intelligence, perception, attentiveness, strong memory 
and motor memory, etc. A sports coach is responsible 
for the future of each student. 

T.B. Kazakova, M.K. Pavlova noted that such concepts 
as personal qualities of a trainer, psychological 
characteristics, individual-psychological characteristics, 
professional characteristics, tolerance, dedication, self-
improvement, professional culture, culture of 
communication determine the image or professional 
profile of an ideal trainer. Therefore, it is extremely 
important to study these phenomena in connection 
with coaching activities [1; 27-29 - p.] 

In addition, the researcher L.S. Vecher distinguishes the 
following general psychological characteristics 
characteristic of a team coach [2; p. 295]: 

– analytical and constructive thinking; 

– emotional and volitional stability; 

– stress resistance and rapid adaptation to extreme 
conditions and sports service conditions; 

– empathy and tolerance; 

– psychophysiological characteristics. 

– developed predictive ability; 

– social intelligence, social perception; 

– personal aspiration, decision-making, motivation for 
achievement, developed self-management. 

All of the above psychological qualities are 
psychological factors that ensure the effectiveness of 
future coaches' activities, without which no success in 
sports activities can be achieved. 

Sport is of great importance at a certain age. It is clear 
from the science of anatomy, physiology and 
psychology that adolescence and youth are the most 
suitable for the manifestation of physical abilities. At 
the same time, during this period there is a wide 
opportunity to cultivate the psychological 
characteristics of a person, since psychological 
characteristics and qualities are associated with 
physical development. 

The following psychological characteristics of the 
coach's activity exist: 

– professional stress, especially strong tension during 
the competition; 

– professional risk and instability of the social role; 

– regular communication, i.e. with athletes, parents, 
colleagues; 

– irregular activity, separation from the family; 

 

https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume05Issue04-02
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume05Issue04-02
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume05Issue04-02
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume05Issue04-02


American Journal of Applied Science and Technology 8 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajast 

American Journal of Applied Science and Technology (ISSN: 2771-2745) 
 

 

– presentation activities, etc. 

Based on the above classifications, it is considered 
appropriate to analyze a number of psychological 
characteristics of the trainer's activity in conjunction 
with the training process. 

Sport also has great power in cultivating a person's 
temperament and character. Scientific studies have 
shown that when examining coaches and athletes with 
many years of experience, those with a relaxed nervous 
system are rarely found among them. However, people 
with a relaxed nervous system are often found among 
people who do not play sports. 

The essence of involving young people in one or 
another type of sport at this age is that if a teenager or 
young person spends the period of playing sports well, 
high physical abilities, willpower and character are 
cultivated in him, as well as a worldview is formed. On 
the contrary, if a child is deprived of physical activity 
during this important period of growth or does not play 
sports, he will not be able to become a fully developed 
person in the course of life. Thus, playing sports at a 
certain period of the growth process develops in a 
teenager physical agility, dexterity, courage, physical 
beauty and other important qualities that are most 
important for future life. When an athlete plays one or 
another type of sport, he always sets himself the goal 
of achieving high results. 

This requires the athlete to: have general physical 
development as a result of long-term training, a high 
level of development of the physiological functions of 
the body. Sports activities constantly require a positive 
attitude to each movement. This is especially evident in 
rhythmic gymnastics, boxing, fencing, football, 
wrestling and other sports. This requires a high level of 
mental development in the athlete. Because in sports, 
issues related to technique and tactics that require 
immediate resolution are often encountered. This need 
increases the ability to think in sports. In addition, 
emotions, perception and other mental processes also 
develop in sports. Sports tactics are a set of techniques 
used to achieve the highest sporting results and 
victories in sports competitions. To achieve victory in a 
competition, it is not enough to simply train physically 
in a certain sport and even fully master the technique 
of this sport. At the same time, it also requires the 
ability to correctly use one's physical strength and 
technical skills. Tactics reflect the course of action of a 
team or individual athlete. 

A tactical plan is drawn up in each sport. However, 
sports tactics vary depending on the sport and its 
specifics. The general problem of tactical preparation is 
connected with the psychological problem, and one of 
the following is the problem of drawing up an 

approximate (conditional) tactical plan. The problem is 
to implement this approximate tactical plan during the 
competition. 

To be a good tactician, an athlete must have good 
observation skills. In addition, it is important to have 
initiative and willpower in achieving goals. General and 
specific conditions must be created for drawing up an 
approximate tactical plan and implementing it during 
the competition. 

General conditions are the following: 

- the team or athlete must master the technical 
techniques of wrestling in the competition; 

- general and special physical preparation; 

- high psychological preparation of the athlete. 

Concrete (specific) conditions include: acquisition of 
special knowledge, skills and abilities. 

The most important knowledge is: theoretical 
knowledge of the basics of tactics that an athlete has in 
the process of historical development of each type of 
sport. An athlete must know the conditions at the place 
where the competition will be held. Athletes often do 
not get acquainted with these conditions when they go 
to a competition in another city. This is certainly wrong. 

These conditions include: the environment of the 
competition venue, the profile, character of the 
competition, natural and artificial obstacles. The 
quality of the roads, the lighting of the halls, the quality 
of sports equipment, the list of referees, etc. 

The skills of using a conventional plan during the 
competition are also different, and they are as follows:  

1) the ability to think independently during the 
competition and training;  

2) analysis of the competitions in which they 
participated;  

3) the ability to analytically generalize the competitions 
in which they participated;  

4) the ability to select technical techniques 
appropriately during the competition and use them;  

5) ability to make creative changes to concepts. 

The ability to observe one's own condition and 
behavior when observing the progress of the 
competition. The ability to notice and anticipate the 
tactical plan of the opponent or partners is the most 
important. An athlete must be able to behave in a state 
of high emotional arousal, as well as in a state of mental 
depression. To be a good tactician, an athlete must 
have the following qualities: observation, initiative, 
foresight, and good understanding. The athlete's goal 
in participating in the competition is to set a record and 
improve his personal sports results. This plan can 



American Journal of Applied Science and Technology 9 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajast 

American Journal of Applied Science and Technology (ISSN: 2771-2745) 
 

 

correspond to a conditional (approximate) tactical plan 
drawn up by the athlete before the competition to 
achieve the goal. This plan includes understanding the 
means and methods, ways to achieve the goal, as well 
as anticipating and imagining possible obstacles, 
difficulties, and unexpected events. Often, drawing up 
such a plan is not indicative, but rather mental. This is 
why creating a tentative tactical plan is a creative 
process. Thinking and creative imagination play an 
important role in this process. When a tactical plan is 
made successfully, the athlete gains confidence and 
satisfaction. On the contrary, it causes doubt, worry, 
resentment, and sometimes loss of self. Solving a 
tactical plan depends largely on the mindset of the 
athlete. Because it is known from scientific tests and 
the experience of every athlete that an athlete thinks 
and acts, and thinks by acting. The thought process in 
sports is characterized by short-term changes. It can be 
said that the source of clear and purposeful execution 
of the plan is the result of clear thinking. However, the 
situation of the competition is the main material for 
thinking about the action of the opponent. This 
material will not be preconceived, a thought-out plan 
will be created based on imagination. The athlete's 
tactical plan developed before the competition is 
resolved as a result of the active participation of 
thinking, imagination and attention during the 
competition, as well as the quick analysis and synthesis 
of the situation. 

The pre-start state is a high emotional state that occurs 
in connection with the athlete's participation in the 
upcoming competition. The emotional state that occurs 
before the start creates the opportunity to adapt to the 
upcoming competition and has a strong impact on the 
level of results achieved. 

The pre-start state is divided into 4 (states) based on 
the scientific experimental work of professors P.A. 
Rudik and A.Ts. Puni.  

1. Pre-start fever (starting excitement). 

2. Pre-start agathisia (starting laziness). 

3. Fighting state. 

4. Calm state. 

The pre-start state is expressed by the following: 

1) Instability of the emotional state; 

2) Rapid replacement of one emotional state with 
another; 

3) Emotional state reaching tears and then returning to 
the opposite. 

4) Disorganization of attention, the emergence of a 
state of confusion; 

5) Inability to concentrate; 

6) Decreased memory, loss of memory of important 
moments related to the competition. 

When observed from the outside, this condition is 
expressed by trembling of the hands and feet, paleness 
of the face, coldness of the feet and tips of the hands, 
the appearance of sweat on the face, palms of the 
hands and toes. 

Start apathy (depression, despondency, languor, lack of 
interest in anything). This condition is the opposite of 
start fever. 

Start apathy is expressed by the following signs: 

1) The appearance of a state of drowsiness; 

2) Reluctance to participate in the competition; 

3) The manifestation of a negative mood (asthenic) 

4) Decreased perception and attention, etc. 

The physiological basis of startle ataxia is expressed in 
the increased inhibition and decreased excitation 
processes in the cerebral cortex. 

CONCLUSION 

If the start fever and agathisia are obstacles to 
achieving high results in the competition, then the 
fighting state, on the contrary, opens the way for the 
athlete, creates great opportunities. This state is 
expressed by the following signs: expansion of the 
circle of concentration of attention (expressed) 
improvement of thinking and perception. The 
emergence of a positive (asthenic) mood, etc. The 
physiological basis of the fighting state is the 
occurrence of optimal nervous excitation in the brain. 
In other words, the creation of a balance between the 
processes of excitation and inhibition. Such a state, that 
is, the fighting state, leads to a positive result in the 
competition! 

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