Volume 04 Issue 05-2024 15 American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation (ISSN – 2771-2753) VOLUME 04 ISSUE 05 PAGES: 15-18 SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) (2024: 7.7) OCLC – 1121105677 Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services Servi ABSTRACT The article contains information about specific characteristics of fish, predatory fish and their species. KEYWORDS Fish, predatory fish, structure, lifestyle, ecological characteristics. INTRODUCTION Fish (Pisces) is a large class of the vertebrate subtype, very common. The structure, life and ecological characteristics are very well adapted to the aquatic environment. The ancient ancestors of fishes were chordates with a simple lanceolate structure. In the course of historical development, animals with pairs of fins appeared from the first chordates. They lived a wild life. As a result of living an active life in search of prey, their nervous system and sensory organs developed and fishes appeared. Fish are chordate animals that live in water. The body is compressed from both sides, covered with scales, has three odd, two pairs of fins. He breathes through Jabra. The heart has two chambers, the circulatory system consists of one circle, and the nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord. Fish sense organs consist of eyes, ears, nose, whiskers and side stripes. A fish cannot see far. He sees things a meter away. But due to the shrinking of the sickle cell, he can see up to 12 meters away. The hearing organ of fish consists of the inner ear. Because the water is in a dense environment, fish hear very well. He can even hear footsteps on the shore. Like all animals, he has a strong sense of smell. Some fish also have whiskers. A mustache acts as an emotion. The Research Article BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PREDATORY FISH Submission Date: May 02, 2024, Accepted Date: May 07, 2024, Published Date: May 12, 2024 Crossref doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume04Issue05-03 E.K. Joldasbaeva Nukus State Pedagogical Institute Named After Ajiniyaz 2nd Year Student Of Biology Education, Uzbekistan Journal Website: https://theusajournals. com/index.php/ajbspi Copyright: Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the creative commons attributes 4.0 licence. https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume03Issue03-01 https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q= https://www.mendeley.com/search/?page=1&query= https://theusajournals.com/ https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume04Issue05-03 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajbspi https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajbspi Volume 04 Issue 05-2024 16 American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation (ISSN – 2771-2753) VOLUME 04 ISSUE 05 PAGES: 15-18 SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) (2024: 7.7) OCLC – 1121105677 Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services Servi lateral lines consist of nerve cells. Through the lateral lines, the obstacles in front, the moving prey are easily sensed. If the fish becomes blind, it can easily live through the side lines. Predatory fish. Predators of the underwater world include fish, their diet includes other inhabitants of water bodies, as well as birds and some animals. The world of predatory fish is diverse: from scary specimens to attractive aquarium specimens. They combine their large mouth with sharp teeth to catch prey. A characteristic feature of predators is unrestrained greed, excessive satiety. Ichthyologists note the special intelligence and inventiveness of these creatures of nature. The struggle for survival contributed to the development of abilities predatory fish surpass even cats and dogs. Sea predatory fish. Most of the marine fish of predatory families live in the tropics and subtropics. It is in these climatic zones that there are many different herbivorous fish, warm-blooded mammals that make up the diet of predators. Shark. Takes implicit leadership white predatory fish is the trickiest for people. The length of the carcass is 11 m. Its 250 species of relatives can also be dangerous, but the attacks of 29 representatives of their families have been officially recorded. The safest is the whale shark - huge, up to 15 m long, feeds on plankton. than 1.5-2 meters are tricky and dangerous. Among them: • Tiger shark; • hammerhead shark (there are large protrusions with eyes on the head of the side); • shark mako; • katran (sea dog); • gray shark; • spotted shark scillium. In addition to sharp teeth, fish are equipped with barbed spines and tough skin. Cuts and blows are as dangerous as bites. Injuries caused by large sharks are fatal in 80% of cases. The power of the jaws of predators reaches 18 tf. With a bite, it is able to dismember a person. The unique abilities of sharks allow them to catch the water vibrations of a swimming person at a distance of 200 m. The inner ear is tuned to infrared and low frequencies. The beast senses a drop of blood at a distance of 1-4 km. Vision is 10 times sharper than humans. The speed of acceleration behind the beast reaches 50 km per hour. Moray. They live in underwater caves, hide in thick vegetation, coral reefs. The length of the body reaches 3 meters with a thickness of 30 cm. The grip of lightning is so strong that cases of the death of divers who were not freed from a fatal encounter are described. Aquarians are familiar with the comparison between moray eels and bulldogs. Its scaleless body resembles a snake, which makes it easy to hide. The body is much larger than the back. A big head with a huge mouth that barely closes. https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume03Issue03-01 https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q= https://www.mendeley.com/search/?page=1&query= Volume 04 Issue 05-2024 17 American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation (ISSN – 2771-2753) VOLUME 04 ISSUE 05 PAGES: 15-18 SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) (2024: 7.7) OCLC – 1121105677 Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services Servi Moray snakes attack larger victims. It grabs the prey with its tail and helps break it up. The ability to see the prey is poor, but the instinct compensates for the deficiency in chasing the prey. Barracuda (seiren). The length of this population, similar to large peaks, it reaches 3 meters. The lower jaw of the fish is pushed forward, which makes it especially scary. Silver barracudas are sensitive to bright objects and water vibrations. Large predatory fish can bite a diver's leg or cause injuries that are difficult to heal. Sometimes these attacks involve sharks. Barracudas are nicknamed sea tigers for their sudden attacks and sharp teeth. They feed on everything, ignoring even poisonous people. Gradually, toxins accumulate in the muscles, making fish meat unhealthy. Small barracudas hunt in schools, large - singly. Swordfish. A sea predator with a length of up to 3 meters and a weight of 400-450 kg. The unique appearance of the fish is reflected in the name of the fish. The long growth of the upper jaw bone resembles a military weapon in its structure. A type of sword up to 1.5 meters long. The fish itself looks like a torpedo. A swordsman's punch is more than 4 tons. It easily penetrates a 40 cm thick oak board and a 2.5 cm thick metal sheet. The beast has no scales. Despite its water resistance, the travel speed is up to 130 km/h. This is a unique indicator that raises questions even among ichthyologists. The swordsman swallows the prey whole or cuts it into pieces. There are many fish in the diet, including even sharks. Monkfish (European monkfish) The resident at the bottom expands. It got its name because of its unpleasant appearance. The body is large, about 2 meters long, weighing up to 20 kg. Noteworthy is the crescent-shaped mouth with an extended lower half-jaw and close-set eyes. Natural camouflage reliably camouflages the predator during hunting. A long fin on the upper jaw serves as a fish catch. In its formation, bacteria live as bait for fish. The angler must watch for prey near his mouth. Monkfish can swallow prey several times larger than itself. Sometimes it rises to the surface of the water and catches birds that have fallen to sea level. Sargan (arrowhead fish). In appearance, teaching sea fish can easily be confused with needle fish or embroidery. The silver body is 90 cm long. Sargan lives near the water level of the southern and northern seas. Long, narrow jaws protrude forward. The teeth are small and sharp. It feeds on sprat, mackerel, gerbil. In pursuit of the victim, it quickly jumps through the water. A noteworthy feature of the fish is the green color of the bones. Night. A large school predator common in the Atlantic Ocean. Carcass reaches 4 meters, weighs half a ton. The spindle-shaped body is adapted for long and fast movement up to 90 km / h. The diet of predators https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume03Issue03-01 https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q= https://www.mendeley.com/search/?page=1&query= Volume 04 Issue 05-2024 18 American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation (ISSN – 2771-2753) VOLUME 04 ISSUE 05 PAGES: 15-18 SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) (2024: 7.7) OCLC – 1121105677 Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services Servi includes mackerel, sardines, types of molluscs, crustaceans. French nicknamed tuna sea calf for its red meat and taste similarity. Pelamida. The appearance is similar to tuna, but the size of the fish is much smaller. The length does not exceed 85 cm, the weight is 7 kg. Slanted strokes on the back, highlighted in blue. The abdomen is light. Schools of bonito are closer to the water surface and feed on small prey: anchovies, sardines. Predatory sea fish are characterized by unusual hunger. Up to 70 small fish were found in one person. A lot of work is being done to develop the field of ichthyology in Uzbekistan. Many decisions have been made about fish breeding. Our young ichthyologists are returning after training abroad. However, at present, the fauna of our country has not been fully studied. For this reason, we can know how many fish species exist in our country and how many of them are endangered based on the scientific work carried out by our scientists. REFERENCES 1. J.L.Laxanov ”Umurtqalilar zoologiyasi” Toshkent-2005 2. O.Mavlanov ”Zoologiya” Toshkent-2010 3. S.P.Naumov ”Umurtqali hayvonlar zoologiyasi” Toshkent” O’qituvchi”1995 4. R.Tileuov Рыбы Каракалпакий. Qaraqalpaqstan 1974 5. R.Tileuov, B.Allamuratov Omirtqalilar zoologiyasi. Qaraqalpaqstan.: 2005 6. Tleuov R.T. Новый режим Арала и его влияние на ихтиофауну. Ташкент: Наука.1981. 190. S. https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume03Issue03-01 https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q= https://www.mendeley.com/search/?page=1&query=