Volume 04 Issue 03-2024 44 American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation (ISSN – 2771-2753) VOLUME 04 ISSUE 03 PAGES: 44-51 SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) (2024: 7.7) OCLC – 1121105677 Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services Servi ABSTRACT Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus and complications is an urgent problem in modern medicine. In patients with a body mass index (BMI) above 25 kg/m2, indicators of markers of carbohydrate metabolism (serum glucose - fasting and postprandial glycemia, glycosylated hemoglobin and urine glucose) and lipid metabolism - total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), lipidogram (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol - LDL cholesterol, atherogenic index - AI is significantly higher, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol - HDL cholesterol is significantly lower than in patients with normal body mass index (BMI) and abdominal index (AI). A significant positive relationship between age, abdominal index, BMI, AI, glucose level in blood serum. Assessment of markers of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism should be included in the list of mandatory examinations of patients over the age of 30 years, and be strictly individual. There is a relationship between the progression of carbohydrate metabolism disorders and changes in lipid parameters metabolism in the examined women.The population should be widely informed about the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the progression of complications. KEYWORDS Research Article PREVENTION OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS Submission Date: March 20, 2024, Accepted Date: March 25, 2024, Published Date: March 30, 2024 Crossref doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume04Issue03-06 Abdurazakova Dilbar Sodikovna Phd, Associate Professor Andijan State Medical Institute The Republic Of Uzbekistan Andijan City Department Of Hospital Therapy And Endocrinology, Uzbekistan Yusupova Shahnoza Kadirjanovna Doctor Of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Uzbekistan Saidjonova Feruza Latifjonovna Assistant Department Of Pathological Anatomy, Uzbekistan Jabbarov Ibrohimjon Adhamjon O’gli Master Degree 3rd Year Specialty: Endocrinology, Uzbekistan Journal Website: https://theusajournals. com/index.php/ajbspi Copyright: Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the creative commons attributes 4.0 licence. https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume03Issue03-01 https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q= https://www.mendeley.com/search/?page=1&query= https://theusajournals.com/ https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume04Issue03-06 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajbspi https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajbspi Volume 04 Issue 03-2024 45 American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation (ISSN – 2771-2753) VOLUME 04 ISSUE 03 PAGES: 44-51 SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) (2024: 7.7) OCLC – 1121105677 Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services Servi Diabetes mellitus type 2, atherogenicity index. lipid metabolism, abdominal index, glucose, glycated hemoglobin, insulin, body mass index, carbohydrate metabolism. INTRODUCTION The term “diabetes mellitus”, as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), means a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies, which is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins as a result of disturbances in insulin secretion and / insulin action. Diabetes is the only non-communicable disease (meaning especially dangerous infections - plague, smallpox, etc.) taken under control by the United Nations (UN). Diabetes mellitus (DM) - type 2, the most common endocrine disease, represents a serious medical and social problem due to the widespread progressive increase in incidence, chronic course and high frequency of disabling complications [1; 4]. According to forecasts, by 2040 their total the number will reach 642 million1 [4]. Every 6 sec. One person in the world dies from diabetes and its complications2. 1 IDF Diabetes Atlas. 7th ed. 2015 [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.diabetesatlas.org (access date: 12/09/2018) 2 Ibid. 3 Petri C., Stefani L., Bini V., Mascherini G., Francini L., De Angelis M., Galanti G. Life style and nutrition habits in type 2 diabetes [Electronic resource]. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/278024473 (access date: 12/09/2018) Disorders of lipid metabolism, changes in body weight and abdominal index have a huge impact on carbohydrate metabolism. Currently, among the leading causes of carbohydrate metabolism disorders are an unhealthy lifestyle, in particular unhealthy diet, low physical activity, emotional stress, etc.3 [27; 33; 36]. This prompted the development of behavioral therapy rules for people with carbohydrate metabolism disorders, which include 7 basic principles: 1) healthy eating; 2) physical activity; 3) blood glucose monitoring; 4) taking medications1 5) preventing stress; 6) risk reduction; 7) correct behavior in case of illness [17; 21; 23; 28]. The most common disorder of carbohydrate metabolism is hyperglycemia, which is characterized by a persistent increase in blood glucose levels (above 6.1 mmol/l in fasting venous blood) and is one of the symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Target: assess patients' awareness of the importance of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders as a risk factor for the development and progression of complications of diabetes mellitus Materials and methods: The study included 280 women living in the Andijan region, aged from 30 to 65 years, the average age was 47.0±2.26 [Me 45.5; 95%CI 41.6- 46.5] years. https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume03Issue03-01 https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q= https://www.mendeley.com/search/?page=1&query= Volume 04 Issue 03-2024 46 American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation (ISSN – 2771-2753) VOLUME 04 ISSUE 03 PAGES: 44-51 SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) (2024: 7.7) OCLC – 1121105677 Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services Servi The control group included 40 women of similar age without carbohydrate disorders. fat metabolism. Average age 47.4±3.69 [Me 45.5; 95%CI 45.1-47.6] years. The surveyed women were interviewed and questioned on the basis of a special questionnaire compiled by endocrinologists of our department, BMI was determined (according to the classification of overweight in adults depending on BMI according to WHO, 1997; 16-18.5 kg/m2 underweight, norm 18.5- 24.9 m/kg2, overweight 25-29.9 kg/m2, obesity 1st degree 30-34.9 kg/m2, obesity 2nd degree 35-40 kg/m2, 40 kg/m2 and more obesity 3rd degree), abdominal obesity according to WHO with the calculation of the ratio of waist circumference (WC) to hips (HC) measured in centimeters. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) data collection protocol,[6] waist circumference should be measured at the midpoint between the lower edge of the last palpable rib and the upper part of the iliac crest. The measurement is taken with a non- stretch tape at a constant tension of 100 g. The pelvic circumference is measured around the widest part of the buttocks, the tape is held parallel to the floor. For both measurements, the person should wear a minimum of clothing and stand with their feet together, arms at their sides, and body weight evenly distributed. The patient should be relaxed and measurements should be taken during the expiratory phase during normal breathing. Each measurement should be repeated twice; If the measurements are within 1 cm of each other, the average should be calculated. If the difference between two measurements exceeds 1 cm, the two measurements must be repeated. [7] WC and BMI (more than 0.85 and 30 kg/m2, respectively, in women is considered abdominal obesity). The levels of fasting glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, in the blood were determined. The atherogenic index (AI) was calculated, according to the formula CA = (total cholesterol - HDL/HDL), the norm of the coefficient is -3.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION An analysis of the results of a survey of women showed: 65% of women were not aware that an increase in the abdominal index, BMI, disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism leads to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the progression of its complications. 70% of respondents did not follow a proper diet. Among women, overweight was detected in 90 women (32%), 42 (15%) were obese, and 20 (8%) were underweight. Among overweight women, 75 fasting blood glucose levels were 5.2 - 5.9 mmol/l, 9 women had 6.0 - 6.9 mmol/l (glycated hemoglobin 6.5 - 6.7%, 6.8-7.0, respectively), 63% of the examined women on the lipid profile, HDL levels were below standard values. Of the 42 patients with stage 1 obesity (BMI 30-34.9 kg/m2), 27 women (64%) suffered. Patients with high levels of the https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume03Issue03-01 https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q= https://www.mendeley.com/search/?page=1&query= Volume 04 Issue 03-2024 47 American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation (ISSN – 2771-2753) VOLUME 04 ISSUE 03 PAGES: 44-51 SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) (2024: 7.7) OCLC – 1121105677 Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services Servi atherogenic index and BMI, in comparison with the control group, had statistically significantly high levels of LDL cholesterol and significantly higher levels of insulin (norm 3-25 mKed/l in adults) and glycated hemoglobin in the blood, as well as relatively high levels of total cholesterol (4.97±0.43mmol/l vs 3.38±0.32mmol/l; P=0.05) and TG (2.03±0.30mmol/l vs 0.94±0.10mmol/l; P=0.05), as well as higher AI (3.33±0.27 versus 1.91±0.35; P=0.01). While HDL cholesterol levels (1.13±0.03 mmol/l) were significantly lower than in the group without carbohydrate metabolism disorders. CONCLUSIONS 1. Patients should be aware of the impact of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders on the development and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus and trained in preventive measures. 2. An increase in the abdominal index and BMI correlated with the indicator of impaired fasting glycemia, the level of glycated hemoglobin, as well as the values of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol. AI is significantly higher, and HDL-C is significantly lower than in women with normal BMI and abdominal index. 3. A positive relationship was found between age, BMI and AI. 4. Assessment of lipid metabolism, BMI, and abdominal index should be included in the list of mandatory examinations of patients with impaired carbohydrate metabolism. REFERENCES 1. Ametov A. S. The level of glycated hemoglobin as a significant marker of full glycemic control and a predictor of late vascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus // Russian Medical Journal. – 2011. – No. 13. – P. 832–837. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=20168668 2. Vengerovsky A.I., Yakimova T.V., Nasanova O.N. Effect of medicinal plant extracts on the functions and antioxidant protection of erythrocytes in experimental diabetes mellitus // Experimental and clinical pharmacology. – 2016. – No. 2. – P. 29– 33. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=25795273 3. Gavrovskaya L.K., Ryzhova O.V., Safonova A.F., Aleksandrova I.Ya., Sapronov N.S. Effect of taurine and thioctacide on carbohydrate metabolism and the antioxidant system of rats with experimental diabetes // Experimental and Clinical pharmacology. – 2008. – No. 3. – P. 34–35. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30906/0869-2092-2008-71-3- 34-35 4. Dedov I. I., Kalashnikova M. F., Belousov D. Yu., Kolbin A. S., Rafalsky V. V., Cheberda A. E., Kantemirova M. A., Zakiev V. D., Fadeev V.V. Analysis of the cost of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Russian Federation: results of the Russian multicenter observational pharmaco- epidemiological study FORSYTH-T2DM // Diabetes mellitus. – 2017. – No. 6. – P. 403–419. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14341/DM9278 https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume03Issue03-01 https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q= https://www.mendeley.com/search/?page=1&query= Volume 04 Issue 03-2024 48 American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation (ISSN – 2771-2753) VOLUME 04 ISSUE 03 PAGES: 44-51 SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) (2024: 7.7) OCLC – 1121105677 Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services Servi 5. Dedov I. I., Shestakova M. V., Vikulova O. K., Zheleznyakova A. V., Isakov M. A. Diabetes mellitus in the Russian Federation: prevalence, morbidity, mortality, parameters of carbohydrate metabolism and the structure of glucose-lowering therapy according to the Federal Register of Diabetes Mellitus, status 2017 // Diabetes mellitus. – 2018. – No. 3. – P. 144– 159. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/DM9686 6. Dedov I. I., Shestakova M. V., Vikulova O. K. Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus in the Russian Federation: clinical and statistical analysis according to the Federal Register of Diabetes Mellitus // Diabetes Mellitus. – 2017. – No. 1. – P. 13– 41. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/DM8664 7. Kozlova A.P., Koroshchenko G.A., Aizman R.I. Which components of the Curcuma longa plant have a hypoglycemic effect in diabetes mellitus? // Bulletin of the Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University. – 2016. – No. 3. – P. 167–175. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15293/2226-3365.1603.15 8. Koroshchenko G. A., Subotyalov M. A., Gerasev A. D., Aizman R. I. The influence of the rhizome of the Curcuma longa plant on the carbohydrate metabolism of rats in an experiment // Bulletin of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. – 2011. – No. 3. – P. 92–96. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=17752589 9. Mikhailichenko V. Yu., Stolyarov S. S. The role of insular and counter-insular hormones in the pathogenesis of alloxan diabetes mellitus in experimental rats // Modern problems of science and education. – 2015. – No. 4. – P. 485. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=23940326 © 2011– 2019 Science for Education Today (until 2018: Bulletin of the Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University) Science for Education Today 2019, volume 9, number 1 http://sciforedu.ru ISSN 2658- 6762 217 10. Mikhailichenko V. Yu., Pilipchuk A. A. Pathophysiological features of the heart in rats with experimental diabetes mellitus complicated by myocardial infarction // Crimean Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine. – 2017. – No. 1. – P. 27–37. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=28840222 11. Ostanova N. A., Pryakhina N. I. Some pharmacological properties of the aerial part of Galega officinalis L. and G. orientalis Lam // Plant resources. – 2003. – No. 4. – P. 119–129. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=17080783 12. Soguiko Yu. R., Krivko Yu. Ya., Krikun E. N., Novikov O. O. Morphofunctional characteristics of the liver of rats in normal conditions and with diabetes mellitus in an experiment // Modern problems of science and education. – 2013. – No. 1. – P. 52. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=18828985 13. Tutelyan V. A., Kiseleva T. L., Kochetkova A. A., Smirnova E. A., Kiseleva M. A., Sarkisyan V. A. Promising sources of phytonutrients for https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume03Issue03-01 https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q= https://www.mendeley.com/search/?page=1&query= Volume 04 Issue 03-2024 49 American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation (ISSN – 2771-2753) VOLUME 04 ISSUE 03 PAGES: 44-51 SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) (2024: 7.7) OCLC – 1121105677 Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services Servi specialized food products with a modified carbohydrate profile: experience traditional medicine // Nutrition issues. – 2016. – No. 4. – P. 46– 60. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=26486692 14. Trukhacheva N. V. Mathematical statistics in medical and biological research using the Statistica package: monograph. – M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2013. – 384 p. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=19561247 15. Chernyavskaya I.V., Zakharova A.A., Romanova I.P., Kravchun N.A. Herbal medicine in the complex treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease // News of medicine and pharmacy. – 2014. – No. 20. – P. 18–19_m. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=23147651 16. Yakimova T. V., Ukhova T. M., Burkova V. N., Arbuzov A. G., Mozzhelina T. K., Saratikov A. S. Hypoglycemic effect of extract from Galega officinalis (Fabaceae), cultivated in Altai // Plant resources. – 2005. – No. 2. – P. 134–138. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=9150200 17. Aguiar E. J., Morgan P. J., Collins C. E., Plotnikoff R. C., Young M. D., Callister R. Efficacy of the Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Using LifeStyle Education Program RCT // American Journal of Preventive Medicine. – 2016. – Vol. 50 (3). – P. 353–364. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2015.08.020 18. Aizman R. I., Koroshchenko G. A., Gajdarova A. P., Lukanina S. N., Subotyalov M. A. The Mechanisms of PLANT Rhizome Curcuma Longa Action on Carbohydrate Metabolism in Alloxan – Induced Diabetes Mellitus Rats // American Journal of Biomedical Research. – 2015. – Vol. 3, Issue 1. – R. 1– 5. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12691/ajbr-3-1-1 URL: http://www.sciepub.com/ajbr/abstract/3936 19. Babu P. S., Srinivasan K. Hypolypidemic action of curcumin, the active principle of turmeric (Curcuma longa) in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats // Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry. – 1997. – Vol. 166, Issue 1-2. – P. 169–175. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006819605211 20. Christensen K. B., Minet A., Svenstrup H., Grevsen K., Zhang H., Schrader E., Rimbach G., Wein S., Wolffram S., Kristiansen K., Christensen L. P. Identification of plant extracts with potential antidiabetic properties: effect on human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), adipocyte differentiation and insulin- stimulated glucose uptake // Phytotherapy research. – 2009. – Vol. 23, Issue 9. – R. 1316–1325. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2782 21. Chuengsamarn S., Rattanamongkolgul S., Luechapudiporn R., Phisalaphong C., Jirawatnotai S. Curcumin extract for prevention of type 2 diabetes // Diabetes Care . – 2012. – Vol. 35 (11). – P. 2121–2127. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc12- 011622. Coxon G. D., Furman B. L., Harvey A. L., McTavish J., Mooney M. H., Arastoo M., Kennedy A. R., Tettey J. M., Waigh R. D. Benzylguanidines https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume03Issue03-01 https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q= https://www.mendeley.com/search/?page=1&query= Volume 04 Issue 03-2024 50 American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation (ISSN – 2771-2753) VOLUME 04 ISSUE 03 PAGES: 44-51 SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) (2024: 7.7) OCLC – 1121105677 Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services Servi and other galegine analogues inducing weight loss in mice // Journal of Мedicinal Сhemistry. – 2009. – Vol. 52, Issue 11. – Р. 3457–3463. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm8011933 20. Ford C. N., Weber M. B., Staimez L. R., Anjana R. M., Lakshmi K., Mohan V., Narayan K. M. V., Harish R. Dietary changes in a diabetes prevention intervention among people with prediabetes: the Diabetes Community Lifestyle Improvement Program trial // Acta Diabetologiсa. – 2018. Online First. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00592-018- 1249-1 21. Gârgavu S. R., Clenciu D., Rosu M. M., Tenea-Cojan T. S., Costache A., Vladu I. M., Mota M. The Assessment of Life Style and the Visceral Adiposity Index as Cardiometabolic Risk Factors // Arch Balk Med Union. – 2018. – Vol. 53(2). – P. 189–195. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31688/ABMU.2018.53.2.02 22. Goswami K., Gandhe M. Evolution of metabolic syndrome and its biomarkers // Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews. – 2018. – Vol. 12, Issue 6. – P. 1071–1074. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2018.06.027 23. Jiménez-Osorio A. S., Monroy A., Alavez S. Curcumin and insulin resistance - Molecular targets and clinical evidence // Biofactors. – 2016. – Vol. 42, Issue 6. – P. 561–580. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biof.1302 24. Korzeniowska K., Derkowska I., Zalinska M., Remesz A., Kmiec A., Mysliwiec M. Changes in Diet and Lifestyle may Lower the Risk of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Children-Environmental Factors Influencing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Morbidity // Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism. – 2016. – Vol. 7. – P. 716. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2155- 6156.1000716 28. Ley S. H., Hamdy O., Mohan V., Hu F. B. Prevention and management of type 2 diabetes: dietary components and nutritional strategies // Lancet. – 2014. – Vol. 383, Issue 9933. – P. 1999–2007. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140- 6736(14)60613-9 25. Lui T. N., Tsao C. W., Huang S. Y., Chang C. H., Cheng J. T. Activation of imidazoline I2B receptors is linked with AMP kinase pathway to increase glucose uptake in cultured C2C12 cells // Neuroscience letters. – 2010. – Vol. 474, Issue 3. – R. 144–147. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2010.03.024 26. Lupak M. I. Khokhla M. R., Hachkova G. Ya., Kanyuka O. P., Klymyshyn N. I., Chajka Ya. P., Skybitska M. I., Sybirna N. O. The alkaloid-free fraction from Galega officinalis extract prevents oxidative stress under experimental diabetes mellitus // Ukrainian biochemical journal. – 2015. – Vol. 87, Issue 4. – R. 78–86. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ubj87.04.078 27. Newman D. J., Cragg G. M. Natural products as sources of new drugs from 1981 to 2014 // Journal of natural products. – 2016. – Vol. 79, Issue 3. – R. https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume03Issue03-01 https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q= https://www.mendeley.com/search/?page=1&query= Volume 04 Issue 03-2024 51 American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation (ISSN – 2771-2753) VOLUME 04 ISSUE 03 PAGES: 44-51 SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) (2024: 7.7) OCLC – 1121105677 Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services Servi 629–661. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b01055 28. Newman D. J., Cragg G. M., Snader K. M. The influence of natural products upon drug discovery // Natural product reports. – 2000. – Vol. 17, Issue 3. – R. 215–234. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/A902202 PMID: 10888010 29. Meenu V., Gayathry M. S., Gisna J., Shalini S. D., Roshni P. R., Remya R. A study on comorbidities and life style associated with diabetes patients. // International Research Journal of Pharmacy. – 2013. – Vol. 4 (5). – R. 148–149. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2230-8407.04530 © 2011– 2019 Science for Education Today (until 2018: Bulletin of the Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University) Science for Education Today 2019, volume 9, no. 1 http:// sciforedu.ru ISSN 2658-6762 219 30. Mooney M. H., Fogarty S., Stevenson C., Gallagher A. M., Palit P., Hawley S. A., Hardie D. G., Coxon G. D., Waigh R. D., Tate R. J., Harvey A. L., Furman B. L. Mechanisms underlying the metabolic actions of galegine that contribute to weight loss in mice // British journal of pharmacology. – 2008. – Vol. 153, Issue 8. – R. 1669–1677. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bjp.2008.37 31. Mousavi S. M., Milajerdi A., Varkaneh H. K., Gorjipour M. M., Esmaillzadeh A. The effects of curcumin supplementation on body weight, body mass index and waist circumference: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials // Critical Review of Food Science and Nutrition. – 2018. Latest Articles. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2018.1517724 32. Pereira M. G. Beyond Life Style Interventions in Type 2 Diabetes // Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem. – 2016. – Vol. 24. – P. e2765. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.0000.2765 https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume03Issue03-01 https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q= https://www.mendeley.com/search/?page=1&query=