ajbmeb: A Pathfinder

This is a computer-generated pathfinder created against the Distant Reader study called ajbmeb.

Each Distant Reader study carrel is composed of many individual items. Each item is bibliographically described with author, title, date, summary, and keyword values. Below is a list of the items' most signficant keywords as well as lists of the items themselves. Purpusing the content of this pathfinder provides the student, researcher, or scholar with one way to get their heads around the scope of the carrel. The keywords include:

Development; Business; Banking; Uzbekistan; Economy; Banks; State; Investment; System; Capital; Economics; Market; Accounting; Services; Education; Company; Production; Bank; Value; Financial; Companies; Information; Technologies; Sector; Countries; Financing; Republic; Growth; Policy; Economic; Performance; Stock; Energy; Resources; Tourism; Data; Products; Marketing; Level; Organization; Risk; Organizations; Investments; Work; Audit; Activity; Insurance; Enterprises; Finance; Customer; Governance; Enterprise; Industry; Trade; Funds; Assets; Central; Students; Model; Service; Projects; World; Relationship; People; Use; Knowledge; Innovation; Language; Nigeria; Time; Health; Currency; Payment; Methods; Water; Effect; Person; Property; Businesses; Children; Goods; Instruments; Estate; Society; Requirements; Code; Art; Bir; Ecosystem; Thаt; Breeding; Tashkent; Soil; Ишлаб; Йил; Prosecutor; Child; Layer; Bukhara; Gas; Log; Russia; Berilgan; Chamomile

Depending on how this pathfinder was created, many of the bibliographic sections will include elaborations on the meaning(s) of the given keywords. These elaborations were generated by feeding the items' summaries to a large langauge model and asking the model to address the question, "What is X?", where "X" is the keyword. The result will be a few sentences of elaboration. Be forewarned. The elaborations are often plausible, but they should not be take as truth. Instead, they should be taken as points for consideration.

• EDUCATION TO THE FIELD INVESTMENTS ATTRACTION TO DO by Amirov T.M. (2023) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 13, | June, 2023 P a g e | 111 www.americanjournal.org EDUCATION TO THE FIELD INVESTMENTS ATTRACTION TO DO Amirov T.M. 1 1 Trainee Assistant, Department of Economic Theory, Samarkand Institute of Economics and Service, Uzbekistan Phone: +99893 725 52 68 A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S Current in the day countries of the economy development and integration , qualified and competent to personnel has been of demand increased to go as a result education field efficient development and to the field investments active attraction reach important importance occupation is doing Developed countries education field active respectively by developing growing up is coming In our article education field in development abroad experience , developed countries education to the field attraction being carried out investments, them attraction doer factors , them development ways about thought we walk With that together studied data education to the system apply and to practice current reach ways about info giving let 's go. Introduction: Technician in terms of investment the term work release assets reserves joining process as is determined this buildings , plants and equipment such as main tools buy to receive own into take can _ Investments , as well as education through in the organization there is a person resources quality improve for money to spend own into take can _ Present in the day of countries development and progressive to be done fast in pictures done increase as a result worker to power , wider by doing so to speak competent worker to power The demand is strong increased is going Of this as a result all countries their own education system one until upgrade and is trying to develop . Keywords: country; development; education; field; increase; investments
• ANALYSIS AND RESULTS OF TERRITORIAL INDICATORS OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITY IN UZBEKISTAN by Karimova Komila Daniyarovna (2023) - In particular, when the rate of investment development is analyzed by region, we observe unstable conditions in some regions (Table 2). action strategy, investment policy, investment activity, investment fund, domestic and foreign investment, free economic zones, investment activity, securities. Keywords: development; economy; investment; regions; republic; uzbekistan
• PROSPECTS OF PILGRIMAGE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN UZBEKISTAN by Davlatov Azizbek Abdullajon o’g’li (2023) - This article provides feedback on the goals of tourism development in Uzbekistan. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 13, | June, 2023 P a g e | 145 www.americanjournal.org PROSPECTS OF PILGRIMAGE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN UZBEKISTAN Davlatov Azizbek Abdullajon o’g’li Termiz davlat universiteti Xorijiy filologiya fakulteti Gid hamrohligi va tarjimonlik faoliyati: ingliz tili yo’nalishi 2-kurs talabasi A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S Keywords: country; development; tourism; uzbekistan
• FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM'S EFFECTS ON GLOBAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS by Ammar Neamah Awada; Anas Mahmood Ibrahim (2023) - The change in the conceptual underpinnings of the development of a new paradigm of financial management in the twenty-first century led to a conclusion. A radical theoretical rethinking of conventional scientific paradigms of economic processes as well as the theoretical and methodological substantiation of the modern content of financial management of domestic business in accordance with threats and challenges are urgently required in light of the profound transformations that have been dynamically taking place in the global environment since the beginning of the 21st century. Keywords: business; development; economy; financial; influence; management; management system; megatrends; system
• THE IMPACT OF ASYLUM ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT by Dr. Dina Ahmed Omar (2023) - 1407.00 1197.07 14.0% 1055.00 1092.60 16% 18.5% 123.9% External grants (in millions of dinars) 500.50 401.70 19.7% 1215 816.00 31.2% 11.5% 58.3% Budget deficit including grants (in million dinars) 477.50 1045.22 118.8% 1382.75 878.9 36.4% -155.2% 130.7% Public debt (in millions of dinars) 84% 61% -27.2% 65% 95% 45.3% 72.5% -266.1% Debt ratio of GDP 84% 61% -27.2% 65% 95% 45.3% 72.5% -266.2% Per capita share of public debt 1369.23% 1875.07 36.9% 2144.27 2662.99 24.2% -130.8 -120.1% Tourism income in million dinars 1021 2545.18 149.1% 2431.5 2870.90 18.1% -131.1% -87.9% American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 15 August, 2023 P a g e | 7 www.americanjournal.org Keywords: asylum; countries; crisis; development; economic; jordan; population; refugees; state; study
• ANALYSIS AND MEASUREMENT OF THE IMPACT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ON THE GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT IN IRAQ FOR THE PERIOD 2004-2022 by Susan Fawaz Abdel-Wahhab al-Dabbagh (2023) - Foreign direct investment is an important source of one of the most important international sources for financing economic activities for the economic development process, especially in developing countries, including Iraq, whether in the field of international trade or in the field of foreign direct investment, and it has an important role in advancing economic development, which is considered a form of forms of financial flows The private medium-term and long-term, and the increased interest American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 15 August, 2023 P a g e | 151 www.americanjournal.org and greatly in foreign direct investments by the Arab countries, including Iraq since the early eighties as a result of the decline in loans provided to them in the wake of the escalation of the external debt crisis . Study hypothesis : Foreign direct investment has a major role in economic development in Iraq, and there is a positive relationship between economic development, gross domestic product, and foreign direct investment in Iraq . Keywords: countries; development; economics; foreign; investment; iraq; management; period; product; study
• A THEORETICAL VISION OF THE STRATEGY OF DEVELOPING THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN ARAB SOCIETIES by Prof. Ishaq Yousef Al-Ayyash (2023) - (Inter American development bank; private sector development strategy, 2004, 23). Private sector organizations play an important role in the development and development of societies as they are considered complementary to the government sector in terms of providing services and providing support to different segments of society (1). Keywords: activity; business; development; financing; human; role; sector; sector development; sector organizations; strategy
• CHARACTERISTICS AND CHALLENGES OF THE IRAQI ECONOMY AFTER 2003 by Prof. Dr. Younes Boujelbene; Elham khudhair Abbas Shubbar (2023) - First: The problem of study: The problem is determined that the renter of the Iraqi economy has become an inherent feature of it in addition to the structural imbalances in its economic structure weakened its ability to develop economic sectors and diversify its resources and sources of income. The Iraqi economy was characterized by characteristics of the period after the year 2003, and the subsequent period caused a large amount of imbalance in the overall economic balance, which was reflected in the form of clear structural imbalances, a decline in the gross domestic product in general and oil in particular, a high percentage of the contribution of oil production to the gross domestic product, and a decline in the percentage of the contribution of economic sectors. Keywords: challenges; development; economic; economy; investment; iraq; management; national; oil; sector; state
• FROM ANCIENT TRADITIONS TO MODERN GREATNESS: THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY OF UZBEKISTAN by Yormatov Ilmidin Toshmatovich (2023) - Textile cluster development program - this program is aimed at the creation and development of specialized textile clusters where textile industry enterprises with high production capacity are concentrated. In recent years, as a result of comprehensive measures for the development of the textile and sewing-knitting industry in our country, as a result of the implementation of comprehensive measures to support the investment and export activities of industry enterprises, 100% of the cotton fibre and 45% of the yarn produced in the republic are being processed. Keywords: development; enterprises; industry; light; textile; textile industry; uzbekistan
• SITUATION AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF "ART TOURISM" IN UZBEKISTAN by Kholmurodova Shahnoza Ganisher qizi (2023) - Art tourism is broadly defined as any activity that involves travel to view art and includes people who travel from their home 2.8 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.6 Visitors to Art museums (as of 2021, in millions) This article analyzes the activity of art tourism as a new field of tourism research and its role in tourism and its impact on the economy. Keywords: art; country; development; museums; tourism
• GREEN FACTOR OF ECONOMIC GROWTH IN UZBEKISTAN (PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS) by Saidkamolkhon Bakhodirov (2023) - Green factor, green economy, industry 4.0, green investments, green technologies. The concept of green economy has emerged in the last two decades and is closely related to the concept of sustainable development. Keywords: development; economy; energy; green; technologies; uzbekistan
• THE REALITY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOURISM SPENDING AND THE AVERAGE PER CAPITA IN IRAQ FOR THE DURATION (2004-2020) (ANALYTICAL STUDY) by Prof. Dr. Younes Boujelbene; Esraa Saad Fahad (2023) - Tourism spending, average GDP per capita index, the relationship of tourism spending with the development of Iraqi per capita income. The aims of study to introduce the importance of incoming tourism spending and its impact on the economies of the country concerned with receiving tourists and its impact on macroeconomic indicators, especially the average Iraqi per capita GDP, which developed according to the years of study 2004 to 2020 likely for the reasons of security and political instability, economic reasons and even health reasons such as the Corona pandemic, which harmed the world and Iraq, and the researchers adopted a descriptive analytical approach to study the reality of the relationship between tourism spending and the average Iraqi per capita GDP, which Reach the fluctuation of the results of the relationship due to the factors determining it. Keywords: average; capita; country; development; gdp; growth; iraq; period; rate; tourism spending; tourist
• DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIONS AND PROBLEMS OF THE INSURANCE MARKET OF UZBEKISTAN by Yusupov Yusupjon Shavkat ugli (2023) - This section discusses important issues such as low awareness and understanding of insurance products, poor risk management practices among insurance companies, limited variety of products and lack of qualified insurance professionals. Improper risk management practices in insurance companies: Insurance companies in Uzbekistan face difficulties in implementing effective risk management methods. Keywords: development; insurance; market; uzbekistan
• THE STATE OF DEVELOPMENT OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES IN UZBEKISTAN by Gulnozakhon Muydinova (2023) - Light industry, textile industry, textile products, textile market, export, clothing and knitwear products. If in 1991 7% of the cotton fiber grown in our republic was processed, now 100% of raw cotton is processed by textile industry enterprises. Keywords: development; industry; management; products; republic; textile; uzbekistan
• BUSINESS ECOSYSTEM OF COMMERCIAL BANKS AND ITS ORGANIZATION PROCESSES by Shoymardonov Orziqul Jura ugli (2023) - Another important aspect of banking business ecosystems is the development of partnerships with technology providers and other companies. Commercial banking ecosystems will be an important way of communicating with customers in the future. Keywords: banking; banks; business; business ecosystem; development; digital; ecosystem; journal; services
• MAIN ASPECTS OF THE TAX POTENTIAL AND DIGITAL ECONOMY OF THE COUNTRY by Gafurova Umida Fatikhovna (2023) - The article describes the essence of tax potential and the digital economy in modern conditions. The results of scientific research in the field of formation of the concept of tax potential taking into account the digital economy are reflected. Keywords: development; digital; economy; potential; rate; tax; tax potential; taxes
• CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKS FOR SHAPING AND ADVANCING AGROTOURISM VENTURES by Sadafbek Husanboev (2023) - Based on the above considerations, several important conclusions were reached during the study of approaches to the concept of Agrotourism: - firstly, agro tourism is a type of tourism, in which the main motive is recreation in rural areas, familiarization with traditional culture existing in natural rural areas; - secondly, agro-tourism refers to the accommodation of tourists in farms, families based on private plots or hotel complexes in rural areas, where the influence of popular culture is not strong, and the regions that have preserved their national identity; - thirdly, agro-tourism brings economic benefits to host entities by creating jobs and income opportunities for the local population; American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 18 Nov., 2023 P a g e | 144 www.americanjournal.org - fourthly, agro-tourism supports environmental protection activities and includes aspects of minimizing the negative impact of tourism on people and the natural environment, which is usually called sustainable tourism, and at the same time ensuring economic benefits; - fifth, agro-tourism increases the awareness of tourists and residents about the need to preserve cultural, national, natural and other resources in the area. The changes taking place, on the one hand, are aimed at ensuring the economically efficient operation of agro-industrial sectors, and on the other hand, they are aimed at ensuring the social development of rural areas (the level of urbanization, infrastructure development, the standard of living of the population, the stability of the demographic situation, etc.). Keywords: activities; activity; agro; agrotourism; areas; development; production; tourism
• THE ROLE OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY'S ECONOMY by З. К. Рахимов (2023) - Therefore, countries such as the United States, Germany, and Great Britain changed from extensive development to intensive development in 1870-1914, developed scientific innovations of the next generation and applied them in practice, and economic development was more effective 1. 9The way of extensive development is the way to increase the volume of production at the expense of quantitative factors of economic growth (additional recruitment of labor force, expansion of cultivated areas, increase of production of raw materials, construction of new facilities). Keywords: capital; country; development; economic; economy; growth
• THE PRACTICE OF DIGITALIZATION OF EVALUATION ACTIVITIES AND THE PROSPECTS OF ITS APPLICATION IN UZBEKISTAN by Bobirjon Aktamov (2023) - 2.3 million jobs will be created by 2020 in industries worldwide through the use of artificial intelligence, and 20% of the world's workforce today rely on artificial intelligence technologies regularly in their work. According to the research of researchers of the Russian Higher School of Economics, the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies is increasing day by day. Keywords: activities; banking; business; data; development; economy; intelligence; journal; management; technologies
• ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT: RESTRUCTURING AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT by Gulsanam Boykuzieva (2023) - It investigates the evolving landscape of agricultural enterprises, aiming to identify and implement mechanisms that enhance economic viability and operational efficiency. Through an interdisciplinary analysis of economic frameworks and organizational methodologies, this study endeavors to offer actionable insights for redefining the management paradigms of agricultural enterprises, fostering resilience, and fostering growth in the sector. Keywords: development; enterprises; journal; management; market; practices; uzbekistan
• A HISTORICAL LOOK AT THE MODERN PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF REAL ESTATE OF DEVELOPMENT by Гиесов Ильхом Каримович; Рузибоев Сулаймон Баходирович (2023) - The American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 19 December, 2023 P a g e | 86 www.americanjournal.org complex process of private real estate development required a complex and accidental confluence of many trends, new thinking, and dramatic social action for its birth. Theory, Principles and Models By studying the historical formulation of the model of private urban development, the knowledge gained is added to the understanding, discussion and study of the activities currently being carried out. Keywords: business; development; estate; land; london; management; model; process; urban
• EMPOWERING COMMUNITIES: SMALL BUSINESS AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN DRIVING EMPLOYMENT AND INCOME GROWTH WITHIN THE SERVICE SECTOR by Gulbakhor Sultonova (2023) - 2023 P a g e | 104 www.americanjournal.org − taking into account the fact that the majority of the population of the region lives in rural areas and the position of the region in the republic's agriculture, the establishment of mini-shops for the processing of agricultural products; − introduction of a rational logistics system to improve the process of selling their products through wholesale and retail directly for small businesses and private enterprises; − to ensure the competitiveness of the products of small businesses and private enterprises, to assist them in solving the issues of continuous electricity and water supply by local governments in an appropriate manner; − establishment of joint ventures within the scope of small business and private entrepreneurship entities, attracting foreign investments, in regions with opportunities for processing agricultural products, and production of industrial and construction materials at the expense of local raw materials. Introduction Improving the efficiency of small business and private business entities in the field of service in the context of modernization of the economy and improvement of the population's well-being is one of the important issues facing the country's economy today Keywords: business; development; employment; entrepreneurship; management; people; population; republic
• SMALL BUSINESS AND PRIVATE ENTREPRENEURSHIP: DRIVING FORCES IN UZBEKISTAN'S ECONOMY by Usmanov Akramjon Axmadjonovich; Asqarov Farxod Raxmatovich (2023) - The article delves into the pivotal role played by small businesses and private entrepreneurship within the Republic's economy. The article scrutinizes the proportions of small business and private entrepreneurship across diverse sectors, employing analytical methodologies. Keywords: activity; business; development; entrepreneurship; management; share
• THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING IN DIGITAL BANKING TECHNOLOGY by Hussein Zaboon Oleiwi (2024) - 2.4 The importance of artificial intelligence in achieving fundamental transformations and representing a positive negative impact on the presence of artificial intelligence applications is as follows: - . 2- Anti-Money Laundering: Adopting artificial intelligence systems that stop steps that make money that comes from illegal or unethical sources appear to be earned illegally; By adopting more American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 20 January, 2024 P a g e | 15 www.americanjournal.org flexible, accurate and fast systems with continuous innovations and improvements in the field of artificial intelligence . Keywords: banking; banks; business; customers; data; development; intelligence; management; sector; services; technology
• GREEN ECONOMY: THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN CENTRAL ASIA by Mukhitdinova Muyassar Ziyaviddinovna (2023) - The World Bank’s Climate and Environment (CLIENT) Program supports Central Asia countries in achieving these goals through innovative environmental and economic analytical approaches and transboundary collaboration [9]. Central Asia is highly vulnerable to climate change owing to a set of critical interactions between the region’s socio-economic and environmental contexts. Keywords: asia; central; change; climate; climate change; development; economy; energy; green; region; transition; water
• DEVELOPMENT OF THE ACTIVITY OF THE BANKING SYSTEM IN THE CONDITIONS OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT by Tashmatov Shuhrat Hamraevich, (2024) - Thus, in our republic, along with bank control, bank management is given special importance, and it is becoming the main market method of management in this field. In today's rapidly changing times, the entire system of bank management is also developing rapidly. Keywords: bank management; banking; banking system; banks; development; management; system; uzbekistan
• THE ROLE OF INVESTMENT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMY OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN by Ganiev Shakhriddin Vakhidovich; Mamatov Bahadir Safaraliyevich (2024) - Attracting foreign investment is one of the most important mechanisms for stimulating economic growth and development. The role of investment, including foreign investment, in the development of the national economy is as follows: 1. Keywords: assets; development; economics; economy; investments; uzbekistan; volume
• PRIORITY AREAS OF INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF HOUSING CONSTRUCTION by Usmanov Mirumar Abdulla o’g’li (2024) - Stimulating the investment activity of construction organizations in the field of housing construction increases the level of investment attractiveness of the regional housing construction market, creates conditions for the implementation of state and regional programs and the improvement of the quality and quantity of indicators of the development of the mortgage lending system. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 20, | January, 2024 P a g e | 181 www.americanjournal.org PRIORITY AREAS OF INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF HOUSING CONSTRUCTION Keywords: construction; development; housing; housing construction; investment
• EFFICIENCY OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC STIMULATION OF BUSINESS ACTIVITIES IN AGRICULTURE by Opayev Biysenbay Aymanovich (2024) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 20, | January, 2024 P a g e | 254 www.americanjournal.org EFFICIENCY OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC STIMULATION OF BUSINESS ACTIVITIES IN AGRICULTURE Opayev Biysenbay Aymanovich Berdax nomidagi Qoraqalpoq davlat universiteti, Menedjment va iqtisodiyot asoslari kafedrasi, assistent o’qituvchisi A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S Today, the author gives feedback on the effectiveness of the development of business activities in agriculture and the organizational and economic incentives in our country and has developed scientific proposals and recommendations. Over the past 5 years, farm production has increased by 10%. Keywords: agriculture; business; development; farms
• ENSURING ECONOMIC GROWTH BASED ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY by Vaydullayev Ilyos Hamidulla o'g'li (2024) - Because data is multifaceted, and its use affects not only trade and economic development, but also human rights, peace and security. Various forms of economic innovation can be cited in economic development: - introducing a new product or service; - introduction of a new method of production; - opening of a new market; - acquisition of a new source of supply of raw materials or semi-finished products; - opening a new direction in any field, etc. Keywords: business; country; development; digital; economy; industry; volume
• MECHANISMS OF ORGANIZING GASTRONOMY TOURISM SERVICES AND ITS DEVELOPMENT by Vafoxodjayeva Dilafruz Rahmatulloevna (2024) - Food plays an important role in a country's culture, and while on vacation, travelers want to try the local cuisines of the place, so the tourism industry as a whole will continue to grow, and food tourism will thrive as travelers seek more experiences and a better understanding of the local culture of their destinations. Food tourism differs from typical food consumption in that it offers several opportunities to create food- and beverage-related narratives regarding important parts of local culture, such as its history and local attractions. Keywords: cuisine; culinary; development; food; motivation; restaurant; services; study; tourism; tourists
• THE ROLE OF GREEN BANK PRODUCTS IN ACHIEVING SDGs by Qudratov I. (2025) - Within this framework, green banking products are considered pragmatic vehicles for channelling funds into the above activities. Research also links green banking products to specific Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Keywords: banking; banks; development; energy; finance; green; products
• APPLICATION OF NEW INNOVATIVE METHODS IN TEACHING ECONOMIC SUBJECTS IN GENERAL SECONDARY SCHOOLS by Abdushukurova Sevinch Akramjonovna (2024) - In the context of an innovative approach to education, the use of game technologies in the development of economic knowledge and skills of students of general secondary schools in the teaching of economic subjects increases the quality of the teaching of these subjects. The implementation of these principles is based on the values of economic education of students and is reflected in the integral pedagogical processes. Keywords: development; education; knowledge; students
• IMPORTANCE OF THE BEEKEEPING SECTOR IN REGIONAL AGRICULTURE by Qulmurotov Sohibjon Jumaniyozovich; Iskandarov Suhrob Ulug’bek o'g’li (2024) - This area serves to increase bee families, grow honey, wax, pollen and other beekeeping products, pollinate agricultural plants, increase productivity and improve the quality of fruit tree crops. In the world, 80-85% of plants are pollinated from the outside, and bees play a key role in this. Keywords: beekeeping; bees; day; development; republic
• IMPROVEMENT OF THEORETICAL, METHODOLOGICAL AND OBJECTIVE SYSTEM METHODOLOGY IN THE ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT by Kalandarova Nargiza Narimanovna (2024) - At the initial stage of the emergence of the concept of sustainable development in the country, American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 21 February, 2024 P a g e | 131 www.americanjournal.org along with the recognition of global environmental problems, issues of economic development, as well as the standard of living, were approved. Stability, financial stability, concept of stability, principles of stability, sustainable development, financial situation, export, import, types of stability, method of analysis. Keywords: analysis; business; development; entity; management; stability
• WAYS TO IMPROVE IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIONS IN THE FIELD OF AGRICULTURE IN UZBEKISTAN by Narinbaeva Gulnora Karimovna (2024) - It should be noted that the highest or 16.2% more number of opened bolls than the control field was observed in cotton fields where Gumimax fertilizer was applied at the rate of 0.3 l/ha. According to the experiments, the economic efficiency of the Gumimax drug is high, and its use ensures an additional yield of 3.68 t/ha from 1 hectare of cotton area. Keywords: cotton; development; gumimax; innovations; production; year
• EDUCATION SPENDING STRATEGY TO ACHIEVE SUSTAINABLE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT: FUTURE VISIONS by M. M. Yousra Rabie Ibrahim; M. M. Nour Abdelnabi Abboud; M. M. Raed Ali Mishkl; M. M. Israa Abdel Hussein Issa (2024) - A C T K E Y W O R D S Among the government institutions concerned with achieving sustainable human development is the Education Institution. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 22 March - 2024 P a g e | 14 www.americanjournal.org education in the tripartite budget (2023-2025), a significant decrease was recorded in the financial allocations to the education sector compared to the previous three years (2020-2022), which hurt the production of human resources that support the Iraqi economy to achieve sustainable development, so Iraq ranked (121) in the global classification of levels of sustainable human development. Keywords: capital; development; education; government; human; iraq; management; resources; sector; spending; volume
• IMPROVING GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT POLICY IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR by Yangiboev Sirojiddin Juromurodovich (2024) - Agriculture, investment activity, sectoral development, regional development, efficiency. Developing innovative approaches to increasing investment activity in the agricultural network, improving the style of using the Agriculture Orientation Index (AOI) in evaluating the effectiveness of investment activity in the general national economy, evaluating the relative efficiency of agricultural-oriented investments, making and implementing decisions aimed at improving network investment activity are counted as crucial. Keywords: agriculture; development; economy; efficiency; investment; management; network; policy; region; sector
• DEVELOPING COUNTRIES CAN BENEFIT FROM FREE TRADE ZONES UNDER THE CHALLENGES OF THE ECONOMIC SYSTEM by Researcher: Ziad Sabah Ali; Zelal Zein Alia (2024) - The policy of economic reform and openness in China was an essential introduction to the system (market socialism) based on the reform mechanisms represented by free economic areas, which were represented by foreign investments and foreign companies. These areas are usually prepared in the cities of industrial areas or in The areas where technology are in particular active and manufacturing poles have been established for economic areas in the geographical areas operating in China, as great advantages have been achieved for companies operating in these areas, which are close to the main borders of international ports and airports, the goods that can be emptied, and treated. Keywords: areas; china; chinese; countries; debt; development; economic; economy; growth; investments; trade; trade areas; world; zones
• PRIORITY AREAS OF THE GREEN ECONOMY IN SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT by Ibragimova Saodat Abdumuminovna (2024) - The main obstacles to green economic growth may be the presence of technological barriers, low innovation potential, lack of demand for innovative products and scientific discoveries, and generally low economic returns from environmentally oriented innovations. The main stages of a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of environmental policy and green growth are selecting priority indicators of the environmental effectiveness of green growth, determining the level of effectiveness with their help, and comparing performance indicators to set targets. Keywords: development; economy; energy; environmental; green
• ENHANCING MARKETING STRATEGY AND ROLE OF COMPLIANCE AND ITS IMPACT ON MONETARY DEVELOPMENT by Salman abed Hadi; Basim Hanoon Jasim; Kawther Jawad Yousif (2024) - It focuses on the importance of the impact of marketing dimensions (Proactiveness-PR, Focus-FO and Innovativeness- IN) on Monetary Development (MD) through employee Compliance (CO) in working within the organization to achieve employee satisfaction. Encourage Wong et al (2020), the use of marketing dimensions (Proactiveness-PR, Focus-FO and Innovativeness- IN) to influence Monetary Development (MD). Keywords: business; company; compliance; development; dimensions; economics; journal; management; marketing; researcher; results; study
• THE ROLE OF STRATEGIC THINKING SKILLS IN DEVELOPING CREATIVE BEHAVIOR-AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF THE OPINIONS OF LEADERS WORKING AT AL-MUTHANNA UNIVERSITY by Ali Abd Al Razaq Alaboody; Muthana Tawfeeq Abdul-Hassan; Dhrgham Ibrahim AL.Shukri (2024) - Strategic thinking is also a cognitive approach that attempts to discover everything new and unconventional in terms of competitive methods, and strategic thinking consists of insight into the present and future (Tatari, 2023:2). The current research aims to identify the role of strategic thinking skills in their dimensions (reflection, systematic thinking, reframing) in developing creative behavior in its dimensions (exploratory creative behavior, investment creative behavior). Keywords: behavior; business; development; journal; management; research; skills; study; thinking; thinking skills; university
• PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY AND COMPETENCES OF LEADING PERSONNEL by Xusanov Azimjon Nozimjonovich (2024) - Over 100 years of research on leadership competencies have identified and outlined the successful abilities and skills associated with leadership effectiveness. Better leadership is a result of focusing on skill development and leadership competencies. Keywords: business; competencies; development; intelligence; journal; leadership; management; organizations; skills
• CHANGES IN MANAGEMENT AS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF CORPORATIONS by Yusupkhodjaeva Gulchekhra Baxadirxodjaevna; Turaev O. A. (2022) - In this article, we consider the concept of corporate governance as well as its development in Uzbekistan. It also briefly discusses the history of corporate governance and the importance of applying the principles of corporate governance in the activities of companies. Keywords: corporations; development; governance; management
• GOVERNANCE MODELS FOR SUCCESSFUL PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN RURAL SUSTAINABILITY PROJECTS by Mrs Nnabugwu Obiageli Chinwe; Udochukwu Precious Nwakodo (2024) - Here are some key reasons why governance is crucial in rural sustainability projects: • Stakeholder engagement and community participation: Rural sustainability projects often involve diverse stakeholders, including local communities, government agencies, private organizations, and civil society groups. Capacity building and stakeholder engagement Training and skill development: Effective governance models recognize the importance of capacity building for successful PPPs in rural sustainability projects (Brinkerhoff & Brinkerhoff, 2011). Keywords: communities; development; governance; governance models; management; models; partnerships; ppps; projects; sector; stakeholders; sustainability
• ENTERPRISE MARKETING (ON THE EXAMPLE OF UZBEKISTAN) by Alikulov Samar (2022) - To determine the real contribution of transnational companies to the modernization and development of the economy and society, it is necessary to develop a methodology for evaluating performance. Currently, transnational corporations identify a number of global trends that have the greatest impact on changes in strategy and enhance the role of corporations in the socio-economic development of society. Keywords: company; corporations; development; management
• THE INFLUENCE OF THE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10015:2019 DIMENSIONS ON ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS THROUGH THE MEDIATING ROLE OF ADMINISTRATIVE EMPOWERMENT: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY IN THE MAYORALTY OF BAGHDAD by Mohammed Thaer Ali; Dr. Raoudha Kammoun (2024) - Administrative empowerment also affects organizational effectiveness in the second track, and the two dimensions of the international standard (ISO 10015:2019) directly affect Organizational effectiveness in the third path. The current study aims to determine the influence of the dimensions of the international standard ISO 10015:2019, represented by its provisions (competence management, competence management, and individual development) on organizational effectiveness through the mediating role of administrative empowerment in the Mayoralty of Baghdad, where the study is applied. Keywords: administrative; competence; development; effectiveness; empowerment; individual; international; iso; journal; level; management; organization; standard; study
• SOME ASPECTS OF THE IMPACT OF ALGORITHMIC SYSTEMS ON THE OVERALL TAX COMPETITIVENESS INDEX IN TAXATION ISSUES by Sh.V. Ganiyev; B. B. Ibragimov (2024) - Sh.V. Ganiyev International School of Finance Technology and Science, Professor B. B. Ibragimov International School of Finance Technology and Science, PhD A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S Research carried out by the International Center for tax and development (ICTD) has shown that only 23% of developing countries have approved a strategy for digitalization and development of tax administration. But in the context of the digital economy, the issues of improving the elements of tax administration are poorly studied as a holistic system in the direction of automation and digital transformation, as a scientific study. Keywords: administration; development; international; issues; management; research; system; tax
• ISLAMIC FINANCE AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION TO OUR COUNTRY by Yusufov Isfandiyor (2024) - Characteristics of Islamic and traditional banks Characteristics Islamic banks Traditional banks Guaranteed payments on demand deposits Available Available Guaranteed payments on investment deposits Not available Available Interest rate on deposits Not available Specified and guaranteed The mechanism for determining the interest rate on deposits The profitability of the bank is determined by the profitability of investments It does not depend on the profitability of the bank Participation of depositors in bank profits and losses Available Not available Use of Islamic financial products Available Not applicable The right of the bank to make a decision on granting a loan depending on the collateral With the participation of depositors in the profits and losses of an Islamic bank, it often does not have the right to discriminate against customers based on their provision. The activities of Islamic financial institutions are becoming more diverse and complex [1]. Keywords: banking; countries; development; finance; financing; islamic; issuance; market; sukuk; volume
• PROSPECTS OF USING INNOVATIVE AND CLUSTER METHODS IN ENSURING FOOD SAFETY BASED ON THE PROCESSING INDUSTRY IN UZBEKISTAN by Kobilova Nasiba Khurramovna (2024) - Of course, based on the above goals, the following measures should be implemented in the innovative development of the food industry: 1) Establishment of new food industry enterprises based on modern digital (economical) technologies, modernization of existing ones and strengthening of local raw material base; 2) study of foreign experiences on improvement of small and medium-sized food processing and production enterprises along with food industry clusters and organize their effective use in the conditions of Uzbekistan; 3) Acceleration of providing necessary support by the state in the direction of modernization and capitalization of technologically outdated or incapacitated food enterprises; 4) Attracting investments, in particular, creating a favorable environment for foreign investors and creating additional opportunities for local investors, as well as comprehensive support for investment projects, etc. Because only the use of innovations (technologies) ensures the dynamic development of food industry clusters and their competitiveness in domestic and foreign markets, and on this basis, their sustainable development. Keywords: cluster; development; enterprises; food; food industry; food safety; industry; processing; products; safety
• PROSPECTS FOR DIVERSIFICATION AND SUPPLY OF ENERGY OF UZBEKISTAN BASED ON WORLD EXPERIENCE by Jurayev Lazizjon Egamberdiyevich (2024) - Through a comprehensive literature review and comparative analysis, the study finds that Uzbekistan has strong potential to expand its use of renewable energy, particularly solar and wind power, as well as to boost energy efficiency across the industrial, buildings, and transportation sectors. Uzbekistan should also prioritize energy efficiency as a cost-effective and high-impact way to reduce energy intensity and enhance energy security. Keywords: development; efficiency; energy; sector; uzbekistan
• THE ROLE OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN THE COUNTRY'S INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT by Sharipova Dilfuza Jumaniozovna (2024) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 24, | May - 2024 P a g e | 69 www.americanjournal.org THE ROLE OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN THE COUNTRY'S INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT Sharipova Dilfuza Jumaniozovna, Senior Lecturer of the Institute of Social and Economic Sciences A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S Of course, in this process, the government will encourage the expansion of investments in economic sectors, further improve the investment environment, support the development of enterprises with foreign investment, including the formation and implementation of a single investment policy, favorable conditions for all parties. Keywords: activities; activity; country; development; dollars; economy; investment; projects
• ANALYSIS OF PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT IN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES ON THE BASIS OF EFFICIENT USE OF LOCAL RESOURCES (BY KASHADARYO REGION) by Izbasarov Bahadir Ergashovich (2024) - Kashkadarya Region analyzed the dynamics of the volume of industrial products and growth rates of industrial products production by region. Various theoretical concepts of industrial production enterprises are analyzed with the wide use of methods such as comparative analysis, regional planning document analysis, correlational analysis, grouping method, systematization of research results. Keywords: development; economic; factors; production; products; resources; volume
• CURRENT STATE OF FINANCING THE ACTIVITIES OF SCHOOL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN UZBEKISTAN by Khalilova Shokhsanam Gayrat kizi (2024) - The article examines the opinions of the world's leading scientists on financing the activities of preschool education organizations in Uzbekistan, analyzes the number of children covered by preschool education organizations and the preschool education system during the years 2017–2023, analyzes the main directions and goals of using public-private partnership mechanisms in the field of preschool education, draws justified conclusions and develops proposals for financing the activities of preschool education organizations in Uzbekistan, and gives recommendations for their application in our country. Over the past period, a number of positive results have been achieved in the direction of radical reform of the preschool education system, the expansion of the network of preschool education organizations, and ensuring a wider coverage of children with preschool education. Keywords: development; education; education organizations; education system; financing; organizations; preschool; state; system
• STRATEGIES IN THE FIELD OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN by Khamdamova Gavhar Absamatovna (2024) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 25, | June - 2024 P a g e | 11 www.americanjournal.org STRATEGIES IN THE FIELD OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN Khamdamova Gavhar Absamatovna, Candidate of Economics, Professor, Tashkent State University of Economics, gavkharxamdamova@gmail.com ORCID: 0000-0002-0690-6845 A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article analyzes the aspects of systematization and implementation of strategies in the energy sector and improvement of energy efficiency in the republic. Methodology The research work was based on scientific publications by Russian and foreign authors concerning the classification of energy policy and energy efficiency, as well as legislative and other regulatory documents. Keywords: development; efficiency; electricity; energy; energy efficiency; energy sector; sector; uzbekistan
• WAYS TO IMPROVE THE FINANCIAL EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF INVESTMENTS IN THE SECTORS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY by Namozov Olim Botirovich (2024) - According to him, he explains: investment activity, or in other words, private investment activity (investing) manifests itself as a process of transformation of investment resources into investments Investment, investor, investment activity, financing, investment projects, sources of financing, stock markets, real investments, financial investments. Keywords: activity; development; economy; financing; investment
• POSSIBILITIES OF IMPROVING THE SYSTEM AND CONCEPT OF HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE ENTERPRISE by Hamrokulov M. O. (2024) - Human capital development system, similar to the biological one, can indicate the following levels (in accordance with the purposeful determination of the activity): 1. Human capital development systems It should be noted that within the human capital development system, the efforts of the participants are combined and create synergistic effects that can be manifested in the qualitative growth of human capital through the acquisition of skills, professional competences, experience, expansion of professional and professional potential, communication skills. Keywords: capital; capital development; development; development system; economics; enterprise; knowledge; research; skills; system
• PROBLEMS IN INVESTMENT SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AND THEIR ELIMINATION METHODS by Khusanov Fakhriddin (2024) - Collaborative efforts between financial institutions, regulators and technology providers are critical to driving innovation, improving regulatory compliance and strengthening risk management systems. Here are some common problems and potential priorities: • Risk management: one of the main challenges in the financial credit system is the management of various risks, including credit risk, market risk, liquidity risk and operational risk. Keywords: credit; development; institutions; management; risk; stability; system
• GREEN BUDGETING AS A NEW TOOL OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND THE PRACTICE OF ITS APPLICATION IN UZBEKISTAN by Ismailova Nasiba Komildjanovna (2024) - In this article, the transition to a green economy in order to ensure the stability of the economy, prevention of climate change, inclusive economic growth, the use of budget and fiscal policy tools to achieve environmental goals and the transition to green budgeting practice in Uzbekistan, the advantages of green budgeting, and the issues that exist during the transition to this practice are highlighted. Economic stability, inclusive growth, renewable energy, public finance, budget policy, environmental budget, public sector entities, public budget funds, green economy, green budgeting, green bonds. Keywords: budgeting; climate; development; economy; management; uzbekistan
• PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVING EMPLOYMENT COMPOSITION AND INCREASE EFFICIENCY IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY by Kholmuminov Aktam Kholmuminovich (2024) - Analysis of literature on the topic The task of this research work is to reveal the specific features of labor force employment problems in the current period of reforms, which are influenced by globalization processes, to continue the detailed and methodological analysis of the structure of employment in connection with the cyclical development of the economy, property reforms, liberalization of the economy, modernization, and structural changes. The article is devoted to employment issues and the economic essence of effective employment, one of the most important indicators of intellectual capital, taking into account the specifics of labor and real structural changes in the economy. Keywords: development; economy; employment; labor; market
• DIGITAL BANKING TECHNOLOGIES AND THEM DIRECTIONS FOR EFFECTIVE USE IN THE ACTIVITIES OF COMMERCIAL BANKS by Qosimova Mohigul Abduhamidovna (2024) - The scientific views of foreign and domestic scientists on banking technologies are deeply studied, analyzed and author's opinions are expressed. In addition, scientifically based suggestions on the effective use of banking technologies have been developed. Keywords: banking; banks; customer; development; information; management; mobile; period; services; technologies; technology; use
• DIRECTIONS FOR THE EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION OF A MODERN LOGISTICS SYSTEM IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EXPORTS OF NATIONAL PRODUCTS by Kholmatov Muhriddin Mumin ugli (2024) - Innovative logistics systems are closely interrelated and emerge directly in the organizational system of turnover, which allows you to create an integral chain of processes in the field of structural innovation in logistics. Improving the management of logistics processes through the application of various innovations aimed at improving the quality of customer service, as well as the ability to increase the efficiency of logistics processes and reduce costs from logistics processes reveals. Keywords: country; development; economy; logistics; transport
• SECTORAL BANK CREDIT AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA by Okwuosa, Galeed Idowu; Ifeosame, Samuel Nwaoha (2024) - The causality result revealed absence of causality among sectoral bank credit to agricultural sector and economic development as well between sectoral bank credit to manufacturing sector and economic development as seen in Joseph (2020) who reported absence of causality among bank loan and growth in Tanzania while a unidirectional causality was observed between sectoral bank credit to mining and quarrying and economic development as seen in Paul (2017) with causality flowing from mining and quarrying sector bank credit to economic development implying that bank credit to mining and American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 26 July - 2024 P a g e | 12 www.americanjournal.org quarrying sector promotes/ support economic development while economic development on the other hand do not support/promote credit to mining and quarrying. The debate on the issue of sectoral bank credit and economic development has over the years drawn attention of academicians and policy makers across nations with varying opinion motivated our interest in re-examining the link between sectoral bank credit and economic development in Nigeria from 1986 to 2021 using the Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) along with its associated long run bond test and the Granger causality test as estimation techniques. Keywords: bank; bank credit; causality; credit; development; general; growth; journal; nigeria; sector
• INVESTING BASED ON ESG FACTORS: METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH by Nasirov Egamkul (2024) - | 21 www.americanjournal.org - at the initial stage, large and medium-sized business entities, and at the next stage, all small business entities submit an ESG report; - reflection of ESG factors in the feasibility study (business plan) of medium and large investment projects; - to study the compliance of projects with ESG standards when allocating loans to medium and large investment projects by commercial banks; inclusion of ESG principles in the requirements of investment portfolio formation by commercial banks, insurance companies and investment funds. In this way, ESG standards have an impact on decisions regarding the direction of the company’s ESG strategy. Keywords: companies; development; esg; factors; investment; principles; reporting; standards
• DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF SECURITY ACTIVITY IN UZBEKISTAN by Kenjayev Ilhom Giyozovich; Ganiyev Shahriddin Vokhidovich (2024) - Insurance, insurance activity, insurance companies, voluntary insurance, compulsory insurance, insurance premium, insurance payments, insurance control. Important changes characteristic of the second stage of the development of insurance activity include the fundamental reform of state insurance bodies and the establishment of large insurance companies with the participation of state capital on its basis. Keywords: development; insurance; insurance activity; insurance companies; republic; state; uzbekistan
• THE ROLE OF INVESTMENT PROJECTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMY OF UZBEKISTAN by Mamatov Bahadir Safaraliyevich; Ganiev Shakhriddin Vakhidovich (2024) - Investment projects implemented by enterprises (firms) differ in: 1) content: investment projects are divided into enterprise expansion (development) projects and rehabilitation (rehabilitation) projects. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 27, | August - 2024 P a g e | 29 www.americanjournal.org THE ROLE OF INVESTMENT PROJECTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMY OF UZBEKISTAN Mamatov Bahadir Safaraliyevich DSc, Keywords: business; development; implementation; investment; management; project; uzbekistan; volume
• METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF INFORMATION AND DIGITALIZATION ON AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT by Rajamuradov Kh. Z. (2024) - [0, 1]; When C = 1, the level of communication reaches the maximum level, in which the interaction between agricultural informatization and agricultural economic development reaches the maximum level, and when C = 0, the level of communication reaches the minimum value, which indicates the absence of interaction between the level of agricultural information and agricultural economic development. × 𝑇 American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 27 August - 2024 P a g e | 43 www.americanjournal.org where T is a comprehensive index of agricultural informatization and economic development of agriculture; U1 - comprehensive assessment index of agricultural information; U2 - comprehensive assessment index of economic development of agriculture; and, in turn, the contribution coefficients of 𝛼, 𝛽agricultural informatization and agricultural economic development. Keywords: coordination; degree; development; index; information; informatization; level; value
• SUPPLIER DEVELOPMENT AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE OF FERTILIZER MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA by Hilary Waite Isoghom (2024) - Supplier development refers to manufacturers' endeavours to enhance supplier performance by expanding their supplier base. Effect of supplier development on supplier performance: A study of Food Manufacturing Companies in Kisumu County. Keywords: chain; development; extent; journal; management; manufacturing; performance; study; supplier; supplier development; supply
• CONTRADICTORY APPROACH TO PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN BUKHARA by Toshov Jasur Khudayberdiyevich (2024) - This tension creates a unique set of contradictions for project managers working on development projects in the region. It examines how these contradictions manifest in the planning and execution of development projects, focusing on the challenges of integrating modern project management techniques with traditional cultural and socio-economic values. Keywords: approach; bukhara; contradictions; development; management; preservation; project; stakeholder; study
• THE ROLE OF INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL BUSINESSES by M. M. Dadaboyeva (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 38, July - 2025 P a g e | 73 www.americanjournal.org THE ROLE OF INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL BUSINESSES M. M. Dadaboyeva Associate Professor of the Department of “Economics” Andijan State Technical Institute, Uzbekistan, Andijan A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article comprehensively analyzes the role of infrastructure in the innovative development of small businesses. Based on foreign experience, the article outlines ways to further develop the infrastructure for innovative support of small businesses in Uzbekistan. Keywords: business; development; entrepreneurship; infrastructure; innovation; role
• PROBLEMS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ISLAMIC BANKING by Убайдуллаева Мафтунахон Акмалхон кизи (2024) - In order to attract them to the economy of Uzbekistan, it is necessary to make some amendments to the legislation to create conditions for the development of Islamic banking. Islamic banking, Islamic finance, banking sector, instalments, bank. Keywords: banking; development; finance; islamic; system; uzbekistan
• THE PRACTICE OF ATTRACTING EXTRABUDGETARY FUNDING FOR HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS by Alisher Bakberganovich Sherov (2024) - If we take into account that we took public higher education institutions as the object of the study and the indicators of the analysis are also related to public higher education institutions, the positive situation is that 70 percent of the revenues of higher education institutions are formed at the expense of the payment contract, we cannot assess this. In addition, a comparative analysis of extra-budgetary funds, their composition and main indicators in the income of higher education institutions was conducted. Keywords: development; education; education institutions; financing; funds; institutions; state
• BRIDGING BORDERS: THE IMPACT OF GLOBAL TRADE ON NIGERIA’S ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT by Jaho Philip; Mojekwu, Ogechukwu Rita (2024) - Moreover, many of these studies are primarily concerned with macroeconomic performance indicators such as employment or economic growth, with limited attention to the broader concept of economic development, which includes improvements in living standards, GDP per capita, and societal well-being. This study examined the relationship between international trade and economic development in Nigeria from 1985 to 2022. Keywords: ardl; capita; countries; development; economic; exchange; growth; income; journal; nigeria; poverty; rate; relationship; trade
• POSSIBILITIES OF BANKS TO INCREASE LENDING EFFICIENCY OF TERRITORIES by Buribaev Erkinjon Narbay ugli (2024) - It is important to strengthen the cooperation between commercial banks and the state, as well as to apply the experience of developed countries, in order to effectively establish regional lending and further develop it. Infrastructure development is another important factor affecting the efficiency of regional lending. Keywords: development; lending; loans; regions
• DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL ECONOMY IN UZBEKISTAN by Senior Teacher T. S. Saidmuradova; Student M. Sh. Toshtemirova (2024) - Digital economy, development of digital economy, main indicators of digital economy, criteria of digital economy, electronic business, electronic commerce. Toshtemirova Tashkent Textile and Light Industry Institute A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article presents the concept of digital economy, definitions of digital economy, development of digital economy, number of internet users, implementation of digital economy program, main indicators and criteria of digital economy. Keywords: business; development; digital; economy
• OPPORTUNITIES TO INCREASE INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS IN UZBEKISTAN by Mizamova Umida Jamoliddinovna (2024) - Attracting foreign investments is also very important for such large-scale works. In particular, in the 26th goal of the Development Strategy, it is planned to further improve the investment environment in the country and increase its attractiveness, to take measures to attract 120 billion US dollars, including 70 billion dollars of foreign investments in the next five years. Keywords: business; development; environment; investment; investors
• SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES AS DRIVERS OF REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: BEST PRACTICES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR UZBEKISTAN by Khatamova Manzura Ochildiyevna (2024) - This document reviews existing practices of SEZ establishment using examples from successful countries, including China and South Korea, and explains how SEZs contribute to regional economic development. A C T K E Y W O R D S Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are considered effective tools for promoting industrialization and structural transformation, provided they are implemented appropriately in the right context. Keywords: crossref; development; sezs; zones; зоны
• GREEN TOURISM: NEW HORIZONS FOR THE ECONOMY OF KARAKALPAKSTAN by Sobirova Nilufar Bekpo‘lat qizi (2024) - Green tourism could support environmental efforts by raising awareness and funding for conservation projects, thus transforming Karakalpakstan’s economic model from resource extraction to sustainable tourism development. Employment in sustainable tourism could help diversify the regional economy, which is currently reliant on agriculture and limited industries Keywords: development; eco; environmental; green; karakalpakstan; tourism; vol
• THE ROLE OF ELECTRONIC COMMERCE SITES AND MARKETPLACES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL BUSINESS IN UZBEKISTAN by Rizayeva Nilufar Oblakulovna (2024) - Electronic commerce - (e-commerce, visual. Internet auction and e-Bay online store are examples of electronic commerce. Keywords: business; commerce; development; products; uzbekistan
• THE BASIS OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF THE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SERVICE FIELD ASPECTS by Tukhliyev Bakhtiyot Makhmaziyaevich (2024) - we consider the content of the first element of the proposed model (innovation strategy), the management of service sector organizations (legislative and executive authorities) should develop an innovation strategy based on the primary role of innovation in the development of the company (or industry). Service sector is still not sufficiently studied. Keywords: development; innovation; management; sector; service
• VIEWS OF THE MANIFESTATIONS OF THE ENLIGHTENMENT AND THE JADIDISM MOVEMENT ON THE PATH TO HUMAN SPIRITUAL PERFECTION by Salamov Khurshid Bariddinovich (2024) - They sought to introduce new methods and concepts for spiritual development in society. They played an important role in promoting cultural progress and introducing new spiritual values into society. Keywords: behbudi; development; education; enlightenment; people; science; society
• THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN DRIVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT by Kahramonova Nasiba (2024) - It also discusses the policy and ethical American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 31 December - 2024 P a g e | 27 www.americanjournal.org considerations necessary for ensuring that AI technologies contribute to a more equitable and sustainable future. 3.2 Digital Divide Access to AI technologies is unevenly distributed, with developing countries often lacking the infrastructure and expertise needed to implement AI solutions. Keywords: climate; data; development; energy; journal
• THE CONCEPT OF FINANCIAL STABILITY OF INSURANCE COMPANIES AND ITS THEORETICAL BASIS by Khakberdiyev Bekzod Uktamovich (2024) - Insurance companies, insurance premium, insurance obligation, financial stability, insurance activities, ensuring stability, financial resources, investments. In implementing the set tasks, a number of goals are included: increasing the role of the insurance sector, studying and discussing international experience in protecting the real sector of the economy, foreign and domestic investments, small businesses and private entrepreneurship through insurance, developing insurance services provided to citizens and increasing the insurance culture of the population, improving prudential norms for regulating the insurance market, and digitizing insurance activities and ensuring information security. Keywords: activities; companies; development; factors; insurance; market; stability
• THE ROLE OF ELECTRONIC COMMERCE SITES AND MARKETPLACES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL BUSINESS IN UZBEKISTAN by Rizayeva Nilufar Oblakulovna (2024) - Electronic commerce - (e-commerce, visual. Internet auction and e-Bay online store are examples of electronic commerce. Keywords: business; commerce; development; market; products; uzbekistan
• ISSUES OF DEVELOPING "GREEN" FINANCE IN UZBEKISTAN by DSc Abdurakhimova Dilora Karimovna (2024) - The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development links green finance and investment to green development, which means achieving economic growth while reducing pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, minimizing waste, and increasing the efficiency of natural resource use4. This increase is due to record sales of green bonds. Keywords: bonds; development; finance; financing; green
• PROSPECTS FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF ISLAMIC FINANCIAL SERVICES TO THE COUNTRY’S FINANCIAL AND CREDIT SYSTEM by Аbduvosidova Gulandom Abdurashid kizi (2025) - Bahrain is recognized as the global leader in Islamic finance, ranking 2nd in MENA and 4th globally for Islamic finance development (ICD 2022). The distinctive features of Islamic and traditional banks are analyzed and the current state of development of Islamic finance in the global economy was studied. Keywords: banking; development; finance; financial; interest; islamic; services; uzbekistan
• EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION OF MANAGEMENT OF A MODERN HOUSING STOCK by Berdiyeva Dilfuza Akhatovna (2025) - Considering theseto make scientific proposals and practical recommendations based on the results of the analysis conducted by the researcher in connection with the effective organization of housing fund management. There are many techniques and methods of housing management that can be used in both urban and rural areas. Keywords: development; fund; housing; housing fund; housing stock; management; stock
• WORLD EXPERIENCE IN OVERCOMING FOREIGN INVESTMENT ATTRACTION AND FACTORS AFFECTING FOREIGN INVESTMENT ATTRACTION by Olimbekov Odilbek Saidmurodovich (2025) - The factors influencing the attraction of foreign investment and world experience in eliminating them are also studied. Foreign investment is one of the main drivers of economic development and is of important importance for stabilizing the regional economy, job creation and innovative development. Keywords: development; economy; investment; volume; year
• REGULATORY LEGAL PROTECTION OF OWNERSHIP AND ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY IN UZBEKISTAN by S. A. Khamraev (2025) - Regulatory legal acts of the central executive bodies are published in the “Bulletin of regulatory legal acts of the central executive bodies of the Republic of Uzbekistan”issued by the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The availability of business depends on the stability of state ownership and partnership. Keywords: activity; business; development; entrepreneurship; ownership; republic; state; uzbekistan
• THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION ON INCREASING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES by Matchanova Feruza Abadovna (2025) - Digital transformation is defined as the process of business changes caused by the introduction of digital technologies. Digital transformation includes the stages of digitization of information, data processing in digital format and the integration of digital technologies into the information and communication infrastructure. Keywords: business; competitiveness; development; economy; ict; information; management; technologies; transformation
• ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR: CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS AND EMPIRICAL RESEARCH by Khamdamova Gavkhar Absamatovna (2025) - The necessity of improving energy efficiency in the domestic industrial sector is substantiated, which requires a thorough theoretical analysis of the meaning and interrelation of the relevant concepts, as well as studying the current state and forecasting changes in the field of energy efficiency. In today's world, where the competitive environment is becoming increasingly tense, the importance of energy efficiency and energy-saving technologies for various sectors of the economy and industry is growing. Keywords: consumption; development; economy; efficiency; energy; energy efficiency; resources; use
• PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPING ECOTOURISM AND THE TECHNOLOGY OF USING NATURAL RESOURCES IN THE TERRITORIES OF SURKHANDARYA REGION by Bunyod O‘tkirovich Abdullayev (2025) - Ensuring financial and logistical harmonization Rational use of natural tourism and tourism resources Sustainable development of tourist areas and facilities, local communities Increasing the competitiveness of the ecotourism market in Surkhandarya region Promotion of an active and healthy lifestyle Increasing ecotourism products Conservation of biodiversity and unique landscapes Improving service quality and tourist safety Development of personnel and infrastructure Consequently, the prospects for achieving sustainability and high profitability in the sector can be predicted after the above-mentioned norms for the rational use of natural resources and the safe development of tourism, in particular ecotourism, are implemented at the appropriate level. It is worth highlighting some aspects of the above-mentioned issues, the implementation of which will allow to direct tourism development towards a sustainable and balanced path: - activation of the general state policy in the field of ecotourism and improvement of the system of regulation of ecotourism activities; - finding a source of financial support from state and territorial authorities for the development of ecotourism; - to improve the information and advertising system and attract various types of investments; - compliance with various international standards in the implementation of ecotourism activities, creation of appropriate infrastructure; Programme for the development of eco-tourism in the region Structural changes in tourism Achieving sustainable economic development Identification of directions for the development of recreation zones and eco-tourism in the region Development of innovative system of production and introduction of tourism technologies green Promotion of competition Entrepreneurial activity and investment activity Technological modernization of economy American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 33 February - 2025 P a g e | 6 www.americanjournal.org - improving the quality of tourist services through standardization, certification and licensing of ecotourism activities; - to ensure high-quality training and employment of highly qualified personnel. Keywords: business; development; ecotourism; energy; goal; region; resources; surkhandarya; tourism; use
• SCIENTIFIC-THEORETICAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL-LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITY FINANCING by Amanova Dilafruz O’tkurovna (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 33, February - 2025 P a g e | 53 www.americanjournal.org SCIENTIFIC-THEORETICAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL-LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITY FINANCING Amanova Dilafruz O’tkurovna TGEU “Valuation and Investments” Department PhD Candidate at the Foundational Stage A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article examines the foundations of investment financing in Uzbekistan, its theoretical aspects, and promising directions. The article examines current trends, theoretical concepts, and organizational foundations of investment financing, taking into account Uzbekistan's national context and international experience. Keywords: capital; development; financing; investment; projects; uzbekistan; volume
• A STUDY ON PERSONALITY TYPE AND TOURISM EXPECTATIONS OF LOCAL PEOPLE: THE CASE OF UZBEKISTAN-KOKAND by Prof. Dr. Nurettin Ayaz; Eldorbek Karimov (2025) - In this study, which was designed with this thought in mind, the tourism expectations of the local people of Kokand, which is believed to have potential opportunities for tourism growth in Uzbekistan, are approached in terms of personality types and it is aimed to support tourism development. However, tourism development also brings some disadvantages to host communities. Keywords: city; development; expectations; journal; kokand; management; people; personality; personality type; region; relationship; research; tourism; tourism development; tourism expectations; type
• OBJECTIVES OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION by Rakhmonov DJobir Amonovich (2022) - So, according to the World Bank, total exports exceeded imports in general in mutual trade and their approach to world prices, you can also see several factors, such as: high economic compatibility of production potential, self-sufficiency and mutual complementarity of national economies. Strategy, economic mechanism, development factors, competitiveness, complexity, productive knowledge, integration, synergetic effect, small economy, economic instruments, financial instruments. Keywords: countries; development; economy
• HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT COUNCILS, RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA by Maxwell Nwinye (2024) - Organizational performance is accomplished through indicators like employee satisfaction, customer satisfaction, innovation, effectiveness, and efficiency (Kenny, 2019). However, for the purpose of this work, the focus is on two measures of organizational performance such as employee satisfaction and customer satisfaction. Keywords: councils; customer; development; employees; government; human; organization; performance; resource; satisfaction; training
• PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES by Yuldashova Gavkhar Khusnitdinovna (2025) - In Europe, the works of such authors as J. Roland, E. Berglof, M. Aoki, K. Hyung, D. Begg, R. Portes focus on the problems of development of corporate relations in Eastern European countries.3 The document Principles of Corporate Governance is recognized as the only global standard on corporate governance, in which corporate governance is described as follows: Corporate governance is one of the key elements of economic efficiency and growth, as well as strengthening investor confidence.4 Among the organizations whose activities are aimed at generating income and other benefits for their participants, corporations, in fact, began to play the role of coordinators of the economic life of the state and manage property. The effectiveness of modernization processes in corporate governance is directly related to the success of corporate companies. Keywords: companies; company; development; governance; management; production; quality; system
• CURRENT ISSUES OF DIGITAL ECONOMY AND DIGITAL TRANFORMATION by Baratov Diyorbek son of Fazliddin (2025) - In order to develop the digital economy in the future, it is necessary to pay attention to the following areas: • Development and support of digital infrastructure by the state; • Active involvement of the private sector in digital transformation; • When building digital economy platforms, it is necessary to focus on the following areas: telecommunications, energy, transport, health, taxation and taxation, drug logistics, data processing, tourism, foreign economic activity, real estate sales and production. Keywords: development; economics; economy; state; technologies
• STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF SECTORS IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT by Ruziyev Alisher Ibroimovich (2025) - Years The rate of change of GDP and GVA, % Sectors Share of GVA in GDP, % Share of industry value added, % GDP GVA across all sectors of which in industry across all sectors of which in industry Networks are in CLS In the volume of industrial production A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2010 107,1 107,5 105,9 88,0 16,5 This was achieved through structural changes in industrial sectors that produce the main industrial products for both domestic and foreign markets. Keywords: development; industrial; industry; production; uzbekistan; value; volume
• HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT IS AT THE CENTER OF OUR GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY by Fayzieva Dilafruz Shukhratovna (2025) - Human capital, employment, social protection, investment, economic growth, economic regions. Human capital includes assets such as education, training, intelligence, skills, health, and others such as loyalty and loyalty to employers. Keywords: capital; country; development; economic; economy; education; growth; health; population
• DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT OF DIVIDEND POLICY IN JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN by Shermukhamedov Akmal Komiljonovich (2025) - Below are the main types of dividend policy and methods of dividend payments. Table 1 Main types of dividend policy and methods of dividend payments3 № Types of dividend policy Methods of dividend payments 1 Aggressive policy A. Method of constant percentage distribution of profits B. Methodology for the constant growth of dividend payments. Keywords: development; dividend; net; payment; policy
• BANKING SYSTEM IN UZBEKISTAN: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS by Nurimuhammadjon Sarvarovich Nosirjonov (2025) - Banking system, digitalization, commercial bank, state bank, finances, economy. International experience and best practices in banking systems have attracted the interest of some scholars (H. Ismailov, R. Jumaniyazov, et al.). Keywords: banking; banks; challenges; development; state; system; uzbekistan
• THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY IN UZBEKISTAN by Salima Khashimova (2025) - A key area for applying circular economy principles is within industrial complexes, which are a major aspect of economic development in most countries. Currently, work is underway with government agencies on an action plan for implementing circular economy principles within the agro-food value chain Keywords: development; economy; management; materials; resources; uzbekistan; waste
• DEVELOPMENT OF THE SECURITIES MARKET IN UZBEKISTAN: IMPROVEMENT OF THE REGULATORY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND DIGITALIZATION TRENDS by F. Muxamedov; A. Ibodullayev (2025) - Securities market, internal control, digital identification, stock exchange, regulatory and legal framework, AML/CFT, KYC, FATF, Uzbekistan, digitalization. Internal control measures have strengthened market security, and digital identification has opened new opportunities for investors. Keywords: development; exchange; market; securities; stock; uzbekistan
• ON THE WAY TO AN EFFECTIVE MECHANISM OF TAX ADMINISTRATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITALIZATION by Abdusherozov Abdullo Baxtiyorovich (2025) - Tax system, taxes, taxation, tax administration, tax regulation, taxpayer. These determined the tasks of strategic planning and forecasting of effective tax policy by the state. Keywords: development; economy; system; tax; taxation; taxes
• THE ESSENCE, CLASSIFICATION, AND OPERATIONAL MECHANISMS OF ISLAMIC FINANCE INSTRUMENTS by Safarova Nasiba Gulmurod qizi (2025) - The study underscores the significance of Islamic financial instruments in contributing to financial inclusion, economic justice, and sustainable development, while also identifying key challenges in standardization, regulation, and awareness that must be addressed to realize the full potential of Islamic finance globally. The analysis is structured around the IMRAD framework, facilitating a comprehensive exploration of both theoretical and applied aspects of Islamic financial instruments. Keywords: development; finance; financial; instruments; islamic; shariah
• HUMAN CAPITAL AS A STRATEGIC ASSET: THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES AND INVESTMENT IMPERATIVES IN THE CONTEXT OF LABOR PRODUCTIVITY by PhD Akhmadaliyeva Nikhola (2025) - “Human capital in a narrow sense represents a person's intellect, health, knowledge, high-quality and productive work and his quality of life, in a broad sense, human capital is an intensive production factor of economic development, development of society and family, educated part of labor resources, intellectual and management work, living and working environment” Empirical evidence consistently supports a positive correlation between human capital development and labor productivity. Keywords: capital; development; education; human; labor; productivity
• COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF THE INVESTMENT CLIMATE by Rakhmanov Sharof Diyorovich (2025) - Investment climate, investment attractiveness, investment risks, financial stability, institutional factors, political stability, economic freedom, level of corruption, inflation rate, interest rates, infrastructure development. Systemic reforms to improve the investment climate in our country, in particular, measures to improve the tax system, reduce administrative barriers to doing business, strengthen legal guarantees, and simplify bureaucratic processes, are aimed at increasing investment attractiveness. Keywords: attractiveness; climate; development; environment; factors; investment; investment attractiveness; investment climate
• REFORMING TAX POLICY FOR SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN UZBEKISTAN by Gulshahnoz Gulyamova (2025) - For developing and transitioning economies like Uzbekistan, tax policy reform is not merely a technical task but a strategic imperative to support sustainable economic development, reduce poverty, and foster social equity. Literature Review The literature on tax policy reform in developing and transition economies provides a comprehensive foundation for understanding the complexities involved in building effective and equitable fiscal systems. Keywords: administration; compliance; development; policy; reform; system; tax; uzbekistan
• GREEN ECONOMY FINANCING INSTRUMENTS AND THEIR APPLICATION ASPECTS by Marjona Gulmurodova; Mirzabek Mirzayev (2025) - Green bonds provide investors with the opportunity to receive a fixed income over a long period of time and increase their reputation for participating in green projects. “Green bonds” were first issued by the European Investment Bank and were then called “climate bonds”, later “climate bonds” and now American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 36 May- 2025 P a g e | 18 www.americanjournal.org under the general name “green bonds”. Keywords: bonds; development; economy; financing; investments; projects
• ADVANCED FOREIGN EXPERIENCES IN ATTRACTING INVESTMENTS TO THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR by Yusufjonov Ravshanbek Rustamjon ugli (2025) - The results of the conducted research and comparative studies show that the role of foreign investments in the development of the agricultural sector, unlike domestic investments, is determined by the following: – Foreign investment is an additional source of capital, significantly increasing the country's resources for the modernization and technical re-equipment of fixed assets in agriculture, ensuring the development of agriculture through the implementation of an agrarian investment policy, and filling the market with competitive goods and services; – It serves as a source of funds for the introduction of advanced technologies, know-how, modern management and marketing methods in agriculture; – The issues of training personnel who effectively use new technologies, market mechanisms and international experience in the agricultural sector are positively resolved; – It ensures the profitability of foreign investors' investments in the agricultural sector and at the same time accelerates the process of forming a favorable investment climate for local and foreign investors; – It contributes to the development of effective integration processes in agriculture, the integration of the national economy into the world economy, and supports the skillful use of the advantages of the international division of labor. [7] Indicators 2019-y. 2020-y. 2021- y. 2022- y. 2023- y. Eurasian Economic Union Fixed capital investments 348519 327723 361310 468125 456987 of which: agricultural sector 16042 15030 16663 20190 18865 Armenia Fixed capital investments 938 887 1014 1371 1579 From that: agricultural sector 40 30 41 40 33 Belarus Fixed capital investments 13788 12046 12221 10781 11911 From that: agricultural sector 1621 1574 1714 1741 1921 Kazakhstan Fixed capital investments 32859 29713 31083 33120 39543 From that: agricultural sector 1293 1369 1813 1847 2150 Kyrgyzstan Fixed capital investments 2324 1594 1452 1657 1918 From that: agricultural sector 46 30 32 37 25 Russian Federation Fixed capital investments 298610 283483 315540 421196 402036 From that: agricultural sector 13043 12027 13063 16525 14737 American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 36 May- 2025 P a g e | 53 www.americanjournal.org Keywords: agriculture; capital; development; enterprises; investments; production; sector
• DIRECTIONS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN THE REGION by Abdikarimov Islombek Ibragimovich (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 36, May - 2025 P a g e | 66 www.americanjournal.org DIRECTIONS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN THE REGION Abdikarimov Islombek Ibragimovich Ma'mun University Lecturer abdikarimov_islombek@mamunedu.uz A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article is a comprehensive study of the role and importance of human capital in modern economics. The theoretical and methodological foundations of the formation and development of human capital, its role in increasing the innovative potential of the country and its transformation in the conditions of the digital economy are studied. Keywords: capital; development; economics; education; human; uzbekistan
• EMPLOYMENT POLICY IN REGIONS AND STRATEGIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL by G’ayrat Ubaydullayev Zuvaytovich (2025) - In this context, regional employment policies play a critical role in shaping labor market dynamics and enhancing the skills and productivity of the workforce. In summary, the effectiveness of regional employment policies and human capital development strategies relies on implementing specialized programs, introducing innovations, promoting social inclusivity, and aligning education systems with labor market needs. Keywords: capital; development; employment; human; policies; region
• THE IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENTS IN THE INNOVATION ECONOMY by Asamkhodjaeva Shoira (2025) - Investing in health and well-being is also an integral part of human capital development. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 36, May - 2025 P a g e | 90 www.americanjournal.org THE IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENTS IN THE INNOVATION ECONOMY Asamkhodjaeva Shoira Senior Teacher, Tashkent Institute of Management and Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Keywords: capital; development; economic; education; growth; human
• THEORETICAL VIEWS ON MICROCREDIT AND TRENDS IN THEIR DEVELOPMENT by Dusbayev Utkir Khidirovich (2025) - If we pay attention to the stages of creation and development of microfinance organizations, the following can be cited as the main reasons that influenced these processes: - meeting the needs of individuals who do not have the opportunity to directly apply to traditional banks to obtain small microloans; - offering microfinance services to the population living in remote areas of the country; - issuance of microloans to individuals who do not have a credit history; - the process of processing loan documents and the limited number of documents in relation to commercial banks; 1 Global Economic Prospects, January 2025 / The World Bank. If we pay attention to the history and processes of development of microfinance organizations, we can see that this process does not have a very deep history. Keywords: business; development; institutions; microfinance; organizations
• DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL TOURISM RESOURCES: CURRENT OPPORTUNITIES AND PROSPECTS by Shaymanova Nigora Yusupovna (2025) - This article analyses the existing potential of regional tourism resources and their future development prospects. [3] Regional tourism resources include local cultural assets, man-made attractions, and various tourism models, such as leisure, synthetic, analogy, and MICE. Keywords: development; economic; heritage; resources; tourism; tourism resources; uzbekistan
• THE ROLE OF TOURISM ASSISTANTS IN IMPROVING TOURISM STATISTICS by Jumayev Akbar Mahmudovich (2025) - Nevertheless, the following in years slowly recovery observed , reaching 208.1 thousand in 2021, 214.6 thousand in 2022 and 215.7 thousand in 2023 This dynamic In Uzbekistan tourism sector economic from crises after own potential recovering and employment positive contribution adding shows. Tourism Auxiliary Accounts (TAAs) are one of the most important and main sources in determining indicators representing tourism development. Keywords: countries; development; industry; sector; tourism; world
• THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC FINANCE ORGANIZATIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMIC SECTORS IN UZBEKISTAN by Sattarova Dilfuza Dilshodbekovna (2025) - SWOT analysis of the development of Islamic finance in Uzbekistan Strengths Opportunities – Support from the head of state – To finance the economy of Uzbekistan – IDB from the group additional funds attraction to do – Targeted use of loan funds and effective use – Islamic banks in the world the absence of bankruptcy and the mechanisms stability – In the Republic of Uzbekistan 2018 Active Entrepreneurship, innovative ideas and technologies Year of support to be declared – Sources of financing, especially for small and medium- sized businesses diversification – Real production in Uzbekistan encouragement – Middle East and S. East Asia investment from countries funds raised in case Economy of Uzbekistan direct benefits for – Islamic financing successfully implementing secular Uzbekistan as a state rise in prestige – Adequately covered by traditional financing availability of a financing market (small and medium-sized businesses, agricultural sector) – The main population of Uzbekistan Since a large part of them are Muslims, they are not allowed to use these financial products. Zhuravlev, E.N. Miroshnik, RI Bekkin, AA Kazakov, RR Vakhitov, BF Mulyukov, AM Chumakova and others[3] conducted research on Islamic economics, Islamic financial law, the activities of Islamic banks, and Islamic financial products. Keywords: banking; development; economics; finance; financial; financing; islamic; services; uzbekistan
• THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF DEPOSIT OPERATIONS OF COMMERCIAL BANKS by Rakhimov Akmal Matyakubovich (2025) - In particular, in the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan On the Strategy ‘Uzbekistan — 2030’, special emphasis is placed on increasing the volume of bank deposits fourfold, where the main goal is to accelerate reforms in the banking system, expand the market volume of banking services, and develop competition in the sector[1]. B.B.Parpiev has made a number of statements on sustainable attraction of free funds of population and managing subjects to bank deposits. Keywords: banks; base; deposit; development; funds; resources
• GREEN TECHNOLOGY-ORIENTED INVESTMENTS – ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT THROUGH THE IT SECTOR by Sabina Kholiyorovna Bo‘tayeva (2025) - A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article analyzes the role of investments in green technologies in achieving sustainable development through the information technology sector. In recent years, significant progress has been made in Uzbekistan in attracting investments directed toward green technologies. Keywords: development; economy; energy; green; investments; projects; resources; systems; technologies; uzbekistan
• EXPANDING THE PARTICIPATION OF BANKS IN THE CAPITAL MARKET by Abdullayeva Nazokat Amrulloyevna (2025) - Joint-stock companies, international finance market, securities market, available funds, stock market, financial asset, shareholder, market capitalization, market quotes, operational management efficiency, bank participation in capital markets. Expanding banks' role in capital markets requires a shift from traditional lending models toward diversified financial intermediation. Keywords: banking; banks; capital; development; financial; management; market; participation
• THE IMPORTANCE AND NECESSITY OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT IN JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES by Ermatov Tokhir Sharipdjanovich (2025) - Additionally, it explores global trends and national approaches to strategic management, comparing best practices in corporate strategy formulation and execution. Joint-stock companies, strategic management, corporate strategy, shareholder, external market, long-term investment, international markets. Keywords: companies; development; governance; management; market; research; stock; term
• THE ROLE OF STOCK MARKET DEVELOPMENT IN SHAPING INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL CENTRES by Narimonov Sayfullakhon Sunnatillo ugli (2025) - This includes developing a coherent set of “rules of the game” for financial markets and establishing a robust institutional and legal framework that facilitates greater transparency, liberalization, and secure access to global financial services. THE ROLE OF STOCK MARKET DEVELOPMENT IN SHAPING INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL CENTRES Narimonov Sayfullakhon Sunnatillo ugli TSUE, Senior Lecturer of the Department of International Finance A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article examines the evolution and strategic positioning of international financial centres (IFCs), with particular emphasis on the pivotal role of stock markets in enhancing financial system efficiency. Keywords: capital; centres; development; gfci; ifcs; infrastructure; market; stock
• THE FORMATION OF THE EURODOLLAR MARKET (EUROMARKET) AND ITS IMPACT ON FINANCIAL INTEGRATION PROCESSES IN THE EU by Alimardonov Elshod Dilshodovich (2025) - [11] Wojciech Grabowski, Jakub Janus, and Ewa Stawasz-Grabowska examined the impact of macroeconomic policies and international policy spillovers on financial markets in Central Europe Their research revealed that unconventional monetary policies and fiscal stimulus played a key role in stabilizing financial markets, especially long-term sovereign bond yields. Keywords: banking; business; countries; credit; development; european; integration; journal; market; securities; volume
• METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO DEVELOPING THE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING INDUSTRY THROUGH GREEN INVESTMENTS by Khursandov Komiljon Makhmatkulovich (2025) - Therefore, the effective use of LCA (Life Cycle Assessment), MCDA (Multidimensional Analysis), S‑ROI (Sustainable Return on Investment), IoT + Big Data monitoring, integrated, innovative and digital, and sustainable development approaches, which are widely used in world practice, to develop the machine- building industry in our country through green investments and methodological approaches, will ensure the emergence of new innovative results in the machine-building industry. This article analyzes methodological approaches to developing the industrial machinery sector through green investments. Keywords: approach; data; development; engineering; industrial; industry; investments; machinery
• COOPERATION WITH INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BANK'S INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES by Khujumov Nurbek Obidjon ugli (2025) - Cooperation with international financial institutions creates opportunities not only for attracting financial resources, but also for mastering modern banking American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 40 September- 2025 P a g e | 48 www.americanjournal.org technologies, improving risk management systems, developing human capital, and entering international financial markets. The article analyzes the role and importance of cooperation with international financial institutions in the development of banks' investment activities. Keywords: bank; banking; cooperation; development; ifis; institutions; investment; management; world
• THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF MILK PROCESSING INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES IN UZBEKISTAN by Khidirov Temur Kahramon o'g'li (2025) - Conclusion and Suggestions We believe that the theoretical and practical aspects of the development of dairy processing enterprises in our country should be based on the following basic principles, including: - identification of existing problems in the dairy processing industry and application of international experience in their elimination; - organization of modern clusters in the development and practical improvement of dairy processing industry enterprises; - application of the experience of European countries in the development of dairy processing industry enterprises; - wide implementation of theoretical and practical recommendations and proposals aimed at the development of dairy processing industry enterprises. Based on existing methodological approaches, the article widely uses scientific results based on the study of scientific research focused on the theoretical and practical aspects of the development of dairy processing enterprises. Keywords: cluster; dairy; development; enterprises; milk; processing
• THE ROLE OF THE SERVICE SECTOR IN REDUCING POVERTY: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND REGIONAL PERSPECTIVES by Adilbay Dauletmuratov (2025) - Average monthly income (UZS) Poverty Impact Trade and logistics 14% 2.8 million High employment elasticity Education and health 9% 3.2 million Human capital enhancement Tourism and catering 5% 2.5 million Rural income diversification ICT and digital services 3% 4.1 million Skilled youth employment Correlation analysis (based on regional data 2015–2024) shows a strong inverse relationship (r = -0.74) between service sector employment growth and regional poverty rate, confirming the sector’s direct poverty-reducing role. Establishing regional councils for service sector development in Karakalpakstan can ensure better coordination between government agencies, private actors, and civil society organizations. Keywords: development; digital; education; employment; income; poverty; service; tourism; uzbekistan
• THE IMPORTANCE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL BUSINESS AND PRIVATE ENTREPRENEURSHIP by PhD, Gofurov Doston Bokhromovich (2025) - The study examines the mechanisms of the impact of digital transformation on small businesses, an analysis of the current situation, foreign experience, and best practices. The digital economy creates enormous opportunities for small businesses: expanding market boundaries, reducing operating costs, and introducing new business models. Keywords: business; development; digital; economics; economy; percent; platforms; services; technologies; uzbekistan
• FORMATION AND ENHANCEMENT OF HOUSEHOLD INCOMES IN THE REGIONAL ECONOMY by Azizbek Madiev (2025) - Growth rates of real per capita household income (2010–2024)16 Real incomes are considered one of the most accurate indicators reflecting the standard of living of the population, as this indicator represents income growth adjusted for inflation. In his influential research, Thomas Piketty demonstrated the growing trends of wealth and income inequality under the conditions of capitalism in the twenty-first century10. Keywords: bank; development; growth; income; inequality; population; uzbekistan; wage
• DEVELOPMENT OF THE GREEN ECONOMY IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN by U. K. Mukhtarova (2025) - The strategy targets, by 2030 (compared to 2010 levels): American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 41 October- 2025 P a g e | 86 www.americanjournal.org increasing the share of renewable energy sources to 30–40%; reducing carbon emissions by 10%; modernizing thermal power plants to lower natural gas consumption; shifting urban public transport to environmentally friendly fuel; increasing household waste recycling to 65%; improving water use efficiency and introducing water-saving irrigation technologies; encouraging climate-smart agriculture and organic farming; attracting investments in green technologies through public-private partnerships and international cooperation; reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 35%. Uzbekistan has significant potential for renewable energy development, particularly solar and wind energy. Keywords: climate; development; economy; energy; republic; uzbekistan
• THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH RESEARCH (ON THE EXAMPLE OF NAMANGAN REGION) by R.M.Usmanova (2025) - Economic growth, regional demand and supply factors, GDP, investments, human capital, agriculture, light industry. In this regard, research aimed at identifying the factors that determine the pace and quality of economic growth in specific regions acquires particular importance. Keywords: business; development; growth; investment; namangan; production; region; resources
• SMALL BUSINESS LENDING IS THE KEY TO THE COUNTRY'S DEVELOPMENT by Ortikov Ulugbek Akrombek ugli (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 42, November - 2025 P a g e | 36 www.americanjournal.org SMALL BUSINESS LENDING IS THE KEY TO THE COUNTRY'S DEVELOPMENT Ortikov Ulugbek Akrombek ugli Senior Teacher of the Department Budget Accounting and Treasury Tashkent State the University of Economics E-mail:ortiqovulughbek@gmail.com A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S Lending to small businesses and private entrepreneurship plays an important role in GDP growth and in the development of the country's economy. Crediting small business and private business plays main role in increasing GDP and developing economy of the country. Keywords: banks; businesses; development; lending
• DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN ASSET OPERATIONS OF COMMERCIAL BANKS by To‘ychiev Otabek Shamshievich (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 43, December - 2025 P a g e | 1 www.americanjournal.org DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN ASSET OPERATIONS OF COMMERCIAL BANKS To‘ychiev Otabek Shamshievich Chief Accountant of the Business Client Services and Business Support Group at the Tashkent Regional Main Department of “O‘zmilliybank” JSC A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This study examines the development trends of commercial banks’ active operations in Uzbekistan, with a particular focus on the role of the National Bank. Commercial banks, active operations, Uzbekistan, credit operations, investments, asset structure, financial stability, human capital, corporate academy, innovation, digital banking, IT systems, risk management, sustainable growth. Keywords: banking; banks; credit; development; growth; national; operations; uzbekistan
• THE IMPACT OF THE INVESTMENT ENVIRONMENT ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT by Yu. M. Khasanova (2025) - The article highlights the advantages of using investments in the development of the country’s economy, as well as approaches related to extended multifactor and risk-oriented investment, and issues related to indicators of investment activity at the enterprise level. Although the theoretical aspects of directly attracting investments for the development of the national economy have been explored in these studies, approaches to evaluating investment activity, such as the extended multifactor and risk-related approaches, as well as enterprise-level indicators of investment activity, have received less attention. Keywords: activity; development; economic; investment; production
• IMPROVING THE MECHANISM FOR MANAGING FINANCIAL RESOURCES OF LOCAL BUDGETS TO PROMOTE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONS IN UZBEKISTAN by Umida Baxtiyorovna Imanova (2024) - A key source of local budget revenue is the personal income tax (PIT), while property and land taxes paid by large taxpayers also contribute significantly. Where: MBI – local budget financial independence index PIT50 – dummy variable for 50% of PIT revenues allocated to local budgets Inv – investment volume (billion UZS) Asset – revenues from sale of state assets Infra – infrastructure expenditure μᵢ – region-specific fixed effects εᵢₜ – random error term Expected sign: β₁ > 0, indicating that PIT allocation increases local budget independence. Keywords: budgets; development; revenues; tax
• MODERN DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF THE GREEN ECONOMY CONCEPT AND ITS ROLE IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY by Khakimov Asadbek Makhsud ugli (2025) - Green economy, sustainable development, environmental safety, renewable energy, green investments, climate change, efficient use of resources, carbon emissions, global economy, green technologies. A range of green economy opportunities4 Keywords: business; countries; development; economy; energy; green; growth; new; technologies
• WAYS TO DEVELOP THE FINANCIAL MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE by Shodiyev Odiljon Salim O’g’li (2023) - During the modern development of the world economy, operations in financial markets became more active and became a decisive factor in economic development. The volume of financial markets has grown rapidly relative to gross domestic product values and has made it possible for economic entities to reach capital and effectively distribute risks. Keywords: development; economy; market; state
• PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVING THE DEPOSIT POLICY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS by Shermukhamedov Bekhzodjon Usmonovich; Abdulatifova Mohinur Alisher qizi (2023) - Scientific research work is being carried out on the development of bank deposit policy in world practice. a number of problems related to improving the relevant bank policies for effective placement in the networks, implementing innovative and beneficial types of bank deposit services for customers, strengthening the trust of the population and business entities in the banking system, increasing the level of efficiency of banking services aimed at improving the deposit policy of commercial banks determines the urgency of developing proposals and practical recommendations . Keywords: bank; banking; customer; deposit policy; development; elements; implementation; system
• “TRENDS OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN” by Yuzbaeva Makhfuza Zakirjanovna; Mukumova Nargis Nuriddinovna; Charshanbieva Bakhtiniso Ural qizi (2023) - Main Part Such scientists as F.Kotler, J.Schumpeter, P.Drucker, G.Mensch, M.Porter, T.Kuhn were engaged in the study of innovative development as a scientific research. These processes are regulated at the legislative level, which can be seen in a number of laws and decrees of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and relevant government decrees adopted in the field of innovative development. Keywords: development; innovation; republic; science; uzbekistan
• ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN BUSINESS RISK MANAGEMENT by Arshi Naim (2022) - In order to design a complete artificial intelligence, it is necessary to set guiding principles firstly, which aims to guide the whole process of artificial intelligence development, design, use, management and control, and carefully promote artificial intelligence applications in the field of financial risk management. Relevant competences for the risk manager of tomorrow Faced with the progress of AI, risk managers need to position themselves as value drivers within the organization and as AI risk advisers to senior management and the board. Keywords: business; cost; data; development; intelligence; journal; management; naim; risk; technology
• CORPORATE STRATEGIC ALIGNMENT AND THEACHIEVEMENT OF OBJECTIVES IN A POST PANDEMIC ERA by Dr. Macaulay Enyindah Wegwu (2023) - Corporate strategy alignment, objectives, pandemic, human resource development, restructuring, organizational learning 1. This research builds on the views of scholars (Grant, 2016; Durmaz & Ilhan, 2015; Lev, 2017; Hambrick, 2016), in its assessment of the imperatives for corporate strategy alignment in the achievement of organizational objectives. Keywords: achievement; development; environment; journal; learning; management; objectives; organization; research; strategy
• GOING DIGITAL AND ITS EFFECTS ON INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS by Suyunova Yulduzkhon Akbarovna (2023) - Relations are formed in the process of production, exchange, distribution, and consumption of scientific and technical information through digital information technologies, and the development of these processes is subject to economic laws. The purpose of the article is to determine the impact of digital information technologies on business and to propose ways for the company to respond to the problems of the digital economy. Keywords: business; development; economy; information; technologies
• MODERN MARKETING IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY: ANALYSIS OF CONCEPTS by Shokhista Akhunova; Mekhri-Bonu Urinboeva (2023) - Currently, at the modern stage of digital economy development, Uzbekistan is characterized by the period of its formation and high dynamics of development. Features of introducing blockchain technology in digital economy developing conditions in Uzbekistan. Keywords: development; economy; journal; management; marketing
• INCREASING THE EXPORT POTENTIAL BASED ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MARKET OF UZBEK AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS by Hasanov Shamsiddin Hafizovich (2023) - Many researchers highly appreciate the opportunities available in agriculture and consider the adaptation of this field to modern market trends, transformation of production lines based on international market conditions, formation of practice and skills of constant and rapid analysis of foreign markets as important tasks. . This article aims to analyze the role and importance of marketing research in increasing the export potential of agricultural products of Uzbekistan, the processes of formation of the value chain in the sale of products, methods of increasing competitiveness in the international market, and the analysis of existing problems. Keywords: analysis; development; marketing; products; research
• WAYS OF DEVELOPING STUDENTS' TECHNOLOGICAL THINKING SKILLS by Mukhitdinova Jamilakhon Ruslanovna (2023) - A number of factors contributing to the development of students' creative abilities are available, some of them can be listed below: - develop creative thinking skills, form creative activity, teach strengthening research and problem research areas in the process; American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 10 March, At the same time, the following pedagogical conditions must be observed: providing an environment for identifying students' inclinations to master creative activity, the formation of cognitive needs and the manifestation of independence in the learning process; creating favorable opportunities for creative thinking among students, education tolerates the diverse thoughts and ideas expressed by recipients, and ensures their activity in the learning process, encouraging everyone establishment of the student's confidence in his ability to think creatively, regular stimulation of his creative activity; individualization of the educational process based on the characteristics, needs and intellectual potential of the student; - individual, subgroup and team work skills of students to form, expand their creative abilities, encourage them to make non-standard decisions along with ready-made, standard solutions in solving problems; reengineering of cognitive knowledge in practice, which is the basis for the development of creative activity selection and application of interactive forms and methods of teaching, allowing to develop and improve, etc. Keywords: activity; creativity; development; process; students
• STATE REGULATION OF THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE ECONOMY by Mr. Azamat Davletyarov; Dr. Dilmurod Suyunov; Dr. Aman T. Kenjabaev (2023) - The forced restrictions caused by the Covid-19 pandemic caused a significant increase in the introduction of digital technologies in all spheres of society, the economy and business. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 9 Feb., 2023 P a g e | 146 www.americanjournal.org as a state strategy for introducing the concept and technologies of the fourth industrial revolution, other countries of the world, including Uzbekistan, have adopted this paradigm as a call to action, having also developed state programs and development strategies aimed at digitalizing the economy as a whole and stimulating the use of digital technologies in other sectors . Keywords: business; development; digital; economy; journal; system; technologies; transformation; uzbekistan
• CHANGES IN THE INTEGRATION AND INNOVATION OF CULTURAL TOURISM DURING THE YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE: HISTORICAL ANALYSIS by Облоқулов Достон Ўктам ўғли (2023) - The development of tourism museums promotes the historical heritage of the region, publicizes the names of existing historical cities and ensures the formation of museum marketing. Proper formation of tourism services in museums determines the strategic direction of museum management and museum development. Keywords: development; heritage; journal; museum; research; tourism
• CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING THE USE OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN SMALL BUSINESS by Olimov Furqat Khoshimovich (2023) - This task is being solved within the framework of achieving the goal of human capital development, which will inevitably lead to an increase in the potential of the whole society, as well as an increase in the resources of the whole country. For example, if expenses are related to criminal and illegal activities, they are difficult to associate with investments in human capital development because of their social harm and even danger. Keywords: capital; development; education; human; investments; knowledge; management; social; training; work
• THE ROLE OF TOURISM IN THE SUSTAINABILITY OF ANCIENT CITIES / MOSUL'S OLD CITY AS A MODEL by Elham Khudair Abbas Shubbar; Naser Nazar Mohamed Raof (2023) - The first project of its kind in the old area of Mosul city center, which is one of the projects to restore heritage buildings after the restoration of the house and undergoing internal redesign work to preserve the historical heritage of the city, within a joint cultural project funded by the United States Agency for Development (USAID) and in cooperation with the project (Taafi) Also the Association of Iraqi Banks, the Central Bank of Iraq, and the Tamkeen project, and the project was implemented by Mosul youth, headed by activist Saqr Maan Al Zakar, these sites will turn into platforms for promoting Mosul culture and art through the establishment of seminars and festivals that contribute to the preservation of Mosul culture and preserve it for future generations, and he explained, American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 11 April, 2023 P a g e | 40 www.americanjournal.org that heritage houses reveal stories of the past, and inspire hope and bring life to homes that have long been witness to the lives of families who have left their mark in the fields of trade, poetry, and music, journalism, and others, and pointed out that (our house) courtyard and spaces are open to receive visitors, as the first project falls within this context and will be a destination for pioneers of heritage and historical cities in our beloved city. The problems of preserving the old city of Mosul with its historical landmarks has become one of the necessities of preserving its identity and history of Mosul, which faced great challenges of events, wars and destruction and required reconstruction in order to preserve the identity, culture and history of the old city of Mosul, and ignoring the role of tourism in preserving the old city of Mosul and its monuments of archaeological, historical, religious and cultural value, as it is not only dealing with its landmarks, but must be expanded to include what surrounds it in order to Preservation, and highlighting the stages of reconstruction witnessed by the old city of Mosul and its landmarks, and the weak interest in its buildings of historical, archaeological, cultural and religious value, and the severe lack of basic services in the old city of Mosul, which in turn makes it an obstacle to the sustainability of the old city in terms of tourism, the old city of Mosul faced a conflict between destruction and reconstruction, as the preservation of the old city of Mosul with its landmarks of tourist value has become a complex challenge, especially in the face of the destruction of its infrastructure and landmarks, and the subsequent stages of reconstruction in its various dimensions, and the developmental role of tourism in the sustainability of cities is one of the effective trends, especially in historical cities with a tourist dimension, and that sustainable tourism is one of the elements of preserving historical cities for their direct adherence to their landmarks. Keywords: april; banking; business; cities; city; development; economics; landmarks; management; mosul; project; role; sustainability; tourism; tourism development
• FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN BANKING SYSTEMS by Djumanov Saitmurod Alimbekovich; Khamrokhujaeva Sitorabonu Temur qizi; Yuldashev Bilolkhon Saminjon o‘g‘li (2023) - banking system, competition, digitalization, securitization, cashless payments, digital banks, cryptocurrency Introduction The banking system is an integral part of the processes of interaction between all subjects of the economy. However, an increase in the volume of online transactions can also increase the risks associated with cybersecurity, as there is a possibility of hacker attacks on banking systems and customer computers. Keywords: banking; banks; development; financial; increase; system
• FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN FINANCING THE AGRARIAN SPHERE AND DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC SUPPLY by Babadjanov Abdirashid Musayevich (2023) - Attention should be paid to the scientific research and as a result of the research, the following scientific proposal was developed: three directions that form the basis of the scientific supply of Agriculture: Training of personnel for the agricultural network, conducting research in the network and introducing its results into practice, interrelated with each other and the introduction of such a system at the; in the financing of scientific provision, the introduction of scientific research results into practice should be considered equally and a great importance should be attached to the introduction of research results; the organization of scientific research and experiments, as well as the provision of them with the necessary land areas, necessary equipment and financial resources; the ability to test the results of all research; in the scientific provision of the agrarian sector, the productivity of cocktails should be a main issue, priority should be given to economic issues. In our opinion, the creation of scientific developments, manuals, scientific articles as a result of giving conditions to each of our researchers and scientists, who are engaged in scientific research, will serve science in the future. Keywords: agrarian; countries; development; financing; research; science
• DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN UZBEKISTAN (1991-2023) by Doston Oblokulov O‘Ktamovich Bukhdu (2023) - And Original Study Department Master's Student A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article discusses the stages of tourism development in Uzbekistan. This stage is characterized by the initial formation of national tourism in our republic. Keywords: country; development; monuments; stage; tourism
• FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO INDICATORS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO IRAQ by Asst.Prof.Dr.Ahmed H.Al-Husayny (2022) - Financial technology, Banking sector, Sustainable development, Electronic services, recent financial experience, innovating financial and banking services, electronic payment cards. Also, financial technology in electronic clearing systems between banks and other banking tasks significantly reduced routine banking activities. Keywords: banking; development; finance; goals; innovations; iraq; services; study; technology; volume
• IMPORTANCE OF INNOVATION FACTORS IN SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN UZBEKISTAN by Mamasoliyev Khurshidbek Saidjon ogli (2023) - In stimulating and furthering economic development, innovative technologies open up enormous opportunities. For this reason, developed countries consider ICT as one of the main directions of economic development and are on the way to its further development. Keywords: development; economic; economy; growth; ict; increase; information; innovation; uzbekistan
• ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS ACTIVITIES IN THE FIELD OF TOURISM AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT MODELS by Umronov Eldorbek Sodirovich (2023) - Tourism services occupy a key place in the main structure of the service sector in many countries of the world. The increase in the volume of production in the real sector of the economy, the creation of new generation, complex, high-tech products ensures the growth of tourism services, and the increase in the type and quality of services in the field, in particular, the technical improvement of the field. Keywords: business; country; development; indicators; sector; services; tourism; volume
• COMMERCIAL ISSUES IN ISLAMIC SPIRITUALITY by Tojiboev Abdug’ani Abdumalikovich (2023) - National market is a single market within the national border of a particular country, it consists of a complex of different markets. National markets differ from each other in terms of their size, composition of goods, number of buyers and sellers. Keywords: development; goods; market; trade
• FINANCING PROJECTS IMPLEMENTED ON THE BASIS OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP by Khaydarova Charos (2023) - Private sector and public cooperation represents the participation of business entities in the organization and management of production, household services and social infrastructure, as well as in the provision of social services. Other concepts used in the process of such economic relations include the concepts of private sector participation (Private Sector Participation) and privatization (Privatization), but there are certain differences between these concepts Keywords: business; development; management; partnership; projects; sector; state
• WAYS TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION by Narinbayeva Gulnora Karimovna; Zhalilov Shokhjakhon Kholbozor Ogli; Nurmukhammadov Islombek Oybek Ogli (2023) - The article discusses ways to improve the efficiency of agricultural production. The efficiency of agricultural production is the most important quality characteristic at all levels of management. Keywords: agricultural; development; efficiency; increase; production; state; uzbekistan
• ORGANIZING ECOTOURISM IN UZBEKISTAN: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS by Jakhongir Khayiti (2023) - When implementing this program, it is important to study the problems of ecotourism development in our country. Р. С. Мардонов, И. И. Ризаев // Географические и экономические исследования в контексте устойчивого развития государства и региона : Материалы IV Международной научно- практической конференции в 2-х томах, Донецк, 10–11 ноября 2022 года / под общей редакцией Е. Г. Кошелевой. Keywords: development; ecotourism; national; uzbekistan
• PUBLIC ENTERPRISES: THEIR ROLE, IMPORTANCE AND NEED IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT by Arshi Naim (2022) - The authorized capital of company increased to Rs. 4000 crores in 1981-82 and Rs. 5000 crores in 1987-88 and it is still increasing. Gradually company is diversifying its activities by adding new range of products. Keywords: company; crores; development; india; journal; lead; management; naim; production; project; tonnes; zinc
• THE VALUE OF CROP ROTATION IN THE CULTIVATION OF VACCARIA HISPANICA IN CONDITIONS OF TYPICAL GRAY SOILS OF THE TASHKENT OASIS by Trobjon Makhkamov; Gulomjon Jumaboyev (2023) - The purpose of irrigation is to ensure the normal germination of plant seeds and their growth and development in the subsequent period. When studying the positive or negative impact of crop rotation on plants, the main attention was paid to such parameters as plant height, number of fruits and the amount of seed raw materials (kg/ha). Keywords: area; cultivation; development; hispanica; journal; plant; research; soil; vaccaria
• THE ROLE OF THE SERVICE SECTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY by Urunbaeva Yulduz Pirnazarovna (2023) - Those who quit are employed in service sector networks. The need for various social services also played an important role in this pyramid. Keywords: development; labor; population; sector; service; service sector
• THE ROLE OF INNOVATION IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT AND INNOVATION DEVELOPMENT MODELS by Xurshidbek Mamasoliyev (2023) - entrepreneurship, business development, innovation development, economic systems. a g e | 54 www.americanjournal.org THE ROLE OF INNOVATION IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT AND INNOVATION DEVELOPMENT MODELS Xurshidbek Mamasoliyev Master’s Degree Student, Department of Management, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana, Uzbekistan A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S Currently, innovation is becoming one of the most characteristic features of economic development. Keywords: business; development; economic; enterprises; increase; innovation; production; uzbekistan
• THE IMPORTANCE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SERVICE SECTOR IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN by Xudayberdiyeva Dilafruz Abidovna (2022) - services, service sector, social sphere, digital economy, national economy, service sector market, modern world. The increase in the volume of market services provided is positively influenced by the increase in the share of services such as financial and transport services, trade, communications and informatization in the structure of services provided. Keywords: business; development; economy; sector; service sector; services
• DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND ATTRACTION OF INVESTMENTS THE MAIN FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF UZBEKISTAN by Миркамол Мирсалиев (2023) - Partnership this form the company ul-inan ( sides to the account of money etc formed partnership ) from the contract came came out This financial partnership is a form Partnership at-tadamun ( jointly ( generally ) responsible company) in itself private partnership the form photo he turns to himself typical has the right (trademark ) . Partner at-tavsiya bi- asham ( responsibility limited contribution company ) financial partnership shape in itself reflection makes _ Keywords: bank; company; development; islam; partnership
• EXISTING PROBLEMS IN INCREASING INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS IN ENTERPRISES AND WAYS TO OVERCOME THEM by Shayakubov Shakhzod Shakabilovich (2023) - Stages of development of enterprise investment strategy [12] Development of enterprise investment strategy stages Evaluating the effectiveness of developed investment strategies Formation of investment policy in the main areas of investment activity Determining the strategic directions of the formation of investment resources Basing strategic directions and forms of investment activity Formation of strategic goals of investment activity Determining the general period of investment strategy formation American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 13 June, It is formed under the influence of political, economic, legal, social and other factors that determine the conditions of investment activity and the level of investment risk in the region. Keywords: attractiveness; development; enterprise; environment; investment; management; strategy
• MACROECONOMIC FACTORS OF INCREASING THE RANKING IN THE GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX by Numanov Kamolitdin Farhadovich (2023) - To assess countries in the GII ranking, there is a minimum data coverage (at least 35 indicators in the group of contributions to innovation development - 66%, at least 18 indicators in the group of results in innovation development - 66%). Expenditure on education (% of GDP) 2.1.4. Keywords: business; development; gdp; gii; index; indicators; innovation; research
• THE CONCEPT OF "PERSONALITY" IN PEDAGOGY AND SPECIFIC FEATURES OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT by Zhakbarova Oyazimkhon Mutalipovna (2023) - Directing students to self-management as a pedagogical phenomenon requires a combination of intellectual, emotional-emotional and activity-oriented areas related to the development of personal potential, and social activity of students based on the high level of development of creative abilities. This article describes the issues of personality development, the conditions that hinder personality development in the field of pedagogy, and the reasons that hinder their development. Keywords: characteristics; child; development; education; person; personality

• BRAND AWARENESS ATTRIBUTES AND CUSTOMER REPEAT PATRONAGE OF SELECTED FAST FOOD ESTABLISHMENTS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA by Uboegbulam, Gideon Chukwunwem (2023) - Malik (2013) examined the importance of brand awareness and brand loyalty in assessing purchase intentions of consumer. Managers all over the world should strive to promote the brand awareness along with brand loyalty as both of them contribute towards positive purchase intentions Alkhawaldeh (2017) evaluated the effect of brand awareness on brand loyalty: mediating role of brand commitment. Keywords: awareness; brand; business; customer; journal; loyalty; purchase; recall; recognition; relationship; repeat; research
• TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM) IMPLEMENTATION AND ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE: A STUDY OF THE TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY IN BAYELSA STATE OF NIGERIA by Laguo Livingstone Gilbert; Felix Oluwatayo Oloda (2023) - Deming also identified 14 principles of quality management necessary to improve productivity and performance of organisations. July, 2023 P a g e | 59 www.americanjournal.org that UK telecommunication and locomotive industries indicate that firms use to have a traditional attitude towards quality management, but an adherence to TQM they are now able to improve customer satisfaction and retention. Keywords: business; customer; implementation; improvement; journal; management; performance; process; quality; quality management; study; total; tqm; training
• FUNCTIONAL EMPOWERMENT FACTORS AND THEIR IMPACT ON ENHANCING THE CORE CAPABILITIES OF THE ORGANIZATION / A FIELD STUDY AT AL-MUSTANSIRIYA CENTER FOR ARAB AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES / AL-MUSTANSIRIYA UNIVERSITY by Lecturer Mustafa Saadi Talib (2023) - تائج العمل الجماعي في الغال تكون اف ل م ( والتي على ) ( وبا حيا معياري مقداره )4.39(، على أعلى األوساط الحاابية بمقدار) تائج العمل ب ورة منفيدة 0.718 ) 87.8% ابية بلغ ) ل كل م االدارة و العاملون في الميكز ( والتي على ) ( وبا حيا معياري 4.18(، على أعلى األوساط الحاابية بمقدار) ممارسة اليقابة الذاتية Keywords: american; banking; banking volume; business; business management; economics; journal; july; management; volume; www.americanjournal.org; إلى; األوساط; ائي; ائية; االتفاو; االح; ادارة; استجابة; البحث; التدري; التمكي; التي; الجدول; الجوهيية; الحاابية; العاملون; العاملي; العمل; العينة; الفقية; المتغيي; المعلومات; المقدرات; المنظمة; الموارد; الميكز; النابية; الوظيفي; الى; بلغ; تائج; تعزيز; ثيي; حيا; خالل; داللة; ذلك; على; عند; عوامل; فقيات; قيمة; ماتو; مشاركة; معامل; معنوي; معياري; مقداره; ميتفع; هذا; هذه; واالستقاللية; والذي; وبماتو
• THEORETICAL BASIS OF STATISTICAL RESEARCH OF POPULATION EMPLOYMENT, IMPROVEMENT OF FINANCING IN BUSINESS ENTITIES by Shakirova Nigora Akhralovna (2023) - One crucial factor in combating unemployment is ensuring the availability of employment opportunities within business entities. Skill Development and Training:Business entities should actively participate in skill development programs that equip potential employees with the necessary competencies for specific roles. Keywords: business; employment; entities; job
• ARROGANT LEADERSHIP BEHAVIOR AND ITS ROLE IN DEVELOPING ORGANIZATIONAL ZOMBIES IN THE WORKPLACE- EXPLORATORY STUDY IN AL-NAJAF TEACHING HOSPITAL by Ph.D. Hamed Adel Abbas Al-Nasrawi (2023) - 2-1- The concept of arrogant leadership behavior and its dimensions Relevant studies and literature have shown that the traits of leaders deeply affect the behavioral outcomes of employees as a result of the influential role of leaders in determining the wide range of behavioral outcomes of employees. 2-1-1- Characteristics of arrogant leadership behavior It is no secret that humans are conscious beings that have emotions and can easily be influenced by others. Keywords: 182; arrogance; banking; behavior; business; dimensions; journal; leadership; management; organization; table; workplace; zombies
• FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY IN IRAQ: OBSTACLES AND REQUIREMENTS, REGARDING TO SELECTED INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES by Hayder M. Kareem Alduhaidahawi; Hussein Ali abed; Mustafa S. Abdulreza (2023) - 2- Raising awareness levels in society to increase the demand for financial technology services, as the availability of trust and the reduction of uncertainty is one of the important factors for using financial technology as a payment channel, As well as the availability of channels to promote this type of service. We note from the above table, which shows the volume of services provided by the countries under study for the period (2017-2020): Electronic financial services in the State of Egypt are increasing and growing, this indicates that there is a development because of the plan developed by the Central Bank of Egypt. Keywords: banking; banks; business; central; countries; fintech; iraq; journal; kuwait; payment; services; technology; transactions
• IMPROVING THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISMS OF SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT by Ergashev Jamshid Jamoliddinovich; Abdulkarimov Zuhrali Tursunalievich (2022) - One of the most pressing issues in further expanding their activities, of course, in the development of small enterprises is to support their activities, to further expand their activities by attracting national and foreign investment in the activities of small businesses and private entrepreneurship. It is important to further develop small business and private entrepreneurship, which play an important role in the national economy, thereby filling the domestic market with competitive, high-quality and export-oriented products, creating new jobs and increasing incomes and sustainable economic growth. Keywords: business; entrepreneurship; foreign; uzbekistan
• THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL LEARNING ON INTERNATIONAL PORTFOLIOS-AN APPLIED STUDY FOR A NUMBER OF ECONOMIES by Hebat Allah Mustafa; Hayder M. Kareem Alduhaidahawi; Mustafa S. Abdulreza (2023) - This leads to an increase in investment and savings, and this leads to the growth and development of financial markets. - Better investor protection Financial education can also help individuals understand the risks associated with financial investments, resulting in better investor protection. Financial education contributes to the development of financial markets in several ways, the most important of which are : - Increase participation Financial education helps individuals understand financial products and services, enabling them to make sound decisions about investing and saving. Keywords: bias; business; country; decisions; diversification; economics; education; individuals; investment; journal; management; markets; portfolios; products; services; study
• THE ROLE OF PROCESS RE-ENGINEERING IN RATIONALIZING COSTS AND STRENGTHENING THE COMPETITIVE POSITION OF INDUSTRIAL ENTITIES-APPLIED RESEARCH IN KARBALA CEMENT FACTORY by Mohammed Abed Kadhim; Ali Mohammed Thijeel AL-Mamouri (2023) - - The application of process re-engineering technology is carried out through specific steps starting from defining the vision and objectives of the company, understanding and defining the processes that will be re-engineered, establishing a re-engineering team, defining and identifying customers, defining customer requirements, understanding the current process, designing the new process, passing implementation and follow-up. - Conducting the process of applying integration between cost technology based on specifications and process re-engineering technology in the Iraqi industrial economic entity, the research sample? Keywords: business; cement; costs; engineering; entities; management; operations; process; quality; research; technology
• CHANGE MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OF HEALTH WORKERS IN RIVERS STATE by Isokariari, Orusoso Waite Lawson (2023) - Organisational tools for change management can help people adapt and implement change. Change management is essential for adapting to modern life's fast pace. Keywords: business; change; change management; communication; connection; employee; health; journal; management; performance; productivity; rivers; stakeholder; state; study; workers
• VOLUNTARY DISCLOSURE AND FIRM VALUE OF QUOTED CONGLOMERATES IN NIGERIA by Dilosi Dawn A.; Dr Egbe Solomon; Prof. Ogbonna Gabriel N. (2023) - Voluntary information disclosure has a threefold capital market effect increase in shares liquidity in the stock market; decrease in financing costs (Soltani, 2000).Attribution theory: Disclosed information is classified under this theory as either “good”, “bad”, or “neutral”. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 16, | Sep., 2023 P a g e | 40 www.americanjournal.org VOLUNTARY DISCLOSURE AND FIRM VALUE OF QUOTED CONGLOMERATES IN NIGERIA Keywords: accounting; business; company; conglomerates; disclosure; economics; firm; governance; information; investors; journal; management; market; nigeria; value
• FORENSIC ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN PORT HARCOURT, RIVERS STATE by Akinyemi, Babajide Oloyode; Eke, Haniel Okorafor (Ph.D) (2023) - Primarily, the paper aims to investigate the nexus between forensic accounting and its tools on financial performance of tertiary institutions in Port Harcourt, Rivers State; its objectives specifically look to: examine the association between forensic auditing and financial performance of tertiary institutions in Port Harcourt, Rivers State and to determine the affiliation between data mining and financial performance of tertiary institutions in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. According to Bhasin (2016), the origin and expansion of forensic accounting can be traced back to the prevalence of financial frauds; the role of the forensic accountant, who is tasked with preventing and resolving such crimes, entails auditing, accounting, and investigation. Keywords: accounting; auditing; business; data; fraud; harcourt; institutions; journal; management; mining; performance; port; research; state
• THE MEDIATING ROLE OF OUTSOURCING INTERNAL AUDITING IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ELECTRONIC AUDITING AND AUDITING STRATEGIES-A FIELD STUDY IN PUBLIC COMPANIES IN IRAQ by Assistant Teacher: Ahmed Abed Ahmed; Dr. Hanen MOALLA (2023) - The coefficient of determination of (44.82) indicates that efficiency and effectiveness and the dimension of impartiality explain this percentage (44.82) of the variance in auditing strategies, and that (55.18) of the variance is due to factors other than impartiality, which is a regression coefficient that cannot be counted It has to explain audit strategies. The coefficient of determination of (64.77) indicates that the dimensions of correctness, accuracy, and the dimension of impartiality explain this percentage (64.77) of the variance in auditing strategies, and that (35.23) of the variance is due to factors other than impartiality, which is a good coefficient that can be relied upon in Interpretation of audit strategies. Keywords: accuracy; auditing strategies; auditor; business; company; dimension; effect; effectiveness; efficiency; information; internal; journal; management; outsourcing; study
• STRUCTURAL CAPITAL AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF QUOTED MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA by Doghudje, Ufuoma Sylvia; Ogbonna, Gabriel N.; Ibanichuka, Emmanuel A. L. (2023) - Given the evolving nature of structural capital and the business environment, future research would benefit from exploring the impact of globalization on structural capital investments and the subsequent effects on ROA. Recommendations Given the mixed findings concerning the impact of structural capital investment on financial performance indicators such as ROA in Nigerian manufacturing firms, the study proposes the following recommendations: i.Companies should strategically invest in structural capital such as organizational culture, information systems, and processes, with a focus on long-term asset optimization, given its positive relationship with ROA. ii. Keywords: business; capital; firms; journal; manufacturing; performance; relationship; research; roa; study
• THE STUDY ON CAPITAL STRUCTURE FUNDING STRATEGY AGAINST THE DEVELOPMENT OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC LISTED COMPANIES IN CHINA by Dr Yeoh Wee Win (2023) - According to Sekaran and Bougie (2016), the numerical data derived from the financial statements is ideal for quantitative study analysis using the statistical method. This acknowledges deductive reasoning as a research strategy that complements quantitative study, with deductive reasoning American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 16 Sep, 2023 P a g e | 152 www.americanjournal.org concentrating on using a logical approach from general concepts to precise conclusions and testing hypotheses (Cooper & Schindler, 2014). Keywords: business; capital structure; debt; equity; performance; ratio; research; study
• The Role of entrepreneurial strategies in achieving organizational excellence by Mohammed Raoof Mhmood Al-Musawi ; Mohammad Ali Hussein Al-Saedi; Abbas Elaibi Hassoon (2022) - 4- There is a role for entrepreneurial strategies with their dimensions in achieving organizational excellence in a varying manner in relation to the standards within the surveyed sample, and we conclude that the sample surveyed has absolute confidence that the application of entrepreneurial strategies allows the exploitation of all critical opportunities using effective strategic planning that depends on a common organizational vision and the adequacy of available resources, and that By increasing the orientation towards creativity strategy, and facilitating the processes of preparing for initiative and offensive rivalry . The research is a set of statistical methods for analyzing, interpreting and processing data through the statistical package (SPSS V.24), and the research started from a major problem that states (What is the role of applying entrepreneurial strategies in achieving organizational excellence), and the research reached a set of conclusions, the most prominent of which were (with The surveyed sample has absolute confidence that the application of entrepreneurial strategies allows the exploitation of all critical opportunities using effective strategic planning that depends on a common organizational vision and the adequacy of available resources, by increasing the orientation towards a strategy of creativity, and facilitating the processes of readiness for initiative and aggressive competition), and in light of the conclusions, a set of The most important recommendations were (that the university is considered to be organizationally distinct, the senior management must make deliberate efforts to Engaging employees with leadership competencies and skills in order to support the vision of quality and service delivery). Keywords: business; creativity; excellence; management; organizations; research; strategies; strategy; university; value; variable
• DIGITAL ECONOMY: CONCEPT AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS by Kamalova Jamila (2023) - The digital economy is a production based on digital technologies. Thanks to the development of digital technologies, the consumer can quickly receive the services he needs, save money by buying products in online stores at lower prices. Keywords: business; data; digital; economy; information; internet; technologies; technology
• ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF THE POPULATION AND THE RECYCLING OF WASTE QUANTITIES ANNUALLY ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN TURKEY FOR THE PERIOD (2008-2021) by Dr. Jamal Hussein Ali; Asist. prof. Dr. Ahmed Mohamed Jassim (2023) - التطبيقية العربية، مجلة كلية التربية االساسية، العدد، ) ، 1994( ، اإلنفاق الحكومي وأثره على التنمية البشري في الجزائر منذ عام 2015حمد، مخيف جاسم ) في حالة دراسة، المستدامة التنمية تحقيق في ودورها الصلبة النفايات ، تدوير2019نور، خليل ابراهيم، .13 المحمودية في النفايات وتدوير فرز ، Keywords: american; banking; business; economics; journal; management; oct; volume; www.americanjournal.org; إلى; إْذ; االجمالي; االقتصادية; اختبار; البحث; التابع; التنمية; التي; السكان; الصلبة; العالقة; الفرضية; القياسي; القيمة; المتغيرات; المحسوبة; المحلي; المستدامة; المشترك; الناتج; النفايات; النموذج; بين; تدوير; تركيا; تكون; عدد; عدم; على; عند; قيمة; مستوى; معنوية; مككن; نتائج; هذا; وجود; وهي; يعني
• SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS FOR SWAMP RECLAMATION IN ABONNEMA, NIGERIA by Michael. Didia; Stewart.S. Owukio (2022) - It is predicted that as long as the population of Abonnema residents increases, the need for more land for infrastructural and agricultural activities is still on the high demand, land reclamation will be a continuous welcomed activity in Abonnema, which will lead to the increase in built-up area and a decrease in every other land cover area. Abonnema keyed into land reclamation because of its overcrowded condition and to satisfy the need for new homes. Keywords: abonnema; business; figure; land; management; reclamation; state; swamp
• FINANCING BUSINESS ON ISLAMIC PRINCIPLES: AN ETHICAL AND SUSTAINABLE APPROACH by Valijonov Kh.B (2023) - The field of Islamic finance requires qualified specialists in both traditional finance and Islamic principles. We discover the basic principles of Islamic finance, such as the Prohibition of interest (Riba), the Prevention of excessive uncertainty (garar) and the demand for the exchange of profit and loss (Mudarabah). Keywords: business; finance; islamic; principles
• FINANCIAL KNOWLEDGE AND ITS REFLECTION ON FINANCIAL BEHAVIOR: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF A SAMPLE OF CUSTOMERS WITH THE TBI, RAFIDAIN & RASHEED BANKS by Lecturer Doctor Hayder M. Kareem A l Duhaidahawi (2023) - People who lack financial literacy experience financial hardship. The research aims to determine the role of financial knowledge among the research sample, which is represented by the employees and professors of the College of Administration and Economics - the University of Kufa and the College of Imam Al-Kadhim, As they are part of the society that participates in the use of finance at the level of daily consumption and continuous financial transactions. Keywords: behaviour; business; economics; knowledge; literacy; management; money; people; research; study
• ETHICS IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: A CONCEPTUAL AND THEORETICAL ANALYSISA by OLANIPEKUN, Lateef Okikiola; JAYEOBA, Foluso Ilesanmi Phd (2022) - When HRM hires ethical employees, chances are high that such employees will be consistent in ethical behavior when faced with ethical dilemmas at the work place (Saiyadain, 2009). Ethical issues arise when the HR executive is put to pressure to favor top management interests over those of other employees an investors Executive perquisites- Executive perquisites make the ethical standard of the HR executive difficult because their cost is often out of proportion to the value added. Keywords: business; employees; ethical; ethics; hrm; human; issues; management; organisation; resource; resource management; workplace
• THE MEDIATING ROLE OF THE WORK LIFE QUALITY IN ENHANCING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MARKETING AMBIDEXTERITY AND STRATEGIC NICHE by Ahmed Muhammadridha Abdulrasool; Taicir Moalla Loukil; Ahmed Abdullah Amanah (2023) - Testing correlations between study variables. Testing direct and indirect effect trends between study variables. Keywords: ambidexterity; business; effect; environment; journal; level; life; management; marketing; ministry; niche; organization; quality; sample; sports; study; value; variable; wlq; work
• THEORETICAL INTERPRETATION OF BUSINESS PROCESSES IN INSURANCE ACTIVITY: GENERALITY AND SPECIFICITY by Khusanov Fakhriddin (2023) - Insurance companies - as a business entity, carry out insurance business processes in risky conditions. Accordingly, insurance business processes consist of a number of sub-processes, and the performance of certain functions, each of which is a factor in achieving tangible results. Keywords: activities; activity; business; business processes; insurance; management; processes; system
• ROLE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN REDUCING PRODUCT COSTS AGRICULTURAL "APPLIED STUDY IN THE NATIONAL PROGRAM FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF WHEAT CULTIVATION IN IRAQ by Dr. Mohammed Abdelwahid Flayyih; Hadeel Ahmed Badr ; Shaymaa Majeed Saeed (2022) - The role of artificial intelligence in reducing agricultural product costs There are applications of artificial intelligence that can contribute to the service of those in charge of agriculture, which contributes to reducing labor costs (Talaviya, 2020 : 64), and the application of many advanced technologies represented by smart agricultural machines to carry out agricultural tasks independently, as agricultural robots, drones and self-driving harvesters reduce costs by detecting agricultural diseases and pests in crops at an early date, which saves time and effort on farms In order to treat them, the drones also work on knowing if the fields are exposed to agricultural pests and then prevent the occurrence of infection (www.althaleej.ae ) The use of robots and robotic arms in production: The use of artificial intelligence applications in production represents a flexible automated examination of production processes (automated control, robots programmed to meet product specifications, self-organizing robots, and robots capable of learning), as well as flexibility in diagnosis, error detection, production control, planning and management in general.(www.discovery.org.in). Keywords: banking; business; costs; crop; economics; harvester; intelligence; journal; management; system; use; volume; wheat
• DECISION SUPPORT FOR SELECTING CONSULTING COMPANIES, MANAGEMENT BUSINESSES, AND OPERATING AIRPORT PROJECTS FOLLOWING LOCAL AND INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS-AN APPLIED STUDY ON NAJAF AL-ASHRAF INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT by Ali Abdulhussein Khaleel Alfadhel; Najaf Al-Ashraf (2023) - The issue of determining mechanisms and guidelines for selecting consulting companies in general and airport management companies in particular is gaining a special watchfulness. The consulting company should set technical standards by highly qualified and experienced practical experts to evaluate airport management companies. Keywords: airport; aviation; business; companies; company; consultants; consulting; management
• MODERN CORPORATE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO THEORETICAL BASIS by Khabibullaeva Shirinkhan Tahir qizi (2023) - In addition, in our country, on December 31, 2015, the Corporate Management Code adopted by the working commission for improving the corporate management system in Uzbekistan was adopted, and the code also defines corporate management as follows: Corporate management is the executive body of a joint-stock company (JSC), its supervisory board, shareholders. Analysis and Results The periods of development of corporate management in Uzbekistan were different and were formed as follows: Recognizing the listed four stages of expropriation and privatization of property, which have become important in the formation of the corporate governance system in Uzbekistan (Table 1), the point of view is put forward that this Decree, which gave the opportunity to develop corporate management relations in a new context, initiated a decisive stage in the development of the corporate management system. Keywords: activities; business; companies; company; governance; management; shareholders; stock
• THE REPERCUSSIONS OF THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR ON RENTIER ECONOMIES -IRAQ IS A CASE STUDY by Fouad Abd Ul-Mohsen AlJeburi; Adil Issa Kadhim Wazni; Muhay Issa Kadhim Wazni (2023) - كما تم ;صياغة عدة توصيات أهمها االستفادة من فروقات االسعار والكميات المصدرة من النفط الخام في تنمية ينبغي االقتصاد العراقي وترشيد االستهالك المحلي. تجهيزها قل إمدادها وترتفع أسعارها ويتأخري إذ ، (النفط والغاز والقمحالطاقة والغذاء )سلع ب تان تعدان ل, فضال عن روسيا وأوكرانيا الالمستهلكة لها و أ لتلك السلعالمنتجة سواء ,مباشر على كثير من الدول , فمن الدول من تراجعت احتياطاتها النقدية وأصبحت مهددة اقتصاديا , نتيجة من أكبر المصدرين للطاقة والقمح ة للطاقة. Keywords: american; banking; business; december; economics; journal; management; volume; www.americanjournal.org; أسعار; االقتصاد; االوكرانية; االيرادات; الحرب; الدول; الروسية; الريعي; العراق; النفط; الى; على
• ANALYSIS OF THE CORRELATION BETWEEN ECONOMICS AND MUSIC by Shadiyev Ikromjon; Askarov Farhod; Polycap Addicka; Akmoldinov Imomali; Anvarov Sardor; Boboyev Abdurahmon; Botirov Hayrullo; Mamurjonov Abdurahmon; Musajonova Malika; Siddiqov Kamoliddin; Sobirjonova Gulnoraxon; Qo’ysinov Zohidjon; Umarova Mushtariy (2024) - A study involving eight nations examined the relationship between music study and academic motivation, revealing significant findings [28]. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 20, | January, 2024 P a g e | 27 www.americanjournal.org ANALYSIS OF THE CORRELATION BETWEEN ECONOMICS AND MUSIC Keywords: business; economics; effects; fergana; impact; industry; journal; music; students; study
• THE ROLE OF CORPORATE FINANCE IN INCREASING THE INVESTMENT POTENTIAL OF COMMERCIAL BANKS by Jo‘rayev O‘ktam Panji o‘g‘li (2024) - the process of production and sale of products, the performance of work and the provision of services, the formation of financial resources and the implementation of investment activities. This led to a wide range of financial relations of enterprises at the stage of primary distribution of the gross domestic product, which made it possible to implicitly include their finances in the general system of public finances (90% of enterprises belonged to the state) Keywords: banking; business; capital; corporation; finance; funds; investment; management; relations
• USING THE ABILITY OF THE E- MANAGEMENT STRATEGY TO BUILD STRATEGIES TO ADDRESS JOB BURNOUT IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS: AN APPLIED STUDY ON A SAMPLE OF ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF WORKING AT BABYLON UNIVERSITY by Mawed Kadhim Jaber (2024) - The study focuses on the importance of e-management strategies and their contribution to the positive impact on the overall administrative function. This study attempts to use data on e-management strategies to reduce burnout and find solutions. Keywords: burnout; business; business management; economics; employees; impact; journal; level; management; research; study; university; work
• RESPONSE OF SHAREHOLDER VALUE VARIATION FOR INFLATION IN THE IRAQI ECONOMY MEDIATED BY STOCKS PRICING EFFICIENCY by Mustafa Hussein Hassan; Estabraq Mahmood Jarallah; Haider Nassrullah Dawood (2024) - The first hypothesis H1-1 was recorded, which states: There is a statistically significant effect of inflation as an independent variable on shareholder value measured using Economic value added as a dependent variable at the level of the research sample for the period (2011-2020). With a standard deviation of (2.33) and a variance of (123%), which confirms the large variation in inflation values for the period covered by the research, the sample for the period under study recorded the highest inflation rate of (8.7) in the month of April 2012, and across years the year (2011) was recorded. Keywords: business; companies; company; economics; effect; efficiency; inflation; jul; jun; level; management; market; period; pricing; pricing efficiency; research; sample; sep; shareholder value; shareholders; stock; value; variable
• WAYS TO OPTIMIZE THE TAX BURDEN ON ORGANIZATIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN by Yuldasheva Umida Asanaliyevna (2024) - In his opinion, tax administration is much broader American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 20 January, 2024 P a g e | 250 www.americanjournal.org than the concept of tax control, it includes not only registration, accounting, control of taxpayers, objects of taxation, but also is associated with the analysis of the effectiveness of taxation, tax burden, and the development of changes in the tax system. In turn, M.S.Mishenina and L.V.Maksimova understand tax administration as a set of procedures that ensure public administration in the field of taxation. Keywords: administration; burden; business; control; management; policy; system; tax; taxes
• ASSESSING THE SCALE AND STRUCTURE OF UNTAXED ECONOMY IN UZBEKISTAN by Alimardonov Gayratjon Nuralievich (2024) - The wide spread of untaxed economic activity in Uzbekistan can be referred to the combination of cultural and socio-economic factors that have shaped the national economic environment (Table 1): In reliance upon the data in Table 1, understanding these cultural and socioeconomic factors provides important insights into the drivers of untaxed economic activity in Uzbekistan. Keywords: activities; activity; business; data; economic; economy; sales; sector; services; uzbekistan
• STUDYING THE EFFECT OF ANALYZING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOME MONETARY VARIABLES AND REALITY ON THE IRAQI BALANCE OF PAYMENTS by Anwar Mezher Hamdullah; Zahrah Khlaif Rafak (2024) - Chi-Square(2) 0.1132 -F)، إذ ُنالحظ بأن القيمة االحتمالية ل ARCH)( نتائج اختبار مشكلة اختالف التباين ل )9يوضح الجدول ) statistic) تبلغ(Prob=0.1245) ( وهذا يعني إن األنموذج يخلو من مشكلة اختالف 5وهي أكبر من ،)% American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 21 February, 2024 P a g e | 17 www.americanjournal.org تنص على عدم وجود مشكلة اختالف التباين بين )التباين، ومن تحويل إلى الحقيقي الصرف سعر يؤدي اذ ، الموارد تخصيص في التغير الى يؤدي الصرف سعر في التغيير ان ، صفحة 1987)كنونه، أخرى صناعية فروع تعطيل أو معينة صناعات تطوير يتم فقد القطاعات بين الموارد الموارد وتحويل بالتصدير مختصة صناعية فروع تعطيل إلى ؤديي سوف الحقيقي الصرف سعر ،ارتفاع (204 غير التصدير اجل من اإلنتاج ويصبح بها( المتاجر غير )السلع دوليا المتداولة غير السلع قطاع إلى جذبها أو خالل من للتصدير المخصصة الصناعات تطوير إلى يؤدي الحقيقي الصرف سعر انخفاض حالة في أما مربح، وفي التصدير قطاع في المال( ورأس )العمل اإلنتاج عاملي استخدام وزيادة القطاعات بقية من الموارد تحويل .(20، صفحة 1997)الصادق واخرون، لالستيراد المنافسة الصناعات التنافسية والقدرة الحقيقي الصرف سعر بين عكسية عالقة هناك إن أعاله الرياضية العالقة خالل من يتضح أي وبالعكس المدفوعات ميزان على التاثير وبالتالي التنافسية القدرة تزداد الحقيقي الصرف سعر ينخفض فعندما اآلتي: الشكل خالل من هذا توضيح ويمكن الدولية التنافسية القدرة تنخفض الحقيقي الصرف سعر يرتفع عندما الدولية التنافسية والقدرة الحقيقي الصرف سعر بين العالقة)1) شكل Pfe pd . Keywords: american; banking; banking volume; business; business management; economics; february; gdp; journal; management; prob; statistic; volume; www.americanjournal.org; إلى; االجمالي; االختبار; اختبار; التي; الحقيقي; الصرف; المتغيرات; المحلي; المدفوعات; الناتج; بين; خالل; سعر; على; مشكلة; ميزان; نتائج; هذا
• ESSENCE, OBJECTIVES, ADVANTAGES AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNET MARKETING by Samar Alikulov (2022) - Internet marketing is a set of marketing tools that help attract new customers and retain old ones. In terms of tools and channels of promotion, Internet marketing is very similar to Digital Market Keywords: advertising; business; internet; internet marketing; marketing
• IMPORTANCE OF REGULATION AND LEGAL REGULATION OF ACCOUNTING IN ENTERPRISES SMALL BUSINESS by Pirakhunova F. N.; Fayzaliyeva D. F. (2024) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 21, | February, 2024 P a g e | 66 www.americanjournal.org IMPORTANCE OF REGULATION AND LEGAL REGULATION OF ACCOUNTING IN ENTERPRISES SMALL BUSINESS Pirakhunova F.N. STARS International University Dean of the Faculty of Global Business Technology and Finance Faridapirohunova@gmail.com Fayzaliyeva D. F. STARS International University 3rd Year Student Majoring in Accounting and Audit A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S In particular, accounting policies must be in accordance with internal policies, as well as the construction of the tax system. Keywords: accounting; business; enterprise; information
• THE IMPACT OF BANK GOVERNANCE IN LIGHT OF FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC CRISES- AN APPLIED STUDY IN THE IRAQI MIDDLE EAST INVESTMENT BANK – BAGHDAD by Assistant Prof Jasim. M, Doai; Assistant Lecturer. Hanan Jumaa Hanzal (2024) - The importance of the bank under study and other banks applying governance principles and standards as it is a precautionary step to confront crises before they occur . 4.080 1.0376 2 - determine the membership of boardThe bank sets standards that members in the board of the bank and other banks . Keywords: bank; banking; board; business; crisis; governance; management; mean; research; table; variable; work
• ASSIGNMENT BY ASSIGNMENT MODE by Abdul Hassan Rahim (2024) - اقل عدد من الخطوط المستقيمة التي تغطي القيم الصفرية ي أصغر قيمة أمكانيات رات و ب الذين لديهم خ نهليؤ ات ويبقى المءاعطفحص ال من هدف البحث -2 جا في البحث الى نب يهدف النظري استخدام ه أسلوب وحله نموذج عرض باستخدامالتخصص ببرنامج وباالستعانة ية ر نغاهال الطريقة win Qsb ت يينالثانو ن المقاولي اختيارفي ميم علغرض قدم سلوب الماال د اماعت مما يشجع على و استخدام هذا االسلوب الحقاً. Keywords: american; banking; business; economics; journal; management; march; volume; االمثل; اقل; التخصيص; التي; الخطوط; القيم; الموارد; الى; صفر; عدد; على; يتم
• THE IMPACT OF INTEREST RATE AND FOREIGN EXCHANGE CHANGES ON PUBLIC DEBT IN IRAQ by Lect. Dr. Jabbar Saadoon Darag (2024) - 1- There is a relationship between public debt and interest rate changes with respect to domestic public debt, and foreign exchange rate changes, and with respect to foreign public debt. The study reached a set of results, most notably the presence of an indirect effect of the decline in economic growth on the development of public debt through the decline of the tax revenue channel in the general budget, With the existence of a reciprocal relationship, as interest rate increases lead to an increase in public debt through the general budget deficit variable as an intermediary variable, and it was also shown that the impact of the exchange rate on foreign public debt in the short term is weak, compared to the high impact of the interest rate on the development of domestic public debt from Through the channel of public debt burdens as one of the items of public spending, it was also observed that there is an indirect effect of gross domestic saving on public debt through the channel of interest rates on the one hand, and the decline in gross domestic product on the other hand, which indicates that the impact of changes in interest rates is more The effectiveness of the impact of changes in exchange rates on public debt, both domestic and foreign. - Bidaa Jawad Kazem, Alaa Jassim Muhammad, measuring the impact of public debt on the exchange rate in Iraq, for the period (2004-2022). Keywords: business; debt; economics; exchange; exchange rate; interest; journal; rate; statistic; test
• ECONOMIC ESSENCE OF CURRENT ASSETS AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING by Normatova Gulmira Xayrullaevna (2024) - Other literature on the industry provides the following commonly used formula of current assets: Current assets = cash + cash equivalents + Reserve + removable schemes + marketable securities + prepaid expenses + other liquid assets (Current assets = Cash + Cash Equivalents + Inventory + Accounts Receivable + Market Securities + Prepaid Expenses + Other Liquid Assets) Improving the methodological aspects of current asset accounting, analysis and audit. Keywords: accounting; assets; business; entity; management; materials
• ACCOUNTING MEASUREMENT UNDER SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND ITS REFLECTION ON PERFORMANCE AND COMPANY VALUE-APPLIED STUDY IN A SAMPLE OF IRAQI INDUSTRIAL COMPANIES by Ahmed Rahi Abed; Zina Adnan Kareem; Maytham Hazim Azeez Khzaee (2024) - Tobin's Q=(Total market value + Total book value liabilities )/(Total book value of assets) Where it represents: Where the modified model was used according to many researchers to become Company value = market value of equity ÷ book value of total assets To this end, concepts of social responsibility, accounting for social responsibility, and company value are defined, and the significance of social responsibility accounting disclosure in the financial statements of industrial companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange is stated. Keywords: accounting; business; company; correlation; disclosure; economics; responsibility; tobin; value
• STUDYING THE EFFECT OF INSTITUTIONAL PRESSURES ON THE INTENTION TO ADOPT GREEN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS AS THE MEDIATING VARIABLE by Kasim M Jalod (2022) - لفب صت تةصه صمى ع دصت صمتظ تتالى فظ رةصن أنم م ن صمض د فت صمةصاافلى صم ل ن أن صم مص ب ت يب أه صفلص صمر ش دم د صمتصمظ س ت ف أن د ص دص ب فيخ هص صمتيث صمرةصشخ صمرتيتظ ن دم صمتيث صمرتل صم خ .ملرتل صمريخت ا فظ صمرتل صمتص مو دصم يخةب صمةصس ب American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 6, Nov., 2022 P a g e | 69 www.americanjournal.org % فخين صم فظ صمة ئظ رخخخخف خي خ تل ت خخخخ م ب خص صمفقسخب ن صمرتل صمريخخخخت خا 80% د20سخ دسفخب ن (VAF) Keywords: american; banking; business; economics; journal; management; nov; volume; www.americanjournal.org; امى; ت صمرة; ت م; تة ظ; تيث; ص ص; ص ن; صإلم; صماض; صماض ص; صمة; صمةصاا; صمةعا; صمتظ; صمذب; صمرة; صمرفل; صمش; صمضل; صمضل ت; صمع; صمف; صمل; فلى; فلى ص; م ص; م م; متة; هذص
• CUSTOMER HOPE IN VIRTUAL BRAND COMMUNITIES: A LITERATURE REVIEW by Abbas Fadel Sultan; Saif Ali Jasim; Sahar Jabbar Rahman (2024) - (Bazrafkan et al.,2020) وتوصييل .(Fazal-e-Hasan et al.,2019) الشييرا عواقب إلى يؤدي وهذا والعمال ، التجارية العالمة بنن بالعالقة معرفتنا تزداد االتصيياالت، تبادالت في المسييتهل أمل دور تقننم التي التجارية العالمة قنمة بنن االفتراض تم .التجارية للعالمة الوال من أعلى مسيتويات UGT. وهو الشيخصينة، التجارية بالعالمة المجتمعنة الهوية يربط Keywords: brand; business; consumer; et al; hope; journal; management; إلى; األمل; اإلنترنت; االفتراضينة; التجارية; التفاعل; التي; الدراسية; الزبون; الشيرا; العالمات; العالمة; العمال; المسيتهلينن; المنتج; بنن; تحقنق; تنثنر; عبر; على; مجتمعات; هذه; يمين
• METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ABILITY by Qaxramon Madraximov; Mansur Matkarimov; Azizbek Yakubov; Jahongirbek Nurjonov (2025) - Table 1 Self-assessment of entrepreneurial abilities of young people results № State of entrepreneurial ability (according to points accumulated as a result of yes or no answers) Qualitative levels of entrepreneurial ability of respondents By leveraging survey data, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse on methodological approaches to entrepreneurial assessment, providing valuable insights into the self-perceived competencies of aspiring entrepreneurs. Keywords: ability; activity; assessment; business; entrepreneurship; individuals; level; self
• CORPORATE LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT AND FIRM FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE by Monday Olade, Izevbekhai (PhD, ACIT); Owa, Frederick (PhD, CNA) (2024) - Inventory Days and Firm Financial Performance Anene (2018) analyzed inventory management performance of Corporate India by using three financial parameters - Cash Conversion Efficiency Days Operating Cycle and Days Inventory and by assigning them different weights in the overall score, to rank and analyse inventory management performance. Moussa (2019) investigated Management of working capital, company performance, and type of business. Keywords: business; capital; company; firms; inventory; journal; liquidity; management; nigeria; performance; period; profitability; working
• FORMATION OF COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES OF THE ENTERPRISE by Bekbayeva Feruza Baxtiyerovna (2024) - This article explores the process of forming competitive advantages within enterprises, aiming to elucidate strategies and methodologies that foster organizational success in competitive markets. This pursuit of competitive advantage has become a cornerstone of strategic management, driving firms to continuously innovate and differentiate themselves in the market [1]. Keywords: advantages; business; capabilities; management; market
• THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS ON ACHIEVING COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE FOR PRIVATE COMMERCIAL BANKS by Taleb Hmad Awad (2024) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 23, | April - 2024 P a g e | 113 www.americanjournal.org THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS ON ACHIEVING COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE FOR PRIVATE COMMERCIAL BANKS Taleb Hmad Awad Accounting Techniques Dept., Technical Institute of Anbar, Middle Technical University, Iraq. Financial statement analysis is considered a strategic tool that enables banks to understand their financial performance and make the right decisions. Keywords: advantage; analysis; banking; banks; business; data; management; organization; performance; ratios; return; statements; time
• TRANSFORMATION OF AUDIT SERVICE by Guzal Yashinovna Babaeva; Sagdiana Doniyor qizi Namozova (2024) - Remote audit as a new approach Audit practitioners are gradually introducing communication and analytical technologies to scale, change timelines, and reduce the cost of audit processes. In addition to the requirements, motivations, and technologies associated with remote auditing, the central role is played by the reengineering of audit processes. Keywords: audit; auditing; auditors; business; communication; data; management; process; teams; technologies; use
• THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRATEGIC IMPROVISATION AND INNOVATIVE BEHAVIOR IN JORDAN FROM LITERARY REVIEW PERSPECTIVE by Dua’a Adnan M Abu Shariah; Kamel Mohammad AL Hawajreh (2024) - Hence, strategic improvisation emerged to deal with challenges and events so that there is a rapid response to all data, in addition to compatibility of business innovation in a way that suits the volatile business environment. The comprehensive review study concluded that there is a positive relationship between strategic improvisation and innovation. Keywords: business; et al; improvisation; innovation; journal; management
• DECIPHERING E-COMMERCE: TYPES, EFFECTS, AND TRANSACTIONAL DYNAMICS by Dilafruz Sodiqova Zoxid qizi (2024) - Consumers can access e-commerce platforms from anywhere in the world and place orders at any time of day or night. • Cultural differences in purchasing behavior: Bargaining deals with suppliers is common in developed countries, posing a challenge for e-commerce adoption in developing nations where such practices are less prevalent. Keywords: business; commerce; consumer; https://www.researchgate.net/profile/vipin-jain-13/publication/351775073_an_overview_of_electronic_commerce_e-commerce/links/60a8d9af45851522bc0aed79/an-overview-of-electronic-commerce-e-commerce.pdf; journal; services; transactions
• SOME ASPECTS OF IMPROVING THE REGULATION OF FOREIGN TRADE ACTIVITIES OF BUSINESS ENTITIES by Turayev N. M. (2024) - Before carrying out foreign trade activities at the enterprise level, careful planning, as well as the optimal organization of the process in the form of various operations, as well as the management of successful regulatory affairs through effective control, is the main goal of every entrepreneur engaged in foreign trade today. Profit obtained without compliance with such regulations may lead to excessive costs and loss of time resources for an entrepreneur who is a subject of foreign trade, the results of observations have shown that in practice, some of our entrepreneurs, when they start conducting foreign trade activities, do not have knowledge in this regard and skills, experience shortages are observed, as a result of which they are forced to accept the occurrence of excessive unexpected costs. Keywords: activities; business; goods; regulation; state; trade
• PERSONNELS IN DIFFERENT ORGANIZATIONS AND THE ESSENCE OF THIS PROCESS by Isroilov Islomiddin Kamoliddin o‘g‘li (2024) -  What are the types of candidate selection methods? What are the types of candidate selection methods? Keywords: business; companies; company; hypothesis; job; methods; process; recruitment; selection; test; use
• SERVICE DELIVERY PROCESS AND CUSTOMER RETENTION OF AIRLINES IN RIVERS STATE by Nzenwa, Charles; Eke, Haniel O. (Ph.D); Prof. Emeka J. Okereke (2024) - Av cargo Aviation Omagwua 9 Cargolux Airlines Omagwua 10 Nordic Global Airlines Omagwua DOMESTIC AIRLINES 11 Air Peace 55B Old Aba Road, Rumuobiakani 12 Dana Air Port Harcourt International Airport, Omagwa 13 Arik Air Eastern Garden House 47 Aba Road, New GRA 14 Aero Contractors Air Force Base, Port Harcourt 15 Max Air Port Harcourt International Airport, Omagwa 16 Ibom Air Port Harcourt International Airport, Omagwa 17 First Nations Airlines Eastern Garden House, 10 Ogbunabali 18 Green Nation Airlines Port Harcourt International Airport, Omagwa 19 Donier Aviation Air Force Base, Port Harcourt 20 Med-View Airlines Port Harcourt International Airport, Omagwa 21 Azman Airlines Port Harcourt International Airport, Omagwa 22 Allied Air Port Harcourt International Airport, Omagwa 23 Discovery Air Omagwua 24 Next Oil Aviation Air Force Base, Port Harcourt Source: businesslist.com.ng Sample and Sampling Techniques: Data was collected from the management staff of aviation organisations, including air traffic controllers, airport security managers, airport operations managers, air cargo managers, and customer service professionals, who have a minimum of five years of work experience. Service process blueprinting significantly and positively correlates with customer retention. Keywords: airlines; blueprinting; business; commitment; correlation; customer; customer retention; customer satisfaction; innovation; process; retention; satisfaction; self; service; service process; technology
• WAYS TO REDUCE RISKS AFFECTING THE INCREASE OF ENTERPRISE INCOME by Sadullayev Oybek Turdiali ugli (2024) - Enterprise income, risk, types of risk, financial risk, market risk, liquidity risk, differential marketing strategy, SMART methodology, BIA method, “income-factors-risk-income” concept. In addition, financial risks are widely covered as the biggest types of tests that affect the income of enterprises. Keywords: business; enterprise; income; marketing; risk
• SOCIAL INDICATORS OF THE USE OF HUMAN RESOURCES IN SUPPORT OF BUSINESS ACTIVITY IN UZBEKISTAN by Alimardonova Gulifzoda Alimardon kizi (2024) - Because private business activity is one of the important sectors of our country's economy and ensures social and economic stability. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 28, | September - 2024 P a g e | 15 www.americanjournal.org SOCIAL INDICATORS OF THE USE OF HUMAN RESOURCES IN SUPPORT OF BUSINESS ACTIVITY IN UZBEKISTAN Alimardonova Gulifzoda Alimardon kizi Student, Karshi State University Uzbekistan A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S Keywords: business; country; entrepreneurship; resources; state
• STRATEGIC ALLIANCES ON THE SUSTAINABILITY OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMES) IN RIVERS STATE by Wegwu, Macaulay Enyindah (2024) - Strategic alignment is a key dimension of strategic alliances that significantly impacts the sustainability of SMEs. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 29, | October - 2024 P a g e | 5 www.americanjournal.org STRATEGIC ALLIANCES ON THE SUSTAINABILITY OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMES) IN RIVERS STATE Wegwu, Macaulay Enyindah Department of Management, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This study investigates the impact of strategic alliances on the sustainability of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Rivers State, Nigeria. Keywords: alliances; business; efficiency; market; rivers; sharing; smes; state; sustainability
• DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION: ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES ON COMPETITIVENESS AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS by Umida A. Sharipova (2024) - 3. Challenges of Digital Transformation While the benefits of digital transformation are clear, businesses face several challenges in adopting digital technologies. The impact of digital transformation on international business development is profound. Keywords: business; data; digital; global; international; technologies
• THE IMPACT OF COVERT ADVERTISING ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOR by Ruzimuratov Akmal Bakhodirovich (2024) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 29, | October - 2024 P a g e | 50 www.americanjournal.org THE IMPACT OF COVERT ADVERTISING ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOR Covert advertising, in turn, integrates the same content but in a less intrusive way, allowing the brands that use it to gain more trust from consumers. Keywords: advertising; brand; business; consumers; content; example; marketing; media; product; trust
• FORMS, MODELS AND MECHANISMS OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN THE SERVICE SECTOR by Utemuratova Gulnarakhan Khojaniyazovna (2024) - State and business: institutional aspects. Also, at present, it is necessary to implement prospective cooperation with private business and to ensure optimal harmony with the means and measures of state regulation of competition. Keywords: business; partnership; ppp; sector; state
• INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO RISK MANAGEMENT IN ENTERPRISES: A CASE STUDY ANALYSIS by Abdisharipova Akljan Ismailovna (2024) - The introduction of enterprise risk management (ERM) in the 1990s marked a shift toward a more structured, organization-wide approach to assessing and mitigating risks (Kaplan & Mikes, 2012). American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 30, | November - 2024 P a g e | 23 www.americanjournal.org INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO RISK MANAGEMENT IN ENTERPRISES: A CASE STUDY ANALYSIS Abdisharipova Akljan Ismailovna Chief Accountant of the State Multidisciplinary Specialized Preschool Organization with the Reabelization Center” Imkon” Tashkent, Uzbekistan Umida A. Sharipova Ph.D. in Economics, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of International Finance and Investments, University of World Economy and Diplomacy, Associate Professor at the Nordic International University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Email: umida-@mail.ru A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S The evolution of risk management has driven enterprises to adopt innovative approaches that not only mitigate potential threats but also capitalize on emerging opportunities. Keywords: analytics; business; journal; management; predictive; risk
• SOME ASPECTS OF CURRENT STATE OF FINANCING THE HOTEL BUSINESS IN UZBEKISTAN by Abdurakhmonova Ziyoda Abdullaevna (2024) - Hotel, hotel business, hotel finance, capital, equity capital, liabilities, financing hotel business. It is no exaggeration to consider tourism and hotel business as an inseparable unit. Keywords: business; capital; financing; hotel; management; research; volume
• PRACTICE OF CREDITATION TO SMALL BUSINESSES BY COMMERCIAL BANKS OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN by Olimova Muxlisa Vohidjon qizi (2024) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 31, | December - 2024 P a g e | 72 www.americanjournal.org PRACTICE OF CREDITATION TO SMALL BUSINESSES BY COMMERCIAL BANKS OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN Olimova Muxlisa Vohidjon qizi Tashkent State University of Economics A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S The practice of lending to small businesses by commercial banks of the Republic of Uzbekistan was analyzed. Keywords: banking; banks; business; loans; republic; state; uzbekistan
• EFFECTIVE PROSPECTS FOR IMPLEMENTING DIGITAL GOVERNANCE IN THE ENTERPRISES by Xodjаmurаtovа Gulbаxаr Yuldаshevnа (2024) - The main goal of digital management is to optimize business processes, speed up decision-making, and increase productivity. Digital management, digitalization, automation, business processes, technological transformation, efficiency, innovation, enterprise management, competitiveness, ERP system, CRM system, data analytics. Keywords: business; enterprise; management; processes
• THE IMPORTANCE OF PROFIT IN ECONOMICS AND ITS MAIN ASPECTS by F. A. Khakimov (2024) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 31, | December - 2024 P a g e | 96 www.americanjournal.org THE IMPORTANCE OF PROFIT IN ECONOMICS AND ITS MAIN ASPECTS F. A. Khakimov Teacher of Termez State University of Engineering and Agrotechnology A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S The article describes the economic essence of profit and the characteristics of the initial theoretical framework of its formation through the views of the manifestations of antiquity, as well as some economic schools, and the conclusions as a result of which are presented. Keywords: business; formation; profit; trade; wealth
• MODERN APPROACHES TO ASSESSING THE EFFICIENCY OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES: KEY FEATURES by Matchanov Azamat Abadovich (2025) - A method of efficiency analysis that focuses on cost reduction and cost optimization. To assess the efficiency of energy enterprises, it is recommended to conduct a detailed data analysis using a variety of analytical methods and using an up-to-date information base. Keywords: analysis; approach; business; company; effectiveness; efficiency; enterprises; indicators
• PROBLEMS OF ASSESSING BUSINESS VALUE IN MODERN CONDITIONS by Khomitov K. Z. (2025) - Solving these tasks requires the analysis of the activities of business enterprises and the laws of their development, the assessment of entrepreneurial activity and the value of business for various purposes, taking into account the characteristics of world practices, and the need to conduct scientific research devoted to its future development. Khodiev B.Yu., Alimov R., Berkinov B.B., Kravcheno A. Business value assessment. Keywords: approach; business; enterprise; income; method; use; valuation; value
• TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL RESILIENCE: A THEORETICAL SERMON by Maxwell Nwinye (2024) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 26, | July - 2024 P a g e | 56 www.americanjournal.org TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL RESILIENCE: A THEORETICAL SERMON Maxwell Nwinye Department on Management, Faculty of Management Sciences University of Port Harcourt A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S High operating challenges affecting shipping companies in Rivers State, Nigeria specifically came from neglect on total quality management (TQM). The researcher concluded that successful implementation of total quality management using employee involvement could lead to robustness and agility of the firm. Keywords: business; companies; improvement; journal; management; organization; quality; quality management; resilience; total
• APPLICATION OF THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF MARKETING IN THE MODERN ECONOMY by Rakhmonov DJobir Amonovich (2022) - An integral part of the modern economy, due to certain limitations, is the fusion of communication marketing with relationship marketing. Pisareva E.V. Imperatives and guidelines for the evolution of marketing theory in the context of the formation of a surplus economy. Keywords: business; economy; management; marketing
• HUMAN RESOURCE ACCOUNTING AND FIRM PROFITABILITY IN NIGERIA: ANALYSIS OF NIGERIAN BREWERIES PLC by Syder, Inuadume Daniel; Akandu, Chituru Justice (2025) - Some previous studies have spotted the lag in standards for provision on human resources accounting and its reporting gap. Therefore, According to the American Accounting Association (1973), human resource accounting is the process of identifying, measuring, and sharing information about human resources with interested parties. Keywords: accounting; breweries; business; cost; employee; journal; log; nigerian; performance; plc; profit; resource; tax
• PROSPECTS OF EXPANDING THE REVENUE BASE IN THE TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES OF COMMERCIAL BANKS by Ernazarov Narmet Saparbayevich (2025) - This article is an important scientific and practical aspect in the process of expanding the income base of commercial banks in the process of transformation. Commercial banks should allocate the resources involved in various asset operations. Keywords: banking; banks; business; income; interest; system
• DIVIDENDS PAYOUT, MARKET CAPITALIZATION AND MARKET VALUE OF MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA by Henry Wobo; Asian Asian Umobong (2025) - Measurement of Variables: Independent variables DIVi, t = Dividends payout ratio of firm i in year t as a proxy of firm dividend policy. The study found a positive significant relationship of dividend with Tobin q implying that increases in firm dividend increases Tobin q. Keywords: business; capitalization; dividend; dividend policy; earnings; economics; firm; journal; management; market; model; payout; policy; price; ratio; relationship; share; study; tobin; value
• A REVIEW OF GREEN ACCOUNTING IN EMERGING ECONOMIES by Shodiev Erkin Temirovich (2025) - Green accounting, and Sustainability are the most frequently used terms in the field of green accounting research. A REVIEW OF GREEN ACCOUNTING IN EMERGING ECONOMIES Shodiev Erkin Temirovich, PhD, Makhkamboev Komil Abdulkhakovich, PhD, Faculty of Economics, Mamun University, Uzbekistan. Ma'mun-University NTM, Department of Accounting and Business Management, Khiva, Uzbekistan A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S Keywords: accounting; analysis; business; management; research; sustainability
• STABILITY RATING IN DIGITAL FISCAL GOVERNANCE: METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS AND PRACTICAL EFFECTIVENESS by Abdullayev Zafarbek Safibullayevich (2025) - For the analysis of rating indicators, a digital monitoring approach was applied based on diagnostic assessment, their mechanisms of operation on an algorithmic basis, as well as data formed through an automated platform. Stability rating, fiscal governance, tax discipline, entrepreneurial entities, digital transformation, assessment indicators, automated platform, VAT, turnover tax, rating methodology, fiscal reforms, international rating systems. Keywords: assessment; business; discipline; entities; indicators; rating; stability; system; tax
• THE ROLE OF ACCELERATORS AND INCUBATORS IN FINANCING INNOVATIVE STARTUPS by Aminov Farrukh Farkhadovich (2025) - At a time when creating conditions for the development of innovative entrepreneurship in our country has become one of the priorities of state policy, the issue of improving startup financing mechanisms is extremely urgent [2]. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 35, April - 2025 P a g e | 97 www.americanjournal.org THE ROLE OF ACCELERATORS AND INCUBATORS IN FINANCING INNOVATIVE STARTUPS Aminov Farrukh Farkhadovich Independent Researcher Tashkent State University of Economics Email: Aminov1982@gmail.com A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S The article studies the views of leading world scientists on the role of accelerators and incubators in financing innovative startups, analyzes the activities of accelerators and incubators in our country, and conducts a comparative analysis of the financing mechanisms used by accelerators and incubators in Uzbekistan and abroad, develops substantiated conclusions and proposals on the role of accelerators and incubators in financing innovative startups, and provides recommendations for their application in our country. Keywords: accelerators; business; financing; incubators; mechanisms; startups; uzbekistan
• INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION AND INNOVATION IN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN RIVERS STATE by Ofoegbu, Wilson ; Princewill, Sunny Joshua (2023) - Therefore, this study seeks to investigate the nexus between information technology adoption and innovation in manufacturing firms. Lohr, (2007) submits that Information technology adoption (IT adoption) has globally transformed management practices and work processes. Keywords: adoption; business; firms; information; information technology; infrastructure; innovation; journal; learning; management; manufacturing; new; technology; technology adoption
• TEACHING BUSINESS ENGLISH IN UZBEKISTAN: NEEDS, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES by Mirzaev Djurabek Oltibayevich (2025) - Infrastructure and Gaps While many universities offer Business English courses, the curriculum often lacks practical relevance. Findings / Analysis Role of Business English in Practice Business English serves as a bridge in communication with international companies, assisting in contract negotiations, formal emails, and virtual meetings. Keywords: business; english; language; uzbekistan
• SCIENTIFIC AND THEORETICAL BASIS OF INVESTMENTS IN FIXED CAPITAL by Khoshimov Sabir Murtazaevich (2025) - We can see how fixed capital investment differs from capital investment in the information in Table 1 below. The difference between the concepts of capital investment and fixed capital investment 5 Signs Capital investments Investments in fixed capital Scope of application Costs of creating and purchasing fixed assets All expenses aimed at increasing the value of fixed assets The breadth of the concept Special case for investments A broader concept that includes all types of investments in fixed capital The goal Creating and purchasing fixed assets for long-term activities An increase in the value of fixed assets, an increase in production and profit Other types Does not include other types of investments (financial, intangible assets, etc.). Keywords: assets; business; capital; concept; investments; production; value
• RESOLVING CONSUMERS DISPUTES WITHIN THE CAMEROONIAN BANKING SECTOR: A LEGAL ANALYSIS by Bafuke Evarestus NJI. PhD (2022) - Section 32 of the 2011 on consumers protection law puts its succinctly clearly that whosoever gives false information on the quality of technology, goods or services supplied to a consumer shall be punished with imprisonment of from six months to two years or with fine of from 200,000(two hundred thousand) to 1,000,000 (one million) CFA Frs., or with both such imprisonment and fine. Despite this laudable and worth applauding initiatives all aimed at protecting the rights of the consumers, banking consumers still encounter hardship due to the consistent violation of their rights by the professionals of the field. Keywords: account; action; banking; banking services; breach; business; cameroon; cheque; consumers; contract; customer; dispute; duty; information; law; protection; rights; services
• ISSUES OF IMPROVING THE TAX STRATEGY IN UZBEKISTAN BASED ON THE EXPERIENCE OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES by Jumaev Shukhrat (2025) - Including - incomplete compliance of the services provided to taxpayers with modern requirements, including the lack of a unified standard for servicing taxpayers, the absence of a system for assessing and monitoring the quality of tax services and consultations provided; - the fragmented and inconsistent work of tax authorities to combat the widespread practice of concealing the volume of income by taxpayers, using tax evasion schemes, which may lead to a decrease in tax discipline, the preservation of the scale of the shadow economy, and the deterioration of business conditions for conscientious entrepreneurs; - in parallel with the introduction of modern methods of management and human resource development, the anti-corruption compliance control policy has not been strengthened, and decent working conditions have not been created for employees, especially in the structural units of districts and cities; - the application of tax control tools not only to unscrupulous taxpayers, the absence of a system of incentives for transitioning to the category of conscientious taxpayers. If in the scientific research of one of the scientists of our country, E.Gadoev, the directions of tax policy for each type of tax are scientifically and methodologically revealed, then in the research work of S.Khudoykulov, the importance of forecasting revenues in the formation of budget revenues is substantiated. Keywords: authorities; business; management; policy; strategy; system; tax; tax policy; taxpayers
• DIRECTIONS FOR USING THE EXPERIENCE OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES IN APPLYING TAX INCENTIVES by Tukhsanov Kudratillo Nozimovich (2025) - For example, identifying the goals of tax incentives to encourage investment, create new jobs, or support certain sectors; -providing tax benefits and loans for enterprises that invest in R & D and innovation. A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article describes the theoretical issues of taxing the activities of enterprises, directions for encouraging their activities through the tax mechanism, and the international experience of providing tax incentives in the tax system of some foreign countries. Keywords: benefits; business; countries; enterprises; tax
• FORMALIZATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL AGILITY IN QUICK SERVICE RESTAURANTS IN PORT HARCOURT, RIVERS STATE by Jonah, Charles Tambari; Nzei, Justina Akhere (2024) - This study investigates the interplay between formalization and organizational agility, focusing on how varying levels of formalization impact agility across different sectors. The quest by organisations to achieve organizational agility is traceable to the rapid technological advancements, shifting market dynamics, which has engendered competitiveness in the marketplace. Keywords: agility; business; decision; formalization; journal; making; management; organizations; relationship; research; study
• STRATEGIC COMMUNICATION AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT IN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY IN RIVERS STATE by Laguo Livingstone Gilbert; Lolo Teddy Adias (2025) - Communication Theory provides a foundational lens through which the processes, mechanisms, and effects of organizational communication can be systematically understood. It is grounded in organizational communication, which focuses on how individuals interpret and respond to messages within institutional settings (Nzitunga, 2016). Keywords: business; change; change management; channels; clarity; communication; employee; hospitality; involvement; journal; management; rivers; state; study
• SCIENTIFIC-THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO CLARIFYING INTERNATIONAL TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES IN THE ACTIVITIES OF COMMERCIAL BANKS by Khashimov Ogabek Nizamjon ugli (2025) - In general when you get it , commercial banks digital transformation financial services new to the stage take out , customer need more complete satisfy , risks reduce and far term stable development to provide service This will do . Recommendations were developed for the modernization of the banking system in Uzbekistan, the implementation of international transformation processes, the widespread use of modern mobile and digital technologies, the diversification of banking services, and increasing security. Keywords: activities; banking; banks; business; customer; digital; management; mobile; services; stage; technologies; transformation
• METHODS OF GOODWILL ASSESSMENT AND WAYS TO IMPROVE THEM by Kasimova Sayora Karimjon qizi (2025) - To use this method, you need to know the industry average profitability ratios of companies. Advantages and disadvantages of goodwill valuation methods № Evaluation Method Advantages Disadvantages Quantitative Methods 1 Method of assessing goodwill based on the market capitalization indicator Simplicity of calculation based on the current value of the company's listed shares This method is applicable only to companies in the form of a joint-stock company 2 Method of excess profit Determining the economic effect of business reputation in business Common errors associated with inaccurate determination of net income, as well as the capitalization ratio 3 Method of excess resources Keywords: assets; business; company; goodwill; method; reputation; value
• PROSPECTS FOR ENHANCING INCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ACTIVITY THROUGH MODERN TECHNOLOGIES by Kobiljon Abdukodirovich Isayev (2025) - Bringing technology services to visually impaired entrepreneurs living in rural and mountainous areas can be a valuable business concept. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 43, December - 2025 P a g e | 79 www.americanjournal.org PROSPECTS FOR ENHANCING INCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ACTIVITY THROUGH MODERN TECHNOLOGIES Kobiljon Abdukodirovich Isayev Associate Professor, Department of World Economy and International Economic Relations qobiliy.isaev@gmail.com ORCID: 0000-0002-4128-6354 A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article discusses the role and prospects of modern technologies in enhancing the economic activity of visually impaired individuals. Keywords: activity; braille; business; disabilities; economics; employment; individuals; information; international; management; persons; technologies; technology; users; uzbekistan
• THE EFFECT OF COVID-19 VIRUS ON BANKING EXECUTION by Ammar Imad Khalaf Halboosh; Ali Sh. Abdeol.wahab; Sajjad Habeeb Younus (2023) - Generally, the outcomes indicate that the predicament and the countercyclical offering task that banks are anticipated to act have put banking schemes under substantial strain, with bank stocks underachieving their local marketplaces and other non-banking financial companies. In addition, it studies the influence of finance sector strategical declarations on the working of bank stocks. Keywords: arab; banking; banks; business; central; covid-19; crisis; economics; economy; journal; management; monetary; pandemic; performance; sector; volume
• THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION ON THE QUALITY OF FINANCIAL REPORTS A FIELD STUDY IN A SAMPLE OF BANKS LISTED IN THE IRAQI STOCK EXCHANGE by Mustafa Saeed Hasan (2023) - The importance of digital transformation at the level of economic units Digital transformation is of tangible importance at the level of economic units and various stakeholders and through the following: (Amin, 2022:63). whenever the economic unit moves towards digital transformation whenever this results in the adequacy and reliability of accounting information and thus the benefit to its users, The study also found a moral impact of digital transformation on the quality of financial reports (appropriate and genuine representation). Keywords: accounting; accounting information; banking; business; digital; economic; impact; information; journal; management; quality; reports; study; transformation
• THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY ON THE FINANCIAL QUALITY ENHANCING OF BANKING ELECTRONIC SERVICES IN JORDANIAN COMMERCIAL BANKS by Safa’a Mustafa Jaber; Mahmood Abushareah (2023) - 0000-0003-3545-4486 A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This study aimed to investigate the impact of financial technology dimensions on improving the quality of electronic banking services at Jordanian commercial banks in the capital, Amman, from the viewpoint of bank customers. Accordingly, the study recommends the need for Jordanian commercial bank administrations in the capital, Amman, to pay attention to developing electronic payment services and deepening customers' understanding of electronic payment services so that they can benefit from them more, in addition to educating customers about the importance of using electronic banking services, and the inclusion of all possible services in electronic services. Keywords: banking; banks; business; customers; financial; journal; services; technology
• THE IMPACT OF COMMODITY FINENESS IN ACHIEVING CUSTOMER SERVICE (AN APPLIED STUDY ON CEMENT FACTORY MABROUKA IN BASRA) by Abbas Dhahir Alrumdhan (2023) - المظهر، الموثوقية، مطابقة وجدنا من خالل الدراسة أن هناك عالقة موجبة بين األبعاد األربعة لجودة السلعة )األداء، -1 المواصفات( وخدمة العمالء. ( القيمة غير الملموسة للخدمة: وهذا يعني أنه ال يمكن 1 الركاب على متن الطائرة لديهم فقط تذكرة أيًضا، ال يمكن لألشخاص الذين يخضعون لجراحة تجميلية رؤية النتيجة قبل الشراء ، عن uyersيبحث لذلك ب ووعد بوصولهم والوصول اآلمن ألمتعتهم إلى الوجهة المطلوبة والوقت المحدد ، للحد من عدم اليقين ، مهمة مقدم هذا هو السبب Keywords: american; banking; business; economics; feb; journal; management; volume; www.americanjournal.org; أجل; إلى; األبعاد; األداء; البحث; التي; الجودة; الخدمة; الدراسة; السلعة; العمالء; العميل; المستهلك; المنتج; المنظمة; بين; حيث; خالل; ذات; ذلك; عالقة; عدم; على; غير; كما; هذا; هذه; هناك; وخدمة; يمكن
• THE EFFECT OF ADOPTING THE STRATEGY OF INDUSTRIAL SPECIALIZATION AND ITS ROLE IN REDUCING AUDIT RISKS: A SURVEY OF THE VIEWS OF A SAMPLE OF EXTERNAL AUDITORS IN IRAQ by Dr. Zaid Sherif Haddab (2023) - The research deals with the concept and importance of industrial specialization for auditors, as well as the concept of audit risks and its divisions. It also deals with the role of industrial specialization in reducing audit risks. Keywords: audit; audit process; audit risks; auditing; auditor; business; control; journal; risks; specialization; study
• CURRENT ISSUES OF DIGITIZATION OF TRANSFORMATIONAL PROCESSES IN COMMERCIAL BANKS by Suyunov D. X.; Kaytavov V. R. (2023) - The remote provision of banking services by digital banks is carried out based on the internal procedures of the bank, taking into account the requirements of legislation[11] has been described. [16] Due to the digitization of banking services, convenience created for customers, the bank can use remote banking services (management of funds in bank accounts using internet banking and mobile banking services, management of funds in bank plastic cards using USSD request, receiving information about the movement of funds in the account using SMS notifications ) as of January 1, 2023, the number of users increased by 3.7 times or from 7,959 thousand to 30,001 thousand compared to the corresponding period of 2019. Keywords: activities; banking; banks; business; economics; management; services; system; technologies
• THE ROLE OF THE INVESTMENT AND INNOVATION POTENTIAL OF ENTERPRISES IN ATTRACTING FOREIGN INVESTMENTS TO THE COUNTRY’S ECONOMY by Gafurova Umida Fatikhovna (2023) - In our opinion, in order to ensure investment attractiveness and rational use of investment potential, it is necessary to pay attention to: the region’s opportunities to increase investment attractiveness in order to stabilize the economy, accelerate investment activities aimed at innovative renewal of socio- economic structure; increase and innovative investment [8]. In order to attract foreign investments through the position of the recipient countries, the investment potential created in the country, the modern infrastructure, the socio-economic policy of improving the investment environment, in particular foreign they pay attention to the unhindered entry of companies, the inviolability of private property, the establishment of special economic and small industrial zones in the country to direct one’s own capital as a business entity, and the availability of tax and other financial benefits. Keywords: attractiveness; business; country; economy; foreign; investment; potential
• ELECTRONIC SERVICE DELIVERY AND CUSTOMER ATTITUDE OF DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN YENAGOA, BAYELSA STATE by Ademe-Godwin, Doris (2023) - However, numerous initiatives by banks to improve customer service have been observed over time. As a result, the uses of technology in customer service are important for access to the most basic survival goals of organization (Mahmood, & Hanafi, 2013). Keywords: attitude; banking; banks; bayelsa; business; customer; deposit; internet; journal; management; money; service; state; yenagoa
• THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS by Ochilov Bobur Bakhtiyor o‘g‘li (2023) - They are investment climate, investment attractiveness and investment potential. enterprise risk, investment potential of the enterprise, investment climate, innovation in enterprises, small business entities, investment process. Keywords: attractiveness; business; country; investment; journal; potential
• KEY ASPECTS OF THE THEORY OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF BUSINESS PROCESSES by Azamat Davletyarov; Dilmurod Suyunov; Aman Kenzhabaev (2023) - The analysis of foreign experience in the methodology of digital transformation of business processes of organizations was carried out. Proposals and recommendations for the methodology of digital transformation of business processes have been developed. Keywords: business; digital; https://habr.com/ru/post/342448/; processes; technologies; transformation
• RISK ASSESSMENT FOR ENHANCING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES by Bahadirov Numonkhan Kamolkhanovich (2023) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 11 April, 2023 P a g e | 146 www.americanjournal.org Gabunia N.G. and Korelin K.V.'s research suggests that businesses should use risk management to avoid costly mistakes in analyzing potential risks and balancing potential benefits with potential problems. Risk optimization assists in striking a balance between the downside of risk and the advantage of running or operating under risk conditions, taking into account that risks can be either positive or negative.3 Research shows that risk management in its modern sense should cover a number of areas of management activity (Figure 1). Keywords: analysis; business; enterprise; industry; management; region; risk; textile
• THE ROLE OF SMALL BUSINESS AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE ECONOMY by Nasirov Mansur Ibroximovich (2023) - ADABIYOTLAR TAHLILI VA METODOLOGIYASI Kichik biznes va xususiy tadbirkorlikni rivojlantirish О‘zbekistonda amalga oshirilayotgan iqtisodiy islohotlarning eng muhim ustuvor yо‘nalishlaridan biridir. institutsional va tarkibiy islohotlarni davom ettirish, xususiy mulk huquqini himoya qilish va uning ustuvor mavqeini yanada kuchaytirish, kichik biznes va xususiy tadbirkorlik rivojini rag'batlantirish, hududlar, tuman va shaharlarni kompleks va mutanosib holda ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy taraqqiy ettirish, investitsiyaviy muhitni yaxshilash orqali mamlakatimiz iqtisodiyoti tarmoqlari va hududlariga xorijiy sarmoyalarni faol jalb etish”. Keywords: bilan; biznes; business; iqtisodiy; kichik; rivojlantirish; tadbirkorlik; xususiy
• THE REALITY AND POSSIBILITY OF EMPLOYING THE EUROPEAN EXCELLENCE MODEL (EFQM) IN IRAQI UNIVERSITIES (Case study at Southern Technical University) by Ass. Prof. Dr. Abdulridha Naser Mohsin Al- Malik; Narjis Falih Hassan Al- Saeed (2023) - وفقا لما البحث المبينة فيما سبق، فإن الباحثة تضع توصيات البحث في ضوء استنتاجات ونتائج :ا: التوصياتثانيا يأتي: العمل على انشاء هيكلية تنظيمية تراقب وتحدث االتجاه اإلستراتيجي، من خالل الصياغة المتناغمة :الولىالتوصية .الجامعة .1 إن وصف عينة دراسة الحالة كان من خالل خمس فقرات ديمغرافية وهي: )اللقب العلمي، المنصب الوظيفي، ع العمل الممارس، مكان العمل(، وكما هو مبين في الجدول ) العلمي، نوالمؤهل ( أدناه وفق النسب المئوية لكل 3 متغير: American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 12 May, 2023 P a g e | 155 www.americanjournal.org 3الجدول ) توزيع Keywords: american; banking; business; economics; efqm; journal; management; technical; volume; www.americanjournal.org; إلى; األوروبي; البحث; التي; الجامعة; العمل; المعيار; النموذج; حيث; خالل; على; كانت; للتميز; مستجيب; مطبق
• THE ROLE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN REDUCING THE NEGATIVE IMPACT OF CREATIVE ACCOUNTINGON THE RELIABILITY OF THE INTERIM FINANCIAL INFORMATION by Lina Khalid jaafer ibrahim; Mohammed A. Alhasan Mohammed; Aeshah A. Kareem Abdulsattar (2023) - A group of factors that contributed to the emergence of creative accounting gathered in the financial statements of business establishments, the most important of which are: 1-Freedom of Choice for Accounting Principles: Company accounting rules and policies sometimes allow to choose among the various accounting methods that you use in preparing its data Financial, where many accounting standards allow to choose among the various accounting alternatives, and this results in the company choosing the accounting methods that fit with its goals and desires and that achieve the best picture of the company’s performance(Hamada, Rasha, 2010, p. 36). The second axis: the general framework of the concept of creative accounting: Or not: The emergence and development of creative accounting: Creative accounting, or fraudulent accounting, as some call it, is an event born in the eighties of the last century, and it may have started when companies faced difficulties in the recession that prevailed in the era of the Industrial Revolution, where there was pressure to achieve better profits at a time when it was difficult to make profits, and when companies discovered thatLaws only tell you what you cannot do, not what you can doBehold, if she cannot earn profits, she can at least invent them(Blah, Syed Abdul Rahman, 2012,p. 31). Keywords: accounting; accounting practices; business; business management; companies; company; economics; governance; journal; management; percent; reports; shareholders; statements; study; table; volume
• FRAMEWORK FOR EXPLORING THE CONCEPT OF "LEADERSHIP" AND 8 COMMON LEADERSHIP STYLES by Adilov Botir Baltabaevich; Shaykhova Madina Nodir kizi (2022) - These early studies aimed to identify the properties or personality characteristics of effective leaders. Developing this idea, it can be argued that if these qualities could be identified, people could learn to nurture them in themselves and thereby become effective leaders. Keywords: business; economics; leadership; management; people; person; power; qualities
• STRATEGIC RESPONSE AND ITS ROLE IN ENHANCING THE ORGANIZATIONAL PRESTIGE (AN ANALYTICAL RESEARCH IN WASIT UNIVERSITY PRESIDENCY) by Shehenaz Fadhil AHMED; Buraq Talib ABDULJABBAR; ISRAA SHANAN THABIT (2023) - It was important to delve into two vital variables in the management field that are represented by the strategic response with its dimensions (strategic flexibility, strategic sensing, collective intelligence) as an independent variable, and organizational prestige of both types (internal prestige, external prestige) as a dependent variable. Organizational prestige: The organizational reputation occupies a great importance as it reflects the prestige and good reputation in the eyes of many stakeholders. Keywords: business; flexibility; importance; intelligence; level; management; mean; organization; prestige; research; response; standard; table; university; value
• THE CONCEPT OF BUSINESS ETIQUETTE AND BUSINESS COMMUNICATION by Абдуллажонова Шахноза Акбаровна; Пайзиева Нигина Тургунбой кизи (2023) - The types and principles of business communication are given. written and unwritten norms, welcoming speech, presentation, report at a conference, meeting, report, reference, business letter, order, instruction, order, application, contract Introduction: Business communication is a complex multifaceted process of developing contacts between people in the service sphere. Keywords: business; communication; journal; order

• IMPORTANCE OF RISK MAP IN THE MANAGEMENT OF RISKS THAT MAY OCCUR IN COMMERCIAL BANKS by Muqumov Orifjon Abduroziqovich (2023) - One of the problems related to risk management in the activity of commercial banks is that banks do not keep a register of risk events. Philipp Harle, Andras Havas and Hamid Samandari “The future of bank risk management”//July 22, 2016//Mckinsey.com 7. Keywords: average; bank; banking; management; risk
• MODERN METHODS USED IN RISK MANAGEMENT BY COMMERCIAL BANKS by Axtamov Sharof Axtam o‘g‘li (2023) - Philipp Harle, Andras Havas and Hamid Samandari “The future of bank risk management”//July 22, 2016//Mckinsey.com 5. 5. Conclusions and suggestions The use of artificial intelligence in financial risk management opens up a number of key benefits for the banking industry, including: • reduce operating costs and increase efficiency through process automation and resource optimization; • improve compliance through automated monitoring and reporting; • timely, accurate and individual risk assessment and credit risk scoring through advanced data analysis; • reduce the possibility of human error by automating the process; • to improve the quality of service through individualized treatment of customers based on information. Keywords: banking; banks; data; management; risk
• THE IMPACT OF THE BANK DEPOSIT INSURANCE SYSTEM IN CAPITAL ADEQUACY AND PROFITABILITY INDICATORS FOR THE IRAQI BANKING SECTOR AND COMPARISON WITH THE JORDANIAN BANKING SECTOR by Mustafa Hussein Hassan; Sadiq Hussein Abdul Hassan (2023) - A crisis in the banking system and a crisis of confidence among customers, and the fact that bank deposits are a necessary element to support this stability and at the same time are debts payable by the bank, any risk to those deposits is a direct threat to the banking system, so there are mechanisms to protect depositors and protect banks from defaulting or bankruptcy, American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 16 Sep, 2023 P a g e | 2 www.americanjournal.org and ensuring the general stability of the banking system. The role of the deposit protection system is to provide the possibility of compensating a class of depositors who have bank deposits because of bank’s default. Keywords: adequacy; average; bank; banking; capital; deposit; deposit guarantee; guarantee; system
• LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT AND QUOTED DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA by Nwokoro, A. I.; Ironkwe, U.I.; Nwaiwu, J.N. (2023) - What it did, basically was to redirect the attention of bankers and the banking authorities from loans to investments as a source of bank liquidity. The empirical study analyses the impact of banks capital adequacy on earnings and profitability of banks in Nigeria using panel data of sample 10 strong and 10 weak banks between 2010- 2013 periods. Keywords: banking; banks; capital; effect; equity; liquidity; liquidity management; management; p lc; performance; return; study
• THE ROLE OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN ENHANCING BANKS PROFITABILITY by Ahmed Jasim Mohammed; Ahmed Abbas Hussein; Mohsin N. AL-Maliki (2023) - The research problem can be succinctly captured by the following questions: - Do modern technologies play a role in enhancing the profitability of the researched banks? - What is the significance of the impact of using modern banking technologies on the profitability of the researched banks? Previous Studies: Modern Banking Technologies The concept of modern banking technologies is a highly intricate term from the perspective of cognitive capacity. Keywords: banking; banks; economics; information; journal; management; profitability; research; sample; technologies
• THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE APPLICATION OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT STANDARDS IN ACHIEVING CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF A NUMBER OF IRAQI UNIVERSITIES by Taicir Moalla Loukil; Hasanain Hadi Saeed (2023) - Second: - What is the impact of strategic planning for comprehensive quality management in improving the performance of Iraqi educational institutions? Previous studies (Arabic and English) Arabic Studies – Hayat bin Muhammad bin Saad’s (2004) study of comprehensive quality management as an approach to the development of Saudi universities (a study of the trends of the Saudi academic body towards applying its principles, and their point of view on the extent to which this application contributes to American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 18 Nov., 2023 P a g e | 17 www.americanjournal.org the development of the university). Keywords: american; banking; business management; economics; education; improvement; institutions; management standards; organization; performance; process; quality management; quality standards; study; total; value; work
• DEPOSIT PORTFOLIO ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY by Shermukhamedov Bekhzodjon Usmonovich (2023) - improvement of relevant bank policies on attracting funds to bank deposits and effectively placing them in strategically important sectors of the economy, implementing innovative types of bank deposit services that are beneficial for customers, population and economic entities a number of problems related to strengthening trust in the banking system, increasing the level of efficiency of banking services determine the urgency of developing scientific proposals and practical recommendations aimed at adapting the methodology of evaluating the effectiveness of the deposit policy in commercial banks to modern conditions. Sh. Z. Abdullayeva, one of the economists of our country, analyzes in her research the relations related to the practice of deposits and not money or securities given to a financial-credit or banking institution, but customs payments along with bank deposits, contributions to pay fees, taxes, etc. are also interpreted as deposits[3]. Keywords: analysis; balance; banking; banks; base; commercial; deposit; funds; policy; ratio; resources
• ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF BANK ASSET EFFICIENCY by Bakriddinov Sharofiddin (2025) - This article examines the content and essence of bank assets, the opinions of foreign economists on this issue. Literature Review It is advisable to review the research conducted by domestic and foreign economists on the management of bank assets in order to reveal the content of bank assets and optimize their composition, and increase the efficiency of bank operations. Keywords: assets; bank; banking; effects; management; model; profitability
• TO WHAT EXTENT DOES CUSTOMERS’ PERSPECTIVE INFLUENCE BANKING LIQUIDITY? AN APPLIED RESEARCH ON A SAMPLE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS LISTED ON THE IRAQ STOCK EXCHANGE by Ahmed Ali Kurd; Dured musa mahmoud; Ibrahim Ali Kurdi (2023) - AN APPLIED RESEARCH ON A SAMPLE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS LISTED ON THE IRAQ STOCK EXCHANGE Ahmed Ali Kurd Ministry of Education - Salah al-Din Education Directorate Ahmed.a.kurdi86@gmail.com Dured musa mahmoud University of Tikrit - College of Administration and Economics Dured.aldore@tu.edu.iq Ibrahim Ali Kurdi / University of Tikrit - College of Administration and Economics im_li2001@tu.edu.iq A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S The study relied on a descriptive study approach to study the reality of commercial banks. Keywords: accounts; bank; banking; sample; study; value; 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑜𝑢𝑠−𝑌𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑆𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠; 𝑆𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 𝐴𝑐𝑐𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑠
• THE ROLE OF DIVIDEND POLICY IN INCREASING THE LEVEL OF BANK CAPITALIZATION by Rufat Bakhtiyorovich Kurbanov (2023) - Fourthly, taking into account that in the international experience, the presence of the state share in the charter capital of banks is very low, in order to effectively carry out the processes of privatization and transformation, commercial banks with a state share should seriously review the dividend policy and, of course, increase the dividend payments, as a result of which foreign investors are interested in bank shares. Analysis and Results Increasing the level of capitalization and strengthening the financial stability of commercial banks is a necessary condition for ensuring the stability of the country's banking system[11,12] Commercial banks, as issuers, get the opportunity to place additional shares through the payment of constant dividends to shareholders, thereby increasing the banks' capitalization. Keywords: banking; banks; dividend; journal; policy; shares; stock
• THE LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR MURABAHA by Mukhitdinova Muyassar Ziyaviddinovna (2023) - [1][2] Critics/skeptics complain/note that in practice most murabaḥah transactions are merely cash-flows between banks, brokers, and borrowers, with no buying or selling of commodities;[15] that the profit or markup is based on the prevailing interest rate used in haram lending by the non-Muslim world;[2] that the financial outlook of Islamic murabaha financing and conventional debt/loan financing is the same,[16] as is most everything else besides the terminology used.[17] While orthodox Islamic scholars have expressed a lack of enthusiasm for murabaha transactions,[18] calling them no more than a second best solution (Council of Islamic Ideology)[19] or a borderline transaction (Islamic scholar Taqi Usmani),[20] nonetheless they are defended as Islamically permitted. Hassan states, although Islamic banks are less efficient in containing cost, they are generally efficient in generating profit.[26] Islamic banker and author Harris Irfan writes that use of murabaha has become so distorted from its original intent that it has become the single most common method of funding inter-bank liquidity and corporate loans in the Islamic finance industry.[1 Keywords: bank; banking; commodity; cost; customer; finance; financing; framework; interest; islamic; murabaha; profit; transactions
• BANK ACTIVIST WITH FOREIGN CAPITAL PARTICIPATION IN UZBEKISTAN by Bakayev Xurshid Mahmudovich (2024) - Central bank on the regulation and control of the activities of commercial banks,According to the recommendations of the Basel Committee,the transition to the use of international practice in banks pre-identification of possible problems and the occurrence of risks warning measures before arrival gave the opportunity to see. The country allowed the opening of commercial banks on the basis of Joint- Stock, cooperative and private property, as well as banks with the participation of foreign capital. Keywords: banking; banks; republic; system; uzbekistan
• HOW DIGITAL CURRENCIES ARE IMPACTING TRADITIONAL BANKING SYSTEMS AND THE GLOBAL ECONOMY by Ro’ziboyeva Muslima; Asrorov Azizbek Isomiddin o‘g‘li (2024) - Central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) are increasingly seen as a potential replacement for physical cash. This study rigorously examines the economic dynamics instigated by the proliferation of digital currencies, probing their intricate implications for traditional banking infrastructures and the overarching global economic paradigm. Keywords: banking; central; currencies; digital
• PURPOSE AND CRITERIA OF RISK DIVERSIFICATION IN COMMERCIAL BANKS by Bakhriddinov Sharofiddin (2024) - Therefore, the main goal of diversifying bank risks is timely fulfillment of the bank's obligations to its shareholders and customers, as well as strengthening the financial stability of the bank, and in order to achieve this goal, commercial banks diversify the risks that arise in the process of fulfilling risky assets and liabilities. The following two external factors affecting the diversification of the risks of commercial banks, i.e. the competitiveness of the national economy and the monetary policy of the Central Bank, are important in the diversification of bank risks. Keywords: assets; bank; bank risks; banking; diversification; financial; level; risks
• INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN THE FORMATION AND MANAGEMENT OF COMMERCIAL BANKS' CAPITAL by Тожабоева Нилуфар (2024) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 22 March - 2024 P a g e | 178 www.americanjournal.org Analyses and Results One of the main questions that helps to unravel the economic essence of commercial banks' capital is the question of bank capital adequacy. Theoretical and practical aspects of bank capital adequacy and its provision have been studied by many foreign and domestic academic economists. Keywords: adequacy; bank; banking; capital; management
• INFLUENCE OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL ORGANIZATIONS ON THE BANKING SECTOR by Namozova Maftuna Utkirovna (2024) - Introduction The aim of the article is to analyze the impact of international financial organizations on the banking sector of Uzbekistan. Understanding the influence of international financial organizations on the banking sector of Uzbekistan is crucial in today's globalized economy. Keywords: banking; organizations; sector; uzbekistan
• DETERMINANTS OF EMPLOYEES’ VOLUNTARY TURNOVER INTENTION IN THE NIGERIAN BANKING INDUSTRY by B. M. Nwibere (2024) - The concept of employee turnover intention is defined as the probability that an employee will depart from their current position (Ngamkroeckjoti, et al, 2012). Research within the Nigerian banking sector has identified several key factors influencing employee turnover intention, including job stress, low salary levels, lack of career growth opportunities, and overall job dissatisfaction (Osibanjo et al., 2013). Keywords: advancement; banking; career; conditions; employees; industry; intentions; journal; leadership; management; opportunities; relationship; rewards; turnover; turnover intention; working
• INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF WORKING WITH PROBLEM LOANS IN BANKS by Makhamadumarov Kasimjon Dilmurod ugli (2024) - The importance of addressing problem loans has become particularly evident during periods of economic distress. These crises underscored American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 24 May - 2024 P a g e | 149 www.americanjournal.org the necessity for banks to develop robust strategies for managing problem loans to safeguard their balance sheets and maintain investor confidence. Keywords: banking; banks; loans; management; npls; problem
• THE PROFIT OF THE BANKING SECTOR by PhD Gafurova Azizakhon Fatixovna (2024) - 4 CBU statistics data were used https://cbu.uz/ru/statistics/bankstats/1710883/ 1) the ratio of net profit to total assets, which indicates the effectiveness of the bank's work and is most often used to compare the level of profitability of banks; 2) the ratio of net profit to equity and reserves (to the total amount of paid-up equity, reserve funds and collateral for doubtful debts), reflecting the degree of efficiency of using own funds invested in current activities; 3) profit per share on average, calculated as the ratio of the amount of book profit to the number of shares issued (the amount of profit in all cases is calculated before taxes). Net profit is formed after paying all taxes on their gross profit and, in turn, is divided into distributable, that is, paid to the bank's shareholders as annual dividends on their shares, and capitalized, directed to increase the bank's equity and reserves. Keywords: banking; profit; profitability
• PRACTICAL STATE OF REMOTE BANKING SERVICES BY COMMERCIAL BANKS by Abdullayeva Sharbat Zulpikarovna; Khudayberganova Zarofat Zahidovna (2024) - The article deals with the problems of improving the remote banking services of republican commercial banks - scientific recommendations for improving the quality of remote banking services in commercial banks and ensuring the timely repayment of online loans, expanding their scope based on the study and analysis of the state of remote banking services and improving remote banking services based on continuous study of customer opinions developed and formed conclusions. Scientific research is being conducted on the issues of expanding remote banking services for commercial banks, improving the culture of remote customer service by banks, increasing the confidence of a wide segment of the population in the bank, attracting large clients by banks and offering new types of remote services, taking into account their requirements and proposals, customer service, constantly taking into account the opinion clients. Keywords: banking; banking services; banks; capital; services
• CAPITALIZATION LEVEL OF COMMERCIAL BANKS: THEORY AND PRACTICE by Mirzayev Mirza Abdullayevich (2024) - The structural structure of bank deposits for individual commercial banks is different. Bank resources are reflected in the passive part of the balance sheet of credit organizations (Lavrushin O.I., Azizov U.O'., Karaliyev T.M, 2019). Keywords: bank; banking; capital; days; deposits; funds; resources
• DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN BANK MANAGEMENT: ENHANCING CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE THROUGH TECHNOLOGY-DRIVEN MARKETING STRATEGIES by Usmanov Jamshid Rasulovich (2024) - This transformation leverages technology-driven marketing strategies to enhance customer experience, redefine relationships, and strengthen customer loyalty. Digital transformation, bank management, customer experience, technology-driven marketing, data analytics, artificial intelligence, CRM, financial services. Keywords: banking; banks; customer; digital; marketing; transformation
• ANALYSIS OF BANKS ACTIVITIES THAT HAVE SUCCESSFULLY IMPLEMENTED DIGITAL INNOVATIONS IN UZBEKISTAN by Gulbakhor Matyakubovna Bakoeva (2024) - The increasing adoption of smartphones and internet access among the Uzbek population has fueled demand for digital banking services. Areas for Further Development: ▪ While mobile penetration is high, financial literacy remains a challenge, hindering full adoption of digital banking services. Keywords: banking; banks; customer; data; digital; economics; fintech; management; payment; services; uzbekistan
• PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES OF COMMERCIAL BANKS by Kurbonboev Sherzodbek Shavkat ugli (2024) - This, in turn, increases the demand for banking services, as well as the improvement of remote service mechanisms. In general, the state of the economy, in particular, the level of customer satisfaction with financial and payment services, is inextricably linked with the quality of banking services, their attractiveness and diversity, as well as the financial capabilities and literacy of customers. Keywords: banking; financial; information; payment; services; system
• IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF BANK ASSETS: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE by Ruziev Bakhtiyor Salimboyevich (2025) - This article analyzes the advanced practices of banks of foreign countries in increasing asset efficiency and pays special attention to their importance and practical application for commercial banks of Uzbekistan. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 32, | January - 2025 P a g e | 17 www.americanjournal.org IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF BANK ASSETS: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE Ruziev Bakhtiyor Salimboyevich Independent Researcher of TSUE Е-mail: baxtishka5199990@yandex.com ORCID: 0009-0002-4431-6659 A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article analyzes the advanced experience of foreign countries in improving the efficiency of bank assets. Keywords: assets; bank; banking; efficiency
• EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE INDICATORS IN COMMERCIAL BANKS: MODERN APPROACHES AND CHALLENGES by Alisher Azamjonovich Akbarov (2025) - The early literature on bank performance evaluation primarily focused on traditional financial metrics and ratios, such as profitability, liquidity, and solvency. The modern economy demands a deeper and more comprehensive approach to assessing bank performance, highlighting the need for the identification of new, more accurate, and timely analytical methods. Keywords: analysis; bank; banking; changes; evaluation; performance
• PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVING AND DEVELOPING ONLINE BANKING SERVICES IN COMMERCIAL BANKS OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN by Ismoilov Mirshokh Valijon ugli (2025) - Various types of online banking services (OBS) are becoming increasingly widespread among such technologies of banking services of commercial banks. Introduction Provision of banking services is the main activity of any bank. Keywords: banking; banks; client; internet; services
• CURRENT ISSUES OF DIGITALIZATION OF THE PROCESS OF LENDING INDIVIDUALS by Abdunazarov Shahrukh Akrom ugli (2025) - National Bank of Kyrgyzstan - development of digital financial services in Kyrgyzstan. World Bank: Reports on the development of digital financial services. Keywords: banking; digital; process; technologies; uzbekistan
• THE MAIN WAYS OF EFFECTIVE ASSESSMENT OF MONETARY LEVERS AND RISKS IN THE DIVERSIFICATION OF COMMERCIAL BANKS’ ASSETS by Abdurazzakov Abdualim Abdujabbor ugli (2025) - The Value at Risk method is sometimes also called the Monte Carlo method. One of the most widely used methods in world practice for assessing financial risks is VAR (Value-at- Risk), that is, “risk amount” or “risk rate”. Keywords: banking; banks; level; management; method; risk
• SOME THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF RETAIL SERVICES OF COMMERCIAL BANKS by Umid Mukhidinovich Ochilov (2025) - It explores the concept of retail banking services, their structure, core characteristics, and their role in a market economy. Retail banking services are a set of financial products and services offered by commercial banks to individuals, as well as small businesses. Keywords: banking; banks; customers; mobile; population; services
• ECONOMIC AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF THE RETAIL PAYMENT SYSTEM OF COMMERCIAL BANKS by Nomozov Rovshan Ergashkulovich (2025) - Through retail payment systems, commercial banks are also expanding financial services that serve to increase the level of access to banking services by the population Literature Review Research on the economic content of retail payment systems and their importance in the banking system has been carried out on a large scale in recent decades. Keywords: banking; banks; number; payment; services; system
• THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERNAL AUDIT IN ENHANCING CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN IRAQ by Hamza Kadhim Rishag; Mawj Abbas Jasim (2022) - Locate(Emile Wolf International, 2010)The important roles of internal audit in an organisation, all designed to assist an organization in achieving effective corporate governance, which is asfollows 19: • Internal audit helps management monitor controls within the entity,The managerial task of monitoring controls may become difficult as the size and complexity of the entity increases; Thus, internal audit can be a useful management tool for monitoring controls. 1) Internal audit is an integral part of corporate governance The board of directors, executive management, external audit and internal audit mainly determine the soundness and security of the company's governance structure,The healthy development of a company is inseparable from a solid governance structure. Keywords: american; audit; auditing; auditors; banking; business management; companies; company; economics; governance; governance companies; impact; internal; journal; management; public; research; role; study; volume; years
• ISSUES OF FORMATION OF PRIVATE BANKS’ RESOURCE BASE by Rufat Baxtiyorovich Kurbanov (2025) - As a result, the resource base of private banks in the country was taken, and the causal factors were the volume of assets of private banks in the country (bank size), the number of branches, long-term interest rates, bank capital, and profitability. That is, the size of the resource base of private banks has a positive correlation with the volume of assets of private banks in the country (bank size), the number of branches, interest rates on long-term loans, bank capital, and return on assets. Keywords: analysis; banking; banks; base; capital; resource; resource base; volume
• MODERN METHODS OF ASSET MANAGEMENT OF COMMERCIAL BANKS by Rabimkulov Sherzod Murtozaevich (2025) - The process of digital transformation is leading to a paradigm shift in bank asset management. The concept of open banking, the API economy and the ecosystem approach are creating new opportunities in bank asset management. Keywords: asset; banking; banks; liquidity; management; methods; risk; stability
• THE EXPANSION AND OPTIMIZATION OF RETAIL BANKING SERVICES IN UZBEKISTAN by Boymaxmadov Alisher Xoliyor o‘g‘li (2025) - On the other hand, the popularity and accessibility of banking services are characterized by the extent to which individuals and enterprises can utilize a wide range of services—such as payments, settlements, loans, and deposits—without restrictions or barriers. Several factors influence the accessibility and attractiveness of banking services, including: The physical presence of banks through branch network development and the proximity of services in various regions; The reliability and efficiency of communication channels and the quality of electronic banking services; Low levels of financial literacy, mistrust toward financial institutions, and certain cultural mentalities, which may hinder the use of banking services. Keywords: banking; banks; cash; customer; sector; services; uzbekistan
• CAUSES OF THE EMERGENCE OF NON-PERFORMING LOANS IN COMMERCIAL BANKING PRACTICE by Akramova Nargiza Nutfillayevna (2025) - This paper examines the organizational and procedural approaches used by commercial banks to manage non-performing loans (NPLs). Currently, the rising share of non-performing loans in the banking sector remains one of the most urgent issues in the development of the financial sector. Keywords: bank; banking; borrower; credit; loans; management; risk
• THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ECONOMIC CRISES: CAUSES, FORMS AND CONSEQUENCES by Бабаева Сабинабону Давронбек қизи (2025) - Сабинабону Давронбек қизи Студентка Ташкентского государственного транспортного университета A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article examines the theoretical foundations of economic crises as an integral element of the dynamics of the market economy. Economic crisis, cyclicality, forms of crises, causes of crises, macroeconomic instability, anti-crisis policy, world economy, state regulation, theories of crises. Keywords: banking; causes; crises; economic; economy; increase; nature; policy; volume; world
• ISSUES OF IMPLEMENTING THE STANDARD "PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS IN COMMERCIAL BANKS" (IAS 1) IN PRACTICE by Ro‘ziyev Elyor Zafar o‘g‘li (2025) - As a result of implementing the President's decrees, the financial statements of banks are being recognized by international financial institutions, the attractiveness of Uzbekistan's banking sector for foreign investors is increasing, and adaptation to international standards in the field of domestic auditing is accelerating. Introduction In recent years, significant reforms have been implemented in the Republic of Uzbekistan to enhance the transparency of the banking and financial system, strengthen financial stability, and advance integration into international financial markets. Keywords: banking; banks; ifrs; standards
• ANALYSIS OF E-COMMERCE ACTIVITIES THROUGH THE PROVISION OF REMOTE BANKING SERVICES by Yusufkhujaev Fazliddin Mansur ugli (2025) - Therefore, in a digital economy, it is of critical importance to deeply integrate banking services with the e-commerce ecosystem, ensure cybersecurity, establish interoperability, and enable data exchange through APIs. Remote banking services provide e-commerce participants with the ability to carry out transactions in real time, connect to international payment systems, perform fast financial operations via mobile devices, and create convenient conditions for customers. Keywords: application; banking; card; commerce; mobile; number; payment; services; vault
• IMPROVING MICROLOAN PRACTICES IN THE PROVISION OF RETAIL BANKING SERVICES by Umarova Lola Erkinovna (2025) - As of October 2025, commercial banks in Uzbekistan maintain active competition in the market by diversifying microloan services, developing digital lending, and offering terms tailored to clients’ needs. The study examines the interest rates, terms, and methods of providing microloans to the population by commercial banks, as well as the dynamics of the volume of microloans issued to individuals during the period 2020–2024. Keywords: 100,0; bank; banking; card; microloans; population; services
• DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF DIGITAL ECONOMY AND FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN UZBEKISTAN’S BANKING SYSTEM by Erkinova Feruza Najmitdinovna (2025) - - The Relationship Between the Digital Economy and Financial Inclusion The analysis shows that digital banking services have become a kay tool for enhancing financial inclusion. - The share of digital banking services has reached 87% - The volume of mobile payments has increased six-fold. Keywords: banking; digital; financial; services; uzbekistan
• ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE IMPROVEMENT OF CREDIT SERVICES by Zafar Absamatovich Umarov; Nilufar Khikmatullayevna Sharipova (2025) - The results of this study provide strong empirical evidence that capital adequacy, term deposit volumes, and liquidity levels play a significant role in shaping the dynamics of non-performing loans in the banking sector. While higher capital adequacy contributes to a reduction in credit risk, increased deposit volumes and excessive liquidity may, under certain conditions, lead to a rise in NPL levels. Keywords: adequacy; banking; capital; deposits; liquidity; loans; model; ratio; volume
• ENSURING INFORMATION SECURITY WITHIN THE BANK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: KEY STRATEGIC APPROACHES by Kobiljon Isroiljonov (2025) - Such attacks outline the current drawbacks of information systems and prove that even the most advanced technological solutions need ongoing care and development. In a nutshell, development of information systems should be supplemented with technologies of data transfer and protection. Keywords: banking; information; payment; security; system
• DEVELOPING THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN ANALYZING THE ACTIVITIES OF COMMERCIAL BANKS by Turabova Shahnoza Taxirovna (2025) - The regulatory framework, state policies, and economic strategies in Uzbekistan provide favorable conditions for digital banking services, ensuring that this process will continue consistently in the future. According to data from the Central Bank, between 2018 and 2023 the number of electronic transactions increased 12-fold and their value grew 9-fold, clearly demonstrating the rapid development of digital services. Keywords: banking; banks; services; technologies; uzbekistan
• IMPACT OF COMMERCIAL BANKS' CREDIT OPERATIONS ON BANK LIQUIDITY by Meyliev Jasur Zulfikarovich (2025) - Ensuring bank liquidity by increasing the share of term and savings deposits in the bank's liabilities by enhancing the investment attractiveness of commercial banks. Meyliev Jasur Zulfikarovich Independent Researcher of Banking and Finance Academy A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S Lending is the primary activity of commercial banks. Keywords: bank; banking; liquidity; republic
• STRATEGIC ANALYSIS OF E-COMMERCE IN UZBEKISTAN by Siddikova Marguba (2022) - In Uzbekistan E-commerce market not too much options for e- shopping. We analysed the main web-sites in Uzbekistan online market. Keywords: banking; commerce; market; online; uzbekistan
• PROSPECTS FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF ISLAMIC FINANCE IN UZBEKISTAN by Aliqoriev O.F. (2023) - Authorization rules of Islamic financial institutions 3. Requirements of the religion of Islam (Sharia) on the activities of Islamic financial institutions 4. Keywords: banking; finance; financial; institutions; islamic; principles
• AL BARAKA BANKING GROUP by Nizomova Mehrangiz Jamoliddinzoda (2022) - ABG, Islamic banking, e-banking, Covid-19. If the probability of Islamic banking turns out to be correct, it will attract 40-50 percent of Muslim savings in the coming years, which can become a useful resource for the needs of established banks, provided that they establish branches that can serve Muslims. Keywords: banking; banks; baraka; branches; group; islamic; management
• STATISTICAL STUDY TO SHOW THE IMPACT OF BANKING SYSTEM DEPOSITS ON THE GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT IN IRAQ DURING THE PERIOD (2005-2020) by Hayder Sabah Tuama; Ali Salman Tuama Alchaabawi (2023) - For the purpose of obtaining standard statistical tests that reflect the impact of variables on economic activity and the role of monetary policy in Iraq, the researchers used a time series of (17) observations extending up to the year (2020). dependent and independent variables, to contribute to assisting the set of monetary policy to activate the role of monetary variables in economic activity and achieve the desired goals for which they were set, and the possibility of getting rid of problems associated with monetary variables, and making monetary policy American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 11 April, 2023 P a g e | 17 www.americanjournal.org effective and intertwined with fiscal policy to achieve stability in the general level of prices, and address problems economy, including inflation and unemployment. Keywords: banking; credit; error; model; policy; statistical; test; variables
• THE EFFECT OF SOME VARIABLES OF PRIVATE BANKING ACTIVITY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LOCAL INVESTMENTS IN IRAQ: THE UNITED BANK FOR INVESTMENT AS A MODEL by Prof Dr. Subhi Hassoon; Hussein Kadhim (2022) - There are a number of widely recognized functions of investment banks, including capital markets brokerage and trading. One of the most important of these jobs (How do investment banks help the economy, at https://www.investopedia.com) a- Keywords: banking; banking activity; banks; capital; capital formation; credit; financial; growth; investment; investment bank; period; research; total; united bank; united investment
• THE GROWTH OF THE VOLUME OF DEPOSITS AND ITS IMPACT ON BANK CREDIT by A/P Dr. Sanaa Hasan Hilo (2023) - Introduction Deposits are the most important sources of financing for commercial banks, so banks are keen to develop them, as it is a banking obligation that the bank must return to the depositor upon demand or according to the agreed terms, so banks must work to develop the volume of bank deposits by increasing customer confidence, which depends on the bank's good reputation and financial position, and the clear policy towards customers pushes customers to deposit their money in the bank with confidence and reassurance, so the large volume of deposits contributes to the bank's ability In granting credit, which varies according to its stability and postponement. The research dealt with the growth of the volume of deposits and its impact on bank credit, as the research attention is focused on a sample of private Iraqi banks, and the research problem was to identify the growth of the volume of deposits and its impact on bank credit, and the research sought to achieve a number of cognitive goals based on a main hypothesis, so the research chose (5) banks to collect data and information related to the research and that the research period was (2012-2021) and in order to process the data, many financial and statistical methods were used (linear regression rate of change, and ANOVA analysis) statistical methods have produced a number of results, perhaps the most prominent of which is the presence of the significant impact of bank deposits on bank credit. Keywords: bank; banking; credit; deposits; research; sample; volume
• ISSUES OF MONETARY REGULATION OF MONEY SUPPLY IN THE ECONOMY by Shomurodov Ravshan Tursunkulovich (2023) - Therefore, in the Action Strategy for the five priorities of the country's development in Uzbekistan, the improvement of monetary policy using monetary policy instruments widely used in foreign practice is recognized as one of the priorities for further development of the country's banking system. Also, the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated September 13, 2017 No. PP-3272 “On measures to further improve monetary policy” provides for measures to improve coordination practices in the field of general economic, fiscal and monetary policy, the use of interest- bearing instruments used in monetary policy operations to provide and attract liquidity. Keywords: bank; banking; central; currency; money; policy; rate; republic; uzbekistan
• WAYS TO ENSURE SUSTAINABLE GROWTH OF COMMERCIAL BANKS' LOANS by Khasan Akhmedov (2023) - According to V.Kayukov and A.Kayukov, in order to improve the mechanism of providing enterprises with bank loans by banks, it is necessary to strengthen the resource base of commercial banks, to ensure the proportionality of banks' assets and liabilities according to their size and duration [4]. a g e | 82 www.americanjournal.org WAYS TO ENSURE SUSTAINABLE GROWTH OF COMMERCIAL BANKS' LOANS Khasan Akhmedov Independent Researcher A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S Ensuring the stable growth of commercial bank loans is one of the necessary conditions for improving the practice of financing investment costs of enterprises of the real sector of the national economy. Keywords: banking; banks; deposits; interest; loans
• INTERBANK COMPETITION FOR ATTRACTING IDLE FUNDS OF LEGAL ENTITIES AND INDIVIDUALS by Rufat Bakhtiyorovich Kurbanov; Inomjonov Muslimjon Qaxramon ugli (2023) - Therefore, it is important to gain customer confidence in bank deposits and create all the facilities for them, as well as increase the type, quality and speed of services. It is also important to develop a system of protection of population deposits, and the response to international templates will increase the confidence of the population in the banking system. Keywords: bank; banking; deposits; funds; population; resources; system
• ADVANTAGES OF USING REMOTE BANKING SERVICES IN COMMERCIAL BANKS OF UZBEKISTAN by Karachayeva Mashkhura Valijonovna (2023) - E-mail: mashuravalizonovna@gmail.com A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article examines the importance of remote banking services in banking, the channels of their provision and the possibilities of further expansion. The state of development of remote banking services in the practice of commercial banks of Uzbekistan was analyzed on the basis of collected statistical data, and opinions of foreign and local scientists on this topic were also presented. Keywords: account; banking; banks; client; number; remote; services; system
• ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE BANKING SYSTEM IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN by Ismailova Nasiba Komildjanovna (2023) - According to the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated May 12, 2020 “On the strategy of reforming the banking system of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2020-2025” No. PF-5992, the reform of the banking sector in the Republic of Uzbekistan as one of its main directions, complex transformation of commercial banks with a state share, introduction of modern standards of banking American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 12 May, 2023 P a g e | 215 www.americanjournal.org work, information technologies and software products, sale of a package of state shares in banks to investors with the necessary experience and knowledge on a competitive basis, as well as a state share reduction of the share of the state in the banking sector was determined by simultaneously reforming commercial banks and enterprises. In this regard, a number of works are being carried out in Uzbekistan, currently, as of May 1, 2023, the number of commercial banks operating in the banking market of our country has reached 34, of which 2 commercial banks “APEX BANK” and “LIFE BANK” joint-stock companies in March 2023 received a license to operate. Keywords: banking; banking system; banks; level; security; state; system

• INCLUSIVE GROWTH: CURRENT SITUATION, PROSPECTS OF EXISTING PROBLEMS (in the case of the Republic of Uzbekistan) by Sharipov Ruslan Baxtiyor ugli (2023) - The Logistics Performance Index and Its Indicators 2023 (LPI 2023 report, World bank), page 8 9 Fixed broadband subscriptions (per 100 people) - Uzbekistan | Data (worldbank.org) 10 Calculated by the author based on the data of ‘Data.unicef.org, Child mortality estimates. Fixed broadband subscriptions (per 100 people) - Uzbekistan | Data (worldbank.org) 10. Keywords: data; economy; growth; uzbekistan; world
• WAYS OF ATTRACTING FOREIGN INVESTMENTS AND USING THEM EFFECTIVELY by Sotimov Yunusbek Turg’unboy o’g’li (2023) - The impact of factors on the efficiency of the country's investment activities affecting the processes of attracting and using foreign investment has been evaluated. The existing shortcomings have been identified within the framework of ways to attract and effectively use foreign investment. Keywords: country; economy; growth; investment; republic; uzbekistan
• PROMOTION OF FOREIGN TRADE IN THE COUNTRY'S ECONOMY by B. Z. Arzimatov (2023) - In addition, in recent years: • the procedure for compulsory sale of foreign exchange earnings from exports was completely canceled for all exporting enterprises; • the right to export goods and services in foreign currency without guaranteed payment (advance payment, letter of credit, bank guarantee and insurance); • it was allowed to export goods with a total value of no more than 5,000 US dollars without submitting a customs declaration; • benefits were provided for profit tax and single tax payment from legal entities for the part corresponding to the volume of export sales of products; At the same time, the Chamber of Commerce and Industry helped more than 600 business entities to export products worth 548.7 million dollars to foreign countries in the last period. During the first 8 months of the year, 1 million 246.9 thousand tons of fruit and vegetable products with a total value of 763.6 million dollars were exported to foreign countries. Keywords: export; percent; tax; trade; uzbekistan
• THE NEED AND ECONOMIC BASIS FOR ATTRACTING FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE TERRITORY'S ECONOMY by Yusupjanova Nargiza Utkirovna (2023) - The advantages of direct import of foreign investments for the host region are shown. Decisive factors have been identified for making positive decisions about foreign investment in the region. Keywords: capital; economy; investments; management; portfolio; uzbekistan
• RISK ASSESSMENT OF INSURANCE SERVICES IN OUR COUNTRY by Sh. F. Kobilzhonova (2024) - The credit quality indicators of the banking sector of Uzbekistan have a negative impact on the asset quality indicators of insurance companies. Insurance companies are exposed to credit and market risks associated with the banking sector, in which they invest the bulk of their assets. Keywords: companies; company; financial; insurance; level; sector; uzbekistan
• LEGAL STATUS OF INQUIRY BODIES by Sharipov Asror Safar ugli (2024) - By decision of the Council of ministers, at the invitation of the Supreme Council of judges,not renewable for a period of seven years from among state prosecutors and judges appointed for the term. The investigator's activities contradict local legislation and state law ensuring that there is no unreasonable impact on the subjects of the possible investigation to comply with certain rules and regulations by investigative experts must. Keywords: office; prosecutor; republic; state; uzbekistan
• ISSUES OF PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN by Alimov Alisher Ulashevich (2024) - Currently, the Republic of Uzbekistan is carrying out intensive work on the gradual transition of enterprises to international financial reporting standards. On additional measures for the transition to international standards of financial reporting. Keywords: accounting; reporting; standards; uzbekistan
• CORRELATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS IN THE TRANSITION TO A "GREEN ECONOMY" by Imamxodjayeva Aziza Anvarovna (2024) - While the decoupling of economic growth from environmental degradation is a core tenet of green economy thinking [4], the relationship between environmental performance and socio-economic development is not always straightforward, especially in developing and transition economies like Uzbekistan. Further research is needed to deepen the understanding of green economy dynamics and policies in the specific context of Uzbekistan and other transition economies. Keywords: economy; energy; green; socio; transition; uzbekistan
• THE ENTRY OF UZBEKISTAN INTO THE GLOBAL COMMUNITY. INTEGRATION by Rakhimberdiyev Tolibjon (2024) - Researching the processes of international economic integration and addressing the challenges that may arise within it, as well as striving to identify the most effective forms of this process, has led to the emergence and development of various theoretical approaches. It advanced the idea that, in contrast to market mechanisms and state regulation, the activities of transnational corporations could contribute to the rational and balanced development of international economic integration. Keywords: cooperation; countries; integration; journal; organization; relations; trade; uzbekistan; урунбаева
• PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION: PROBLEMS, SOLUTIONS AND PROSPECTS by Ibragimova Madina Mamasolievna (2024) - The future prospects of project management education in Uzbekistan are discussed, emphasizing the need to align programs with global standards and best practices to produce competitive professionals. However, the state of project management education in Uzbekistan's professional education system faces significant challenges in meeting the needs of the modern workforce. Keywords: education; journal; management; project; uzbekistan
• PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF CRYPTOCURRENCY AND BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGIES FOR BANK PLASTIC CARDS by Xidoyatova Gulnoza Xusnitdinovna (2024) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 23 April - 2024 P a g e | 221 www.americanjournal.org CONCLUSION This paper highlights the significant potential of cryptocurrency and blockchain technologies to transform bank card payments in Uzbekistan. This paper explores the potential applications and prospects of utilizing cryptocurrency and blockchain technologies for bank payment cards in Uzbekistan. Keywords: bank; blockchain; card; cryptocurrency; payments; technologies; uzbekistan
• THE SPREAD OF RELIGIOUS EXTREMIST IDEAS THAT NEGATIVELY AFFECT INFORMATION SECURITY IN UZBEKISTAN by Муминов Муҳаммадбобур Амирқул ўғли (2024) - The article analyzes and provides information on the problems of the spread of religious extremist ideas, which have a negative impact on ensuring information security today, and the skills required to eliminate them, based on scientifically based information related to the field. In addition, a number of organized organizations have been established that fight against the spread of religious extremist ideas. Keywords: ideas; information; internet; uzbekistan
• SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION OF YOUTH LEADERSHIP TRAINING IN NEW UZBEKISTAN by Makhmudov Komal Samadovich (2024) - The main characteristics of leadership, that is, leadership, are as follows: Leading youth developed a desire to be responsible, able to make decisions in difficult times and processes, as well as to take proper responsibility for the decisions they make; The leader has the ability and competence to always think, care about the interests of people and teammates in constant movement and in the interests of people, and not for personal gain during youth activities; Leader young people should have the ability to lead a team on a completely voluntary basis, according to the desire and strength of the goal in them; Leader Youth charisma and gaining the power of natural influence; It is necessary for the leader young people to have the knowledge and skills that can make them feel confident in the leader by the group and the presence of strong authority; Leader youth the ability to recognize mistakes and take responsibility for the situation, from which to look for personal mistakes. The state policy on youth is a system of socio — economic, organizational and legal measures that provides for the creation of conditions for the social formation of young people and the maturation of their intellectual, creative and other potential, youth (young citizens)-persons under the age of fourteen and not more than thirty years. Keywords: leader; leadership; people; policy; state; uzbekistan; youth
• STRATEGIES FOR ADVANCING GREEN LOGISTICS IN UZBEKISTAN: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES by Karrieva Yakutjan Karimovna (2024) - Given the growing environmental concerns and Uzbekistan's strategic position in Central Asia, implementing green logistics practices could significantly reduce emissions, improve energy efficiency, and enhance economic resilience. c. Limited Awareness and Expertise There is a limited understanding and expertise related to green logistics practices within Uzbekistan. Keywords: energy; infrastructure; journal; logistics; management; practices; uzbekistan
• INTEGRATION OF SMART TOURISM TECHNOLOGIES IN UZBEKISTAN: ENHANCING VISITOR SATISFACTION AND LOYALTY IN 2023 by Sayyora Rikhsibaevna Safaeva (2024) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 30, | November - 2024 P a g e | 53 www.americanjournal.org INTEGRATION OF SMART TOURISM TECHNOLOGIES IN UZBEKISTAN: ENHANCING VISITOR SATISFACTION AND LOYALTY IN 2023 Sayyora Rikhsibaevna Safaeva Tashkent State University of Economic, Uzbekistan s.safayeva@tsue.uz sayora.safaeva@gmail.com A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S Tourism has become one of the most rapidly evolving industries globally, with smart tourism technologies (STTs) increasingly influencing how destinations are marketed, managed, and experienced by visitors. 5. Conclusion Uzbekistan has made significant strides in adopting smart tourism technologies, but several gaps remain. Keywords: stts; technologies; tourism; uzbekistan
• PRIVATIZATION OF STATE PROPERTY: ROMANIA'S EXPERIENCE AND ITS APPLICATION OPPORTUNITIES IN UZBEKISTAN by Chinkulov Kakhramon Ravshanovich (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 37 June- 2025 P a g e | 127 www.americanjournal.org Conclusions and Recommendations The experience of Romania demonstrates that an innovative model of state asset privatization through a dedicated investment fund — Fondul Proprietatea — has yielded strong results. The article analyzes the experience of implementing an effective model of state property privatization in Romania — the investment fund Fondul Proprietatea. Keywords: companies; enterprises; fund; investment; jsc; management; privatization; shares; state; uzbekistan
• OPPORTUNITIES FOR DEVELOPING DIGITAL LOGISTICS IN UZBEKISTAN by Babakhodzhaev Giyasiddin Nasyrovich (2025) - The logistics sector is pivotal in ensuring seamless supply chain operations, and with the global transition toward digitalization, digital logistics has emerged as a transformative force in enhancing operational efficiency and competitiveness. This paper explores the opportunities for developing digital logistics in Uzbekistan, a country strategically located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia. Keywords: digital; infrastructure; journal; logistics; uzbekistan
• THE CONSTRUCTIVIST ANALYSIS OF COMPREHENSIVE CHINESE-UZBEK RELATIONS (2017-2023) by Masharipov Miraziz (2025) - Introduction From the Silk Road connections of ancient times, the intriguing relations between China and Uzbekistan in international relations have graduated to a modern strategic partnership that incorporates economic, cultural, and security dimensions. The bilateral relationship has changed profoundly since Uzbekistan's independence from the Soviet Union in 1991, reflecting changes in the balance of power in Central Asia and the expanded influence of China across the Eurasian continent. Keywords: central; china; chinese; cooperation; countries; international; relations; trade; uzbekistan
• IN THE STATE BUDGET IN THE FINANCIAL LEGAL REGULATION OF UZBEKISTAN: MACROECONOMIC FORECASTS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS by Ibrohimov Behzodbek Bahromjon o‘g‘li (2025) - State budget, financial regulation, macroeconomic forecasts, Uzbekistan, GDP growth, tax reform, budget deficit, Uzbekistan-2030, fiscal policy, sustainable development. Based on these goals and directions, state budget revenues for 2025 are set at ₹ 308.5 trillion and expenditures at ₹ 344.6 trillion (Annex 1 of the bill). Keywords: budget; management; republic; so’m; state; state budget; tax; uzbekistan
• ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE SECURITIES MARKET IN UZBEKISTAN by Shomirov Azizbek Abdurashidovich (2025) - Stock market, securities market, investments, emission, financial instruments. World financial markets, Official website // Access mode: https://ru.investing.com/markets/ 11. Keywords: market; republic; securities; securities market; stock; uzbekistan
• AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON THE ADVENTURE TOURISM CONCEPT AND LOCAL TOURIST SATISFACTION by Tilovmurodov Dostonbek (2025) - Indeed, adventure tourism has become increasingly popular among travelers who enjoy physical activities. Adventure tourism is regarded as an economic asset in terms of infrastructure development, with advantages to local communities and many other areas of the economy. Keywords: activities; adventure; adventure tourism; concept; research; tourism; tourists; travel; uzbekistan
• HISTORICAL ROOTS OF NATIONAL VALUES by Hamdam Umarov (2025) - National values, by their nature, are not confined to a narrow circle, but flourish, are renewed in the process of life, are enriched by the achievements of the values of other peoples. National values are embodied in such spiritual American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 33 February - 2025 P a g e | 50 www.americanjournal.org qualities as generosity, kindness, compassion, thoughtfulness, honor, modesty, chastity, modesty, nobility, patience, hospitality, tolerance, cheerfulness, generosity, hard work. Keywords: people; tolerance; traditions; uzbekistan; values
• CURRENT DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN UZBEKISTAN'S FOREIGN TRADE by Kamolov Uygun Tulkinovich (2025) - The 3.8% augmentation in foreign trade turnover (FTT) in 2024, culminating at $65.9 billion, underscores the efficacy of recent economic reforms aimed at bolstering trade activities. The 3.8% increase in foreign trade turnover in 2024, reaching $65.9 billion, indicates positive momentum driven by export growth and diversification efforts. Keywords: economic; exports; growth; trade; uzbekistan
• PROBLEMS OF ENSURING STABILITY OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY AND NATIONAL CURRENCY OF UZBEKISTAN by Omonov Akrom Abdinazarovich (2025) - National economy, national currency, inflation, monetary policy, foreign exchange market, investments, Central Bank. Uzbekistan needs to further deepen reforms to improve foreign trade policy, diversify exports, and reduce dependence on imports. Keywords: currency; economy; policy; stability; trade; uzbekistan
• STATISTICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE EFECTIVA EMPLOYMENT OF THE POPULATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN by Akbarova Zaripa (2025) - It is important to build multifactor econometric models based on the factors affecting the employment rate based on the study of the labor market of our country. In general, the multifactor econometric model looks like this:  +++++= nn xxxy ...22110 , (1) where y is the resulting factor, - influencing factors, - random error. Keywords: employment; factors; lny; model; number; persons; republic; uzbekistan; value
• A STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR UZBEKISTAN’S TRANSITION TO A GREEN ECONOMY: EXAMINING EXISTING OBSTACLES AND PROSPECTIVE OPPORTUNITIES by Toshniyozov Sardor Nuriddinovich; Eldorbekov Gofurbek Iskandarbek ugli; Usmonov Navruzbek Erkin ugli (2025) - CONCLUSION This study has demonstrated that Uzbekistan’s rapid economic expansion, driven by intensive resource use and industrial prioritization, has engendered significant environmental costs—manifested in elevated healthcare expenditures, reduced labor productivity, and increased premature mortality. According to Vasilyeva, while financial resources remain the primary determinant of ensuring environmental labor efficiency in absolute terms, it is precisely investment in informational resources within the work environment that provides a comparative advantage across regions [20]. Keywords: capital; economic; economy; energy; firm; labor; management; percent; production; productivity; uzbekistan; volume
• COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BUDGET ACCOUNTING STANDARDS IN UZBEKISTAN AND INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING STANDARDS by Makhamadalieva Makhliyokhon Makhamadmurod qizi (2025) - Literature Review The theoretical foundation of public sector accounting has evolved significantly over the past decades, moving from traditional cash-based systems toward comprehensive accrual accounting frameworks. Institutional theory provides another lens for understanding public sector accounting reform. Keywords: accounting; cash; ipsas; management; sector; standards; uzbekistan
• GLOBAL EXPERIENCE IN UTILIZATION FEE COLLECTION by Kaljanov Bakhadir Dauletbayevich (2025) - In addition, it touches upon the impact of utilization fees on the global economy and the types of products for which the fees are levied. Developed countries introduced utilization fees years ago and have seen improvements in waste management, especially for vehicles. Keywords: fee; recycling; system; utilization; uzbekistan
• THE IMPORTANCE OF GOLD IN ENSURING ECONOMIC STABILITY by Kadirov Ermat Toshpulatovich (2025) - Gold market, price stability, investment potential, regulatory policy, gold reserves. As can be seen from the table, the United States is the world leader with 8,133.5 tons of gold reserves, and its share in the gold and foreign exchange reserves is 74.9%. Keywords: exchange; gold; market; reserves; uzbekistan; world
• STATISTICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE CONFIDENCE INTERVAL OF THE AVERAGE PROFIT OBTAINED IN A MONTH BASED ON SURVEYS by To‘raeva Zilola Turg‘unovna (2025) - -Training of qualified personnel for new industrial enterprises at the expense of the state budget; -Provision of privileges and incentives for the construction of industrial enterprises in economically underdeveloped regions; -Restriction or prohibition of industrial construction based on ecological conditions, etc. The article discusses the issues of collecting and processing statistical data for statistical evaluation based on surveys regarding the confidence interval of the average profit of industrial enterprises over a month. Keywords: enterprises; production; republic; uzbekistan
• IMPROVING THE FINANCING OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN UZBEKISTAN by Rakhmatullaev Jamshid Murodillayevich (2025) - Material and Method Scientific research on the prospects for development of innovative and investment processes of higher education institutions with the widespread use of market mechanisms, and on improving the financing of higher education in the context of the transition to an innovative economy, is being conducted at leading scientific centers and higher education institutions around the world, including: Ecole Hotelmère de Lausanne (Switzerland), Oxford Brookes University (Great Britain), Cornell University, Harvard University (USA), Les Roches International School of Hotel Management (Spain), Blue Mountains International Hotel Management School (Australia), University of Surrey (Great Britain), Lomonosov Moscow State University (Russia), Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent Institute of Finance (Republic of Uzbekistan) and other higher education institutions. In particular, these include the development of public-private partnerships in the field of higher education, the gradual introduction of the “University 3.0” concept, which envisages the integral connection of education, science, innovation and commercialization of research results in higher education institutions, the widespread attraction of foreign investments, the expansion of the scope of paid services and the establishment of technoparks, foresight, technology transfer, startup, and accelerator centers in higher education institutions through other extra-budgetary funds, and their transformation into scientific and practical institutions that study and forecast the socio-economic development of relevant sectors, industries and regions, increasing the investment attractiveness of higher education, attracting foreign educational and scientific technologies, improving the infrastructure and material and technical base of higher education institutions, including through the widespread attraction of preferential funds from international financial institutions, and gradually transferring them to a self- financing system and ensuring their financial stability. Keywords: education; financing; institutions; republic; system; uzbekistan
• INTERNAL AUDIT AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE: ENSURING TRANSPARENCY AND EFFICIENCY by Maxmudova Sharifa Elmurodovna (2025) - The concept of corporate governance is quite broad, which can also be observed through the approaches of various scholars: V. Lekaram: “Corporate governance is not merely corporate management; it is a system that includes fair, efficient, and transparent management aimed at achieving clearly defined objectives.” D. Suyunov: “Corporate governance is a set of actions carried out to achieve the company’s objectives based on existing regulations that protect the rights of entities within corporate ownership and on certain governance principles.” A. Khashimov: “The main essence of corporate governance is to establish a balance of interests among the various parties involved in the activities of a joint-stock company.” A. Karimov: “Corporate governance is a system through which a business entity is managed; it ensures the effective and secure management of economic and social resources for development, oversees the administration of shareholder and investor capital, identifies and aligns stakeholder interests, and allocates generated profits proportionally among them through organizational, legal, and economic measures.” Keywords: audit; governance; internal; management; republic; uzbekistan
• CONVERGENCE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FINANCIAL SECTOR: IMPLICATIONS FOR TRADE FINANCE AND INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION by Azizbek Tokhtabaev (2024) - This paper examines the role of these technologies in global trade finance, highlights international experiences from the United States, China, the United Kingdom, and Japan, and analyzes Uzbekistan’s position. Blockchain and Smart Contracts in Trade Finance A primary obstacle in international trade finance is the lack of transparency and trust in transactions. Keywords: blockchain; finance; fintech; p2p; platforms; trade; uzbekistan
• ACTIVITY DIRECTIONS OF THE STATE DEBT SERVICE GUARANTEE FUND IN PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT by Komolov Odiljon Sayfidinovich; Yusupov Bekzodjon Abdurakhim oglu (2025) - This process encompasses the following key directions: formulating public debt policy and aligning it with macroeconomic stability strategies; determining debt limits and coordinating them with indicators of budget deficit and fiscal sustainability; assessing the impact of public debt on economic growth, inflation, investment activity, and other macroeconomic indicators; evaluating opportunities for financing nationwide socio-economic programs and developing mechanisms for the efficient use of borrowed resources. In addition, the study analyzes the growth trends of public debt in Uzbekistan and examines the revenues and expenditures of the State Debt Service Guarantee Fund. Keywords: debt; fund; management; public; state; uzbekistan
• WAYS TO IMPROVE THE FINANCING OF FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENTS by Askar Abdusalimovich Yusupov (2025) - Improving the financing of fixed capital investments requires a comprehensive approach. The effective financing of fixed capital investments plays a crucial role in ensuring sustainable economic growth, modernizing production facilities, and introducing innovative technologies. Keywords: capital; financing; growth; investment; uzbekistan
• IMPROVING MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING IN RAILWAY TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES: THE CASE OF “UZBEKISTAN RAILWAYS” JSC by Babakhalov Norbuta Eshnazarovich (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 42, November - 2025 P a g e | 6 www.americanjournal.org IMPROVING MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING IN RAILWAY TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES: THE CASE OF “UZBEKISTAN RAILWAYS” JSC Babakhalov Norbuta Eshnazarovich Doctor of Economics (DSc) Advisor on Financial and Economic Issues “Uzbekistan Railways” JSC A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article explores the theoretical and practical aspects of improving management accounting at “Uzbekistan Railways” JSC Management accounting, in contrast, serves the needs of executives, department heads, and managers. Keywords: accounting; management; railway; system; transport; uzbekistan
• THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITAL COMMUNICATION ON THE GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY OF THE MODERN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE by Гулямова Дилфуза Ибодуллаевна (2025) - Frequency analysis showed that new Internet terms appear faster than established language norms. The application of the proposed measures will make it possible to harmoniously combine traditional norms and modern forms of communication, ensuring the sustainability and development of language culture in Uzbekistan and abroad. Keywords: communication; internet; language; russian; uzbekistan
• APPLICATION PROCEDURE OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS IN BUSINESS ENTITIES by Djumanov Saitmurod Alibekovich; Keldibekova Munisa (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 43, December - 2025 P a g e | 33 www.americanjournal.org APPLICATION PROCEDURE OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS IN BUSINESS ENTITIES Djumanov Saitmurod Alibekovich PhD., Dotsent Financial Accounting and Reporting Department Tashkent State University of Economics Keldibekova Munisa Student of Tashkent State University of Economics, Faculty of Accounting A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S The main purpose of international standards in financial reporting is to bring the financial information of enterprises in different countries into a comparable, reliable, and transparent form. Financial reporting, IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards), investor confidence, small and medium-sized businesses, financial transparency. Keywords: ifrs; reporting; standards; uzbekistan
• DRAINAGE MANAGEMENT ISSUES IN UZBEKISTAN by T. Atakulov (2023) - Methods and Analysis The main focus of the present analysis is to understand how drainage canal maintenance (nature-related physical transaction or action) is organized in the irrigated agriculture of Uzbekistan. For example, carrying out drainage canal maintenance may improve the quality and quantity of water for users located downstream of the canal as well as the rivers. Keywords: canal; drainage; farmers; fund; irrigation; land; maintenance; management; state; systems; transaction; uzbekistan; water
• IMPROVING THE METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING THE LEVEL OF TAX COLLECTION by Berdiyeva Uguloy Abdurakhmanovna (2023) - In this case, local tax revenues tax, of course, in creating an effective mechanism for the budget in the formation the tax burden on taxpayers must be taken into account, otherwise the tax taxpayer dissatisfaction has a negative impact on the efficiency of the tax system possible. Tax burden, tax system, tax policy, local taxes, property tax, land tax, state budget, local budget, tax trend, tax progression. Keywords: budget; burden; income; state; tax; tax burden; taxes; uzbekistan
• EXCHANGE RATE RISK MANAGEMENT IN INTERNATIONAL CREDITS by Yakubov Jakhongir (2023) - For example, Market Risk management Committee will be responsible for: • integration of currency risk management into the business process of a credit institution in all levels, branches and spots; • establishment of standards for management of currency risks and strict compliance by all employees and divisions of the bank; • compliance of selected methods and instruments for minimizing foreign exchange risks; • Although Central bank still has the responsibility of maintaining the national currency’s stability foreign exchange risk American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 12 May, 2023 P a g e | 104 www.americanjournal.org has become one of the prevailing risks as both financial and non-financial companies are not aware of the risks related to exchange rates and have almost no experience of currency risk management. Keywords: banks; currency; exchange; exposure; financial; management; market; rate; risk; uzbekistan

• POSSIBILITIES AND OPPORTUNITIES TO ACHIEVE FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY IN IRAQ AFTER 2003 (FUTURE VISION) by Prof. Dr. Jalil Kamel Ghaidan; Fatima Rahim Hamid (2023) - He added, The new classification came to reflect the continuation of maintaining the level of foreign currency reserves in a manner that exceeds the service of external public debt and the fulfillment of other external financial obligations as a result of the rise in crude oil prices and their recovery in the third and fourth quarters of the current year. Wasit University -Iraq-Wasit-Kut-52001 Email: JKamil@uowasit.edu.iq 2Economic Department , Wasit University -Iraq-Wasit-Kut-52001 Email: fatemaraheem2@gmail.com A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S Many studies in the last three decades have focused on public debt management, known as financial sustainability, as public debt is considered financially sustainable if it fulfills the condition of the ability to pay the debt (solvency condition fiscal). Keywords: budget; debt; deficit; economic; economy; financial; gdp; government; increase; iraq; oil; revenues; sustainability
• THE CONCEPT OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY, ITS SIGNIFICANCE AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS by Qodirov Azamatjon Bakhodirovich (2023) - Some scientists also use terms such as network economy, electronic economy, internet economy, and information economy to explain the concept of digital economy. Qodirov Azamatjon Bakhodirovich Chief Specialist of Asia Alliance Bank JSCB, Master of Science in Information Systems and Technologies in Economics Email: azamattosan@mail.ru A B S T R A C K E Y W O R D S This article discusses the concept of digital economy, its role in management and its importance in achieving economic prosperity. Keywords: economy; intelligence; services; technologies; use; world
• BASIC FINANCIAL AND INVESTMENT MODELS by Davranov Odil Jumanazarovich; Eshmuminova Dilbar Oral daughter (2023) - Development of investment activities in our country in accordance with the conditions of the economic environment, their economic life of the society ensuring activity in all aspects, national production process modernization and sustainable economic growth is one of the important factors of provision. Analysis of these factors for the development of investment activities it will be necessary. Keywords: economy; investment; models; policy
• LEGAL TRANSITION TO THE LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR INVESTMENTS IN THE GREEN ECONOMY by PhD. Якубова Мадинабону Абдумаликовна (2023) - However Bottom Line Based on this comparative analysis, the following legislative measures are recommended to legally transfer the world's best practices into the context of green investment policies: Tax incentives structured as investment credits for the costs of approved technology, equipment and construction/renovation of sustainable facilities. Five keywords: legal transfer, green investments, legislative framework, comparative law, transition to sustainable development. Keywords: economy; energy; investment; policy; tax; transition
• GLOBALIZATION by Utkir Sheraliyevich Achilov (2023) - Between countries regulatory and legal provision of international economic relations, of reproduction processes across national borders exit is international economic cooperation. International economic integration based on the division of labor merger and mutualization of the economies of the same countries to national economies due to effective development of relations can affect in different forms and levels.[1] Investment, investment environment, investment attractiveness, economic factors, investment project, free economic zone Introduction Globalization processes have their own characteristics, the following aspects of the development trends of international economic relations in this context can be considered. Keywords: economy; environment; investment; relations
• ECONOMIC POLICIES IN IRAQ AND WAYS OF ECONOMIC REFORM by Ruaa Naseer Kadhim (2023) - C- T - Stimulating economic growth to reach the stage of stability that economic reform policies aim to achieve and achieve high levels of well-being for society RESEARCH METHODLOGY The second topic: economic reform policies and their compatibility with the Iraqi economy: Keywords: balance; decline; economy; iraq; mechanisms; oil; reform; revenues; sectors
• TODAY'S PROBLEMS AND WAYS OF SOLVING THE PROBLEMS OF GREEN ECONOMY by Todjiboeva Nargiza Jumaboevna (2024) - Measuring Progress: Develop comprehensive and standardized metrics for measuring progress toward green economy goals. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 20 January, 2024 P a g e | 51 www.americanjournal.org Policy Inconsistencies: Inconsistent or changing government policies can create uncertainty for businesses investing in green technologies and practices. Keywords: businesses; economy; practices; problems; transition
• OIL PRICE SHOCKS AND THEIR IMPACT ON ECONOMIC ACTIVITY IN IRAQ by Basman Kamel Al-Ardawi (2024) - Oil price shocks Oil price shocks mean the large fluctuations that occur in crude oil prices as a result of multiple factors mentioned above. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 21 February, 2024 P a g e | 102 www.americanjournal.org Factors affecting the price of crude oil There are a group of different factors that affect crude oil prices and make them constantly fluctuate. Keywords: american; crude; decrease; economics; economy; iraqi; oil; oil prices; price; problem
• ASSESSMENT OF EMPLOYMENT AND DEMOGRAPHIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE POPULATION OF UZBEKISTAN BASED ON A NON-TRADITIONAL APPROACH by Ismailov Akmal Makhsudovich (2024) - Human interest can be fully determined, and only when its constituent qualities are considered as elements of human interest, it will have the essence at the level of a material object. Such an approach means that it is important today to interpret the concept of human interests in a broader way, to determine its specific features. Keywords: economy; employment; interest; labor; person; population; qualities; resources
• THE NEED TO ATTRACT DIRECT INVESTMENTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY'S ECONOMY by Saidov Rasulbek Boltaboyevich; Tulaganova Rukhshona Farrukh qizi (2024) - Foreign direct investment is defined as follows in the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan On Investments and Investment Activities No. 598: Direct Foreign investments are investments of a foreign investor without government guarantees, at the expense of own funds or debt funds in risky conditions [3]. To increase the effectiveness of the activities of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan to attract foreign direct investments to the economy of our country, to inform foreign investors about the opportunities and potential of our country, to attract and utilize foreign investments, and PD-4300 of April 29, 2019 On further improvement of the mechanisms of attracting foreign direct investments to the economy of the Republic [2] adopted in order to improve the coordination of the activities of local executive bodies and local executive authorities shows how important the role of direct investment in the policy implemented in Uzbekistan is. Keywords: capital; country; economy; investments; republic
• THE ROLE AND ADVANTAGES OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY IN IMPROVING INTERNAL AUDIT IN ECONOMIC ENTITIES by Sharifa Elmurodovna Maxmudova (2024) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 30, | November - 2024 P a g e | 74 www.americanjournal.org THE ROLE AND ADVANTAGES OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY IN IMPROVING INTERNAL AUDIT IN ECONOMIC ENTITIES Sharifa Elmurodovna Maxmudova Tashkent State University of Economics Ph.D. Candidate Email: sharifamaxmudova177@gmail.com Phone: +998-97-408-52-75 A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article highlights the significance and benefits of the digital economy in improving internal audit processes within economic entities. It examines the potential of digital technologies to automate internal audit processes, minimize errors, and ensure accurate and timely analysis of financial information. Keywords: audit; blockchain; data; economy; processes; technologies
• USE OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PUBLIC POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAMS by Mirzakhalikov Bobir Bakhtiyorovich (2025) - This allows attracting private sector resources and credit resources of banks, including international financial institutions, to projects related to poverty reduction and a prosperous life of the population. A total of $15.4 billion is expected to be directed toward green energy transition financing goals, with private investors expected to account for 87 percent of all funds directed to public-private partnerships to finance the transition of consumers to alternative energy and the adoption of energy-efficient technologies. Keywords: economy; energy; partnership; poverty; projects; state
• TENDENCIES IN ATTRACTING DIRECT GREEN INVESTMENTS TO THE ECONOMY OF WORLD COUNTRIES by Khoshimov Jakhongir Ravshanbek ugli (2025) - The intensification of global competition in the world economy, the expansion of the financial and economic restrictions regime, create the need to implement an investment policy aimed at actively attracting green foreign direct investment, increasing the attractiveness of the investment environment and ensuring the competitiveness of economic sectors. The modern world economy is in a state of change and rebalancing, and the trends in regulating green foreign direct investment during this period demonstrate the efforts of leading countries to create new areas of growth around them. Keywords: countries; economy; energy; green; investment; percent; world
• INTEGRATION OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE OIL AND GAS SECTOR by Yuldashov Sabir Faizullaevich (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 36, May - 2025 P a g e | 13 www.americanjournal.org INTEGRATION OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE OIL AND GAS SECTOR Yuldashov Sabir Faizullaevich, Doctor of Philosophy in Economics (PhD), Tashkent State Technical University A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S In order to make progress in addressing the sustainability challenges of the oil and gas sector, such as the depletion of natural resources, increasing greenhouse gas emissions, and high rates of waste generation, it is necessary to move from the usual linear economy model (extraction – production – distribution – consumption – waste) to a circular economy model (circular economy), which uses optimization of the production process, reuse or sharing of the product and recycling Waste Since the late 1970s, the concept of a circular economy has been gaining momentum in modern economic systems and production processes. Keywords: economy; gas; management; oil; waste
• CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT IN UZBEKISTAN’S ECONOMY: PRODUCTION VOLUME, INVESTMENT FLOWS, AND EXPORT DYNAMICS (2022–2024) by Ulugbek Otabekovich Urinboev (2025) - Statistics for 2022-2024 showed that cluster production volumes are growing steadily, investments are modernizing infrastructure, and export indicators are increasing competitiveness in international markets. Concurrently, 47.8 billion UZS worth of construction work was executed using the enterprises own funds.7 In 2023, cluster enterprises increased their industrial output to 31,794.5 billion UZS, while the volume of construction work executed amounted to 44.9 billion UZS.8 Keywords: cluster; economy; export; investment; production; uzs; volume
• ECONOMIC REHABILITATION IN IRAQ: DIALECTICAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AND REQUIREMENTS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY by Hussein Shnawa Majeed and Nagham Hameed Abdulkhudhur (2023) - The First Topic Economic reform (concepts and policies) The proposals of the fund and the World Bank from the fact that economic reform policies often lead to restoring internal and external balance by reducing inflation rates and working to strengthen the balance of payments and restore creditworthiness. Table (1) Contribution of economic sectors to the gross domestic product and employment in Iraq for the period (2003-2017) Year Oil sector Industrial sector Agriculture sector Service sector Contribution to GDP % Contribution to employment % Contribution to GDP % Contribution to employment % Contribution to GDP % Contribution to employment % Contribution to GDP % Contribution to employment % 2003 59.2 1.75 3.0 18.91 7.1 12.52 30.6 66.83 2004 55.0 2.08 1.5 15.99 5.4 8.76 37.9 73.17 2005 50.1 2.13 1.5 10.89 7.0 5.33 41.3 81.65 2006 50.0 2.19 1.6 9.56 6.9 6.60 41.4 81.65 2007 52.7 2.39 1.6 13.08 4.9 7.86 40.7 76.67 2008 54.5 2.58 1.6 15.37 3.9 8.16 39.9 73.89 2009 54.0 2.56 2.1 8.50 3.9 4.21 40.0 84.73 2010 51.3 2.59 2.1 9.94 4.2 7.09 42.3 80.38 2011 51.7 2.56 2.0 10.83 4.5 7.63 41.7 78.89 2012 51.3 2.68 1.8 10.37 3.7 8.06 43.1 78.98 2013 49.2 2.99 1.5 10.74 4.2 8.29 45.1 77.98 2014 51.3 2.98 1.2 9.48 4.2 7.65 43.2 79.81 2015 55.1 3.07 0.8 9.11 2.0 7.74 42.1 80.01 2016 64.48 3.15 0.85 9.18 2.13 7.82 32.5 79.80 2017 63.96 3.2 1.16 9.2 1.83 7.55 33.05 79.96 Source: Prepared by researchers based on: Zahed Qassem Badan, Stagnant Inflation and Structural Imbalances in the Iraqi Economy for the Period (1990-2013), Unpublished PhD Thesis, College of Administration and Economics, University of Basra, 2015. - Data of the Ministry of Planning, Central Agency for Statistics and Information Technology, for different years. Keywords: agreement; contribution; economy; fund; government; growth; increase; international; iraq; monetary; oil; period; policies; public; rate; reform; sector
• ECONOMIC REFORMS, FORMATION OF PRIVATE OWNERSHIP HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MARKET RELATIONS IN UZBEKISTAN by Nosirov Rashod Adilovich; Svetlana Vladimirovna Temirova (2023) - The article analyzes fundamental reforms in all spheres of life of our society during the years of independence, market economy, production, exchange and money circulation laws, economic system, history of stages of transition to market economy. Market economy, commodity production, exchange, law, history. Keywords: economy; journal; market; relations
• INTERBANK COMPETITION FOR ATTRACTING IDLE FUNDS OF LEGAL ENTITIES AND INDIVIDUALS by Inomjanov Muslimjon Qakhramonovich (2023) - The article describes measures taken by banks to attract funds from legal and natural persons, restrictions and privileges in providing deposits to the population, as well as the control of the activities of commercial banks in attracting deposits by the Central Bank, researches about laws and regulations will be covered. population savings, depositor, deposits, bank resources, deposit operations, depositors, commercial banks, characteristics of the quantitative limit of depositing. Therefore, it is important to gain customers' trust in bank deposits and to create all the conveniences for them, as well as to increase the type, quality and speed of services. Keywords: bank; deposits; economy; funds; resources

• A STUDY OF THE CORRELATION BETWEEN ACCOUNTING DISCLOSURE AND FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALITY IN BANKS REGISTERED IN THE IRAQI STOCK MARKET by Abboud Jadaan Hamad; Prof. Dr. Emna Boumediene (2023) - Financial accounting: principles of measurement and disclosure (1st edition). It is not only important to disclose financial information, but it is even more important that it is valuable and beneficial for the decisions of investors and creditors and is proportional to the entity's activities and internal conditions (Jaafar, 2005). Keywords: accounting; accounting disclosure; banks; disclosure; frq; information; journal; management; quality; reporting; statements
• MEASURING AND ANALYZING FINANCIAL HEALTH INDICATORS TO REDUCE FINANCIAL FRAGILITY -AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF A NUMBER OF PRIVATE COMMERCIAL BANKS LISTED ON THE IRAQ STOCK EXCHANGE by Jamal Hadash Mohammed (2023) - Financial health, financial fragility INTRODUCTION The global financial environment witnessed a high degree of competition, which required keeping pace with developments taking place in the world of finance and business at the global level in general and in Iraq in particular, which led to rapid development in its activities, which confronts it with the possibility of failure represented by financial fragility, which means the necessity of focusing on financial instruments that raise Of financial health, which reduces financial fragility, which is one of the important tools in the world of finance, it represents a tool for measuring financial performance through which the work of banks can be improved and their financial and operational performance can be increased in light of the developments and acceleration that the world is experiencing today . Financial health is one of the important and modern topics in financial management that must be addressed when evaluating the financial condition of banks and other financial institutions by addressing the most prominent concepts related to financial health, as (Al-Imam, 2010: 10) indicated that financial health expresses the condition that Through it, banks use their available resources efficiently to enable them to manage the risks they face. Keywords: banks; fragility; health; indicators; journal; rate; research; results; return; table; term
• CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCIES: ECONOMIC DRIVERS AND IMPLICATIONS by Khaleel Ismael Azeez; Omar Abdulla Mohammad; Anas Dheyab Salim (2023) - However, central bank digital currencies should be considered in the full context of the digital economy and data centraliza-tion, which raises concerns about competition, payment system integrity, and privacy. Central bank digital currency: the quest for minimally invasive technology (No. 948). Keywords: banks; central; currencies; currency; policy
• DEVELOPMENT AND FORMS OF INTERNATIONAL CURRENCY RELATIONS IN COMMERCIAL BANKS OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN by Tokhtayeva Umida Shamsiddin kizi (2024) - Global financial market, international financial market, capital accumulation, redistribution, debt capital, debt instruments, derivative contracts, euro market, methodological approach, interests of economic agents. there is a possibility of changes in financial, financial sector activity, potential of financial institutions, financial financial methods, risk management policy, opportunities in states (countries) and world financial markets. Keywords: banks; international; journal; market; relations; representative; world
• FOREIGN COUNTRIES' EXPERIENCE IN ASSESSING THE FINANCIAL STABILITY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS by Sattarova Gulshan Mukhiddinovna (2024) - In turn, E.A. Egorkin additionally adds macroprudential control to this group and includes financial stability indicators and a stress test system.[2] U.R. Bayram, A.V.Paramonova and S.I.Zikiriyaeva conditionally divide all methods of assessing the financial stability of banks into two groups, local and foreign groups.[3] Russian economist V. S. Kromonov[4] is a scientist who created a model for assessing the reliability of commercial banks, and developed an integrated index of cumulative indicators of bank reliability based on six criteria of banking activity. Introduction The issue of financial stability of commercial banks and its provision is one of the most pressing issues for all countries. Keywords: analysis; banks; indicators; rating; stability; system
• ANALYSIS OF DIVIDEND POLICY AND INTEREST RATE POLICY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS ON BONDS by Ubaydullayev Dilshod Zubaytovich (2024) - That is, if we pay attention to the nominal value of shares of listed commercial banks, we can see that, in addition to shares of 1,000 soums, 1,700 soums, and 5,000 soums, commercial banks issued shares of 1 soum, 5 soums, 10 soums, and 19 soums. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 31, | December - 2024 P a g e | 34 www.americanjournal.org ANALYSIS OF DIVIDEND POLICY AND INTEREST RATE POLICY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS ON BONDS Ubaydullayev Dilshod Zubaytovich Tashkent State University of Economics Researcher E-mail: dzubaydullayev@gmail.com ORCID: 0009-0005-5731-6895 A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S Keywords: banks; market; securities; shares; stock
• ANALYSIS OF CAPITAL ADEQUACY IN ASSESSING INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF COMMERCIAL BANKS by Urokboyeva Farzuna Akhmadjonovna (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 36, May - 2025 P a g e | 9 www.americanjournal.org ANALYSIS OF CAPITAL ADEQUACY IN ASSESSING INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF COMMERCIAL BANKS Urokboyeva Farzuna Akhmadjonovna The Basic Doctoral Student of Tashkent State University E-mail: farzunaaxmadjonovnaa@gmail.com https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4777-9865 A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S In the world, many methods and methods are used to assess the investment attractiveness of commercial banks. The requirements for capital adequacy of commercial banks according to the regulation correspond to the requirements stipulated in the standards of the international Basel Committee [3]. Keywords: adequacy; assets; banks; capital
• THE ROLE OF THE DIMENSIONS OF THE TARGET COST APPROACH IN PRICING BANKING SERVICES FOR COMMERCIAL BANKS TO ACHIEVE A SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE by Raheem Abed Mohammed (2023) - Discrimination formulas can take many forms, including evaluation, quality, technology, customer services, a network of distributors, and the image of the type of service in the minds of the consumer. The aim of the study is to determine how the use of the target cost method for pricing banking services affects the ability to maintain a sustainable competitive advantage. Keywords: advantage; banking services; banks; cost approach; customers; management; new; pricing; pricing banking; study; target cost; value; variable
• TOPICAL ISSUES OF MANAGING CURRENCY RISKS OF COMMERCIAL BANKS by Tugalov Bobur (2025) - Conclusions and Suggestions We have formulated the following conclusions regarding the management of foreign exchange risks of commercial banks: *the exclusive use of market mechanisms in establishing the exchange rate of the national currency in relation to foreign currency, increasing the role of market instruments in the use of foreign exchange resources, and creating equal competitive conditions in the foreign exchange market for all economic entities are priority areas for the liberalization of foreign exchange policy, which necessitates the improvement of the practice of managing foreign exchange risks in commercial banks; *the following are financial instruments of the currency risk hedging market: currency forwards, currency futures, currency swaps, currency options; *an increase in the volume of conversion operations for the purchase and sale of foreign currencies on the foreign exchange market will lead to an increase in the risk of the foreign exchange position in commercial banks; *bank currency risk management is a system of development, adoption and implementation of decisions on the impact on currency risk in order to prevent, limit or minimize losses associated with it; *in Uzsanoatqurilishbank, the value of open currency positions in 2021-2023 tended to decrease. The article identifies current problems associated with the management of foreign exchange risks of commercial banks and develops scientific proposals aimed at solving these problems. Keywords: banks; currency; exchange; management; market; risk
• THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF DIRECT TAXATION OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN UZBEKISTAN by L. Ergasheva (2025) - Commercial bank income tax, property tax and land tax-the partner program should be applied by banks. When calculating income tax, it is necessary to determine the tax base in accordance with the established procedure, the tax base can be found by the formula: SSB=STF+TPZ+TMM+IHF+CHX-DF-I Here, SSB-tax base STF-profit before taxes; TPZ-at prices below the cost of goods (works, services), losses from sales and free distribution; TNK-taxpayer's acquired property, property rights, works and services free of charge from other persons; IHF-for the use of state-owned real estate is calculated based on the minimum rental rates, the amount of rent established by the lease American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 40 September- 2025 P a g e | 22 www.americanjournal.org agreement is an amount exceeding the amount; HH-expenses that are not deductible ( expenses included in the tax base); DF-dividends and interest received (to be received); I-benefits and reduced amounts. Keywords: banks; expenses; income; interest; tax; л.и; п.л
• THE ROLE OF DEPOSIT POLICY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN INCREASING THE RESOURCE CAPACITY OF BANKS by Jurayev I. I. (2025) - Analysis and synthesis methods are aimed at in-depth study of bank deposit policy and its elements. Bank deposits are considered as the main factors affecting the long-term stability and liquidity risks of the banking system. Keywords: banks; deposits; increase; interest; liquidity; policy; term
• IMPROVEMENT OF METHODS OF MANAGING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES OF COMMERCIAL BANKS by Ismatov Bakhriddin Kutbidinovich (2023) - 2nd Year Correspondence Student A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article talks about commercial banks, methods of managing their assets and liabilities, and ways to improve them. assets and liabilities, profitability, commercial banks, resource base, economy, eminent The further fate of any process is based on its thorough analysis. Commercial banks are large credit institutions that provide universal banking services to enterprises, organizations, citizens, accounts, payment operations, attraction of deposits, keeping deposits, granting loans, as well as operations in the stock market. Keywords: banks; management; operations
• THE ROLE OF STRATEGIC LEADERSHIP PRACTICES IN BUILDING INDEPENDENT ORGANIZATIONS: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF THE OPINIONS OF A SAMPLE OF WORKERS IN IRAQI PRIVATE BANKS by Adnan Rashed Awad; Hashm Rashad ahrash; Abd alfatah Hasan Soltan (2023) - The study concluded with a set of recommendations, the most important of which was the necessity of strategic leadership studies related to the role of practices building organizations, and Building strategic leadership practices based on the analysis of the internal and external environments to identify opportunities in the external environment strategic leadership practices, building independent organizations, Iraqi private banks. In light of contemporary changes and future challenges, there is a need for strategic leadership practices to build organizations, which transform today’s organizations from traditional organizations to global organizations that master the art of dealing with the future with all its challenges, and the requirements of the current era necessitate special care for strategic leadership, as it is the leadership style necessary to achieve Desired and effective progress of organizations. Keywords: banks; building; leadership; organizations; sample; study; study sample; workers
• ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WORLD MONETARY SYSTEM IN THE PERIOD AFTER THE COVID -19 PANDEMIC by Nazaralieva Shohsanam Ilkhom Kizi; Yuldasheva Umida (2023) - Between 2000 and 2020, total asset values have tripled and global financial assets and liabilities have doubled in value compared to real assets, according to the McKinsey Global Institute. currency system, monetary policy, analysis and forecasts, crisis. Keywords: banks; central; financial; global; system
• THE ROLE OF DIVERSIFICATION OF BANKING SERVICES IN THE PROFITABILITY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY IN THE IRAQI CREDIT BANK AND THE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT BANK by A. P. Dr. Rahim Shrad Amer Al-Taie; Researcher: Ibrahim Qais Ibrahim Al-Qaisi (2023) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 10, | March, 2023 P a g e | 159 www.americanjournal.org THE ROLE OF DIVERSIFICATION OF BANKING SERVICES IN THE PROFITABILITY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS: international development), and the research tended to follow the inductive approach, the descriptive approach, and the analytical approach by studying the theoretical framework for diversifying banking services, indicators of profitability in commercial banks, the most important ratios measured, and analyzing the effects left by the diversification of banking services on the profitability of Iraqi private commercial banks, the research sample, in order to strive to achieve the goals set by him and trying to reach them by conducting this type of research. Keywords: banking services; banks; diversification; equity; period; profitability; rate; return; study
• IMPORTANCE OF EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS IN IDENTIFYING RISK by Khudoyberdiyev Javharbek; Izbosarov Boburjon (2023) - By providing a systematic approach to risk management, early warning systems help implement risk management practices throughout the organization, from the board to the front office staff. Early warning indicators in risk management include [9] Early warning indicators are signals that can alert risk managers to potential problems in time, allowing them to take proactive steps to mitigate risks before they become major problems. Keywords: banks; credit; indicators; management; potential; risk; systems; warning
• METHODS OF DEVELOPMENT OF OPERATIONS OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN THE FUND MARKET by Mardonov Shaxriyor Xolmirzo o‘g‘li (2023) - Also, in the article, the opinions of foreign and local scientists on this topic are highlighted and suggestions are made. bank, stock market, capital market, investor, capitalization, depositor, issuer, share, bond, joint stock company. The concepts of stock market and stock market are common in economic literature and vocabulary. Keywords: banks; capital; market; securities; shares; stock; stock market

• MEASURING THE IMPACT OF OIL PRICE FLUCTUATIONS ON THE BUDGET DEFICIT by Malik bin Bashir bin Atiya Al-Wuraimi; Wissam Hussein Alwan (2023) - There are many factors affecting the determination of global oil prices, varying in the strength of their influence, which can be explained as follows: 1- Economic factors : •Change in the value of the currency: The US dollar is considered the base currency for oil prices. Table No. (1 ( The impact of global oil prices on the general budget deficit in Iraq for the period (2004-2020) billion dinars the years Global oil prices (1 )dollar General budget deficit )6( 2004 36.05 865 2005 50.64 9671 2006 61.08 10248 2007 69.08 15568 2008 94.45 20848 2009 61.06 2642 2010 77.46 613 - 2011 107.46 21241 2012 109.45 14326 2013 105.85 5360- 2014 96.29 8086- 2015 Keywords: budget deficit; countries; economic; government; oil; oil prices; oil revenues; public; relationship; revenues; state; table; test; variables
• LOSS AND RECOVERY OF NATIONALITY IN IRAQI LAW by Prof. Fadwa Al-kahwaji; Zeyad Tariq Ibrahim (2024) - In order to answer the previous two questions, the researcher believes that it would have been better for the Iraqi legislator not to allow the person who has lost Iraqi nationality to regain nationality before at least one year has passed since his legal residence in Iraq, and to also close the door to the competent authority to use this exception whenever he wants or not, regardless of whether or not he wants. Nationality has great importance in the lives of individuals and the state alike, and rights and obligations arise from the bond of nationality between the individual and the state. Keywords: citizenship; iraqi; loss; nationality; nationality law; person; request; state
• INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF USING FINANCIAL FUNDS IN BUDGET ORGANIZATIONS by Kalonov Shahijahon Normakhmad ugli (2024) - In particular, according to the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PQ-61 of December 24, 2021, On measures to grant financial independence to state higher education institutions, a number of financial independence was granted to higher education institutions, the main of which are as follows: determining the cost of training on a fee-contract basis, taking into account the demand in the educational services market; determining and extending the payment terms of students' payment-contract funds; Among these are the involvement of local and foreign professors and specialists who can apply modern pedagogical technologies and conduct scientific research on the educational process on the basis of a contract[3]. General and specific differences of higher education institutions in Uzbekistan aspects State higher education institutions are established on the basis of the state budget and are considered state subjects as budget organizations Foreign higher education institutions and branches are established on the basis of foreign capital and operate through a self-financing system. Keywords: budget; education; education institutions; funds; institutions; organizations; state
• WAYS TO IMPROVE LOCAL BUDGET REVENUE GROWTH by Kudaybergenova Guzal (2024) - Assistant of the Department of Finance and Scientific Technologies A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S Ways to improve the increase of local budget revenues are considered. Problems such as under the current conditions, the insufficient level of collection due to the inefficiency of local tax and levy administration mechanisms, as well as the lack of complete accounting and objective determination of the value of real estate and land do not allow to ensure the stability of local budget revenues. Keywords: budget; budget revenues; income; revenues; state; tax; taxes
• IMPROVING FINANCIAL PROCESSES IN SCHOOL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS THROUGH INFORMATION SYSTEMS by Muslitdinov Nadir Khojievich (2024) - In state preschool education organizations (thousands of people) 1130,7 1153,3 1311,0 In preschool educational organizations based on PPP (thousands of people) 107,5 118,3 133,0 In family preschool educational organizations (thousands of people) 369,7 443,7 494.0 Number of children aged 3-7 (thousands) 2792,8 2876,6 2927,4 Coverage of children with preschool education, % 58 63 67 In 2020-2022, in the general structure of the indicators of preschool education organizations in the Republic of Uzbekistan, the tasks related to increasing the number of preschool education organizations in the field of public-private partnership from 1,166 to 1,345 are noted, which indicates that special attention is being paid to the public-private partnership system in supporting the activities of preschool education organizations. Funding of preschool education organizations within the state and local budgets is carried out in the following directions: American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 29 October - 2024 P a g e | 47 www.americanjournal.org expenses of the first and second groups, taking into account the remuneration fund for employees of the preschool educational organization, including allowances and additional payments and social payments; costs of organizing the educational process in preschool educational organizations; the amount of capital expenditures in preschool educational institutions. Keywords: education; financing; organizations; preschool; state
• TYPES, CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF UNEMPLOYMENT by Madenova Elmira Nzamatdinovna (2024) - Structural changes in the economy, such as the shift from manufacturing to services or digitalization, can also cause structural unemployment, when skills and occupations that were previously in demand become redundant. Structural unemployment is caused by changes in the structure of the economy and the labor market. Keywords: economic; labor; problem; state; unemployment
• MODERN FORMS OF AUDITING AND DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT OF INTERNAL CONTROL by B. Turabov (2024) - Also, the features of the compliance audit can be explained as follows: – compliance audit is carried out by independent assessment of the compliance of the activity of the audit object, financial transactions and information with the requirements of the documents regulating the activity of the audit object; – compliance audits are concerned with legality (adherence to formal criteria such as relevant laws, regulations and agreements) or propriety (adherence to general principles governing sound financial management and the ethics of public officials); – “legality” is studied as the main focus of the compliance audit, and “correctness” can be additionally studied in the public sector, such as financial management, ethics of officials and leadership potential; – information on the results of audits is considered important information that serves as a basis for decision-making in the public sector, and it is presented based on appropriate and sufficient audit evidence; – Compliance audit - is aimed at ensuring reliability and provides reasonable or limited reliability in relation to the information on the audit results. Proper organization of internal audit activities, including review of internal audit activities, monthly review of their activities, analysis of identified deficiencies, analysis of the financial and economic unit’s activities and requests from internal audits, as well as illegal situations detected by all control bodies it is necessary to get acquainted regularly, to ensure their complete elimination within the framework of the system by internal audit, to identify the chain of culprits, existing gaps and take measures. Keywords: audit; compliance; control; management; state; system
• NON-STATE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS FUNDING SOURCES AND FORMATION by Yuldashev Khushnidbek Soyibjon ugli (2025) - Non-state higher education institutions in Uzbekistan have determined ways of forming their funds mainly through student payment-contract revenues, private investors' contributions, international grants and loans, state benefits, and corporate cooperation. Introduction In the world, non-state higher education institutions are an integral part of the modern education system. Keywords: education; education institutions; institutions; state; universities
• FEMINIST THEORY AND GENDER DYNAMICS IN CENTRAL ASIAN SOCIETIES (2017-2023) by Nazarillaeva Mekhrangiz (2025) - Throughout post-Soviet Central Asia, states have all adopted gender equality policies, although their implementation has been highly uneven, with varying levels of commitment to gender reforms. State feminism has indeed appeared quite promising in introducing progressive legal frameworks, such as anti-domestic violence laws in Kyrgyzstan and gender equality policies in Kazakhstan. Keywords: asia; central; equality; feminism; gender; kazakhstan; soviet; state; women
• THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC ESSENCE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF TAX ADMINISTRATION IN TAX POLICY by Sharopov Dilshodjon Rakhmatullayevich (2025) - The article primarily focuses on enhancing tax administration and includes analysis based on the opinions and views of economists in this field. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 35 April - 2025 P a g e | 66 www.americanjournal.org Before discussing tax administration in detail, it is essential to first examine tax theory and principles of taxation, as tax administration is an integral part of tax policy and is shaped based on those theoretical foundations and principles. Keywords: administration; budget; economics; state; system; tax; taxation; taxes
• CORRELATE OF DESTINATION ACCESSIBILITY, LEISURE TOURISTS’ SATISFACTION AND REVISIT INTENTION IN AKWA-IBOM STATE, SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA by ETUK, Joseph Sunday; ANOSIKE, Ugochukwu Miracle (2022) - In cognizance of its importance, tourism destination accessibility has stimulated empirical and conceptual interest among, scholars in many developed and developing economies (Buhalis, 2000; Bello & Bello, 2017,). In fact, it has been argued that poor access to tourist destinations accounts significantly for the dismal tourism performance in some states and regions in Nigeria. Keywords: accessibility; destination; intention; journal; management; respondents; revisit; satisfaction; sites; state; study; table; tourism; tourists; visitors
• THE REALITY OF SOVEREIGN DEBT AND THE POSSIBILITIES OF ADDRESSING IT THROUGH FISCAL AND MONETARY POLICY MEASURES IN THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE IRAQI ECONOMY by Hayat Jumaah Mohammed (2023) - In this scenario, the debt incurred due to the issuance process is government debt. In light of this, the distinction between government debt and sovereign debt can be seen in the issuing currency upon which the government borrows. Keywords: bank; countries; currency; debt; dollars; government; government debt; international; iraq; management; monetary; policy; public; state
• DIRECTIONS FOR IMPLEMENTING PROACTIVE BUDGETING IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN by Botirov Azamat Akhmedovich (2025) - Therefore, the issues of developing proactive budgeting mechanisms for the effective use of state budget funds in the development of regions are urgent. The state budget is a centralized fund of state monetary funds (including funds from state trust funds), which provides for the sources of income and the amount of receipts from them, as well as the directions and amount of spending of funds allocated for specific purposes during the financial year. Keywords: budget; budgeting; funds; state; state budget
• STATE SUPERVISION AND REGULATION OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES OF INSURANCE COMPANIES by Ostonov Muhriddin Bahriddin ugli (2025) - Rahimov, A.R. Issues of improving investment mechanisms in insurance activity // Journal of Finance and Economics. – 2022. – No. 4. - P. 33–38. Global trends in insurance markets. Keywords: activities; companies; insurance; insurance companies; investment; market; state
• SOCIAL TRANSFERS AND THEIR ROLE IN POVERTY REDUCTION: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS BASED ON THE EXPERIENCE OF UZBEKISTAN by Zubaydullayeva Muxlisa Rustamjon kizi (2025) - According to international experience, the implementation of social housing programs at the local level increases their effectiveness and expands the possibility of providing low-income groups with housing. These years were characterized by the active implementation of housing policy, for example, by the expansion of mortgage programs or social housing construction. Keywords: budget; housing; loans; mortgage; policy; population; state
• TIME MANAGEMENT AND SERVICE DELIVERY OF HEALTH CENTRES IN BONNY ISLAND, RIVERS STATE by Enoch Chioma Sunny; Akenbor O. Cletus PhD (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 38, July - 2025 P a g e | 31 www.americanjournal.org TIME MANAGEMENT AND SERVICE DELIVERY OF HEALTH CENTRES IN BONNY ISLAND, RIVERS STATE Enoch Chioma Sunny Department of Business Administration Federal University, Otuoke Bayelsa State, Nigeria Akenbor O. Cletus PhD Department of Accounting Federal University, Otuoke A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This study examined the relationship between of time management and service delivery of health centres in Bonny Island, Rivers State. Time management and service delivery are key components of an effective healthcare system. Keywords: bonny; centres; delivery; health; healthcare; journal; management; rivers; service; state; study; time; time management
• ADVANCED FOREIGN EXPERIENCES IN IMPROVING THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR FINANCIAL CONTROL OVER THE USE OF BUDGET FUNDS by Jurayev Nomoz Tursunpulotovich (2025) - Research Methodology This research employs a qualitative methodology grounded in the analysis of both theoretical concepts and international best practices related to public financial control systems. This paper examines the historical evolution, institutional structures, and global practices of state financial control. Keywords: audit; control; financial; government; management; state
• THE THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE FORMATION OF FINANCIAL MECHANISMS FOR ATTRACTING FOREIGN INVESTMENT by Murodov Shokhijahon Najmiddin ugli (2025) - The relevance of this topic is that creating a favorable investment climate in the country, further improving financial mechanisms for effective attraction of foreign investments, studying foreign experience in this regard and, as a result, attracting external investment sources. The second approach to considering the concept of “financial mechanism” is that it is understood as a set of methods and forms, ways and means of influencing the state and development of the economy. Keywords: investment; management; mechanism; methods; policy; state; tax
• PRIORITY DIRECTIONS AND PROSPECTS FOR ENSURING THE STABILITY OF THE STATE BUDGET by Aliyev Ma’ruf Komiljon O’g’li (2023) - state budget, stability, priority directions, budget system. It is used to bring budget data into a single system for the purpose of establishing, reviewing, accepting and executing state budgets, and budget classification ensures that budget data is compared with the same data of international classification systems. Keywords: budget; expenses; stability; state; system; witnesses
• FOREIGN EXPERIENCES OF EFFECTIVE MEASURES OF FINANCING THE ACTIVITIES OF AGROCLUSTERS by Q.Q. Mamadaliev (2023) - In developed countries, financing of agroclusters activities is financed by the state within the framework of the established programs when the cluster activities are organized. In 2021 , according to the specialization of agricultural clusters in the European Union by the European cluster cooperation platform, agro-textiles (37), agro-tourism (22), energy-industry (35), creative-digital (19), healthcare (21), divided into 7 groups such as electronics-mobility (17) and non-specialized-diversified (50)8 According to the data, clusters occupy a very high share of employment in European countries. Keywords: agroclusters; countries; http://www.clusterobservatoru.eu/; products; resources; state
• CLASSIFICATION OF INDICATORS OF THE BUDGET SYSTEM AND TREASURY PERFORMANCE IN THE COUNTRY by Mamayusupova Shakhina Ulugbek kizi; Mirdjamalov Daler; Abdullaev Asrorjon (2023) - Budget system financial security is a very important principle for the country's development. Also, the income of the country's local budget funds and budget funds that achieve cost proportionality and others. Keywords: budget; country; state; system
• INSURANCE RELATIONSHIPS ORGANIZE REACH FORMS by Tugizova Malika Sokhib kizi (2023) - Mandatory insurance insurance has been social (statewide) demand reflection makes State establishes the obligation of insurance for these purposes on the basis of legislation. Mandatory insurance insurance contributions from being paid strictly the act of looking. Keywords: conditions; insurance; insured; object; state
• THE NEED TO INCREASE THE INDEPENDENCE OF LOCAL BUDGETS IN UZBEKISTAN by Sharapova Mashkhura Azadovna (2023) - In 2020-2022, the share of local budget revenues in the structure of State budget revenues [7], bln. soum Revenues 2020 year 2021 year 2022 year State budget Local budget State budget Local budget State budget Local budget sum % sum % sum % I. Total revenue: 132938 34751,9 26,1 147202 26970,3 18,3 200000 37412,2 18,7 1. Direct taxes 45207 20019,8 44,3 46845,2 14329,7 Despite the decrease in tax rates, the amount of local budget revenues is increasing, and the share of local taxes and fees in its composition has increased compared to previous years, but it is not enough to cover the costs of local budgets. Keywords: budget; income; republic; revenues; state; tax

• THE ROLE OF ELECTRONIC ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE IN STRENGTHENING THE INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM AND ITS REFLECTION ON THE QUALITY OF INVESTMENT DECISIONS by Researcher: Mohammad Hamid Majeed; Mr. Dr. Khamoussi Ahmed Halioui (2023) - The researcher attributes the high number of males compared to the number of females in the study community to the bank's interest in attracting male employees, since the majority of the work required to be implemented is field and technical work and requires physical effort, and that the level of electronic accounting programs in the Industrial Bank of Iraq was high, and that the level of quality of investment decisions was high and that The level of the internal control system was average. The study recommended the need to disclose the effectiveness of the internal control system and show its strength and effectiveness to ensure the credibility of electronic accounting programs and the need to update the programs used by specialists on an ongoing basis in the Industrial Bank of Iraq. Keywords: accounting; accounting information; accounting programs; accounting software; bank; control; control system; data; effect; industrial; information; investment; investment decisions; iraq; journal; management; quality; study
• THE IMPORTANCE OF THE INVESTMENT CLIMATE IN THE INFLOW OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT INTO THE COUNTRY by Navruzov Ikram Abdullaevich (2023) - In turn, foreign investment will accelerate the pace of structural restructuring of the economies of developing countries. Attracting foreign investment as the most important direction will largely depend on the ongoing political and socio- economic reforms in a country. Keywords: attractiveness; country; enterprise; investment; journal; management; potential
• INVESTING IN THE GREEN ECONOMY: LEGAL REGULATION by PhD. Якубова Мадинабону Абдумаликовна (2023) - Five key aspects are analyzed: incentives for green investment, removal of barriers, international cooperation, monitoring and enforcement mechanisms, and stakeholder engagement. Many jurisdictions lack clear incentives and a robust policy framework to incentivize green investment (Smith, 2020). Keywords: climate; energy; finance; green; incentives; international; investment; oecd; policy
• THEORETICAL BASIS AND PRACTICAL DIRECTIONS OF OPTIMIZATION OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND INVESTMENT SOURCES IN FREE ECONOMIC ZONES by Kuziev Ravshan Ramazanovich (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 39, August - 2025 P a g e | 1 www.americanjournal.org THEORETICAL BASIS AND PRACTICAL DIRECTIONS OF OPTIMIZATION OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND INVESTMENT SOURCES IN FREE ECONOMIC ZONES Kuziev Ravshan Ramazanovich PhD, Independent Researcher A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article provides a scientific analysis of the types of financial instruments and investment sources in free economic zones (FEZs), their economic efficiency and impact on regional development. Free economic zones, financial instruments, investment sources, institutional-pluralistic approach, preferential financing, venture capital, infrastructure bonds, digital financial infrastructure, financial clustering, investment attractiveness. Keywords: capital; efficiency; financing; infrastructure; instruments; investment; level; zones
• FOREIGN INVESTMENT ATTRACTION AND INVESTMENT ENVIRONMENT by Amirov Zubaydullo Toir son (2023) - In the present article is given investment environment in attracting of investments and capital flow. In particular is offered investment environment of developed countries of the World and criteria of assessment of investment environment in investments involving process. Keywords: environment; factors; investision; investment; investment environment; level; region
• THE EFFECT OF FREE CASH FLOW ON THE FIRM VALUE IN A SAMPLE OF IRAQI COMMERCIAL COMPANIES LISTED IN THE IRAQI STOCK EXCHANGE by Hashim Hayder Yousef; Assist. Prof. Dr. Hassnain Kazem Ojah (2022) - Research Problem Recently, many researchers have highlighted the search for variables that have a significant impact on the diversity of investment opportunities, and free cash flow was one of these variables that whenever there were free cash flows, this led to the search for the best investment decisions, which in turn will reflect on the value of the Firm from Through its competitiveness and the diversity of its business fields, the more investment opportunities increased and diversified, which led to a higher value of the Firm and a decrease in the risks surrounding the Firm, which is reflected in the value of the Firm. 2- Measuring financial performance Free cash flow represents one of the tools for measuring financial performance by clarifying the amount of cash owned by the Firm after the required operating assets have been developed (Tristiarini & Prawiwi, 2017: 184), the backbone of any Firm's performance is free cash flow. Keywords: capital; cash flow; companies; company; economics; firm; investment; journal; management; research; stock; value
• THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF THE TIME FACTOR IN DETERMINING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION ENTERPRISES by G’iyosov Ilhom Karimovich; Karimov Inomjon Ortikbayevich (2023) - Time factors have an influence on the financial result of the project in different directions, an indirect nature. Time factor investision affects the economic interests of all participants in the process. Keywords: construction; factor; investment; management; period; production; project; time
• THE ROLE OF FOREIGN INDIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF IRAQ'S SECURITIES MARKET FOR A WHILE (2009–2021) by M.M. Hawraa Kadhim Jari (2024) - To sensitize Iraqi and non-Iraqi investors on market investment opportunities. Share of shares purchased and sold on Iraq ' s long-term securities market ( 2009-2021 ) Table ( 3 ) Table showing the proportion of shares purchased and sold on the Iraqi Stock Exchange Serial Year Shares purchased and sold 1 Number of market shares 2 Percentage (%) 1 / 2 1 2009 78726 211291 37.26 2 2010 42539 255660 16.64 3 2011 101446 492372 20.6 4 2012 64562 625640 10.32 5 2013 140803 871182 16.16 6 2014 132866 743852 17.86 7 2015 254491 579640 43.91 8 2016 134323 1038230 12.94 9 2017 125836 1215082 10.36 10 2018 69784 832631 8.38 11 2019 67451 460097 14.66 12 2020 79849 403316 19.80 13 2021 112964 930597 12.14 Source / researcher ' s work based on annual Iraqi Stock Exchange Bulletins for Duration (2009-2021) Keywords: country; dinars; investment; iraq; market; number; securities; shares; stock; stock market; study; value
• A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT TRENDS: INSIGHTS INTO SECTORAL PATTERNS AND REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION by Murtozaev S. A. (2024) - After reaching an unprecedented peak of nearly US$1,36 trillion in 2000, global FDI inflows experienced a significant downturn in the following years. Collectively, these factors contributed to the sharp drop in the volume of global FDI inflow during that period. Keywords: countries; dollars; fdi; global; inflows; investment; volume
• THE THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE FORMATION OF FINANCIAL MECHANISMS FOR ATTRACTING FOREIGN INVESTMENT by Shokirov Khotambek Anvarovich (2025) - The relevance of this topic is that creating a favorable investment climate in the country, further improving financial mechanisms for effective attraction of foreign investments, studying foreign experience in this regard and, as a result, attracting external investment sources. The second approach to considering the concept of “financial mechanism” is that it is understood as a set of methods and forms, ways and means of influencing the state and development of the economy. Keywords: https://translate.yandex.ru/translator/%d0%a3%d0%b7%d0%b1%d0%b5%d0%ba%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%a0%d1%83%d1%81%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9; https://translate.yandex.ru/translator/%d0%a3%d0%b7%d0%b1%d0%b5%d0%ba%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%a0%d1%83%d1%81%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9 https://translate.yandex.ru/translator/%d0%a3%d0%b7%d0%b1%d0%b5%d0%ba%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%a0%d1%83%d1%81%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9; investment; management; mechanism; policy; tax
• DIRECTIONS FOR INCREASING THE INVESTMENT ACTIVITY OF INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURES OF THE STOCK MARKET by Usmonov Zokirjon; Butayev Javlonbek (2025) - Extensive research is being conducted in the world to further deepen the integration of stock markets, increase the investment activity of stock market institutional structures, and further improve the activities of institutional structures. Today, priority areas for increasing the investment activity of stock market institutional structures have been identified in Uzbekistan, and in these areas, tasks have been set to accelerate the attraction of investments to the national economy and thereby ensure high growth rates, and improve the activities of stock market institutional structures. Keywords: activity; investment; market; stock; stock market; structures
• INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE FORMATION OF LOCAL BUDGET REVENUES WITH THE ECONOMIC AND INVESTMENT CAPACITY OF REGIONS by Yusupov Ruslan Bakhtiyorovich (2025) - Compared to the beginning and end of the analyzed period, the highest growth rates of local budget revenues were recorded in Navoi region (4.1 times), Namangan (3.1 times), Tashkent (3.4 times) regions and Tashkent city (3.4 times). Table 3 Data on the dynamics of local budget revenues (excluding transfers), in billion soums № Regions 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 G ro w th i n 2 0 2 3 co m p ar ed t o 2 0 1 7 , ti m es 1 Republic of Karakalpakstan 1485,2 2241,1 2953,3 2743,9 1869,3 2499,5 2843,7 1,9 2 Keywords: activity; budget; growth; investment; percent; regions; soums; tashkent
• ORGANIZATION OF INTERNAL AUDIT OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES by Umaraliev Sanjar Sultonalievich (2025) - However, when defining the purpose of investment audit, the focus is more on determining the accuracy and quality of information related to investment projects rather than the overall financial statements; uncovering hidden reserves and achieving planned indicators are also emphasized. Levina M.V. Organization and methodology of economic analysis of financial investments. Keywords: activities; audit; control; investment; organization
• ISSUES OF ACCOUNTING FOR INVESTMENT PROPERTY BASED ON INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS by Mahmudov Jamshed Ashrafovich (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 40, September - 2025 P a g e | 72 www.americanjournal.org ISSUES OF ACCOUNTING FOR INVESTMENT PROPERTY BASED ON INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS Among the objects of investment assets, investment properties occupy a significant share. Keywords: accounting; investment; property; reporting
• ATTRACTION DIRECTIONS OF FOREIGN INVESTMENTS IN TERMS OF INVESTMENT ENVIRONMENT ATTRACTIVENESS by Tirkashev Farruxjon Khоlyigitovich (2025) - This article examines the main directions for attracting foreign investments based on the concept of investment environment attractiveness. Thus, a comprehensive approach to enhancing investment environment attractiveness in attracting foreign investments—a strategy based on the harmony of institutional, legal, economic, and technological factors—is of great importance. Keywords: attractiveness; environment; investment; investors
• METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP PROJECTS by Matkarimov Akbar Muso ugli (2025) - These assessment methods can be grouped as a whole as follows: Table 1 Methods for assessing the financial efficiency of financing public- private partnership projects № Method name Brief description 1. A correct assessment of project risks helps to develop a strategy for their mitigation and management. Keywords: assessment; effectiveness; impact; investment; irr; partnership; project
• IMPROVEMENT OF FORMING CASH FLOW STATEMENT BASED ON INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS by Rakhmonov Sherzod Sherkulovich; Tolipov Islomjon Gofirjon ugli (2023) - Money currents about report period during money flows operational , investment and financial activities according to classified without show need _ Consistent categorization : - For money in did not find operations not included ; - That's right or curve method applying IFRS 7 is correct method to apply recommendation is enough ; - Finance organizations reports on a NET basis make up enable gives _ Economy host to subjects money currents about the report make up , calculate principle action does not From this come came out without , money currents about the report directly method make up for operational of activity money funds flow determination for the following to indicators attention focus should : 1. Investment of activity money funds flow determination for : - Main tool and another long term assets buy get and sell _ - Financial investments buy get and to sell attention is directed . Keywords: activity; cash; currents; financial; funds; investment; money; payments; report; subject
• MEASURING THE LONG-TERM EQUILIBRIUM RELATIONSHIP AMONG THE INTEREST RATE, INVESTMENT EXPENDITURE AND GROSS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN IRAQ FOR THE PERIOD (2004-2020) by Jamal Hussein Ali; Yusra Salim Nayef; Lojain Arif Ali (2022) - The Concept of Domestic Investment The World Bank defines domestic direct investment as the gross capital formation (i.e., the gross capital formation previously). Reducing interest rates to the lowest possible level and facilitating bank loan procedures, especially for the local investor, which helps to raise the level of direct domestic investment. Keywords: expenditure; hypothesis; investment; iraq; level; model; relationship; test; value; variables
• PROMOTING INVESTMENT ACTIVITY OF LARGE TAXPAYERS THROUGH TAX INCENTIVES by Tokhirov Shukhrat Niyoz ugli (2023) - Tax incentives enable very quick changes in tax incentives to effectively implement the regulatory function of taxes. Before interpreting the issues of promoting the investment activity of large taxpayers through tax incentives in terms of science, we need to study the economic essence of the “tax incentives” concept. Keywords: incentives; investment; republic; tax; tax incentives; taxes; taxpayers; uzs

• EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF CHEMICAL INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES by Avulchayeva Feruza Dzhurakuziyevna (2023) - The criterion of enterprise management efficiency is inextricably linked to its goals. The effectiveness of enterprise management in many cases depends on long-term planning of its activities and prediction of future changes. Keywords: effectiveness; efficiency; enterprises; management; system
• EVALUATING RESPONSIBILITY ACCOUNTING EFFECTIVENESS UNDER RESOURCE CONSUMPTION ACCOUNTING METHOD-A CASE STUDY IN THE STATE COMPANY FOR THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY AND MEDICAL APPLIANCES / SAMARRA by Yaseen Abbas Dawood; Asst. Prof. Dr. Laith Noman Hassoon (2023) - Thus, the overall rate has been reached, and the quantification of resource outputs (causes of resource cost) is explained: In this step, the costs of activities consumed by resources are determined in accordance with the preceding two steps and as shown in table (8) as follows: Table 8 Distribution of resource costs to activities Source Activity Indirect materials Indirect wages Driving Force Equipment Maintenance Services Marketing and administrative expenses Total Production Management 8,750,560 4,994,080 679,284 942,900 2,311,776 17،678،600 Communications 6,562,920 3,745,560 509,463 942,900 1,733,832 13،494،675 Handling 4,375,280 2,497,040 339,642 942,900 1,155,888 9،310،750 Operating 32,814,600 18,727800 2,547,315 942,900 8,765,484 63،798،099 Transport 13,125,840 7,491,120 1,018,926 942,900 3,467,664 26،046،450 Storage 4,375,280 2,497,040 339,642 942,900 1,155,888 9،310،750 Packaging 24,128,000 24,064,040 13,733,720 1,868,031 942,900 6,453,708 71،190،399 Total 24,128,000 94,068,520 53,686,360 7,302,303 6,600,300 24025,044, 210،829،723 Source: Table of researchers' preparation based on results. Keywords: accounting; company; consumption accounting; costs; deviations; energy; management; method; performance; resource consumption; resources; responsibility; system; table
• EXPLAINING THE HALO EFFECT ON THE ROLE OF STRATEGIC SYSTEM CRITERIA IN STOCK COMPANIES by Ahmed Imad Jawad Alradhi (2023) - In this research, the halo effect on the role of management system criteria in listed companies will be investigated. Research objectives The main objective - Investigating the relationship between halo effect and management system in listed companies Sub-goals - Examining the relationship between the halo effect and the quality of information provided in listed companies -Examining the relationship between the halo effect and the complete and optimal disclosure of information in listed companies - Examining the relationship between the halo effect and the effective supervision of the board of directors in listed companies - Research questions (or research hypotheses) Keywords: companies; effect; governance; information; management; research; system
• THE IMPACT OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEM AS CONTROL AND AUDITORS ON SMES ACCOUNTING PRACTICES by Assistant Professor, Emad Al-Harash (2024) - To compare SMEs' accounting procedures to those of their rivals, the current study, however, examined SMEs' accounting practices using subjective data and the self- rating technique. This empirical study is aimed at an analysis made as to how much accounting information systems such as control and auditor may impact SMEs' accounting practices. Keywords: accounting; accounting information; accounting practices; ais; auditor; control; harash; information system; performance; smes; smes accounting; system
• PROBLEMS OF IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE MECHANISM OF FINANCING THE ACTIVITIES OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS by Nasurova Kamolaxon Ravshanovna; Ismailova Feruza Israilovna (2024) - Funding of preschool education organizations within the state and local budgets is carried out in the following directions: expenses of the first and second groups, taking into account the remuneration fund for employees of the preschool educational organization, including allowances and additional payments and social payments; costs of organizing the educational process in preschool educational organizations; the amount of capital expenditures in preschool educational institutions. In state preschool education organizations (thousands of people) 1130,7 1153,3 1311,0 In preschool educational organizations based on PPP (thousands of people) 107,5 118,3 133,0 Keywords: education; financing; organizations; preschool; system
• ADVANCED FOREIGN EXPERIENCES IN COST ACCOUNTING AND COST CALCULATION by Djumanov Saitmurod Alibekovich (2024) - In the article, advanced foreign experiences in the field of cost accounting and cost calculation and their integration into the network of business entities operating in Uzbekistan, analysis and accounting of production costs, product (works, services) costs the main types of modern methods are considered. Currently, reliable information on the formation of product costs is considered as one of the methods of obtaining competitive advantages. Keywords: costs; materials; production; system; time
• THE ROLE OF THE INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM IN INCREASING THE RELIABILITY OF ACCOUNTING REPORTS by Kilicheva Farida Beshimovna; Bozorova Ozoda Rakhimovna (2025) - Internal control system, accounting, financial reporting, automation, fraud prevention, risk management, transparency. Introducing modern technologies The use of cloud technologies and artificial intelligence-based systems helps to increase the effectiveness of internal control. Keywords: control; management; system
• THE IMPACT OF THE COMPUTERIZED ACCOUNTING SYSTEM ON THE PERFORMANCE OF INTERNAL AUDITING AND FINANCIAL REPORTS (A STUDY ON A SAMPLE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS LISTED ON THE IRAQ STOCK EXCHANGE) by Fraq Abdulaal Mhalhal; Hazem Ali Muttair; Nawar Ali Makttoof (2022) - 4-4- Concept and definition of reports Financial reports are considered the beating heart of the work of any company, regardless of its type and target market, as it is difficult for companies to organize their financial management and control their commercial activities without resorting to financial reports. The research aims to identify the efficiency and effectiveness of internal auditing and financial reports in light of the use of the computerized accounting system through studying, analyzing and examining the lists and financial reports prepared under a computerized accounting system that is not paper-based by the professionally recognized rules, principles and accounting principles in order to ensure the validity of the results of the activity prepared under To the accounting standards approved by the accountant and to ensure the validity of the results according to the tax return submitted by the taxpayers, the research has reached several conclusions. Keywords: accounting; audit; average; deviation; direction; paragraph; reports; system
• IMPROVING OF THE ACCOUNTING AND INTERNAL CONTROL IN BUDGET ORGANIZATIONS by Zilola Azizova (2025) - Accounting policy is applied during the financial year as a set of certain methods, bases, allowances, rules and techniques used by budgetary organizations in maintaining budgetary accounting and preparing financial statements in accordance with established principles7. In the process of forming the accounting policy, the standard of budgetary accounting of the Republic of Uzbekistan (SBU No. 1) Keywords: accounting; committee; control; funds; highway; organizations; policy; system
• EXPANDING THE FINANCIAL OPPORTUNITIES OF THE POPULATION THROUGH THE SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEM by Beknazarov Zafarjon Ergashevich; Saydullayeva Ruhshona Ulug‘bekovna (2025) - In recent years, Uzbekistan has paid special attention to the development of the social protection and social insurance system of the population. In the current rapidly developing world, social insurance systems are operating, differing from each other in their components and various types of financing. Keywords: benefits; families; insurance; number; pension; population; protection; system
• IMPROVING THE REGULATION AND INCENTIVE FEATURES OF PERSONAL INCOME TAXATION by Ruziev Ghanisher Usarovich (2025) - Introduction One of the most important types of taxes in international tax practice is personal income tax, the necessity of which is linked to its economic, social, and political functions. According to I.V. Gorsky, personal income tax is not only the most important among taxes levied on the population but also lies at the core of any modern tax system. Keywords: income; minimum; system; tax; taxation

• HUMAN CAPITAL REPORTING AND MARKET CAPITALIZATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL FIRMS IN NIGERIA by Friday Baridoo; Leyira C. Micah; Fineface N. Akani (2023) - Human capital reporting. The objective of this paper is to determine the relationship between Human capital reporting and Market capitalization of Pharmaceutical firms in Nigeria. Keywords: accounting; capital; companies; human; journal; management; market; nigeria; pharmaceutical; reporting; stock; value
• THEORY AND ANALYSIS OF HUMAN CAPITAL by Djuraev Umid Djumaevich (2024) - According to Bowen, human capital consists of knowledge, skills, motivation and energy that are given to people and can be used for the production of goods and services for a certain period of time Human capital is defined as knowledge, skills, experience and other characteristics embodied in individuals and related to economic activity[3] A.I. Dobrynin, S. A. Dyatlov and E. D. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 20, | January, 2024 P a g e | 45 www.americanjournal.org THEORY AND ANALYSIS OF HUMAN CAPITAL Djuraev Umid Djumaevich University of Science and Technologies Teacher of the Economics Department A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article discusses the theory and analysis of human capital in the areas of economics, the emergence, formation, problems, economic category, management, development and dissemination of the modern concept of human capital. Keywords: capital; enterprise; human; knowledge; labor; management
• ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF FINANCING RELATIONS IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR by Ishniyazov Bakhrom Normamatovich (2024) - Despite the fact that the sources of financing used in the financing of agricultural production enterprises are the same, there are a number of features of the operating conditions of the sector that significantly affect the composition of the sources of financing of economic entities. In the financing of agricultural production enterprises, when granting loans by the bank, their characteristics are taken into account, first of all, the amount of the requested loan is taken into account, taking into account the size of the farm's financial resources. Keywords: capital; enterprises; financing; production; products; relations
• PARTICIPATION OF INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS IN THE CAPITAL MARKET: IN THE CASE OF UZBEKISTAN by Omonov Sardor Ulmasovich (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 32, | January - 2025 P a g e | 130 www.americanjournal.org PARTICIPATION OF INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS IN THE CAPITAL MARKET: IN THE CASE OF UZBEKISTAN Omonov Sardor Ulmasovich PhD, Tashkent State University of Economics, Uzbekistan Email: sardoromonov7777@gmail.com A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article focuses on the current situation, participants and problematic aspects of the national capital market in the study of some issues in the activity of institutional investors in the capital market of our country. Capital market, institutional investor, commercial banks, insurance companies, investment funds, stock, bond. Keywords: capital; companies; insurance; investors; jsc; market; securities
• ENHANCING THE CAPITAL VALUE OF JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES THROUGH GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE: A METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH by Urinov Bobur Nasilloyevich (2025) - Corporate governance, capital value, joint- stock companies, independent directors, strategic openness, sustainable development, disclosure index. In emerging markets, such as Uzbekistan, corporate governance remains at a formative stage. Keywords: capital; companies; governance; index; tobin; value
• ROLE OF CORPORATE SECURITIES IN CAPITAL MARKET by Otakhonova Shokhyora Khamidullakhon kizi (2025) - 5. Investment Attraction Period: Issuing common shares provides an indefinite period to attract investment, which can be advantageous for companies looking for long-term funding. In this era of accelerating globalization, large companies are directing twice as much of their capital into the economies of developing countries than into developed countries. Keywords: capital; company; financing; securities; shares; stock
• ROLE OF DIVIDEND POLICY IN CAPITAL MARKET by Sherkuzieva Nasiba Abrorovna (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 35, April - 2025 P a g e | 187 www.americanjournal.org ROLE OF DIVIDEND POLICY IN CAPITAL MARKET Sherkuzieva Nasiba Abrorovna PhD, Associate Professor of “Corporate Finance and Securities” Department, Tashkent State University of Economics, Uzbekistan E-mail: n.sherkuziyeva@tsue.uz A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article studies role of dividend policy in capital market. Moreover, effects of dividend policy in capital market, dividend payout statistics for companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) are analyzed in detail. Keywords: capital; dividend; dividend policy; growth; investors; management; market; policy; stock; term
• EFFECTIVE USE OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT METHODS IN COMPANIES by Karimov Akramjon Ikromjon ugli (2025) - The article concludes by proposing a comprehensive framework for the strategic and adaptive application of financial management methods to increase overall corporate efficiency and competitiveness. Introduction In the current era of intensified global competition, financial stability, and rapid technological change, the effective use of financial management methods has become a cornerstone of corporate success. Keywords: analysis; budgeting; capital; companies; management; methods; use; value
• WAYS TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN COMPANIES by Ilxomjonova Fotima Muxiddinovna (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 37, June - 2025 P a g e | 156 www.americanjournal.org WAYS TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN COMPANIES 1 Ilxomjonova Fotima Muxiddinovna PhD in Economic Sciences, Associate professor of Department of “Trade work”, Tashkent State University of Economics, Uzbekistan, email: ilhomjonova_fotima@tfi.uz ORCID: 0009-0008-7109-3343 A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article explores effective ways to improve the efficiency of financial management in companies by focusing on strategic, technological, and operational dimensions. Improving the efficiency of financial management requires a comprehensive approach that integrates modern methodologies such as financial analytics, cash flow optimization, cost control mechanisms, and risk management frameworks. Keywords: capital; companies; control; efficiency; making; management; performance; planning; systems
• METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE FINANCIAL STABILITY OF A COMMERCIAL BANKS by Normetov Bobur Sharifboyevich (2025) - Commercial banks are required to calculate regulatory ratios such as liquidity, capital adequacy, the maximum exposure to large credit risks, the maximum exposure to a group of related borrowers or a single borrower, the maximum amount of bank guarantees, loans issued by the bank to its own shareholders, and the ratio regulating the use of a commercial bank’s capital for acquiring shares in other legal entities. This paper examines the key financial indicators used to assess the financial stability of commercial banks. Keywords: assets; bank; capital; credit; profit; ratio; stability
• THE ROLE OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL IN ACHIEVING COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE (AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF THE OPINIONS OF A SAMPLE OF WORKERS IN THE MAYSAN OIL COMPANY) by Husham Mayea Fazaa Almusaedi (2023) - Second: the components of intellectual capital Intellectual capital consists of a number of non-material components: (Al-Mutairi, 2007, 367) 1-Human assets: which are knowledge, skills, creativity, and experience. The study sought to determine the impact of intellectual capital in achieving competitive advantage (a survey of the opinions of workers in the Maysan Oil Company (a public company), it is known that each company has intellectual capital that contains three basic dimensions (human capital, customer capital, capital Structural) and since the competitive advantage is framed in the company's ability to achieve its goals, this depends on its ability to produce products that meet the requirements of customers, and given the limited studies that dealt with the relationship of correlation and impact on intellectual capital and the achievement of competitive advantage in the company (within the limits of the researcher's knowledge), the researcher sought To contain his current study of these two variables within a comprehensive framework in an attempt to study the relationship of correlation and effect between them In general, the study tries to answer the following questions: 1- Is there a clear perception among the employees of the researched company about the two issues of intellectual capital and competitive advantage? Keywords: advantage; capital; company; intellectual; knowledge; management; organization; study
• THE IMPORTANCE OF INTERNATIONAL STOCK MARKETS IN THE COUNTRY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ECONOMY by Mamayusupova Shakhina Ulugbek kizi; Ashurboev Farrukh Alisher ogli (2023) - Capital with this in mind market can be divided into 2 segments: loan capital market and stock market. When stock markets rise or fall sharply, it can alter how confident people feel about their finances and how much they might have to spend in the future. Keywords: capital; funds; market; shares; stock

• ECONOMICS OF HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS AND POLICIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES by Madina Norbutaeva Raxmatullo qizi (2024) - As a result, health policies and programmes are evolving to tackle these emerging health needs (Martens 2002). (The ecological and economic transitions which often accompany health transitions are not included in this article.) Keywords: countries; diseases; economics; health; mortality
• ANALYSIS OF THE ISLAMIC FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS MARKET by Adkhamjanov Shokhbozbek Bobirjon ugli (2025) - In conclusion, the use of Islamic finance instruments, if carried out taking into account all aspects, can have a significant positive impact on the country's economy, and the introduction of Islamic finance in Uzbekistan is not only an important step towards economic diversification but also strengthening our country's position on the international financial map. Sukuk, Islamic finance, Islamic financial instruments, Islamic financial funds, Islamic bank. Keywords: economics; finance; financial; growth; islamic; sukuk

• DATA MINING AND ITS IMPACT ON INVESTORS’ DECISIONS: A CASE STUDY IN THE IRAQI FINANCIAL MARKET USING THE RBF MODEL by Amna Shehab Ahmed Al-Hassan A (2024) - The basic processing components of neural networks often carry out basic tasks, but the connections among these components—referred to as neurons—as well as the indications of these components influence the network's overall behavior (gunasekaran and ramaswami, 2011). The initial impetus for the concept of neural networks originated from the way brain neurons function, which is analogous to biological electrical networks in terms of processing input from the brain. Keywords: data; journal; market; model; network; stock; values
• IMPROVEMENT OF THE MECHANISM FOR REGULATING EVALUATION ACTIVITIES BASED ON WORLD EXPERIENCE by Khomitov K. Z.; Kholboev I. U. (2025) - Several formulas presented by German appraisers, including the correspondence of the market value to the real value in the process of assessing property (buildings, structures, land, etc.), and the issues of improving the regulation of valuation activities based on the three proposed methods in property valuation activities were considered. Today, market valuation has taken its rightful place in the system of valuation activities. Keywords: activities; market; property; property valuation; services; valuation; valuation activities; valuation services
• CONCEPTUALIZING DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION: THEORETICAL LENSES ON ECONOMIC AND LABOR MARKET CHANGE by Mushtariy Usmonova (2025) - There remains a call for more rigorous theoretical integration within digital transformation research. A significant theme in digital transformation research is its impact on the labor market. Keywords: change; digital; labor; market; research; technologies; technology; transformation
• ACTUAL ANALYSIS OF UZBEKISTAN’S STOCK MARKET: PROBLEM, SOLUTION AND SUGGESTIONS by Butaev Javlon Inatillo o‘g‘li (2023) - stock market, capital market, investor, capitalization, depositor, issuer, share, bond, joint stock company. The concepts of stock market and stock market are common in economic literature and vocabulary. Keywords: companies; market; number; securities; soums; stock; stock market; volume
• ACTUAL ANALYSIS OF UZBEKISTAN’S STOCK MARKET: PROBLEM, SOLUTION AND SUGGESTIONS by Butaev Javlon Inatillo o‘g‘li (2023) - stock market, capital market, investor, capitalization, depositor, issuer, share, bond, joint stock company. The concepts of stock market and stock market are common in economic literature and vocabulary. Keywords: companies; market; number; securities; soums; stock; stock market; volume

• THE INFLUENCE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY USAGE ON THE EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND ITS IMPACT ON INVESTMENT DECISIONS: A SURVEY STUDY by Ali T.M. Kadawi; Khamoussi Halioui (2023) - − Security: Ensuring the security of financial data is crucial for maintaining the trust of stakeholders and protecting sensitive information from unauthorized access. 1.3 IT and AIS IT has revolutionized the way businesses process, store, and analyze financial data. Keywords: accounting; ais; data; dec; effectiveness; efficiency; information; inv; journal; management; systems
• NAVIGATING FINANCIAL SUCCESS: THE IMPORTANCE OF COST ACCOUNTING IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY by Atabayeva Zamira Abdujalilovna (2023) - At the same time, the structure of management and accounting, both in theory and in practice, follows from the needs of the management apparatus in three types of accounting information and represents: 1) production accounting (traditional production cost accounting and costing); 2) planning and control of costs and results; 3) accounting and analytical support for management decisions. In a dynamically developing market, the question arises about the advisability of using alternative approaches to cost accounting. Keywords: accounting; cost; enterprise; equipment; information; management; oil; production
• FORMATION OF FINANCIAL RESULTS AND ITS THEORETICAL-METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS by Shergozieva Mekhrinigor Sherqul qizi (2024) - By delving into the nuances of financial results and the guiding principles of accounting standards, this article aims to illuminate the intricacies of financial statement preparation and the diverse reports they encompass. Ultimately, understanding the intricate language of financial results, as elucidated through the prism of financial statements, empowers organizations to navigate the complex world of finance with greater confidence and achieve sustainable success. Keywords: accounting; report; reporting; results; standards
• A NEW VIEW IN THE ACCOUNTING PROFESSION by Pirakhunova F. N.; Astanakulov N. T. (2024) - The bottom line is that cognitive technologies will improve the ability of accountants to: - conduct a more detailed assessment of financial and other information, - more accurately identify atypical data and anomalies; - identify reporting, transactions or accounting process problems with greater accuracy. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 21, | February, 2024 P a g e | 70 www.americanjournal.org A NEW VIEW IN THE ACCOUNTING PROFESSION Pirakhunova F. N. STARS International University Dean of the Faculty of Global Business Technology and Finance Faridapirohunova@gmail.com Astanakulov N. T. STARS International University 3rd Year Student Majoring in Accounting and Audit A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S Keywords: accountants; accounting; cognitive; profession
• SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF THE RECOGNITION OF LIABILITIES by Jabbarova Charos Aminovna (2024) - Liabilities, long-term and current liabilities, explicit liabilities, indefinite liabilities, estimated liabilities, conditional liabilities. Therefore, recognizing, evaluating, accounting, reflecting in financial statements and clarifying information about estimated liabilities and contingent liabilities in Uzbekistan is one of the urgent issues of today. Keywords: accounting; liabilities; liability; obligations
• CURRENT STATE OF ACCOUNTING OF INCOME AND COSTS IN INSURANCE ORGANIZATIONS by Kuvatova Dinara (2024) - Insurance accounting, income accounting, cost accounting, financial reporting, regulatory compliance, insurance organizations, technological advancements, global financial standards, accounting practices, financial management. Revenue Recognition in Insurance Accounting American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 25 June - 2024 P a g e | 3 www.americanjournal.org Revenue recognition in insurance accounting is a multifaceted process that involves recording premiums, investment income, and reinsurance recoveries. Keywords: accounting; costs; income; insurance; management; organizations; reporting
• PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVING INTERNAL AUDIT AND FINANCIAL CONTROL OVER LABOR AND PAYMENT IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS by Rustamova, Shokhida Tulkunovna (2025) - Introduction Professors and teachers of higher education institutions are the main element of higher education, and the quality of training of specialists and the efficiency of economic processes depend on their qualifications, pedagogical skills, working and living conditions, human and moral qualities, general culture. In higher education institutions, employees are hired on the basis of a contract and they are paid wages in a differentiated manner. Keywords: accounting; audit; budget; control; education; institutions
• ISSUES OF HARMONIZING NATIONAL STANDARDS WITH INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS IN PREPARING FINANCIAL STATEMENTS by G‘аniyеv Zаfаr Usаnоvich (2025) - Based on the results of research on financial statements, we give the following definition of financial statement transformation: Financial reporting transformation is the process of regrouping the items of reporting components prepared on the basis of national accounting standards as of the reporting date in accordance with the rules of international financial reporting standards, converting and reorganizing their items into a new system of information in IFRS reports based on re-recognition, revaluation, adjustments and re- disclosures. “On additional measures for the transition to international financial reporting standards”, which provides for a fundamental revision of the process of introducing IFRS. Keywords: accordance; accounting; company; ifrs; moliyaviy; reporting; standards; statements; transformation
• FINANCIAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ACCOUNTING IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS by Kurbanov Jaloladdin Yuldashbaevich (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 40, September - 2025 P a g e | 6 www.americanjournal.org FINANCIAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ACCOUNTING IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS Kurbanov Jaloladdin Yuldashbaevich Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Innovations Senior Specialist, Accounting and Reporting Department A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This scientific work explores the formation of financial resources in higher education institutions, their efficient utilization, and the theoretical foundations of accounting. Additionally, theoretical perspectives on enhancing the effectiveness of financial management in higher education institutions, implementing digital technologies, and aligning accounting practices with international standards are analyzed. Keywords: accounting; budget; education; funds; institutions; revenues
• DISCLOSURE OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS IN FINANCIAL STATEMENTS by Rozmatova Umida Yuldashevna (2025) - In Uzbekistan, the national accounting standards conceptualize financial statements as follows: “Financial statements are part of the financial reporting framework and are defined by the National Accounting Standards (BHMS). Introduction The International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adopt a specific approach to preparing financial statements, based on the concept of general-purpose financial reporting. Keywords: accounting; assets; financial; information; period; reporting; statements
• THE THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CASH ACCOUNTING by O‘rolova Aziza Umid qizi; Ummatqulova Vazira Umid qizi (2025) - THE THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CASH ACCOUNTING O‘rolova Aziza Umid qizi First-Year Basic Doctoral Student Tashkent State University of Economics Ummatqulova Vazira Umid qizi Tashkent State University of Economics 1st Course of Master Degree A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This expanded and enhanced article provides a deep scientific analysis of the theoretical, methodological, and practical foundations of cash accounting in modern enterprises. Particular emphasis is placed on the impact of ERP systems, AI- driven accounting tools, and cloud technologies on the accuracy, speed, and transparency of cash accounting. Keywords: accounting; analysis; cash; management; systems
• THE POSSIBILITY OF APPLYING THE SIX SIGMA TECHNIQUE IN THE ACCOUNTING UNITS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SAMARRA / AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE OPINIONS OF A SAMPLE OF ACCOUNTANTS AND AUDITORS by Mustafa Mohammed Hussein (2023) - 3.- Black Belt: Described as the front line leader who trained in the application of Six Sigma tools and is responsible for the training of green belts, a full-time role with the ability to communicate effectively at all levels. Six Sigma, Application requirements, University of Samarra. Keywords: accounting; application; management; methodology; quality; requirements; research; sample; sigma; sigma methodology; units; university
• UNIVERSITY EDUCATION AND ITS ROLE IN PROMOTING PROFESSIONAL AND ETHICAL PRACTICES FOR ACCOUNTING WORK, A FIELD STUDY IN ACADEMIC EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE THI QAR GOVERNORATE by Hussein Ali Mohsen (2022) - Accordingly, it is necessary for there to be integration and cooperation between the competent bodies and educational institutions to spread accounting awareness, maximize the desired benefit of the accounting profession, enrich scientific studies and professional developments for accounting science and accounting education curricula, based on their professional and ethical responsibilities as specialized institutions that seek to develop the technical, professional, scientific and ethical aspects of the profession and in terms of It serves the labor market at the local, regional and international levels and works on developing accounting education curricula to contribute to the development of professional and ethical practices for accounting professions in cooperation with the competent authorities. During earn it several skills Vocational recipes help him to Exercise profession Accounting, and these skills are divided into the following: (Mohammed: 2016, 201) 1.Good thinking skill and problem solving ability. 2.communication skill. Keywords: accounting; accounting education; accounting profession; courses; institutions; practices; professional; role; study; table
• THE EFFECT OF INTEGRATION BETWEEN SMART AUDIT AND GRACEFUL ACCOUNTING ON REDUCING THE COST OF PRODUCTS by Mohammed Frayyeh Hassan (2022) - The government and its relevant departments: This category needs accounting information to verify the extent of the establishment’s commitment to laws and legislation and calculate the taxes resulting from it. Modern methods have emerged in accounting information systems that give information capable of creating internal integration between the functions of the various facilities as well as American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 4, Sep., 2022 P a g e | 44 www.americanjournal.org external integration that allows the participation of information with customers and suppliers and the rest of the users in all their categories, accompanied by a reduction in duplication of data, improving productivity, reducing cost, and increasing customer satisfaction Keywords: accounting; audit; costs; facility; information; integration; management; products; resources; tools
• THE PROCEDURES OF THE EXTERNAL AUDITOR IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INTERNATIONAL AUDITING STANDARD (710) IN AUDITING THE COMPARATIVE INFORMATION OF THE GOVERNMENT FINANCIAL STATEMENTS by Hasan Maytham Kareem; Assist. Prof .Raid Hassan Ali; Assist. Prof .Dr. Akeel Dakheel Kareem (2023) - The following are the methods used in disclosing comparative financial information: (El Toby, Kareem, & Abd, 2022) Comprehensive disclosure: This type of disclosure is based on the design and numbers of financial statements so as to accurately portray the economic events during the fiscal year, and therefore all appropriate information must be presented. material resulting from fraud, and his issuance of a clean opinion despite the existence of these distortions mentioned in this framework, (Haron, Chambers, Ramsi, & Ismail, 2004). or his failure to exert due professional care in his implementation of these procedures, and it was possible for the auditor to discover this fraud if he adhered to the performance of the instructions and procedures mentioned, then he is responsible for this fraud, and bears All the legal responsibilities ensuing from that, and from this standpoint, what is the concept of comparative information will be discussed according to the international auditing standard (710) and what are the responsibilities and procedures of the external auditor when auditing the lists and financial statements in government institutions. Keywords: accounting; auditing; auditor; financial; information; journal; statements; year
• FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AUDIT PROGRAM ACCORDING TO THE INTERNATIONAL AUDITING PRACTICE STATEMENT NO. 1000 (SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AUDITING) by Milad Hilal Hamo; Prof. Dr. Khawla H. Hamdan (2023) - Second: Procedures for auditing financial assets: The following procedures must be followed to verify financial assets: Financial assets at amortized cost • The research aims to identify the general framework of financial instruments and audit procedures in accordance with international auditing standards, and prepare an audit program to audit financial assets according to the International Auditing Practice Statement No. 1000. Keywords: accounting; assets; auditing; auditor; credit; instruments; international; losses; management; standards; value

• LEGAL ISSUES OF IMPROVING HEALTH INSURANCE IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN by Boltaev Mansurjon Sotivoldievich (2023) - In addition, for the wide application of medical insurance, the adoption of the law on compulsory medical insurance and the introduction of the organizational, legal and contractual procedure for its implementation are required. The Institute of medical insurance, as such a measure, creates a system of specific relationships for the maintenance of human health and provides the patient with the right to use Guaranteed medical services in medical institutions. Keywords: care; contract; health; health insurance; institution; insurance; person; services; treatment
• EVALUATING THE IMPACTS OF ANTHROPOGENIC ACTIVITIES ON ECOSYSTEM GOODS AND SERVICES: ASSESSING THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY AND ECOLOGICAL INTEGRITY by Inagamova Nargiza Abdurasulovna (2024) - By working together to address the root causes American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 23 April - 2024 P a g e | 141 www.americanjournal.org of ecosystem degradation and promote ecosystem recovery, we can safeguard biodiversity, enhance ecosystem services, and secure a sustainable future for generations to come. This article investigates the multifaceted impacts of anthropogenic activities on ecosystem goods and services, with a particular focus on assessing threats to biodiversity and ecological integrity. Keywords: activities; biodiversity; ecosystem; goods; habitat; impacts; services
• POSSIBILITIES OF USING OUTSOURCING IN THE PROVISION OF TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS SERVICES by Kadyrov T.U. (2023) - This situation also encourages the outsourcing of some components of service provision. Therefore, when using outsourcing for customer transport operators, a comparative description of the extent to which the outsourcer fulfills the order also plays an important role (Table 2). Keywords: logistics; management; outsourcer; outsourcing; services; transport
• IMPORTANCE OF MARKETING IN BUSINESS by Yandasheva Nozanin (2023) - Marketing services operating in enterprises of different sectors differ from each other in the principles and forms of organization. Most of the literature mentions five principles of organizing marketing services and two forms of its management. Keywords: enterprises; marketing; principles; services

• PROBLEMS IN CREATING A RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE ENVIRONMENT IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATION AND WAYS TO OVERCOME THEM by Makhammatkulova Nadirakhan Dilshodjon kizi (2023) - Russian language, native language, teaching Russian as a non-native language, preschool education standards, Uzbek Russian bilingualism, early bilingualism, language environment. Teaching children the American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 14 July, 2023 P a g e | 25 www.americanjournal.org Russian language in mono-national preschool institutions is carried out in the absence of a Russian language environment, while a significant part of children do not speak Russian. Keywords: children; education; language; russian; speech; teaching
• INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM by Ў. Д. Хидиров (2023) - Педагогик технологиялар ва педагогик маҳорат. Introduction “Инновацион таълим технологиялари” ўқув модулининг ўқитилаѐтганлиги педагог кадрларни замонавий инновацион таълим технологияларининг ташкилий, техник ва дидактик имкониятларидан хабардор бўлишлари учун шароит яратиб, касбий фаолиятда улардан самарали фойдаланиш борасидаги малакаларининг мустаҳкамланишини ҳам таъминлайди. Keywords: education; technologies; амалиѐтга; инновацион; педагогик; таълим; ѐндошув
• IMPROVING THE FINANCING MECHANISM OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN UZBEKISTAN by Nasurova Kamolaxon Ravshanovna (2023) - Funding of preschool education organizations within the state and local budgets is carried out in the following directions: expenses of the first and second groups, taking into account the remuneration fund for employees of the preschool educational organization, including allowances and additional payments and social payments; costs of organizing the educational process in preschool educational organizations; the amount of capital expenditures in preschool educational institutions. In state preschool education organizations (thousands of people) 1130,7 1153,3 1311,0 In preschool educational organizations based on PPP (thousands of people) 107,5 118,3 133,0 Keywords: education; financial; financing; organizations; preschool
• ISSUES OF RAISING THE TAX COMPLIANCE CULTURE by Ochilov Adkham Muzaffarovich (2024) - Introduction Currently tax compliance is crucial to the economic well-being of any country. In recent years, there has been a growing demand among politicians and scientists for the need to educate the culture of tax compliance - a social ethic that goes beyond simple legal obligations and encourages citizens to willingly fulfill their tax obligations. Keywords: compliance; culture; education; governments; obligations; tax
• THEORETICAL BASIS OF ORGANIZING STUDENTS' LEARNING ACTIVITIES ON THE BASIS OF PERSONALLY-ORIENTED EDUCATION by Yuldasheva Malokhat Erkinovna; Akramov Mirzaqosim Bakhtiyorjonovna (2024) - Free education is determined by: free demandingness based on trust; to arouse interest in the educational material, encourage knowledge and active creative thinking; to rely on the independence and initiative of learners; to ensure the implementation of requirements through indirect methods through the team. The essence of the new individual approach is that it requires a movement in the education system not from the subject to the learner, but from the learner to the subject, taking into account the existing capabilities of learners, aimed at their development, improvement and enrichment. Keywords: education; individual; person
• FEATURES OF MARKETING ORGANIZATION IN LIGHT INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES by Bazarova Fayyoza Tukhtamurodovna (2025) - This investigation examines light industry marketing practices in order to identify essential development factors for commercial expansion. The combination of SWOT and PEST and Porter’s Five Forces analysis tools enables a better comprehension of light industry market factors which impact marketing initiatives. Keywords: education; factors; industry; light; marketing
• IMPROVING THE FINANCING OF SCHOOL EDUCATION BASED ON INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE by Sharapova Mashkhura Azadovna (2025) - France dedicates between 9 and 10 percent of total government spending to educational purposes, with a substantial portion earmarked specifically for school education In many developed nations, the state plays a central role in administering school education. Keywords: education; expenditures; financing; funding; gdp; school
• FINANCIAL LITERACY BEGINS FROM A YOUNG AGE by Rozmetov Shohjahon ogli (2025) - When children and young people are introduced to financial education early, they are better equipped to make sound financial decisions later in life. Encouraging such initiatives helps create a culture where financial education is viewed as an essential part of overall development. Keywords: education; financial; literacy
• INTEGRATION PROCESS IN PRIMARY EDUCATION by Yulduz Mamarajabova Chorshanbi's daughter (2023) - when imparting science knowledge, it enriches and fills it more meaningfully based on comparing it with other science information. It envisages the use of methodological integration, that is, the use of special methods of scientific knowledge, since the science of Evolutionary teaching is interconnected by the objects of study. Keywords: education; integration; knowledge; process
• TESTING THE CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE VARIABLES OF KNOWLEDGE AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITY IN IRAQ FOR THE PERIOD (2005-2020) by Elaf Muhsin Ali; Rawaa Yahya Khalaf; Zahid. K. Badan (2023) - Log likelihood 2.01 Durbin-Watson stat Source: The table was prepared by the researchers based on the program EVIWS12 American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 11 April, 2023 P a g e | 141 www.americanjournal.org 3-Testing the causal relationship between inflation and unemployment in the Iraqi economy: The significance of the model and the ability of the explanatory variables to influence the dependent variable may be the result of a causal relationship in one or two directions from the independent variable to the dependent or vice versa from the dependent to the independent explanatory variable, and according to the test (Granger) if we have two variables that represent two time series that reflect the development of two phenomena Two different economies during the period of time (t) or more, as in our research, and they are each of the gross domestic product, graduates from secondary education, university education, and graduates from postgraduate studies. The second topic: description of the standard model The description of the model and the statement of the dependent variable and the independent variables by describing the knowledge variables that represent the explanatory independent variables, represented by secondary education graduates in Iraq (SE), graduates from university education (UE), and graduates from postgraduate studies (GS), while the dependent variable is the output The gross domestic product in Iraq, the mathematical model was built as in the following: (Al-Arabi: 2007, 174) 𝑮𝑫𝑷𝒕 = 𝒇(𝑺𝑬𝒕, 𝑼𝑬𝒕 , 𝑮𝑺𝒕) … … … … … … … … . . Keywords: education; graduates; increase; iraq; knowledge; number; period; spending; variables
• FACTORS AFFECTING THE STUDENT’S ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE UNDER DISTANCE LEARNING DURING THE COVID-19 CRISIS (Case Study of Altinbaş University in Turkey) by Abdulaziz Boushi; Samer Sheikh Hamdo (2023) - Moreover, student satisfaction is mediated by the association between student performance and e-learning quality (Keržič, et al., 2021). The independent variables are emotional competence, online learning readiness, satisfaction, information overload, and communication overload, while the dependent variable is student academic performance. Keywords: education; learning; online; pandemic; performance; students; study; variables

• THE IMPACT OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP ORIENTATION IN ENHANCING BUSINESS COMPETITIVENESS by liqaa Mutter Atti; Adnan Saad Tuama Al-Sukaini (2023) - Business competitiveness strategic entrepreneurship E11 American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 15 August, 2023 P a g e | 63 www.americanjournal.org 3-The results of the research proved that the researched company lacks the two dimensions of creativity and risk as basic foundations for the independent variable (Strategic entrepreneurship), and this is reflected negatively on its competitiveness. 4-The results of the research showed the existence of a positive statistically significant influence and correlation between strategic entrepreneurship and the competitiveness of the researched company, as the value of this correlation between the two variables reached (0.68), while the impact relationship of strategic entrepreneurship in competitiveness reached (0.86), and this indicates that an increase in Strategic entrepreneurship in the amount of one unit leads to an increase in the competitiveness of the business according to the relationship of influence and connection. Keywords: business competitiveness; business management; companies; company; dimensions; entrepreneurship; entrepreneurship orientation; management; research; study
• INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING (IPO) - GLOBAL POSITIONING OF SHARES by Ergashev Javakhir son of Bakhodir (2023) - IPO shareholder rings are instructed to submit company shares to the Communist investments that come into the hub, that is, to show the possibility of stock agreement at axoli, to determine whether the resident alibi has operated in accordance with the development management framework, and to meet the taxil development situation at fi. In this annotation, we will study how companies approach the global positioning of shares during the IPO period. Keywords: company; ipo; public; shares
• THE EXTENT TO WHICH THE BLUE OCEAN STRATEGY OF Korek TELECOM COMPANY - BAGHDAD IS ADOPTED TO IMPROVE MARKETING PERFORMANCE-AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF THE OPINIONS OF THE COMPANY'S SAMPLE SURVEYED by Dr. Nawras Sahib Khalil Al-Hussaini (2024) - Blue ocean strategy, marketing performance, Korek Telecom Company. The concept of blue ocean strategy: It is one of the modern terms in the field of business management. Keywords: company; correlation; dimensions; increase; journal; level; management; marketing performance; mean; ocean strategy; study; value; variable
• WAYS TO ENSURE FINANCIAL STABILITY OF INSURANCE COMPANIES IN UZBEKISTAN by Juraev Dilshod Maxmudjonovich (2024) - Insurance, insurance functions, insurance institution, official institutions, insurance premium, insurance market, insurance coverage, risk, risk distribution Introduction In world practice, as a result of the globalization of economic risks and the emergence of various crises, the influence of the national economy on macroeconomic and financial stability requires improvement of the mechanism of the existing financial system of states, in particular, the insurance system and the activities of insurance companies. In international relations, one of the indicators characterizing the level of financial stability of insurance companies is “accumulated insurance premiums, which are assessed by the possibility of accumulating investment funds in large quantities.” Keywords: companies; company; insurance; insurance companies; management; stability
• ETHICS AND PR: RESEARCH ON THE ETHICAL ASPECTS OF USING PR FOR COMMERCIAL AND PUBLIC PURPOSES by Алимова Гузалой Алишер кизи (2024) - To confirm this hypothesis, we will analyze scientific literature and publications on the topic of PR ethics, study examples of the use of PR from the point of view of ethical principles. The book examines the ethical aspects of PR, as well as issues of social responsibility and transparency in the work of PR specialists. Keywords: 02.05.2024; book; company; information; management; public; relations; source
• THE ADVANTAGES OF ORGANIZING THE PRACTICE OF INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING OF SHARES by Boev Bekzodjon Jurakul ugli (2025) - Chinese economists Thomas Chemmanur, Gang Hu, and Jiekun Huang have noted that one of the important aspects of institutional investors' participation in IPO practices is underwriting activities, noting that institutional investors obtain important information about companies that have conducted IPOs through underwriting activities in IPO practices, and also receive a large service fee for their participation For public stock placement practices (IPOs, SPOs) to be successful, they must be properly planned, carefully prepared, and organized in every possible way. Keywords: companies; company; ipo; placement; process; shares; stock
• ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AND SOCIAL IMPACT OF ECOLOGICAL MARKETING STRATEGIES IN THE FIELD OF CLEANING PRODUCTS by Baqoyeva Dilfuza Maqsud qizi (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 36, May - 2025 P a g e | 96 www.americanjournal.org ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AND SOCIAL IMPACT OF ECOLOGICAL MARKETING STRATEGIES IN THE FIELD OF CLEANING PRODUCTS Baqoyeva Dilfuza Maqsud qizi 2nd-Year PhD Student at the International Nordic University E-mail: dilfuz.uz@bk.ru A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This study explores the economic effectiveness and social impact of ecological marketing strategies in the hygiene products sector. Keywords: company; consumer; journal; management; marketing; products; strategies
• RENEWABLE ENERGY INVESTMENTS IN THE GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL COUNTRIES AND THE CHALLENGES THEY FACE by Dr. Mohammed Khairy Tawfiq Hamed Al Sheikh Abdullah (2023) - (Masdar City, UAE) (https://masdar.ae/ar/masdar-clean-energy/projects/dhofar-wind-project Investments in renewable energy projects in the countries of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf Table No. (3) the numb er project name Project Type project state Generated energy/hour annually Project state 1 Yas Circuit Solar energy Emirati 290kilowatts run out 2 Mohammed bin Rashid Solar Park Solar energy Emirati 800megawatts Underway 3 Shams 1 Solar energy Emirati 100megawatts Underway 4 Ghantoot Water Desalination Pilot Solar energy Emirati Production of desalinated water from 1500 to 2500 cubic meters per day Underway 5 Turning waste into energy Solar energy Emirati Despite the success of the countries of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf by not relying on traditional sources of energy generation from oil and gas only and the tendency to invest in renewable energy projects, they still lack the presence of international training centers specialized in training their citizens in the field of renewable energy, which is the reason that delayed the opening and operation of Al-Barakah Nuclear Power Plant from 2017 to 2020, when it sent its employees abroad for operation training, so the researcher proposes introducing the renewable energy engineering major as a scientific path independent from the rest of the engineering disciplines in universities and educational colleges in the countries of the Cooperation Council for the Arab Gulf states, as this study recommends in The establishment of a special body concerned with the security of renewable energy affiliated to the General Secretariat of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf, which includes a group of Gulf scientific competencies specialized in (renewable energy engineering). Keywords: arab; company; cooperation; council; countries; electricity; energy; energy projects; energy security; gulf; investments; management; megawatts; nuclear; oil; power; project; renewable; saudi; solar; underway; water; wind; wind energy
• SUPPLY CHAIN STRATEGIES AND THEIR REFLECTION ON SALES PROMOTION (A field study in Misan Company for the Production of Dairy and Refreshments Ltd.) by Asst. Prof. Dr. Alaa Abdulsalam Mustafa Al-Abbasi; Lecturer. Hind Naeem Hushi; Asst. Lecturer Mohammed Raoof Mahmood (2023) - Description of the independent dimension variables (supply chain strategies) of the researched company Table 3, prepared by the researchers, shows the mean (Mean), standard deviation (Std.D.), and coefficient of variation (C.V.) for supply chain strategy items. This work aims to identify supply chain strategies and their reflection on sales promotion in Misan Dairy and Refreshments Co. Ltd. Keywords: chain; chain strategies; company; customers; journal; management; promotion; research; sales; sales promotion; strategies; supply; supply chain
• AUTHOR'S APPROACH TO THE CONCEPT “FINANCING OF JOINT STOCK COMPANIES THROUGH STOCKS” by Kakhramon Chinkulov (2023) - Joint stock companies are enterprises with a unique organizational and legal form, and in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan, a company can attract financial resources in order to expand, modernize, reconstruct and technical and technological re-equipment of its activities To attract investment, joint-stock companies (corporations) According to economists I. Mirzaev and G. Tursunov, “Joint stock companies tend to find financial resources by issuing stocks, rather than taking loans to expand their activities (in international practice, large companies such as Samsung, LG, Kia Motors want to expand their activities, mainly through the issuance of stocks attract financial resources)» Keywords: companies; company; financing; stock; stock companies

• ANALYSIS OF REQUIREMENTS FOR CHILDREN'S CLOTHES by R. A. Ergasheva; DH Rayimberdiyeva (2022) - Aesthetic requirements include the artistic integrity, perfection and modernity of the design of the model, as well as its affordability. Operational requirement The ability to maintain the product for a long period of time. Keywords: children; clothing; production; requirements
• AN ECONOMIC STUDY OF THE ITEMS OF PRODUCTION AND MARKETING COSTS FOR THE ORANGE CROP IN SALAH AL-DIN GOVERNORATE FOR THE PRODUCTION SEASON (2022) BALAD DISTRICT AS A MODEL)) by Amna Hamid Mayouf; Dr. Firas Ibrahim Arhim (2023) - Economic study, Production costs, Marketing costs, Orange crop, Cost analysis. Marketing Costs: Marketing costs encompass expenses related to marketing services and operations, such as transportation, storage, sorting, grading, assembly, and sales, both wholesale and retail. Keywords: costs; importance; marketing; price; production; total
• THE IMPACT OF ENERGY POLICIES FOR G7 COUNTRIES ON THE FINAL PRICE OF OIL by Faisal Zaidan Sahar; dr. Mustafa. A. Farhan (2023) - This indicates that oil prices are affected by the policy of the International Energy Agency, especially the strategic storage policy, and thus the instability of oil investments, which negatively affected the stability of global oil markets. 2- Limiting the increase in oil consumption, as the carbon taxes imposed on oil derivatives represent a barrier between the global oil price and the oil price paid by the final consumer, and thus the prices of oil derivatives remain high even with the decline in global oil prices . Keywords: agency; countries; energy; energy agency; energy sources; oil; oil markets; oil prices; price; production; sources; storage; strategic
• EVALUATING THE REALITY OF MANUFACTURING STRATEGIES GUIDE / EXPLORATORY STUDY OF THE OPINIONS OF A SAMPLE OF ADMINISTRATIVE LEADERS WORKING IN THE SAMARRA PHARMACEUTICAL FACTORY by Ali Muhammad Huwayd Khater; Ahmed Badran Abdel Hussein (2024) - In light of this, this research gains its importance from the importance of these strategies, which production organizations rely on in trying to enhance competitive advantages, and thus aims The current study aims to evaluate the reality of guided manufacturing strategies in the Kirkuk Cement Factory and present a number of conclusions and recommendations in light of the results it reached. Second: The importance of research The importance of the current research lies in providing the researched organization with a study that evaluates its reality in applying guided manufacturing strategies in its production processes, as well as providing a set of recommendations in light of the results it reaches based on scientific and methodological foundations. Keywords: improvement; journal; maintenance; management; manufacturing; manufacturing strategies; production; quality; research; strategies; table; time; volume; waste
• THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMYDSERVICES IN THE FIELD OF EFFECTIVE USE OF THE RESOURCES OF THE WAY by Ortiqova Madina Akramjanovna (2024) - In a broad sense — in the life of society means ensuring the production of the express, which means it is Economic resources used in this economic activity means, including natural resources, labor and capital is Financial capital resources and money, it also is regarded as the economic resources. Here: R` - norms of the benefits of X – is the cost of economic resources. Keywords: labor; production; resources
• NAMANGAN REGION BUILDING MAHSULOT OF WORK, PRODUCTION AND ITS TRADE by Tulqinjon Yusupjanovich Dadaboev; Azimova Muslima Kamoliddin daughter (2024) - 72,8 272,2 3.7 2017-2022 years Namangan region building materials use production volume of 4,1 times increased bo‘lsa, in the republic of this indicator 3.1 manuals times that established has. [1] the construction of the network for sustainable development of building materials mainly depends on the adjustment of satisfaction in terms of quality and quantity requirements, currently based on the concept of the market of building materials are of critical importance in the development of marketing. Keywords: building; building materials; construction; materials; namangan; production; region; year
• STRATEGIC PLANNING IN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES by Yusupxodjaeva Gulchexra Baxadirxodjaevna; Kholmukhamedova Feruza Areslanbekovna (2024) - Production potential, innovative economy, industrial enterprises, strategic development, use assessment, global financial crisis, production growth, investment resources, competitiveness, economic growth, material resources, labor resources, technological potential, managerial potential. The higher the level of production potential, the more opportunities the enterprise has for stable operation and development. Keywords: enterprise; management; potential; production; resources
• WAYS TO ANALYZE AND INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF THE ECONOMY OF THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR IN UZBEKISTAN by Toraboyeva Kimiyokhon Orazbekovna (2025) - Among them, one of the priority areas is the effective use of existing potential, in- depth analysis of economic efficiency indicators, economic and statistical assessment of factors affecting its development, improvement of criteria, diversification of product production, and forecasting growth trends, as well as improving theoretical and methodological methods for increasing the efficiency of using the potential of the industrial sector. It considers the levels of labor productivity, capital efficiency and fixed assets turnover, as well as the dynamics of material income; - for a 1% increase in production volume, the change in the share of relevant resources is determined and the redistribution of the composition of resources is determined; - quantitative and qualitative indicators of increasing production efficiency are evaluated using the method of resource exchange. Keywords: efficiency; industry; percent; potential; production; products; soums; volume
• ANALYSIS OF FOOD SAFETY ASSESSMENT INDICATORS by Yuldashev Golibjon Turgunovich; Najmiddinov Yakhyo Fazliddin ugli (2025) - [2] From the data presented, it can be seen that in the forecast period (2019-2030), the per capita food production in our republic will increase by 2.9 times, the permanent population by 17.7 percent, the growth dynamics of the total food production volume in 2030 compared to the previous year will be 6.3 percent, the share of food industry production in the structure of industrial production will be 44.6 percent, the share of food production in the structure of consumer goods production will be 0.7 percent, the average number of employees employed in the food industry will be 0.5 percent, the yield of grain products among agricultural crops will increase by 0.9 percent, the production of cereals and legumes by 2.2 times, the production of milk and dairy products by 2.3 times, and the reduction in the volume of technical crops (cotton cultivation) in agricultural arable land by 3.1 percent[3]. In the “Development Strategy of New Uzbekistan for 2022–2026” put forward by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, ensuring food security is identified as one of the priority areas, and the tasks of “Diversifying agriculture, increasing food production, strengthening food security, and increasing export volumes” are clearly defined. Keywords: factors; food; imports; production; products; security; volume
• APPLICATION OF ISA 320: MATERIALITY IN AUDITING PRODUCTION COSTS AT THE SHURTAN GAS CHEMICAL COMPLEX by Ikramova Khilola Rovshan qizi (2025) - The next stage involves establishing the materiality threshold, typically set within 1–2 percent of production costs, taking into account the industry specifics and the level of audit risk. The fourth stage is related to sampling and testing, where materiality levels define the scope and design of procedures used to verify transactions and detect potential misstatements. Keywords: audit; costs; isa; materiality; production
• MEASURES IMPLEMENTED IN THE INDUSTRY OF THE SURKHANDARYA OASIS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDUSTRY (IN THE YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE) by Muzrabov Yorqinjon To’xtamurot o’g’li (2023) - Industrial production accounted for the largest share of industrial production, accounting for 89.4% of total industrial production. In terms of industrial production, between January and December 2020, regional enterprises produced $5 trillion (U.S.) in industrial products, accounting for 113.9% of the physical volume index* of industrial production compared with January-December 2019. Keywords: industry; plumbing; production
• THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF APPLICATION OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY by Ravshanbek A. Yusupov (2023) - Innovative infrastructure enterprises, investors, scientific research institutes, educational institutions, and state government entities that support innovative marketing activities. 4) Innovative process and innovative activity are considered to be synonymous terms, and it is the process of solving the issues of creation of innovation, wide distribution and introduction into the environment. Keywords: activity; economic; factors; innovation; process; production
• OPPORTUNITIES TO INCREASE EFFICIENCY THROUGH THE USE OF INNOVATIONS IN LIVESTOCK IN FARMS by Narinbaeva Gulnora Karimovna; Jalilov Shokhjakhan Kholbazar Ogli; Nurmuhammadov Islambek Oybek Ogli (2023) - Currently, one of the main factors of increasing livestock production is the wide implementation of modern advanced technologies in personal assistants, farmers and farms. The main reason for this is that the government of the republic brought cattle from abroad in order to provide livestock food products. Keywords: breeding; cattle; feed; livestock; production; products; republic
• INCREASE JOBS FOR TRANSPORT COMPANIES IN UZBEKISTAN BY INCREASING THE PURCHASE OF PRODUCTS MANUFACTURED BY PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES by Rashidov Dilovar Najmiddinovich (2023) - Issues such as the condition of the enterprises, the extent to which the available opportunities are being used, the purchasing power of the manufactured products, the created conditions were analyzed in depth, and proposals were prepared for the promotion of transport enterprises by purchasing the products produced in these enterprises. communities of persons with disabilities, disabled people, enterprises, production, jobs, products. The number of such enterprises is 144 across the country. Keywords: disabilities; enterprises; persons; production; products

• DIGITAL CURRENCY AND CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCIES (CBDCS): EXPLORE THE RISE OF DIGITAL CURRENCIES, INCLUDING CRYPTOCURRENCIES LIKE BITCOIN AND STABLE COINS, AND THE POTENTIAL IMPLICATIONS OF CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCIES (CBDCS) ON MONETARY POLICY, F by Jo’rayev Og’abek (2024) - So far, however, most studies have focused mainly on either cryptocurrency in the private sector, like Bitcoin, or central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) in public institutions, while disregarding the connections between the two. At present, with the endorsement of major central banks, the idea of central bank digital currencies, or CBDC, namely, CBDC adopted by the central banks, an advanced phase of the present legal currency, has received emphasis. Keywords: bank; bitcoin; cbdcs; central; currencies; currency
• RATING ASSESSMENT OF THE ACTIVITY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS BRANCHES by Rajabov Behzod Mirshodovich (2024) - Evaluating the activities of bank branches and coordinating their activities is one of the important and urgent tasks of bank management. This leads to the need to create a system for evaluating the activities of bank branches and divisions. Keywords: activities; bank; branches; income; indicators; rating
• IMPROVEMENT OF BANK GUARANTEE OPERATIONS IN COMMERCIAL BANKS by Elboev Bobur Batirovich (2024) - Determines the need to carry out scientific research on the implementation of these tasks, improvement of international settlements based on the standards of the World Trade Organization, wider introduction of bank guarantee products, provision of bank guarantees based on international standards and service to them. For developing countries, integration into international trade, expanding their participation in the global added value chain, making international payments and minimizing risks in trade financing require a wide use of financial tools, including credit, letters of credit, bank guarantees. Keywords: bank; guarantees; jsc; people; trade
• IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF WORKING WITH PROBLEM LOANS IN BANKS by Sultonov Doniyor Ruziboyevich (2025) - Problem debt, problem loan, overdue loan, measures to collect problem debt, signs of a problem loan. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 33, February - 2025 P a g e | 23 www.americanjournal.org IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF WORKING WITH PROBLEM LOANS IN BANKS Sultonov Doniyor Ruziboyevich Head of Collection Service Hamkorbank JSCB Hazorasp Universal Banking Services Office A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article discusses how to improve the efficiency of working with problem loans in banks. Keywords: bank; borrower; debt; loans; problem; work
• THE IMPACT OF BANKING ACTIVITY INDICATORS ON THE RETURN ON DEPOSITS, APPLIED RESEARCH A SAMPLE OF IRAQI COMMERCIAL BANKS by Dr . Lecturer Rebin Tayeb Rashid; Raid Hassan Ali; Assist. Prof .Dr. Waad Hadi Abd (2023) - And then find the statistical correlation and effect of the high rates of bank deposits and bank loans on bank liquidity by using the statistical analysis program (SPSS.26) to reach the most important results that proved the existence of a relationship of effects that occur in the dependent variable the rate of return on deposits as a result of the influence of the independent sub-variables , as there is a positive relationship between the deposit investment index and the return on deposits for the correlation value (0.906**) at a significant level (0.01), while there is an inverse relationship between the resource employment index and the return on deposits for a correlation value (-0.033) at a significant level (0.01), as it shows the rate of return on Deposits The extent to which bank deposits generate profits to enhance the bank's competitiveness. Keywords: bank; deposits; employment index; index; investment index; return; variable

• IMPROVING THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF RECYCLED PRODUCTS by Sadinov Aziz Ziyadullayevich (2023) - There are the following types of innovative research projects: initiative research projects, projects for the development of material and technical base of scientific research, projects for the creation of American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 13 June, A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article discusses the methods of creating necessary products from waste products and the development of innovative projects, as well as the practical application of a new mechanism for improving the automated management system, the effective illumination and involvement of digital technologies in the economic transformation of waste products into new products, and the activities of facilities based on digital technologies in the areas of waste processing processes by a technical technologist efficient organization, waste processing in the regions is to improve the work efficiency of the enterprises, as well as to support the interaction with external information systems and production processes through fully functional technologies development of material and technical base of and software interfaces of the company's resources based on digital technologies in order to separate waste products and prepare them for processing in the regions. Keywords: management; portfolio; profitability; projects; rate; value
• EXCHANGE RATES AND THEIR IMPACT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN IRAQ FOR THE PERIOD 2004 – 2022 by Doctor. Abdullah Muhammad Rashid Al-Ramli; Assistant Lecturer: Marwa Abd Jawir Shamekh Al-Dulaimi; Prof. Dr. Nazhan Muhammad Sahu Hamdan (2024) - One of the most prominent results that the research reached is that exchange rates explain 90% of the changes occurring in the gross domestic product, and the results of the Bound Test showed the co-integration between the variables of the study. Exchange rate, gross domestic product. Keywords: currency; exchange rate; growth; increase; prices; product; rate fluctuations; table; value
• EMPLOYING THE VALUE STREAM MAPPING BY USING THE PROCESS ACTIVITY MAPPING TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF THE MEDICAL SERVICE by Ahmed Hameed Eesa; Saeed Hamad Eslaim (2024) - No Value Adding Time = 23.5 + 96.5 = 120 minutes That is, the percentage of the value adding time out of the total waiting time (approximately 20%), while the time not adding the value constitutes (80%) of the total waiting time, thus: Service Efficiency =Total value addition time 23.5 / = time for transitions + time for delays min Total value adding time=50.5 Total time not adding value =310.5 min Figure (3) Current value stream mapping for the case of (brain thrombus) 1 1 9 10 9 3 150 2 28 2 35 21 28 tickets collector p at h o ge n d o ct o r EC G la b la b m ar sh al m ar sh al d o ct o r re gi st ra ti o n P re lim in ar y ch ec k P la n n in g an d r ec ei vi n g sa m p le w it h d ra w al R ec ei p t o f th e re su lt s o f th e an al yz es re gi st ra ti o n C h ec k an d r ec ei ve t h e re p o rt P la n n in g re vi ew , a n al yz es r es u lt , s ca n r ep o rt , an d t re at m en t d es cr ip ti o n 19 p h ar m ac y R ec ei vi n g tr ea tm en t an d p re se rv in g th e fi rs ts D ep ar tu re 4 29 5 0.5 3 1.5 advisory reviewer American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 21 February, 2024 P a g e | 42 www.americanjournal.org Keywords: management; mapping; minutes; process; service; stream; study; time; total; value; value stream; waiting
• FORECASTING THE EXCHANGE RATE OF THE IRAQI DINAR AGAINST THE US DOLLAR APPLIED RESEARCH IN THE SECONDARY MARKET by Ibrahim Sakran Abdullah; Hasanain Hamed Ahmed; Abbas Fadel Kreah (2022) - The extent to which this policy can be evaluated purely statistically, by calculating the probabilities of exchange rate change, The stability of exchange rates in Iraq is very important, so the research shows the theoretical framework in price stability as well as predicting and reaching real results and providing recommendations that serve the stability of exchange rates, the research seeks To achieve the following Estimate the probabilities of exchange rate change depending on the current period, predicting the probabilities of exchange rate change in The period of stability of the phenomenon, and the time of reaching the state of stability, the research hypothesis begins: 1- Introduction: After 2020, the Central Bank developed a policy to raise the exchange rate, has this policy reached the stability of exchange rates in the long term? Keywords: data; exchange rate; management; model; rates; series; time; trend; value
• THE IMPORTANCE OF TRAINING AND SCIENTIFIC QUALIFICATION OF THE EXTERNAL AUDITOR WHEN AUDITING FAIR VALUE ESTIMATES AND THEIR IMPACT ON INCREASING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROFESSIONAL SKEPTICISM AN ANALYTICAL STUDY FOR IRAQI AUDITING FIRMS by Asst. Prof. Dr. Iman Shakir Mohammed; Mohammed Ali Hussein (2022) - These issues included: lack of technical knowledge (siriwardane et al ,2014:4) , prevalence of inactive markets in developing countries, difficulties associated with differences in the techniques used to ascertain fair values across different industries, general complexities in ascertaining fair values, incorporation of events and conditions into valuations and forward-looking forecasts, The basic means of disappearance from these fear either the study (Oyewo Babajide / 2019) included studies after the implementation of the measurement of fair value - the international standard for the preparation of financial reports number (13) in Nigeria, and it concluded that the most intense determination of the valuable values is not It seems that the size of these challenges in different industry sectors is similar in the characteristics of the auditing firm that affect the perception of the challenges, but there is agreement that the manipulation of the values of assets and liabilities without a market price during estimation, and taking advantage of the lack of information market for assets / Liabilities on the part of managers to manipulate financial statements, and the low level of training and scientific qualification of auditors are the most important challenges facing auditing fair value estimates. Abstract The study aimed to demonstrate the importance of training and scientific qualification and their impact on enhancing the efficiency of the external auditor in auditing fair value estimates and its reflection on the development of professional doubts for the auditor. Keywords: auditing; auditor; axis; importance; management; qualification; skepticism; training; value; value estimates
• THE CONCEPT OF DIGITAL ASSETS AND THEIR LEGAL ASPECTS by Jololiddinova Dilara Zovki kizi (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 41, October - 2025 P a g e | 65 www.americanjournal.org THE CONCEPT OF DIGITAL ASSETS AND THEIR LEGAL ASPECTS Jololiddinova Dilara Zovki kizi, Student of the Faculty of Civil and Business Law at Tashkent State University of Law Email: dilarajololidinova@gmail.com A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article examines the concept of digital assets, focusing on their definitions, classifications, and the evolving role they play in the modern digital economy. It analyzes the key legal aspects of digital assets, including ownership rights, transferability, protection mechanisms, and the challenges arising from their regulation. Keywords: assets; digital; law; property; regulation; rights; value
• THE IMPORTANCE OF KNOWLEDGE IN INCREASING THE PERCEPTIONS OF THE EXTERNAL AUDITOR WHEN AUDITING FAIR VALUE ESTIMATES AND ITS REFLECTION ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROFESSIONAL SKEPTICISM / AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF IRAQI AUDITING FIRMS by Mohammed Ali Hussein; Asst. Prof. Dr. Iman Shakir Mohammed (2023) - 6- Grffith , Emilly E/ Christine J. Nolder/ Richard E. petty the elaboration like LaHood model Ameta – theory for synthesizing auditor judgment and decision-making research American accounting association , AVDITING : Likewise, auditors who have the ability to solve those problems, but do not have a sound knowledge base, their performance will be weak in some tasks, the auditor needs to perform the audit process with quality and efficiency so that he can express the opinion of the impartial technician in the financial statements fairly and honestly Therefore, the focus was on the concept of quality as one of the modern concepts in auditing that receives the attention of scientific bodies and societies that are interested in the field of auditing. Keywords: auditing; auditor; estimates; knowledge; management; skepticism; value; value estimates

• THE IMPACT OF THE AUDIT PROFESSION RISKS IN IMPROVING AUDIT QUALITY (AN APPLIED STUDY IN THE GENERAL COMPANY FOR ELECTRIC POWER PRODUCTION / SOUTHERN REGION) by Amani Emad Jawad Al Radhi; Alaa Fareed Abdulahad (2023) - The third axis: the theoretical framework for audit risks First: Defining audit risks The American Society of Certified Public Accountants (ALCPA) defines the auditing profession as the risk of the auditor expressing an inappropriate opinion or a negative opinion in the financial statements when these statements are materially distorted as audit risk is the risk that the auditor will conclude an unfavorable opinion about the financial statements due to the auditor obtaining incorrect conclusions during the audit process, it is possible to express an inappropriate opinion about those statements. Effective and appropriate planning is important and contributes significantly to reducing audit risks in the auditors' report through its contribution to understanding the unit's scope of work and activity, identifying risk areas, and the extent to which unit continuity is possible. Keywords: audit; audit quality; audit risks; auditing; auditor; control; dinars; financial; internal; journal; management; risks; statements; year
• THE IMPACT OF THE EXTERNAL AUDITOR'S PROCEDURES ACCORDING TO INTERNATIONAL AUDITING STANDARDS (320, 330) IN REDUCING SIGNIFICANT MISREPRESENTATIONS OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS by Ali Lateef Ayyed Alghezi; Sarah Abdulameer Kamil Abugallal; Majid Gazi Hasan; Waad Hadi Abd (2023) - Financial statement errors: Evidence from the Amiram, D., Bozanic, Z., & Rouen, E. Review of accounting studies distributional properties of financial statement numbers., 20 , 1540-1593. Accordingly, the external auditor will evaluate the extent to which information is presented and classified in the financial statements and reports in a fair and honest manner, and distinguish between unintended errors in the financial reports resulting from omissions in collecting or processing financial statements or in an incorrect accounting estimate, (Abd, Kareem, & Kadhim, 2019), and intended distortions in the financial statements resulting from misuse of entrusted funds. Keywords: auditor; financial; management; material; material misstatements; procedures; risks; statements
• THE CONCEPT AND SIGNIFICANCE OF FINANCIAL INVESTIGATION: INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE, ANALYSIS OF NATIONAL LEGISLATION by R.Kh.Rakhimov (2023) - Hence, regarding predicate crimes financial investigations can be conducted in the following ways: - by means of carrying out operational-search activities; - implementation of procedural actions in accordance with the Code of Criminal Procedure; - implementation of financial analysis and other measures by the specially authorized state body for combating the legalization of proceeds from crime, the financing of terrorism and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction; - data collection using information resources; - use of data from open sources of information, information resources of foreign countries and the Internet; - other measures provided for or not prohibited by law. The article is devoted to the analysis of studies by foreign scholars regarding the theory of financial investigation, in particular, the term “financial investigations”. Keywords: crime; financial; financing; investigation; laundering; money; proceeds; terrorism
• THE IMPACT OF THE FUTURE APPLICATION OF INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR IN DEVELOPING THE PERFORMANCE OF GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS APPLYING THE GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTING SYSTEM AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO ACTIVATING THE ROLE BY THE FEDERAL BOARD OF SUPREME AUDIT IN THE REPUBLIC OF IRAQ by Amer Rahima Mahmoud AL-Quraishi; Prof. Dr. Emna Boumediene (2023) - Third - The third main hypothesis: “There is a correlation and impact of the variable of applying the requirements of public sector accounting standards (IPSAS) in government units with the variable of applying international public sector accounting standards in government units on the development and improvement of government performance evaluation”. By presenting and analyzing the study data through studying frequencies, the relative importance index, arithmetic means, standard deviations, and testing the correlation and influence coefficient for the main research hypotheses, as shown below: First - The first main hypothesis: “There is a correlation and impact of the variable of applying the requirements of public sector accounting standards (IPSAS) in government units with the variable of changing the basis of accounting measurement according to international accounting standards for the public sector in government units”. Keywords: accounting standards; accounting system; basis; financial; government accounting; government units; impact; international; ipsas; public; sector accounting; statements; study
• ASSESS THE REALITY OF FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY BETWEEN THE REQUIREMENTS OF FINANCIAL DISCIPLINE AND THE FINANCIAL IMBALANCE IN IRAQ-ANALYTICAL STUDY FOR THE PERIOD 2010–2020 by Asst. Prof. Dr. Ahmed. H. Al-Husayny (2024) - 1-First Topic Financial sustainability: concept, formation, and rules of financial discipline 1.1 Concept of financial sustainability and its emergence: Financial sustainability has diversified through diversified economies and diversified government trends. Financial sustainability has to do with the concepts of public debt and taxation, both of which affect financial sustainability. Keywords: budget; debt; expenditure; financial; general; iraq; oil; sustainability
• THEORETICAL BASIS OF THE FORMATION OF FINANCIAL RESULTS IN THE COTTON-TEXTILE CLUSTER by Abdurashidova Guzal Akrom kizi (2024) - The theoretical basis of the formation of financial results in the cotton- textile cluster is considered. Introduction It is important to ensure the transparency of financial reports in the cotton-textile cluster, to form indicators of financial results based on the requirements of international standards, and to confirm the reliability of information about financial results. Keywords: cotton; expenses; financial; income; profit; result
• FINANCIAL SECURITY AND FINANCIAL RISKS OF THE ENTERPRISE by Narimonov Sayfullakhon Sunnatilla ugli (2025) - Financial risk management is a universal field of knowledge in which specialists from different fields work - economists, including financiers, as well as mathematicians, managers, sociologists and political scientists [4]. Research Methodology Using a system of indicators for analyzing the financial activities of a company, we can obtain a quantitative assessment taking into account risk factors for the enterprise when solving specific problems related to financial security and financial risk management. Keywords: enterprise; financial; management; risk; security
• IMPROVEMENT OF THE ASSESSMENT OF COMPANIES' CREDIT WORTHINESS AS A PRIORITY DIRECTION OF LENDING THEIR FOREIGN TRADE ACTIVITIES by Marifat Ibodullaeva (2025) - We have formulated the following conclusions regarding the assessment of the creditworthiness of clients of commercial banks: *the main indicators of companies' solvency are the following: current liquidity ratio; equity ratio; solvency recovery ratio; financial margin ratio; *the most well-known models of corporate creditworthiness are the Altman and Chesser models, which include the following indicators: the ratio of equity capital to total assets; the ratio of reinvested profit to total assets; the ratio of market value of shares to borrowed capital; the ratio of sales volume to total assets; * One of the main indicators of a company's creditworthiness is the current liquidity ratio. E. Rusakova claims that the main indicators of companies’ solvency are the following: *current liquidity ratio; *coefficient of equity; *solvency recovery ratio [3]. Keywords: assets; creditworthiness; financial; liquidity; ratio; volume

• INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOUR AND EMPLOYEES’ JOB PERFORMANCE IN SELECTED FOOD AND BEVERAGE MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN RIVERS STATE by B. M. Nwibere (2023) - However, despite these contributions to knowledge, something is still lacking: first, there has been no known study that examined the relationship between innovative work behaviour and employee job performance. To fill this gap in the management literature, this study seeks to examine the relationship between innovative work behaviour and employee job performance in major food and beverage companies in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria. Keywords: beverage; companies; correlation; employees; food; idea; idea generation; idea realization; idea sharing; job performance; nigeria; performance; relationship; task performance; work
• AUDIT COMMITTEE CHARACTERISTICS AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF QUOTED INSURANCE COMPANIES IN NIGERIA by Wobo, Henry Orowhuo; Nwigbo, Daima Martins (2024) - One significant internal factor that has garnered attention in recent research is the composition and effectiveness of audit committees within Nigerian insurance companies. Okoye and Okafor (2019) found that greater independence and financial expertise in audit committees were linked to improved financial reporting quality, suggesting a need for stronger regulatory requirements and active committee participation to enhance transparency. Keywords: audit committee; committee characteristics; companies; governance; insurance; insurance companies; journal; management; nigeria; performance; size
• IMPROVING THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL REPORTING AND AUDIT METHODOLOGY by Avazov Ilkhom (2025) - The issue of audit quality control is primarily organized by International Quality Control Standards (XSNS), which defines quality control standards and establishes a guide to the audit organization's quality control system From the above points, we can see that if audit quality control is improved, it not only continuously monitors the effectiveness of the audit quality control system, but also evaluates it. Keywords: audit; companies; control; quality; quality control; reporting; standards; statements
• AREAS OF INCREASING THE CAPACITY OF MANAGERS IN STATE ADMINISTRATION BODIES by Rakhmatov J. A.; Ikramov E. (2023) - Introduction: The content of financial management is a broader concept than its essence. Therefore, financial management is the main component of the general system of joint-stock company management. Keywords: companies; management; resources; stock

• THE IMPACT OF INFLUENCERS ON TOURISM DIGITAL ADVERTISING IN THE REPUBLIC OF KARAKALPAKSTAN by Mirziyo Sodikov Odiljon ogli (2024) - The impact of social media influencers in tourism. Thus, there is no region-specific theory on influencer tourism. Keywords: advertising; influencers; information; karakalpakstan; management; marketing; media; tourism; tourists
• FEATURES OF ORGANIZING AUDIT IN UZBEKISTAN ON THE BASIS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY by Saidova Sevara Abdimumin kizi (2025) - PROBLEMS OF APPLYING MODERN SOFTWARE IN AUDIT PROCESSES The high cost of economically high cost of modern audit software, their installation in audit organizations, the high cost of training auditors in the use of software The use (application) of modern audit software is a lack of auditor-specialists with potential(knowledge, qualifications and skills) Information technology, audit software, audit, audit evidence, auditor opinion, audit summary, audit services, IT audit, financial reporting audit, audit automation, digitization. Keywords: activities; audit; audit organization; audit software; auditing; auditor; information; organization; software
• INFORMATION SOURCES OF ECONOMIC COMPETENCE ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC SUBJECTS AND THEIR CLASSIFICATION by Nargiza Samadova (2025) - Economic potential, information sources, information supply, internal sources, external sources. There is still no consensus method for analyzing and evaluating economic potential. Keywords: analysis; information; management; potential; sources
• ORGANIZING THE AUDIT SYSTEM IN UZBEKISTAN ON THE BASIS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS by Meliev Israel Ismailovich (2025) - Audit activities, information technology, audit software, audit review, audit evidence, auditor opinion, audit report, audit services, IT audit, financial reporting audit, audit automation, digitalization, auditor, audit organization, audit team, expert, international standards of audit, audit methods and practices. Practice shows that it is better to buy audit software from professional firms with extensive experience and reputation in automating audits, licenses and quality certificates of the programs sold. Keywords: audit; audit organization; audit software; auditing; auditor; information; organization; software

• DEVELOPMENT OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGIES: FROM CRYPTOCURRENCIES TO DECENTRALIZED APPLICATIONS by Ulasheva Shakhlo Tagaevna; Abraev Azamat Kamoliddinovich; Khuzhamurotova Mashhura Gairat Kizi (2024) - Prospects for the development of blockchain technologies Interoperability One of the directions of blockchain development is to create solutions to ensure interoperability between different blockchain networks. In this article, we look at how blockchain technologies have developed, what opportunities they provide today and what prospects await them in the future. Keywords: bitcoin; blockchain; management; technologies
• THE AGRO-ECOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY OF UTILIZING CUTTING EDGE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES by Shaxloxon Dexkanova Sagdiyevna (2025) - By integrating modern technologies, such as precision farming, automated irrigation systems, and soil health monitoring, farmers can achieve optimal crop yields while minimizing environmental impacts. Reduces chemical usage, lower pesticide runoff Reduces water and fertilizer waste through data-driven management High initial cost, requires skilled labor Hydroponics Higher yield in limited space, faster growth cycle Uses less land, minimizes soil degradation Requires less water compared to traditional farming methods High setup costs, dependency on electricity Genetic Engineering Can develop pest- resistant, drought- tolerant crops Potential reduction in pesticide and water use Improves resource use efficiency by producing resilient crops Ethical concerns, biodiversity risks Vertical Farming Increases yield in urban settings Reduces transportation costs and CO2 emissions Uses less water and land, suitable for urban areas High energy costs, limited scalability Analysis of Literature: Keywords: farming; technologies; water
• THE NECESSITY OF APPLYING GREEN TECHNOLOGIES IN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES by Ergashev Sanjarbek Sobirjon ugli (2025) - The strategy includes reducing the share of coal in the energy mix, promoting energy efficiency, and investing in renewable energy technologies. This article examines the necessity of implementing green technologies in industrial enterprises, highlighting their role in improving energy efficiency, reducing environmental degradation, and ensuring long-term economic viability. Keywords: energy; enterprises; industrial; technologies

• DIRECTIONS FOR DEVELOPING TOURISM ACTIVITY THROUGH IMPROVING THE TAX SYSTEM by Kamalova Jamila (2024) - Therefore, not only is the tax burden for specific tourism sectors growing, but also its high relative to non-tourism and complementary tourism industries (for example, trade) estimates show that the current taxation system for tourism entities is not optimal. Table 2 Dynamics of forecast values of key economic indicators of the tourism sector for 2024-2030 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 Number of foreign tourists (MTBXTS) (thousand people) 5778.0 6,760.3 7,605.4 8403.9 9093.0 9693.2 10294.2 Export of tourism services (THXEH) (million dollars) Keywords: indicators; region; sector; tax; tourism
• GROWTH OF THE ECONOMY'S AGRICULTURAL SECTOR BASED ON PROMOTING ENTREPRENEURSHIP by Xodjayeva Shaxida Alisherovna (2025) - By encouraging entrepreneurship, governments and private entities can stimulate agricultural productivity, enhance food security, and boost economic growth in rural areas. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 33 February - 2025 P a g e | 77 www.americanjournal.org RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND LITERATURE ANALYSIS The literature on agricultural entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan is still emerging, but several key studies and reports focus on the role of entrepreneurship in driving agricultural growth[3]. Keywords: entrepreneurship; growth; sector
• METHODS OF ASSESSING THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR AND THEIR IMPROVEMENT by Kasimov Azamat Abdukarimovich (2025) - In particular, management efficiency, economic efficiency, financial efficiency, innovation efficiency, investment efficiency, and social efficiency. In particular, according to AT Trofimova, the economic efficiency of industry should be assessed not by a single indicator, but based on the dynamics of a system of economic efficiency indicators. Keywords: efficiency; factors; labor; level; sector; volume
• STAFF EFFICIENCY IN THE SERVICE SECTOR: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF UZBEKISTAN) by Mardonov Bakhodir Bahronovich (2023) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 10 March, 2023 P a g e | 113 www.americanjournal.org LITERATURE REVIEW Traditional methods for determining the effectiveness of service sector employees were studied by A.A. Pale secondly, it is desirable to ensure that the efficiency results of service employees are around 0.7 or 0.8. Keywords: efficiency; employees; labour; resources; sector; service; service sector; volume

• INVESTMENT AND ITS DIRECTION by Amirov T.M. (2023) - That's why backward and transition in the church countries developed from countries investments attraction while doing possibility until less acceptance to do attention looks _ Current in the day developed from countries backward to countries investment input and in the country work release organize to do Demand is high increased is going of this situation two side available in our eyes. Keywords: countries; country; enterprise; investments; work
• PRIORITY DIRECTIONS OF ESTABLISHING THE ACTIVITY OF FREE ECONOMIC ZONES IN UZBEKISTAN by Iskandarova Dilorom Khayrullayevna (2023) - The article examines the priority directions for the establishment of free economic zones in Uzbekistan. In this regard, it is necessary to organizationally and legally regulate the placement of business entities in free economic zones (SEZs) and small industrial zones, as well as giving them privileges and preferences. Keywords: countries; fez; investments; sezs; soums; volume; zones
• THE 21ST CENTURY: SPACE EXPLORATION AND THREATS by Shamsiyev Saidakbar (2025) - The space ambitions of Japan date back to 2008, when it began developing military space capabilities to ensure its security. China has been labeled a “pacing challenge” to the U.S. due to its rapid progress in space technology and its increasingly assertive role in global space competition. Keywords: china; countries; military; russia; satellites; space; states; u.s; united
• CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC GOVERNANCE IN INTERNATIONAL RATINGS AND INDICES by Mamatqulov Bekzod Akmalovich (2025) - Literature Review Theoretical approaches to assessing the effectiveness of public governance at the international level have been widely covered in numerous academic studies. This approach interprets public governance not only as a political system but also as a crucial component of economic competitiveness.3 As for Uzbekistan, the analytical report “Governance and Public Administration Reform in Uzbekistan” prepared by the UNDP examines the reforms being implemented in the country to modernize the governance system, enhance transparency, and strengthen anti-corruption mechanisms. Keywords: competitiveness; corruption; countries; cpi; governance; index; indicators; international; public; quality

• INNOVATIVE METHODS OF FINANCING IN AGRICULTURE: CROWDFUNDING by Alikulov Mekhmonali Salakhiddin ugli (2025) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 32 January - 2025 P a g e | 65 www.americanjournal.org By organizing crowdfunding platforms and ensuring their effective operation, it is possible to develop innovations in the field and create new opportunities. It is important for the government to create a legal framework for supporting and regulating crowdfunding platforms in the field of agriculture. Keywords: agriculture; crowdfunding; farmers; financing; platforms; projects
• THE IMPORTANCE OF GREEN FINANCING SOURCES AND MECHANISMS FOR THE BUILDING MATERIALS INDUSTRY by Allayarov Sukhrob Rustamovich (2025) - The research analysis shows that the effectiveness of green financing mechanisms is directly related to the systematic approach and strategic integration of their application. 1-Table Factors limiting green financing mechanisms in building materials enterprises Type of barrier Description Scientific explanation Low financial transparency Many industrial companies do not have IFRS reports or auditor reports publicly available, which increases risk for investors. Keywords: building; financing; management; materials; mechanisms; sources

• FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF PROPERTY VALUE ASSESSMENT by Jaloliddinova Mokhira (2025) - Assessment activities in Azerbaijan are regulated by the law on assessment activities, which came into force in 1998. Also, the assessment activity is regulated by regulatory documents established by the state, and licensing is carried out only in the field of real estate assessment. Keywords: appraisers; assessment; azerbaijan; estate; republic; states

• DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION TO ACHIEVE INFORMATION QUALITY IN THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS by Madina Norbutaeva Raxmatullo qizi (2024) - These indicators describing the rate of economic growth of the country (real GDP growth and real GDP growth per capita) are quantitative indicators, which, firstly, do not fully take into account the increase in product quality, and therefore, it does not fully describe the real increase in well-being; secondly, the growth of real GDP and GDP per capita does not reflect a significant increase in leisure time and leads to an understatement of the real level of well-being; thirdly, quantification of economic growth, on the other hand, does not take into account its negative impact on the environment and human life. Ensuring economic growth is the main goal of any country's economic policy. Keywords: country; gdp; growth; increase
• ANALYZING NATIONAL DEBT: IMPLICATIONS AND STRATEGIES IN FISCAL POLICY by Egamberdiev Oybek Romanberdievich (2022) - This article examines the implications of public debt on economic growth, discusses effective management strategies, and analyzes the impact of global events on debt dynamics. Insights highlight the importance of fiscal resilience, institutional reforms, and strategic policy responses in navigating the complexities of public debt for sustainable development. Keywords: debt; economic; growth; management; public

• MONEY AGGREGATES IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES by Gafurov Olimjon Golib ugli (2024) - Monetary aggregate Liquidity aggregate In the European context, where monetary policy decisions are shared among multiple countries within the Eurozone, analyzing monetary aggregates becomes even more significant. Keywords: aggregates; central; european; liquidity; monetary; money; policy

• THE ROLE OF THE EXTERNAL AUDITOR IN HARMONIZING THE ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIETY WHEN AUDITING THE IRAQI ECONOMIC ENTITIES A STUDY ACCORDING TO THE INTERNATIONAL AUDITING STANDARD (1010) by Sarah Abdulameer Kamil Abugallal; Hanan Abdulameer Kadhim Al-Musawi; Kareem MuttairHasan (2023) - The environmental and social activities have a fundamental impact on the financial statements, which arouses the interest of the users of the financial statements to demand the administration to approve,(Thomas, Norway,& Johnson, 2006) .measure and disclose them in its financial statements, and therefore activating the role of the external auditor through the audit procedures that it performs in accordance with the International Auditing Standard (1010) provides all the beneficiaries with information about the performance of economic entities in improving and protecting the environment and reducing damage to society and the environment,(Al-Thunaibat, 2009) 4- A hypothesis for the research: The research is based on the assumption that (the external auditor's guidance with the international auditing standard (1010) leads to diagnosing and addressing the damages of economic entities to the environment and society as a result of carrying out their work. Keywords: activities; auditor; economic; entities; entity; environment; society
• TENDENCIES OF THE FORMАTION АND DEVELOPMENT OF THE JАPАNESE CUSTOMS SERVICE by Rаhimov Sаrvаrbek; Nаbijonov Аbdulаziz G’аyrаtjon o’g’li (2023) - Yaponiya bojxona organlari fahighatiga NACCS (Yaponiy a Avtomatlashtirilgan yuk va port konsolidatsiya lashgan system) introduce an electronic a xborot systemandbojxonaga doir barcha procedurealari mazkur system orqali amalga increase Adi. Bojxona to'lovlari va soliqlarni to'ri va dolatli tarzda yig'ish. Keywords: bojxon; customs; economic; index; jehovah; law; publications; service; tower; watch; witnesses

• DESTINATION HOSPITALITY SERVICE DELIVERY CAPABILITY AND MARKETING PERFORMANCE OF TOURIST SITES: EVIDENCE FROM SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA by Joseph Sunday Etuk (2022) - Kotler et al. (2010) report that hospitality service delivery is an indispensable aspect of tourist destination marketing as it provides a comfortable place for visitors to stay as well as what to eat and drink. This view recognizes that hospitality service delivery is a cross-functional activity involving many units of the organizations, market knowledge, technology acquisition and application and contact personnel. Keywords: capability; delivery; destination; hospitality; intention; journal; marketing; performance; respondents; revisit; satisfaction; service; sites; study; tourist; visitors
• ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS AND EMPLOYEES JOB PERFORMANCE OF FAMILY BUSINESSES IN YENAGOA BAYELSA STATE by October Omuere Woyinkeditonmene; Opigo E. Helen (2025) - Support for Informal Sector Growth: Policies promoting access to microfinance or business development services can help family firms invest in employee skills, improving competitiveness and sustainability. Economic challenges and family business performance in Yenagoa. Keywords: businesses; employee; family; journal; leadership; management; performance; skills; yenagoa
• THE IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP STYLES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE FOR YEMENI PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF JOB SATISFACTION by Aziz Abdulla Muthana Hussain; Malek Alharafsheh (2023) - 0000-0001-5952-0156 A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This study aimed to identify the impact of leadership styles on the organizational performance of Yemeni pharmaceutical companies, with job satisfaction as a mediating variable, the study used the Comparative method of previous studies that dealt with the field of research. Accordingly, this study comes to clarify and demonstrate the impact of leadership styles on organizational performance through job satisfaction as a mediating variable in Yemeni pharmaceutical companies. Keywords: employees; job; journal; leadership; management; organization; performance; satisfaction; work
• THE BALANCED SCORECARD AND ITS ROLE IN EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF ECONOMIC ENTITIES (AN APPLIED STUDY IN THE DIRECTORATE OF CIVIL DEFENSE / AL-MUTHANNA) by Amer Mansoor Hasoon; Mr. Qassem Lovan Jahil; Ayad Raheem jalfan (2023) - An integrated set of performance measures that are derived from the strategy of the economic entity, and the strategy is a theory that explains how to achieve the objectives of the economic entity . Translating the tasks and strategy of the economic entity into a set of performance measures that provide a framework for the implementation of this strategy, as the balanced scorecard does not focus on financial goals only, but also highlights the non-financial (operational) goals that the economic entity must achieve and maintain. Keywords: defense; directorate; entity; management; number; performance; perspective; research; scorecard

• DO YOU PREFER STOCKS FOR YOUR PENSION PORTFOLIO? by Rustam Oltinov (2025) - According to these studies, pension assets generally show that the standard investment advice states that the equity share of a portfolio should decrease with age (more precisely, that the equity percent should equal 100 minus one's age) and increase with income (indicating a greater ability to bear risk) The dataset includes variables such as age, education, income, wealth, and stock investments, marital status, race, years in pension. Keywords: pension; people; risk; stock

• DECARBONIZATION OF THE ECONOMY: THE ESSENCE AND MECHANISMS FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION by Abdikarimova Aynura Abay qizi (2024) - The effects of Global climate change are associated with an increase in the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. The International Council of experts on climate change created CO2 emission scenarios. Keywords: climate; decarbonization; emissions; energy; sources

• THE ROLE OF INTERNAL CONTROLS IN PREVENTING FINANCIAL MISMANAGEMENT IN NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS by Dr. Owa. Fredrick CNA; Dr. Onajite Alexandra Akpoveta Ololobou CNA; Onovayen Erus Evelyn (2024) - Financial controls Financial controls are a crucial component of internal controls within nonprofit organizations, ensuring the proper management and utilization of financial resources. This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of the importance of internal controls within nonprofit organizations, focusing on their role in safeguarding financial integrity, ensuring accountability, and mitigating the risk of mismanagement. Keywords: accountability; activities; compliance; controls; internal; management; nonprofit; organizations; processes; resources; risk

• GASTRONOMIC TOURISM AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE REGIONAL TOURISM MARKET by Vafoxodjayeva Dilafruz Rahmatulloevna (2024) - Gastronomy tourism is regarded to be wider than culinary tourism since gastronomy refers to the art or science of good eating (Gillespie, 2001). Food contributes a vital part of a country's culture, and while on holiday, travelers want to try out the local cuisines of the place, so the tourism industry as a whole is going to keep expanding and food tourism will flourish as well, as travelers want greater experiences and to understand the local culture of places. Keywords: culinary; culture; food; gastronomy; journal; study; tourism
• IMPLEMENTATION AND EVALUATION OF HEURISTIC ALGORITHMS FOR REAL-TIME TOURIST ROUTE PLANNING by Go‘zal Absalamova; Shuxrat Kamalov; Diyora Absalamova (2025) - User feedback simulations (based on preference scores) suggest GA routes align 20% better with hypothetical tourist satisfaction than Dijkstra’s, with SA falling in between. As a result, the challenge of efficiently calculating and adapting optimal routes in real time has emerged as a pressing concern. Keywords: adaptability; algorithms; dijkstra; fitness; journal; nodes; optimization; planning; quality; route; time; tourism
• ASSESSING NIGERIA'S CAPACITY TO HOST MEGA EVENTS: A STUDY OF AFRICA CUP OF NATIONS (AFCON), 2023 by AREMU Samuel Olabisi; OSUOHA Ifeanyi Jude (2025) - According to Njoroge et al. (2017), the benefits of hosting sports events extend beyond economic gains, with long-term advantages that contribute to sustainable development. The pursuit of hosting sports tourism events by emerging economies is often based on the belief that such events offer avenues for both short-term and long-term economic benefits, such as tourism revenue, infrastructure development, and job creation (Diedrich & Garcia- Buades, 2009). Keywords: afcon; competition; events; host; journal; management; mega; nigeria; respondents; sports; study; tourism

• USE OF MACHINE LEARNING METHODS IN FORECASTING INDICATORS OF FISCAL AND MONETARY POLICY COORDINATION FOR THE ECONOMY OF UZBEKISTAN by Hakimov Hakimjon (2024) - The second group includes models whose variables are economic activity, such as unemployment and interruptions in production. The fourth group includes models that do not have variables not included in the second group. Keywords: data; forecasting; indicators; learning; machine; methods; model
• OPTIMIZING TRANSACTION MANAGEMENT FOR ENHANCED CUSTOMER LOYALTY IN THE DIGITAL ERA by Dr. Owa. Fredrick CNA; Patricia Ngozi Nwabudike; Mrs Nnabugwu Obiageli Chinwe (2024) - Through a comprehensive literature review, factors influencing customer loyalty such as convenience, personalization, trust, and security are explored, highlighting the critical importance of seamless transaction experiences. Transaction management, Customer loyalty, Digital era, Optimization Introduction Keywords: businesses; customer; customer loyalty; data; digital; journal; loyalty; management; transaction; transaction management; trust
• HARNESSING THE POWER OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS FOR ADVANCED STATISTICAL ANALYSIS by Mukhitdinova Munavvarhon Khayotovna (2023) - The application of ANNs has been wide-ranging, from image recognition to natural language processing, and recently, their utility in statistical research has gained significant attention. The literature on this topic is scattered, with a clear gap in the form of a comprehensive review that brings together the methodological advances and practical applications of ANNs in statistical research. Keywords: anns; applications; data; networks; research

• USING LOCAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PROCESS OF RICE DRYING by Kh. Otakhonov; V. Ibrokhimov; G’. Mamajonov; J. Abduvaliev (2022) - After growing rice, we dry it using various modern technologies for processing. For 15 years, rice yields have increased by 30% for this purpose. Keywords: drying; products; rice; tons; yield
• ENCOURAGING STUDENTS TO BE MORE INTERESTED AND HARDWORKING BY USING NATURAL PRODUCTS IN THE TECHNOLOGY CLASS by Mustayeva Gulnora (2024) - Conclusion: By incorporating natural products into technology classrooms, educators can effectively enhance student interest, encouraging hard work and promoting sustainable practices. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 20, | January, 2024 P a g e | 70 www.americanjournal.org ENCOURAGING STUDENTS TO BE MORE INTERESTED AND HARDWORKING BY USING NATURAL PRODUCTS IN THE TECHNOLOGY CLASS Mustayeva Gulnora Musurmongulovna is a Technology Teacher at the 7th General Secondary School of Boyovut District, Sirdarya Region Tel. Keywords: products; students; technology
• DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITАL EDUCАTIONАL RESOURCES IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES by Samandarov Zuxriddin Raup o’g’li (2024) - Peаrson Connexus is а powerful, аdаptive educаtion mаnаgement system thаt connects teаchers, content, аnd students online to provide personаlized аnd flexible leаrning thаt helps improve educаtionаl outcomes. The second enlаrged group of digitаl educаtionаl resources аnd technologies used in the countries mentioned аbove includes innovаtive dаtа collection methods. Keywords: content; digitаl; dаte; educаtionаl; leаrning; products; resource; students; teаchers; thаt; url; аnd
• AUTOCLAVE FOR MODERN BUILDING MATERIALS WORKING IN THE METHOD by Kurbanov A. T. (2023) - In contrast to the steaming method, the hardening of concrete in autoclaves occurs at a pressure of 0.9-1.3 MPa and in saturated steam conditions of 175-191 °C. Also, lime-slag, lime-ash and other chemically active substances are processed by autoclave technology. Keywords: autoclave; concrete; heat; number; products
• THE USE OF COMPETITOR ANALYSIS AS A FACTOR OF INCREASING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE COMPANY by U. A. Sharipova (2023) - However, the main disadvantage of this approach is that it allows you to get a very limited idea of the advantages and disadvantages in the work of the enterprise, since its competitiveness takes the form of product competitiveness and does not affect other aspects of its activities. Along with theoretical studies of the essence of competition and competitiveness, the problem of practical assessment of competitiveness has long been discussed in the economic literature. Keywords: assessment; competitiveness; enterprise; products

• BUSINESS MANAGEMENT AND THE CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERNATIONAL E-MARKETING AND ITS IMPACT ON THE CONSUMER by Ghufran A. Mohammed (2023) - The behavior of some departments of marketing organizations or groups in them cannot be controlled and restricted through legal legislation only. 4- The need for society to set ethical rules for the work of marketing organizations and to be done voluntarily. Keywords: concept; consumer; discount; individuals; marketing; price
• THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE METHODS IN DEVELOPING DIGITAL MARKETING AT THE OIL MARKETING COMPANY by Researcher: Israa Abdel Hussein Issa; Dr. Hussein Muhammad Saad (2024) - The study aimed to demonstrate the relationship of the use of artificial intelligence in developing digital marketing at the Oil Marketing Company, by applying this study to the employees of the (SOMO) Oil Marketing Company, and on an innovation consisting of 120 people at the (SOMO) Oil Marketing Company in an intentional manner. There is a statistically significant relationship between the diversity in the use of social media in marketing in the development of digital marketing, and the existence of a statistically significant relationship between the diversity in digital advertising in the development of digital marketing, in addition to the existence of a statistically significant relationship between the diversity of after- sales services in The development of digital marketing, and the existence of a statistically significant relationship between the use of e-mail in the development of digital marketing. Keywords: intelligence; marketing; marketing company; oil marketing; study; variable
• ANALYSIS OF MARKETING STRATEGIES FOR THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY by Ismatullaev Temur Ravshan og‘li (2025) - In the process of brand development, it is necessary for companies to promote their brands through social networks, advertising and PR. Advertising campaigns play an important role in brand development and consumer engagement. Keywords: brand; industry; marketing; strategies
• NEW TRENDS IN MARKETING MANAGEMENT: CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK by Arshi Naim (2022) - Marketing management aims at efficient operation of marketing activities. This research article presents the conceptual framework of marketing management. Keywords: consumer; journal; management; marketing; marketing management; naim; planning; product
• MANAGEMENT OF MARKETING IN AGRICULTURE by Sultonova Dilnozakhan Dilshodovna (2023) - uses They should be familiar with the laws of the market, the laws, functions and processes of marketing management, the achievements made in foreign and domestic science in the field of marketing management, know how to make marketing decisions independently, and continuously improve their skills. The process of marketing management consists of the following stages: analyze market and marketing opportunities ; • forecasting and planning activities; • organization and regulation of the marketing process; • control of the marketing process; • evaluation of marketing activity. Keywords: consumer; factors; goods; management; marketing

• THE ROLE OF RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP) SYSTEMS IN RAISING THE LEVEL OF QUALITY PERFORMANCE FOR PROJECT MANAGEMENT by Mohammed Sadeq Mohammedali; Taicir Moalla Loukil (2024) - The problem of the study can be manifested by the following main question: (to what extent is it possible to activate the resource planning systems (ERP) to improve the quality of performance of Project Management) and the following questions branch off from this question : 1-theoretical questions of the study: The theoretical questions of the study have been identified in the light of what the researchers recommended in previous studies, in addition to the results related to the study variables that can be explained by the following: - What are the intellectual foundations of the study variables represented by (resource planning systems, performance quality, project management) in general - What are the criteria used in measuring the study variables across its sub-dimensions by the authors and researchers - What is the nature of the relationship between the main study variables and their sub-dimensions How can it be used in the practical aspect - Does the sample and the study community have a clear vision and understanding of the study variables and their sub-dimensions -2 practical questions of the study: The practical questions of the variables of the study are determined in the light of the understanding of the individuals in the sample of the study community of the studied variables and as indicated by the following: -what extent is the study sample aware of the application of study variables in the study community and what is its level - What is the type of relationship between the main study variables at the level study sample community - What is the level of direct impact of ERP systems with their dimensions on the quality of project management performance for the study community - What is the level of indirect impact of project planning systems with their dimensions on the quality of project management performance Second: the importance of the study The importance of the study lies in the axes and points that the researcher will address, and the concept of resource planning is one of the most prominent foundations for the success of Project Management and one of the most important things nowadays that distinguish the performance of a company or sector in this competitive era from another sector, as large projects undoubtedly need accuracy in American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 20 January, 2024 P a g e | 228 www.americanjournal.org planning and commitment to the implementation time, so the focus in this study is on Planning the project within the concept of (Resource Planning), which has earned it special advantages over the rest of the corresponding studies in the same specialty, which can be determined by : 1-renewed content: this study derives its importance from the novelty of its variables, as this study adopted a new concept (resource planning systems, performance quality, project management) , as the researcher noted that there is no study or scientific effort that combines these variables previously. Which enhances the effectiveness of the performance quality activity, which in turn has a positive impact on the level of project management performance, by clarifying the role of resource planning systems (ERP) in raising the level of performance quality for project management, through an applied field study on projects in the Iraqi governorates of Baghdad and Karbala, where a sample was formed. Keywords: business management; chain management; erp; impact; level; management performance; planning systems; project management; project planning; quality; quality performance; relationship management; resource planning; study
• REFLECTION OF BLACK LEADERSHIP BEHAVIORS ON JOB BURNOUT OF HUMAN RESOURCES-AN APPLIED STUDY TO A SAMPLE OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS IN NAJAF GOVERNORATE by Assist. Prof. Dr. Amer Abed Kareem Al-Thabhawee (2024) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 22 March - 2024 P a g e | 148 www.americanjournal.org research found results confirming the existence of a statistically significant correlation and impact between black leadership behaviors and job exhaustion of the human resource in the researched organizations. The researcher sought to test the relationship between black leadership behaviors and the impact they have on the job environment, specifically on the cases of fatigue that affect employees as a result of these behaviors. Keywords: behaviors; dimensions; hypothesis; job; job burnout; job exhaustion; leadership; leadership behaviors; level; research; results; table
• STRATEGIC THINKING PRACTICES AND THEIR ROLE IN ACHIEVING ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS"AN ANALYTICAL DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON A SAMPLE OF LEADERS AT UNIVERSITY OF THI-QAR by Dr. Asahaq Naser Hussain (2022) - Represented by the senior leaders who are at the rank of dean of the faculty, scientific and administrative assistant, department head, directors of centers and research, and people’s officials in all facilities and faculties of Thi Qar University, because they are interested and specialized in strategic thinking practices and responsible for achieving organizational success at the university, and with the aim of data processing, many statistical methods were used using the statistical program (AmosV&Spss. 23) to come up with a scientific outcome within the framework of this important topic, and the researcher reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which was (the existence of a quest by the senior management in the College of Administration and Economics in applying mechanisms that will achieve organizational success by working according to the adoption Strategic thinking, organizational success, working individuals, University of Thi-Qar, strategic intent. Factorial analysis of strategic thinking paragraphs: strategic thinking consists of six dimensions (strategic intent, holistic thinking, leadership assumptions, time thinking, innovation, and internal communications) and each dimension consists of (5) paragraphs, and figure (2) shows the saturation rates and the level of morale For each of the dimensional paragraphs, the objective is to measure the consistency of the sample answers: American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 3, Aug., 2022 P Keywords: dimensions; journal; level; management; organization; relationship; research; results; success; thinking; university; volume

• FOREIGN EXPERIENCES ON IMPROVEMENT OF QUARANTINE SERVICE IN PROMOTION OF EXPORT OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTS AND POSSIBILITIES OF THEIR USE by Alimov Murodkosim Achilovich (2023) - 3. European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization. 9 countries are members) - Pacific Plant Protection Organization (PPPO was established in 2017. Keywords: organization; phytosanitary; plant; protection; quarantine
• DISTINCTIVE FEATURE OF SPORTS MANAGEMENT AND ITS ROLE OF SPORT AREA by Abbasov Baxadir Asatillayevich (2023) - In connection with this approach, organization is a key concept of sports management. Thus, sports management is a special theory and practice of managing physical education and sports organizations in market conditions, it is one of the sectoral types of management, one of the sectoral spheres of managerial activity in market conditions. Keywords: culture; management; organization; sports

• THEORETICAL, ECONOMIC AND METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF PROPERTY INSURANCE by Tuxtarova Maftuna Yo‘ldoshboy kizi (2024) - In the following scheme, property insurance risks are classified, their insurance contracts also vary according to the probability of occurrence of risks. In this article, the theoretical, economic, and methodological foundations of property insurance, as well as suggestions and practical recommendations for the implementation of property insurance relations and further improvement of insurance relations have been developed. Keywords: damage; insurance; interests; organizations; property; relations; risk
• MODERN METHODS OF ASSESSING THE RISKS OF INSURANCE ORGANIZATIONS by Sattorov Shokhrukh Makhmudjon ugli (2025) - The scientific theory and researches of foreign scientists on the subject of insurance risk assessment were first studied in the coverage of this research work. In particular, Han Haiyun, one of the representatives of a group of Chinese scientists, analyzed the indicators of insurance risk assessment divided into three levels, where the first level includes 3 indicators, the second level includes 9 indicators, and the third level includes 30 indicators Keywords: analysis; assessment; evaluation; insurance; management; method; risk; stress

• THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF PROVIDING THE POPULATION WITH PERMANENT JOBS by Nurali Saidov (2024) - The main reasons for this: - the number of stable enterprises and organizations in rural areas is small; - seasonality and non-permanence of jobs - lack of permanent jobs; - Completion of newly established enterprises and organizations in a short period of time; - failure of active enterprises; - poor orientation of investment projects to rural areas. In this case, the share of the number of permanent jobs is decreasing. Keywords: enterprises; jobs; number; organizations
• PROJECT TEAMS AND THEIR ROLE AND PLACE IN GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS by Karimova Diyora Aybekovna (2025) - This article explores the role and significance of project teams in government organizations, focusing on their contributions to achieving organizational goals, fostering innovation, and improving service delivery. Project teams, government organizations, public sector, innovation, service delivery, team performance, organizational goals. Keywords: government; management; organizations; project; teams
• IMPROVING THE METHODOLOGY OF DETERMINING THE RATING AND RANKING OF REAL ESTATE ORGANIZATIONS by Tashpulatov Giyos Tokhirovich (2023) - In this article, the application of the methodology for determining the rating of real estate organizations in Uzbekistan and the creation of a toroidal model of the interdependence of the activities of rating agencies are discussed and suggestions are made. However, in Uzbekistan, the impact of macroeconomic policy on REM and the role of this market in the national economy has not been analytically evaluated, and the problems of evaluating the rating of real estate organizations operating in it have not been sufficiently resolved. Keywords: estate; gri; organizations; qri; rating

• ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF ATTRACTING INVESTMENTS TO SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES IN UZBEKISTAN by Primov Sirojiddin Furqat ugli (2023) - Also, an econometric study was carried out to sort out the factors and explain them, to build an econometric model that shows the level of interdependence and the level of influence of the factors affecting the volume of investment in special economic zones. In particular, many social, economic, financial, legal, administrative and other changes have a positive or negative effect on the flow of investments into special economic zones and their types were considered in the above chapters and paragraphs of the research. Keywords: benefits; factors; investments; model; volume; zones
• THE EXPERIENCE OF ATTRACTING INVESTMENTS TO UZBEKISTAN: THE U.S. EXPERIENCE AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE by Otajonova Charoskhon Polvonquli qizi (2025) - Sectoral volume of foreign direct investments introduced into the U.S. (billion U.S. dollars) Foreign direct investments are of great importance for the economy of any country. The volume of foreign direct investment attracted to Uzbekistan amounted to USD 10.5 billion in 2023 (data of the Ministry of Investments, Industry and Trade of the Republic of Uzbekistan). Keywords: investments; states; u.s; united; volume
• DEVELOPING INSURANCE INVESTMENTS BASED ON ESG AND GREEN FINANCE STANDARDS IN LOCAL AND GLOBAL MARKETS by Zoyirov Laziz Subkhonovich (2025) - Investments in ESG insurance and green bonds in Europe are expected to reach 1 trillion euros by the end of 2023. Thus, ESG and green finance standards are improving the financial performance of insurance investments and contributing to sustainable development goals. Keywords: esg; finance; green; insurance; investments

• METHODOLOGY OF USING DIFFERENT SOCIAL FORMS IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE CLASSES by Iroda Jakbarova Badriddinʼs daughter (2022) - Bir tomondan, bu ijtimoiy shakl sherik bilan birgalikda tajriba o'tkazishga yordam beradi va boshqa tomondan, u turli mavzularni birgalikda ko'rib chiqish va keyin ularni katta guruhga taqdim etish imkoniyatini taqdim etadi. Markazlashtirilgan o'quv shaklini (yoki ijtimoiy shaklni) amalga oshirish o'quvchilarning qo'liga muhim vakolatlarni beradi, ularni faollashtiradi va shu sababli ham ko'plab intizomiy qiyinchiliklar yuzaga kelmaydi. Keywords: chet; ijtimoiy; ishlash; o'qituvchi; shakl; turli; uchun; work; yakka
• METHODS OF MAKING STUDENTS WORK ON SPECIALIZED TEXTS by Ph.D. Fattakhova D. A. (2023) - In the process of working on specialized texts, students learn the French language and get to know the French nation, its traditions, and the places of interest in France. Which works of French writers are you familiar with? Keywords: emil; language; novel; people; students; texts; work
• THE ROLE OF THE LEADER IN THE SYSTEMATIC ORGANIZATION OF MANAGEMENT RELATIONS by Bobirmirzo Arzimatov (2023) - Good leaders listen to their employees, learn from them, and try to be useful to their team. Leaders often act based on their emotional state. Keywords: leader; leadership; management; style; work
• THE ECONOMIC BENEFIT OF THE EMPLOYEE IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES AND MODERN METHODS OF ITS IMPLEMENTATION by Umarova Gulchehra (2024) - The main forms are employee participation in enterprise management and profit sharing. Thus, many large companies focus on training employees in a wide range of professions within the framework of their profile, which allows for job rotation. Keywords: employees; management; work
• USE OF INTERACTIVE FORMS AND METHODS IN LEARNING by Содиқов Н. О. (2022) - To do this, individual, pair and group work is organized in the lessons, research projects, role- playing games are used, work is underway with various information sources, and creative work is used. In modern society, methodologists and teachers have developed many forms of group work for teaching biophysics. Keywords: forms; group; interactive; methods; students; teacher; teaching; work
• LEADERSHIP AND TEAM MANAGEMENT by Uzakova Bibinaz (2025) - Among the most important findings of the study about what employeeswant from their work are: • Know what is expected of them • Have the resources you need to fulfill your responsibilities • Work on tasks that they feel they are suitable for • Get recognition for your work • Have opportunities to learn and grow • Have someone who encourages their development and discusses their progress • To feel that their opinion matters Since the initial survey, more than 87,000 corporate divisions have been analyzed to determine whether they meet these 12 important criteria. • Reward employees for their work with positive reinforcement and other small benefits. Keywords: leadership; management; team; work
• INNOVATION TECHNOLOGIES AND METHODS IN TEACHING ENGLISH IN TECHNICAL INSTITUTIONS by Ermatova Yulduzxon Alisher qizi (2023) - Although almost all pupils learn differently, teachers are aware of this.[7] Students that use the bingo method go around looking for items. Learning objectives: Conflicts in the readings should inspire students to voice their own viewpoints. Keywords: language; learning; method; role; students; teaching; work
• EFFECTS OF EXPATRIATES' COMMITMENT ON MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS' INTERNATIONAL ASSIGNMENT by Kurbonova Dildora Murotovna (2023) - expatriates, three component conceptualization, employee commitment, organizational commitment, quantitative data. Introduction Several efforts have been made to characterize 'employee commitment.' Keywords: commitment; employee; work; workers

• THE IMPACT OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ON THE QUALITY OF EXTERNAL AUDITING: A STUDY ON IRAQI COMMERCIAL BANKS by Hasan Sahab Mutar; Dorsaf Ben Aissia (2024) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 22, | March - 2024 P a g e | 84 www.americanjournal.org THE IMPACT OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ON THE QUALITY OF EXTERNAL AUDITING: This paper examines the importance of shedding light on the extent to which Iraqi commercial banks adhere to the rules and mechanisms of corporate governance. Keywords: audit; axis; board; directors; governance; importance; paragraphs; research sample

• NEUROLINGUISTIC STUDY OF VERBAL COMMUNICATION by Alpanova Shirin (2022) - Neurolinguistics, neurology, psychology, neuropsychology, speech agnosia, apraxia, dysarthria,alexia, agraphy, psychotherapy, speech activity, cognitology, communication,consciousness, hemispheres, aphasia Introduction The science of neurolinguistics related to the process of speech activity is one of the slowly developing disciplines of applied linguistics in Uzbek linguistics today. In his opinion, before raising the issue of compatibility of brain injuries with speech pathology, it is necessary to address issues such as the structure of speech activity, communication behavior, the underlying psychological processes. Keywords: activity; brain; language; neurolinguistics; speech

• EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF THE ISLAMIC INSURANCE COMPANY IN JORDAN WITH A PROPOSED MODEL FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AN ISLAMIC INSURANCE COMPANY IN IRAQ by Zahra Khaled Rahim; Mother. Dr. Ahmed Sabih Attia (2023) - 1- Research Methodology 1-2- Research problem The insurance sector in developing countries did not want to play a role similar to the performance of the insurance sector in developed countries, and this comes either because of the low levels of insurance culture or because of the decline in individuals contracting with insurance companies for religious reasons related to the Islamic religion, especially in Iraq, and the Iraqi insurance market is devoid of Islamic insurance companies. Sources 1- Melhem, Ahmed Salem, Islamic insurance, a legal study showing the perception of cooperative insurance and its practical practices in Islamic insurance companies, Dar Al-Thaqafa for publication and distribution, first edition, 2012. Keywords: dinars; insurance; insurance company; islamic insurance; profits; table; volume

• METHODOLOGICAL BASIS FOR EVALUATING THE INVESTMENT POTENTIAL OF FOOD INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES by Ismailov Akmal Maksudovich (2024) - Indicators of investment potential of food industry enterprises. A set sequence of quantitative and qualitative assessment of the efficiency of the enterprise's resources is necessary, because the main production funds undergo wear, renewal, replacement and other changes and serve as a basis for the selection of materials for production[2].At the final stage, financial In n o v a ti v e p o te n ti a l Indicators of investment potential of food industry enterprises L a b o r p o te n ti a l F in a n ci a l p o te n ti a l P ro d u ct io n p o te n ti a l M a rk et in g p o te n ti a l P o ss ib le in v es tm en t p o te n ti a l M a n a g em e n t p o te n ti a l American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 25 June - 2024 P a g e | 98 www.americanjournal.org resources are analyzed, because their availability (sufficiency) affects the volume of investments in the development of the production and technical base, improvement of personnel composition and motivation, measures and projects aimed at saving resources. Keywords: coefficient; employees; enterprises; food industry; indicators; industry enterprises; investment potential; potential; workers

• GLOBAL REGULATION OF GREEN BOND ISSUANCE by Rakhmedova Madinakhon Nusrat qizi (2025) - For investors, green bonds provide an opportunity to finance environmentally focused projects with transparent and traceable use of proceeds while advancing their ESG-related objectives. The primary participants in the issuance process of green bonds include the issuer, external consultant, arranger, legal advisor, verifier, the Republican Stock Exchange «Tashkent», the central depository, as well as the rating agency. Keywords: bonds; climate; finance; issuance; management

• INTEGRATION BETWEEN TECHNICIANS AND REENGINEERING DECONSTRUCTED ANALYSIS TO RATIONALIZE COSTS AND SUPPORT COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE by Mohammed Abed Kadhim; Ali Mohammed Thijeel AL-Mamouri (2023) - A systematic administrative method that relies on rebuilding the organization from its roots, restructuring the building, and designing the main and basic processes to achieve fundamental development in the performance of economic entities in a way that ensures speed of performance, reduction of cost, and improvement of product quality. – One of the most important benefits of applying deconstructed analysis in light of adopting re- engineering to rationalize costs is what we summarize as follows: - Reducing the number of changes required in product design. Keywords: analysis; cost; customer; engineering; entities; entity; management; process; product
• EVALUATE THE QUALITY OF SERVICES PROVIDED IN UNIVERSITIES USING THE ACTUAL PERFORMANCE MODEL / SERVPERF /APPLIED RESEARCH AT AL-ESRAA UNIVERSITY by Dr. Ali Farooq AbdAl Razaq (2024) - The research aims to use the SERVPERF model to achieve service quality at Esraa University College, by standing on the theoretical basis for assessing service quality according to the SERVPERF performance model, as well as identifying the level of university service quality, and the importance of research with an active contribution to service quality is to increase the need to develop colleges due to the economic, social and cultural changes that society is witnessing. 3. Use the SERVPREF model to measure and evaluate service quality, which is characterized by realism and ease of use. Keywords: college; customer; customer satisfaction; dimension; gap; research; research sample; sample; satisfaction; service quality; study; university

• THE ROLE OF THE EXTERNAL AUDITOR IN KNOWING THE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD (265) AND ACHIEVING GOVERNANCE IN ECONOMIC UNITS by Kanar Jassim Mohammed; Prof. Dr. Sabiha Barzan Farhoud (2022) - The reports and final financial statements of the economic unit, and undertake the examination process The private sector has the right to work and express an opinion after the completion of the examination process, to be reasonably free of financial statements responsible for errors and material misrepresentation resulting from fraud or fraud and violations of laws and regulations that have a direct impact on the stakeholders in the economic unit. Preparing financial statements and documents. Keywords: auditor; governance; journal; management; statements; unit

• IMPROVING THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM FOR INCREASING THE STRATEGIC POTENTIAL OF COMPETITIVENESS OF SERVICE SECTOR ENTERPRISES by Asenbaeva Aidaigul Edenbaevna (2024) - Introduction In ensuring the competitiveness of service enterprises in the foreign market, an important factor is the technical and technological renewal and modernization of service processes by restructuring the internal competitive environment in accordance with modern requirements that shape the competitive environment in the services market. Competition, competitive potential, reserve, enterprise potential, resource, business. Keywords: competitiveness; enterprise; potential; service

• ASSESSMENT OF THE INCREASE IN ECONOMIC POTENTIAL IN THE CLUSTERS OF THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN BASED ON AN INDUSTRY-SPECIFIC APPROACH by Rustamova Makhfuza Makhmudovna (2024) - To assess the economic potential in textile industry clusters, it is necessary to identify key success indicators. Various models can be used to assess the economic potential of textile industry clusters, including: - competitiveness assessment model: assessment of the competitiveness of the cluster using various indexes and analysis methods. - production efficiency assessment model: analysis of production efficiency in the cluster, taking into account costs, production capacity and product quality. Keywords: clusters; industry; textile; textile industry

• PARTICIPATION OF EASTERN COUNTRIES IN FAIR TRADE (1920s) by Joraboev N. Yu. (2023) - In general, what was the situation in the field of foreign trade at this time? Moreover, this Council did not have independent rights in the field of foreign trade. Keywords: asia; central; eastern; fair; trade
• THE ECONOMIC ESSENCE OF PROFIT AND THE INITIAL THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ITS FORMATION by Khakimov Fakhritdin Abdusattorovich (2024) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 22, | March - 2024 P a g e | 218 www.americanjournal.org THE ECONOMIC ESSENCE OF PROFIT AND THE INITIAL THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ITS FORMATION Khakimov Fakhritdin Abdusattorovich Teacher Assistant of Termez Engineering and Technology Institute A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S The article describes the economic essence of profit and the characteristics of the initial theoretical framework of its formation through the views of the manifestations of antiquity, as well as some economic schools, and the conclusions as a result of which are presented. Keywords: formation; profit; trade; wealth

• THЕORЕTIСАL АND LЕGАL BАSIS OF INITIАTIVЕ BUDGЕTING IN THЕ BUDGЕT SУSTЕM by Muzаffаrov Mukhаmmаdjon Mаkhmud ugli (2025) - Аlso, in ordеr to furthеr еxpаnd initiаtivе budgеt prасtiсеs аnd thе finаnсiаl indеpеndеnсе of nеighborhoods, in 2024, 10 trillion sums will bе dirесtеd from thе stаtе budgеt to finаnсе projесts formеd on thе bаsis of publiс opinion, of whiсh аt lеаst 4 trillion sums will bе dirесtеd for thе progrаms “prospеrous villаgе” аnd “prospеrous nеighborhood”. Thе rеsults of thе rеforms саrriеd out to еnsurе thе pаrtiсipаtion of сitizеns in thе budgеt proсеss, in thе frаmеwork of thе rеforms саrriеd out in our сountrу in rесеnt уеаrs, spесiаl аttеntion is pаid to improving thе mаnаgеmеnt of thеir finаnсiаl rеsourсеs аt thе rеquеst of thе pеriod аnd thе formаtion of аn innovаtivе finаnсiаl mаnаgеmеnt sуstеm bаsеd on initiаtivе budgеting. Keywords: budgеt; budgеting; funds; hаs; initiаtivе; projесts; proсеss; publiс; pаrtiсipаtion; pаrtiсipаtorу; rеpubliс; thаt; thе; uzbеkistаn; wаs; аnd; аrе; сitizеns

• QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION IN ASSESSING THE FINANCIAL POSITION OF BUSINESS ENTITIES by Rakhmatova Shakhnoza Shukurovna (2025) - For non-current assets acquired through installment payments from suppliers or contractors, or for non-current assets produced by another contractor where an advance has been paid, such assets should, from the perspective of accounting data analysis, be removed from current assets and fully accounted for as non-current assets. 4. The composition of these groups, from A1 to A4, is organized according to the speed with which balance sheet assets can be converted into cash, and each group is accompanied by explanatory notes. Keywords: assets; balance; liabilities; liquidity; sheet; solvency; term

• DEVELOPING TRANSPORT CORRIDOR KEY ROUTE FOR CENTRAL ASIA by Sharustamov Ayattillo Odilovich (2024) - Developing transport corridors for Central Asia is expected to serve as an important foundation for the region's economic development, improved living standards, and international integration in the near future. The corridor is designed for a wide range of cargo, which will help diversify trade flows and increase trade volumes between participating countries: Oil and oil products - will be transported from Russia, Azerbaijan, and Turkmenistan to Europe and Asia. Keywords: asia; central; corridor; oil; transport

• INTERESTING METHODS OF ORGANIZING ENGLISH TILL LESSONS by Rokhila Bonu Abdurakhmanova Abdujabborovna (2022) - Playing various games during the lesson increases the enthusiasm for learning science in the classroom, encourages passive students to better participate in the lessons, and creates an environment of competition and teamwork among students in the classroom. Write words on a few square pieces of paper for students to choose from. Keywords: game; students; word
• FUNCTIONS AND METHODS OF ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE PROCESSES OF FORMATION OF FIRST AID SKILLS AMONG NON- MEDICAL STUDENTS by Palvanova Umida Baxramovna (2024) - Relevance of organizing the processes of teaching students first aid in non-medical educational institutions Collection of the International Scientific and Practical Conference on ROLE OF INNOVATIONS IN MEDICINE pp 546-548 9. Models of organization and management of the processes of formation of first aid skills among students of non-medical educational institutions International Scientific and Practical Conference Engineering Aspects of Traditional Medicine pp 153-155 Grozny, Chechen Republic. Nowadays, the tasks of first aid skills formation in non-medical higher education students should be: - mastering the basic principles of first aid-students should master the basic steps necessary to provide first aid in various emergency situations, such as fainting, heat stroke, frostbite, trauma, scalds, burns, bleeding and others; - practical skills- students should have practical skills such as proper CPR, cardiac massage, bandaging, tourniquet and so on; - awareness of emergency medical conditions-students should know the signs of various conditions that require immediate medical attention and how to respond to them; - psychological training- students should be prepared to provide first aid in stressful situations and trained in basic principles of communication with and support for victims in times of distress; - ethical considerations-students should be familiarized with basic ethical principles related to first aid, including respect for confidentiality, respect for personal autonomy, and the like; - regular updating of skills- students should periodically update their knowledge and skills by participating in first aid trainings, seminars or training courses; To improve the level of students' training it is necessary to get away from formalism in the learning process, to get the student out of the desk and put him in a situation close to the real one. Keywords: aid; conditions; learning; situations; skills; students
• INTRODUCE GEOMETRY IN SCHOOLS by Abdurashitov Raxmatullo Abduxamitovich; Xusenov Zikrillo Raxmatillo o'g'li; Adxamov Xasanboy Abdusalom o‘g‘li (2025) - By incorporating these methodologies into geometry teaching, teachers can inspire students to gain a deeper understanding of the beauty and logic of geometry and equip them with important mathematical skills that can be applied outside the classroom. Virtual manipulators, interactive simulations and geometry applications give students the opportunity to explore geometric concepts in a dynamic and interesting way. Keywords: geometry; mathematics; students; teaching
• THE PROBLEM OF PRACTICAL GUIDELINES IN TEACHING MATHEMATICS IN TECHNICAL SCHOOLS by U. Ya. Turayev (2023) - methods of solving problems, a matter of practical orientation, practical issues, teaching vocational subjects in relation, solving problems of practical content. For practical issues, the following requirements should be set: -Mathematical and non-mathematical problems are clearly indicated and interrelated in practical problems; - to clarify the necessary components that the issues should not leave the course program to achieve the goal; - the presented issues are shown through simple, understandable and realistic requirements; - methods of solving problems are carried out based on practical methods and rules; - the practical part of the problems should not be purely mathematical instructions. Keywords: issues; knowledge; mathematics; problems; students

• ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE VOLUME OF IMPORTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN by Ro’ziyeva Dilobar Isomjonovna; Toshniyozov Sardor Nuriddinovich; Usmonov Navruzbek Erkin ugli (2025) - According to the results obtained using the OLS regression method, it was found that GDP has a positive and statistically significant effect on import volume. Various factors influence import volumes, including Gross Domestic Product (GDP), exchange rates, international prices, and government policies. Keywords: exchange; gdp; import; model; rate; volume
• USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS AND MULTIPLE LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS TO STUDY SOME FACTORS RESULTING LEUKEMIA by Hayder Sami Alwan (2023) - Multiple response logistic regression model The multiple-response LRM is considered one of the important statistical models in analyzing classified data, and it is generally used when the response variable belongs to variables of nominal or ordinal type consisting of two levels or two classifications or more. Results showed that the relationship between the explanatory variables and response variables is significant, indicating the importance of the explanatory variables in the model. Keywords: function; journal; layer; model; networks; output; regression; response; test; values; variable

• THE MAIN TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY AND THE TECHNICAL OPERATION OF CARS by Anvar Uralbayev (2023) - technical operation, car, resource, transportation, service, transport repair. In this case, the task of the subsystem of production or commercial operation and management is to use serviceable cars most efficiently, receive income and pay off the system of technical operation of cars in accordance with its actual contribution to the transport process and the profit received. Keywords: car; operation; repair; service; vehicles
• BRAND EXPERIENCE AND CUSTOMER BEHAVIOURAL INTENTIONS IN INTER-STATE BRANDED TRANSPORT COMPANIES by Uboegbulam, Gideon Chukwunwem (Ph.D), Inemesit Richard Akpakpan (2023) - More so, the multiplicity of choice available to passengers is forcing transport requires that transport companies should start thinking out of the box on how to improve passengers experience so as to cash in brand confusion of passengers 1.3 Aims and Objectives The main aim of this study is to inquire how brand experience dimensions e,g passengers safety, vehicle cleanliness, passengers comfort, drivers competence and traveling time factor peculiar to transportation service providers influences passengers behavioral intentions. Passenger’s Comfort and Behavioral Intention: Oluwaseyi and Olaniyi (2018) conducted a study on the assessment of passengers experience and satisfaction of public transport system in Akure-Owo in Nigeria. Keywords: brand; comfort; experience; intention; journal; passengers; service; study; time; transportation; travel; vehicle

• THE ROLE AND PRIORITY TASKS OF INDUSTRIAL ZONES IN THE ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF KASHQADARYA REGION by Xidirov Xurshid Jamshid o‘g‘li (2025) - Additionally, it was instructed to organize the activities of small industrial zones in all districts (cities) following the example of the Qavali small industrial zone. According to Cabinet Resolution No. 134 (March 9, 2020), land plots in small industrial zones should be leased to entrepreneurs. Keywords: entrepreneurs; land; projects; region; zones
• OVERVIEW OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS AND FINANCIAL RISKS by Aseliya Safina (2025) - This allowed us to develop a comprehensive understanding of the theoretical underpinnings and empirical evidence surrounding PPP financial risks. The article examines a range of financial risks, including cost overruns, revenue shortfalls, and debt financing issues, drawing on case studies and empirical data to illustrate the complexities involved. Keywords: partnerships; ppp; ppps; projects; risks
• ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF JUST-IN-TIME LOGISTICS ON EFFECTIVE INVENTORY MANAGEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN THE SOUTH-SOUTH REGION OF NIGERIA by Glory Williams Archibong; Kelechi Enyinna Ugwu; Erasmus Ejike Duru (2025) - Statistical analysis, including regression and ANOVA, revealed a strong negative correlation (R = 0.751, R Square = 0.564) between JIT logistics and inventory levels, rejecting the null hypothesis that JIT does not affect inventory levels (p = 0.000). When adapted to construction, JIT logistics aims to synchronize material deliveries with project schedules, improve workflow continuity, and enhance overall efficiency. Keywords: construction; inventory; jit; logistics; management; nigeria; projects; south

• THE VIRTUAL WORLD AND ITS OBJECTS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PRIVATE LAW REGULATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN by Эгамбердиев Эдуард Хажибаевич (2023) - virtual property , real world, virtual world, property law, private law, computer code. Court cases over the ownership of various virtual assets are no longer uncommon in developed countries, and every day thousands of units of virtual property are transferred to the real world for real money. Keywords: code; internet; law; ownership; property; rights; space; use; world
• HISTORICAL AND SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF CREATING THE THIRD RENAISSANCE IN UZBEKISTAN by Musurmankulov Farkhod Uralovich (2024) - Another of his invaluable contributions to world science and education was his perfect study of lunar and solar eclipses. In his work, Khorezm science reached its apogee. Keywords: culture; great; renaissance; science; world
• IDEALS OF A CREATIVE PERSON (In the Example of the Novels of Isajon Sultan and Paulo Coelho) by Akhmadjonov Khudoberdi; A. Qosimov (2023) - Here, the writer criticizes today's light-hearted works and gives examples of works that have become classic masterpieces of world literature, distinguished by the importance of the theme and the agelessness of the theme. For this reason, Isajon Sultan wants a real creative person to create works not for the public or for fame, but on the contrary, to glorify high feelings, to stimulate the reader's thinking, to think above the fleeting concerns of life. Keywords: lion; literature; works; world; writer

• IMPROVING THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE COACH-ATHLETE DIODE IN SPORTS SCHOOLS by Ermatov Sardor Abdurahmon o’g’li (2024) - By implementing effective strategies, fostering a supportive environment, and prioritizing athlete development, sports schools can cultivate strong coach-athlete relationships that lay the foundation for success, both on and off the field. Sports coach, athlete, motivation, performance, skill. Keywords: athlete; coach; coaches; relationship

• THE GREAT HASAN BASRI WHO SHOOK THE WORLD by Kadamova Munisa Arslonbekovna; Scientific Supervisor: Shahlo Samanova (2024) - His full name, known as Hasan Basri, was Abu Sa'id Hasan ibn Abul Hasan ibn Mutaxhir ibn Ghadira ibn Farhad. For this reason, Hasan is known as Hasan Basri among the people because of this blessed city, which is the center of knowledge. Keywords: basri; hasan; ibn; life; people
• THE MAIN FACTORS THAT FORM SOCIAL ACTIVITY IN YOUNG PEOPLE: EDUCATION, CULTURE AND MEDIA by Dilrabo Abidova (2025) - Social activity of young people develops through the concepts of values, responsibility and justice, expressed in education. Introduction Social activity of young people is seen not only as a virtue of their place in society but also as an important factor influencing the development of society. Keywords: media; people; young

• PRINCIPLES OF SELECTING NOZZLES FOR OIL REFINERY REACTORS by N. U. Toshmatov; Sh. P. Mansurova (2024) - The stand is equipped with measuring and automation instruments for creating and maintaining water flow rates and speeds with the required accuracy. It follows that the Reynolds numbers determined for the reactor zone and the experimental setup will coincide under the following conditions: • identity of the geometry of the nozzles and the flow zone under study; • the working fluid that forms the flow in the experimental setup; • equality of flow rates through nozzles in full-scale and experimental setups. Keywords: flow; journal; mansurova; nozzles; research; use; volume; water

• EFFECTIVE OPEN-MINDED THINKING AND ITS IMPACT ON STRATEGIC DECISION-MAKING: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE OPINIONS OF SENIOR LEADERS AT WASIT UNIVERSITY by Hatem kareem mohammed; Saad mosa Mahmeed Al-Ogaili; Mejbel Isheer Meteab Al-Matrood (2023) - - Characteristics of strategic decision: Strategic decisions are distinguished from other decisions by their comprehensiveness and the long range cover, which is why the strategic decision maker must be familiar with the basic characteristics of strategic decisions: A- The quality of implementation and strategic decision is considered the essence of strategic decisions, as a measure of the success of the decision, as it reflects how decision makers evaluate the comprehensive quality of the relevant issues related to the strategic decision and its effects on organizational performance (Al-Hashimi and Schwarz, 2022). Keywords: beliefs; decisions; knowledge; making; management; open; study; thinking; university

• INNOVATION AND RESILIENCE OF MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF BOTTLING COMPANIES IN BENIN CITY by Patrick Ohunmah Igudia (2023) - In this study, where the study delves into the influence of supply chain management innovation on risk management within the broader spectrum of organizational resilience, comprehending the multifaceted nature of organizational resilience becomes imperative. By grasping the intrinsic relationship between supply chain management innovation, risk management, and organizational resilience, organizations operating within this dynamic milieu can hope to not just endure but thrive in the face of adversity. Keywords: bottling; chain management; innovation; management; manufacturing; nigerian; resilience; risk management; study; supply; supply chain

• COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MULTIVALUED PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS OF THE RUSSIAN AND UZBEK by Baratov Rashid Gulamovich (2022) - Thus, the statistical analysis of the aforementioned phraseological dictionaries shows that the ratio of polysemantic phraseological units to the total number of idioms represents a fairly large number of units that certainly deserve separate study: it is the study of phraseological polysemy that can provide valuable information both for understanding the nature of phraseological meaning and for studying categories of polysemy and semantics in general. phraseological unit, phraseological polysemy, contrastive analysis, interlanguage equivalence. Keywords: hand; language; meanings; phraseological; unit; uzbek
• ORGANIZATION OF CALLIGRAPHY TRAININGS IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS by Urinbayev Isroiljon Kadirjonovich (2022) - Langsyne, arabic calligraphy used in many areas. The Arabic word for «calligraphy» is «calligraphy» and refers to the art of writing (calligraphy), copying books, and the profession of creating books of architectural structures and works of art. Keywords: arabic; art; calligraphers; calligraphy; language; letters; master; tashkent
• OCCASUALISM AS A PHENOMENON OF WORD CREATION IN THE LIGHT OF MEDIA DISCOURSE by Akhmedova Aziza Khusenovna (2024) - AS A PHENOMENON OF WORD CREATION IN THE LIGHT OF MEDIA DISCOURSE Akhmedova Aziza Khusenovna, Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages, Lecturer at the Department of Russian Language and Literature e-mail: aziza_axmedova_95@mail.ru A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S Currently, the focus of scientists is on research into the functioning of the language, which highlights the creative nature of word formation in the Russian language. The individual approach is closely related to the word-formation game and can be described as “the expression of an individual means of word formation, that is, the individual nature of word formation underlies the word-formation game, because the word-formation game is a manifestation of speech creation” Keywords: example; expressiveness; formation; journal; language; media; neologisms; texts; word
• ON THE USE OF PHRASEOLOGY IN WORKS OF ART (Based on the Novel "The Address of Justice" by Odil Yaqubov) by Magdaliyeva Khafiza Mirqadirovna, G'aniyeva Shohista Nuraliyevna (2023) - While giving information about verbs in Turkic languages, he explained such language units as to eat sorrow, to arise, to eat anger as verbs with content. In his monograph, Muratov states that idioms are only one type of fixed phrases. Keywords: language; lungs; phrase; phraseology; word

• THE FARMER-HERDER CONFLICTS AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE NIGERIAN ECONOMY: THE CONTRIBUTION OF TRADITIONAL LEADERS (MAIANGWAS AND ARDOS) by Danladi, Uhwe Shamaki (2025) - Droughts and desertification drive herders southward, creating conflict between farmers growing the same land and herders vying for water and grazing areas. Farmer-Herder, Conflicts, Nigerian Economy, Traditional Leaders. Keywords: conflicts; farmers; food; herders; journal; leaders; management; nigeria; resolution

• THE WONDERS OF THE UNEXPLORED CAVE IN UZBEKISTAN by Shakhnoza Ashurova (2023) - This seems to be a meltdown, not only for those who have never been to a cave in their lives, but also for those of us who have traveled dozens of caves from head to toe. However, in the words of our late poet friend Sattor Karabaev from Zaamin district of Uzbekistan, there are caves in our homeland that hide ancient buildings, and the Peshigor cave in one of the Jizzakh mountains is a clear example of this. Keywords: cave; expedition; hall; monument; soil; time

• THE HEALTH OF WOMEN OF FERTILE AGE by Yuldasheva F. U.; Eshonkhodjaeva M. O.; Khojieva K. L.; Aliyev D. O.; Ashurov S. R. (2024) - The measures taken to provide medical, social and legal protection to women, improve their status in the family and society, protect motherhood and childhood, preserve reproductive health, improve medical care, help ensure the protection of human interests. The health of women of fertile age is a key aspect of their overall well- being and ability to care for future generations. Keywords: age; health; women; юлдашева
• SOCIAL AND HYGIENIC STUDIES OF THE HEALTH OF CHILDREN BORN WITH HIGH BIRTH WEIGHT by Yuldasheva F. U.; Eshonkhodjaeva M. O.; Khojieva K. L.; Aliyev D. O.; Botirov O. Sh. (2024) - Analysis of long-term consequences: Assess the long-term effects of excess birth weight on child health and development, including the risk of obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and other diseases. Development and testing of interventions: Research may focus on developing and testing various interventions to prevent excess birth weight and its negative consequences, such as healthy eating programs for pregnant women or support programs for families with overweight children. Keywords: birth; children; health; overweight; pregnancy; research; weight
• ORGANIZING THE ACTIVITIES OF “MOBILE BRIGADES” OF SPECIALISTS TO PROVIDE MEDICAL CARE TO CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS, INCLUDING RURAL RESIDENTS by Yuldasheva F. U.; Rakhmatillayeva G. A.; Eshonkhodzhayeva M. O.; Abdulazizova D. Sh. (2024) - Tashkent Medical Academy A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article reveals questions about the organization of “mobile teams” of medical specialists to provide medical care to children and adolescents, including residents of rural areas, the article contains information about the purpose, objectives and basic principles of providing medical care to children in remote and hard-to-reach areas by mobile pediatric teams. Therefore, the creation of mobile pediatric medical teams (hereinafter referred to as mobile teams) to work in remote areas is more than necessary and relevant. Keywords: care; children; equipment; health; medical; specialists; teams

• THE IMPACT OF INFLATION AND INTEREST RATES ON EXCHANGE RATES IN IRAQ by Lect. Dr. Jabbar Saadoon Darag (2024) - Factors affecting exchange rates: Exchange rates are affected by several factors, the most prominent of which are: 1. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 23, | April - 2024 P a g e | 36 www.americanjournal.org THE IMPACT OF INFLATION AND INTEREST RATES ON EXCHANGE RATES IN IRAQ Lect. Keywords: currency; exchange; exchange rate; inflation; interest; rates; statistic; test

• THE ROLE OF PAYMENT AND PAYMENT FLOWS IN DETERMINING THE NATURE OF THE PAYMENT CIRCUIT by Sayfiddinov Ilhom Fayziddinovich (2025) - Fayziddinovich Professor of Tashkent State University of Economics E-mail:sayfidinovif@mail.ru A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This scientific article discusses the scientific and practical aspects of the nature of payment circulation, the problems related to it and ways to solve them. Introduction In our opinion, it makes no sense to talk about the problems related to it and ways to solve them without having a clear, scientifically and practically based position on the essence of payment circulation. Keywords: circulation; form; money; nature; payment

• DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF MODERN METHODS OF EXAMINING THE ANTERIOR SEGMENT OF THE EYE IN SECONDARY KERATOECTASIA by Kh. M. Kamilov; M. S. Kasimova; G. Kh. Khamraeva; D. F. Ismailova (2024) - Changes to the cornea can lead to decreased visual function and significant discomfort in patients. Changes in the cornea can lead to a decrease in visual function and significant discomfort in patients. Keywords: cases; cornea; endothelial; eyes; keratoconus; keratoectasia; methods; patients; segment
• CRIMINALISTICS IN THE PERIOD BETWEEN WORLD WARS by Ibodullaev Saidmuhammad Rahmatullaevich (2023) - Of great importance for the formation of the theory of forensic science were the articles by B. M. Shaver On the basic principles of private methods and The subject and method of Soviet forensic science, as well as the article by S. M. Potapov Principles of forensic identification, which laid the foundation for the formation of this most important forensic theory. And also the issue of the independent nature of forensic science was positively resolved, which, however, met with objections from some scientists. Keywords: crimes; criminal; gromov; investigation; methods; science; yakimov

• LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETES BASED ON POROUS AGGREGATES by Abdurahimov Abdukarim Abduhalimzoda (2022) - They include ordinary concrete, in which the pores between the large aggregates of the cement mixture are filled with light or heavy sand, porous lightweight concrete, in which the pores of the cement mixture are filled with foam or other admixtures that generate gas, and lightweight concrete with large pores, American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 5, Oct., 2022 P a g e | 16 www.americanjournal.org without sand, the spaces between the grains are preserved. Physico-mechanical properties of artificial pore fillers and lightweight concrete were also studied by scientists of our country: L.M. Botvina, B.A. Askarov, K.A. Akramov, U.A. Gaziev, N.A. Samigov, E.U. Kosimov, A.A. Tolaganov, S.A. Khodjaev, M.K. Tokhirov, Kh.K. Kamilov, T.T. Keywords: cement; concrete; lightweight; mixture; strength; water
• COTTON FARMING AND COTTON GROWING TECHNOLOGIES IN UZBEKISTAN by Ochilov Jahongir Boymurodovich (2022) - To improve the efficiency of gastrointestinal irrigation technology, it is recommended that you sprinkle the owner and irrigate it, hunting two different works. At the same time, it isrecommended to use irrigation technology using mobile egiluvc han pipes. Keywords: cotton; grain; tract; varieties; water

• ANALYZING THE IMPACT OF EMPLOYEES' ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT AND HAPPINESS IN THE WORKPLACE ON INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOR AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT by Liqaa Mutter Atti; Samir Hasan Abdulhussein (2023) - Citizen behavior and innovative behavior are caused by the emergence of emotions, including organizational support(vidyaningram, 2019).In such a way that organizational support is able to provide the comfort of employees to improve their quality based on the values and goals of the company, which are set for non-discrimination and development opportunities for employees and their work environment(John wojoliana, 2020).When a good perception is embedded in employees, they will have more commitment (Sutanto and setiva, 2018) because, employee commitment arises when there is an alignment between values and goals between individuals and the company (Rita et al., 2018).In view of the above, this study seeks to analyze the impact of employee organizational support and happiness in the workplace on innovative work behavior and organizational citizenship behavior: the mediating role of organizational commitment.2-Conceptual Model and research hypotheses 1- organizational support affects organizational commitment. However, organizations that attempt to accelerate employee innovation as well as organizational behaviors toward specific changes inadvertently push them to create new solutions through innovative thinking and shrewd use of resources. Keywords: behavior; citizenship behavior; commitment; effect; organizational; research; support; work behavior

• MULTIPLE LITIGATION IN CIVIL LAWSUIT by M. M. Ibrahim Khalid Abdullah (2023) - The litigation in a civil lawsuit is defined as a set of procedures that start from the time the lawsuit statement is announced, until the time it expires by adjudicating its subject matter or expires by conciliation or overturning, as the duration of the lapse of civil judgments differs from the lapse of the existing litigation between the two parties to the lawsuit .15 The second requirement / procedures for filing a civil lawsuit The procedures for filing a civil lawsuit before the competent court must include two types of aspects, namely :16 Theoretical aspects of civil lawsuit procedures It is to accurately specify the case data, as it contributes to determining the correct method of pleading, and then all that data related to the subject matter of the dispute must be arranged accurately; In order American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 15 August, 2023 P a g e | 70 www.americanjournal.org to prevent the filing of a second lawsuit, and otherwise a penalty may be imposed on the lack of such data, so the judge is forced to ask the plaintiff to fix that defect, within a certain period, otherwise the court will invalidate the lawsuit petition, as the law stipulates that the lawsuit petition must be united, that is, the lawsuit must It is filed with one petition, and in the event that the lawsuit includes more than one lawsuit, the court has the right to instruct the plaintiff to limit his request to one lawsuit. Practical aspects of civil lawsuit procedures These aspects are summed up in how the lawsuit petition is written practically, which depends on the person who prepares it, whether from lawyers or specialists in law, and includes: how to present the subject of the lawsuit, coherent linguistic formulation, and accurate inference in the legal texts directly related to the subject of the lawsuit. Keywords: case; court; lawsuit; litigation; person; procedures; right

• COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF CONFISCATION AND REQUISITION INSTITUTIONS IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS by Khudaybergenov Baxram Kuanishbaevich (2023) - [Intersectoral legal nature of property confiscation]. – 2018. – [Intersectoral legal nature of property confiscation]. Keywords: code; confiscation; criminal; procedure; property

• SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES (SMES) IN ASIAN NATIONS CAN BENEFIT FROM FINTECH'S EFFICIENT SOLUTIONS by Musabekov Sherali Nazarali o’g’li (2023) - The discussion of the policy implications for regulatory agencies, decision-makers, ASIAN nations, and SMEs is then based on this strong set of findings, and strategies for fostering FinTech solutions to ease digital transactions are suggested. The adoption of FinTech solutions has enabled SMEs to access affordable financing, streamline their operations, and reach new customers. Keywords: asian; businesses; fintech; nations; smes; solutions

• THE TREND OF ANNULMENT OF MARRIAGE ON THE TERRITORY OF UZBEKISTAN by Abdumalikova Guli-Ra`no (2023) - “The effects of parental divorce on children” Çaksen, Hüseyin Psychiatrike = Psychiatriki 2022, 33-(1) 10.22365/jpsych.2021.040 2. “The effects of parental divorce on children” Çaksen, Hüseyin Psychiatrike = Psychiatriki 2022, 33-(1) 10.22365/jpsych.2021.040 2. Keywords: children; court; divorce; marriage; number

• PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF CUSTOMS BENEFITS TO BUSINESS SUBJECTS by Tukhsanov Kudratillo Nozimovich (2024) - It is shown in table 2 that in the framework of the benefits from customs payments in Uzbekistan, import customs duty - 50.7%, VAT - 49.2%, excise tax - 0.022%, and benefits from customs fees - 0.06%. - the second part of Article 201 of the Customs Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan entitled Customs control after the export of goods in order to achieve the purposeful use of benefits from customs fees and to achieve full recovery of additional customs fees calculated as a result of certain errors and deficiencies, as well as to increase the efficiency of customs control after the export of goods It would be appropriate to make an amendment that customs control after the export of goods and additional calculation of customs fees can be carried out within three years (in practice one year) from the time when the goods are under customs control. - We can see that the concessions given to Uzbekistan from customs payments are 1.6 times more than the amount of funds transferred to the state budget in 2020, which has a positive effect on the increase in the volume of imports, and this situation leads to a negative balance in foreign trade. Keywords: benefits; customs; goods

• SCHEMATICHESKIY ANALYSIS TSIFROVYX IZMERITELNYX PRIBOROV by Tairov Baxtiyor Boboqulovich; Karshiyev Zokhidjon (2023) - In the article, the conversion of the measured value entered into digital measuring instruments into a digital code occurs automatically. In digital measuring instruments, the input measured value is automatically converted into a digital code. Keywords: devices; digital; instruments; measurement; measuring; voltage

• ISSUES OF DETERMINING THE VALUE OF OBJECTS OF APPRAISAL WHEN OBTAINING BANK LOANS by Мирджалилова Дилдора Шухратовна; Истамова Тухфанисо (2023) - Most loans, including mortgage loans, are secured by property. At the end of 2022, the balance on mortgage loans amounted to 46.4 trillion soums, an increase of 29.6% (10.6 trillion soums) compared to the corresponding period of 2021. Keywords: appraisal; estate; mortgage; valuation

• THE EVOLVING ROLE OF NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS IN SHAPING SOCIETY by Qodirova Mamlakat Muminovna (2024) - Non-profit organizations (NPOs), Societal organization and transformation, Service provision, Advocacy and social change, Community empowerment, Collaborative initiatives, Strengths and limitations of NPOs Introduction Non-profit organizations (NPOs) have long been recognized as pivotal actors in addressing societal challenges and fostering positive change. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 25 June - 2024 P a g e | 48 www.americanjournal.org The Multifaceted Roles of NPOs in Organizing Society: Non-profit organizations have assumed a wide range of roles in shaping the organization of society, including: 1. Keywords: challenges; community; npos; society

• ASSESSMENT COMPLIANCE WITH ISO37001:2019 ANTI-BRIBERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS-A CASE STUDY IN THE IRAQI INTEGRITY COMMISSION by Hayder jabber jasim; Raoudha Kammoun (2024) - The second topic / theoretical framework of the anti-bribery management system The first axis: bribery First / the concept of anti-bribery management systems, requirements with instructions for use - (AS ISO 37001: 2019) (63%), resulting from: • Partial implementation and partial documentation of control over the processes required to meet anti-bribery requirements. Keywords: authority; bribery; commission; integrity; iso; management system; requirements

• ACTUAL ISSUES OF IMPROVING THE INITIAL STAGE OF THE CRIMINAL PROCESS by Khidoyatov Bakhtiyar Batirovich (2023) - Reflecting the actual situation of such persons both in everyday life and in the practice of law enforcement agencies, they are called victims, while offering to legally regulate their legal status in pre-investigation criminal proceedings [4]. It is clear that both persons have their own interests in the same proceedings and, on this basis, are not only among the interested parties, but also belong to the general system of those whose rights and legitimate interests should be ensured in pre-investigation criminal proceedings. Keywords: check; code; crime; investigation; pre; procedure; proceedings

• STUDYING MINIATURE WORKS AND THE IMPORTANCE OF AESTHETIC EDUCATION IN IT by Jabbarov Azizbek Jabbarovich (2022) - Symmetry is the living things and objects that we perceive, for example: a butterfly, Furniture and plants are not only found in the animal world, but also in visual arts, composition, music, dance, and literature. So, even in the period when Behzod lived, visual art was only noticed by the representatives of certain science and art, and around the royal palaces. Keywords: art; composition; symmetry

• STUDENTS' KNOWLEDGE OF SUBJECTS IN THE CREDIT-MODULE SYSTEM FORMULATING EVALUATION CRITERIA by Zarina Nurlibayeva Muhitdinovna (2022) - Nazorat turlarida ishtirok etadigan auditoriya rahbari va kuzatuvchilari tarkibi har bir nazorat turi o‘tkazilishidan uch ish kuni oldin fakultet dekani tavsiyasiga ko‘ra pedagog va o‘quv-yordamchi xodimlar orasidan yuridik texnikum direktorining buyrug‘i bilan tasdiqlanadi. Kelmagan auditoriya rahbari va (yoki) kuzatuvchini almashtirish majburiyati fakultet dekani zimmasiga yuklatiladi.. Keywords: baholash; bir; bo‘yicha; har; modul; nazorat; oliy; o‘quv; respublikasi; turlari; yakuniy
• IJTIMOIY-SIYOSIY NUTQQA QO‘YILADIGAN KOMMUNIKATIV TALABLAR by Salomat Nurmanova Tursinbayevna (2022) - Aniqlik deyilganda tabiat va jamiyatdagi narsa va hodisalar bilan ularning atamasi orasidagi mutanosiblik tushuniladi. Notiqlik, ya’ni go‘zal va chiroyli so‘zlash san’atining kelib chiqishi bevosita qadimgi Yunoniston bilan bog‘liq. Keywords: aniqligi; bilan; bir; ham; ijtimoiy; notiqlik; nutqning; ozod; o‘z; siyosatchi; siyosiy; to‘g‘ri; uning; ya’ni
• PSIXOLINGVISTIKADA MA’NO VA MAZMUN MUAMMOLARI by Boboyev Yusuf Beknazarovich (2022) - Bunday oila “Tabiiy birlik” kashf etib, ammo Uolles va Atkins sxemasida aks qilinmagan, balki Romni va Andrad ingliz qarindosh atamalarining semantik tuzilmasini ta’riflash uchun to’g’ri yo‘l tanlashgan. Bu savol Romni va Andrad tomonidan “Ingliz qarindoshlik atamalarining kognitativ aspektlari” nomidagi maqolasida batafsil ko‘rib chiqamiz. Keywords: andrad; atamalar; avlod; bilan; bir; bo‘ladi; ega; ham; ikki; komponent; mazkur; ota; qarindoshlik; romni; so‘z; tahlil; til; uchun; yoki

• ANALYSIS AND SOLUTIONS OF THE GENDER FACTOR IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE MODERN UZBEK URBAN ECOSYSTEM by Khaydarova Khilola Khislatovna (2023) - The importance of paying special attention to the problems of managing urban ecosystems and a gender approach in their solution is also emphasized. gender, management, city, urban ecosystem, own territory, foreign territory. Keywords: city; ecosystem; gender; problems; urban; women

• РRАСTIСАL АSРЕСTS ОF STIMULАTING THЕ АСTIVITIЕS ОF BUSINЕSS ЕNTITIЕS IN FОRЕIGN СОUNTRIЕS THRОUGH TАХ MЕСHАNISMS by PhD. Еrgаshеv Otаmurоd Tаshtеmirоviсh (2024) - Thе dеереning оf rеfоrms аimеd аt еnsuring thе libеrаlizаtiоn оf thе есоnоmу in thе Rерubliс оf Uzbеkistаn rеquirеs thе sуstеmаtiс imрrоvеmеnt оf thе budgеt аnd tах sуstеm. In this rеgаrd, еffесtivе соnduсt оf stаtе finаnсiаl роliсу, sоundnеss, stаbilitу оf stаtе budgеt rеvеnuеs, еnsuring аn орtimаl bаlаnсе оf sоurсеs оf thеir fоrmаtiоn аrе оf grеаt imроrtаnсе аt thе сurrеnt stаgе оf rеfоrms in thе budgеt аnd tах sуstеm bеing imрlеmеntеd in thе Rерubliс оf Uzbеkistаn. Keywords: budgеt; businеss; bеnеfits; frоm; fоr; fоrеign; inсеntivеs; stаtе; sуstеm; thаt; thе; tах; tахеs; аnd; аrе; еntitiеs; роliсу; соuntriеs

• IMPROVING EFFICIENCY BY APPLYING INNOVATIONS IN THE LIVESTOCK SECTOR IN UZBEKISTAN by Siddikov Zahid Tulkunovich (2024) - In order to reduce the cost of products and achieve high synergistic efficiency in personal assistants, farmers and farms producing livestock products, it is necessary to implement the following: - complex mechanization, increasing labor productivity; - consistent intensification, increasing livestock productivity; - to improve the use of working capital, to maximally reduce the consumption of feed for the production of one unit of product; - improvement of product quality, organization of production of goods; - centralization of networks, proper organization of specialization and deployment; - consistent application of best practices and scientific achievements; - commercialization of the field, strengthening of cooperative relations between product manufacturers; - to save labor and material funds, reduce research spending, administrative management costs and other unnecessary costs as much as possible. Currently, one of the main factors of increasing livestock production is the wide implementation of modern advanced technologies in personal assistants, farmers and farms. Keywords: animal; breeding; farms; feed; husbandry; livestock
• STRATEGY FOR ACCELERATED DEVELOPMENT OF SERICULTURE IN UZBEKISTAN: FROM OPPORTUNITIES TO RESULTS by Ubbiniyazov Muratbek Azat ugli; Madetova Nilufar Maxkamjan qizi; Madetova Mavluda Maxkamjan qizi (2024) - One of the points is the organization of two breeding silkworm stations in the Republic, which are intended to propagate the best domestic breeds of mulberry silkworms. Also planned for this year is the creation of breeding seed stations within the Sericulture Research Institute in the form of a state institution in the Fergana and Khorezm regions, and the implementation of cocoon production for domestic breeds of mulberry silkworm eggs at the breeding seed stations by the end of 2025. Keywords: breeding; mulberry; sericulture; silkworm

• THE ROLE OF TURQUOISE MINE IN MIDDLE ASIA by Shakhnoza Ashurova (2023) - More than 300,000 m3 of turquoise zones 1-2 m thick, occupied by ancient mines, proved the existence of a source of large-scale ancient developments. In Ilaq region, unique large deposits of turquoise stone were found in Ungurlikon, Okpuproq, Konimansur, La'l stones in Badakhshan mountains. Keywords: gold; mines; mining; ore; tashkent; turquoise; ungurlikon

• MAPPING OF MOUTAIN AND FOOTHILL LANDSCAPES by Siddikov Rasuljon Uktamovich; Ergasheva Marjona Otabek qizi (2025) - Using scientific and technological advancements, as well as modern technologies in landscape mapping, is of great importance. In mapping landscapes, it is necessary to select the object, identify the type of geocomplex to be represented, determine the map scale and intended purpose, and consider the degree to which the landscape has been studied. Keywords: foothill; landscapes; mapping; mountain; soil

• САНОАТ КОРХОНАЛАРИДА СОЛИҚЛАРНИНГ РАҒБАТЛАНТИРИШ ФУНКЦИЯЛАРИ by Бекзод Атамуродов (2022) - Ушбу қарорга асосан 2022 йил 1 апрелдан 2025 йил 1 январгача қуйидагилар учун ижтимоий солиқ ставкасини 1 фоиз миқдорда ундириш жорий этилди: - ишлаб чиқарувчининг ялпи тушумида болалар, аёллар ва спорт пойабзаллари, сунъий (эко) чарм, фурнитура, пойабзал қолиплари ва тагликлари ишлаб чиқаришдан тушган тушумнинг улуши ҳисобот даври якуни бўйича камида 60 фоизни ташкил қилган ишлаб чиқарувчилар; - ялпи тушумининг умумий ҳажмида пойабзаллар, чарм-атторлик маҳсулотлари ва мўйнадан тайёрланган буюмлар экспортидан тушган тушумнинг ҳажми 80 фоизни ташкил қилган ишлаб чиқарувчилар; Хулоса ўрнида шуни айтишимиз мумкинки кичик ва ўрта бизнесни ривожлантириш, саноат корхонларини ривожлантириш ва уларга рақобат муҳитини яратиб беришда солиқларнинг ўрни ва аҳамияти катта ҳисобланади. Ўзбекистон Республикаси Президентининг 2019 йил 16 сентябрдаги “Енгил саноатни янада ривожлантириш ва тайёр маҳсулотлар ишлаб чиқаришни рағбатлантириш чора-тадбирлари тўғрисида”ги ПҚ-4453-сонли қарорига асосан 2020 Keywords: ишлаб; йил; президентининг; республикаси; ривожлантириш; саноат; солиқ; хорижий; ўзбекистон
• METHODS OF DEVELOPMENT OF PRACTICAL SCIENCES OF STUDENTS IN THE PROGRESS OF EDUCATION by Ў. Д. Хидиров (2023) - олиб чиқиш; олий таълим муассасалари профессор-ўқитувчилари, илмий изланувчилари, докторантлари, бакалавриат ва магистратура талабаларининг юқори импакт-факторга эга нуфузли халқаро илмий журналларда мақолалар чоп этиши, мақолаларга иқтибослик кўрсаткичлари ошиши, шунингдек республика илмий журналларини халқаро илмий-техник маълумотлар базасига босқичма-босқич киритилишини таъминлаш; Ўзбекистон олий таълим тизимини Марказий Осиёда халқаро таълим дастурларини амалга оширувчи «хаб»га айлантириш; Амалий машғулот дарсларини икки турга ажратиш мумкин. Ҳар бир машғулот бўйича дарс ишланмалари ва технологик хариталарни ишлаб чиқиш ўқув жараёнини тўлақонли лойиҳалаштириш ҳамда самарали ташкил қилиш имконини беради. Keywords: амалий; билан; бир; иши; ишлаб; машғулот; мустақил; олий; таълим; томонидан; ўқув

• PROBLEMS OF IMPROVING AGROCLUSTER ENTERPRISES AND ITS MANAGEMENT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FRUIT AND VEGETABLE NETWORK IN UZBEKISTAN by Takhirjan Ganievich Yokubov; Egamberdi Mominzhon ugli Sotvoldiev (2023) - Бунинг натижасида қишлоқ хўжалиги маҳсулотлари етиштирувчиларнинг кластер ва кооперативларга бириккан ҳолда хомашёни қайта ишлаш натижасида тайёрланган маҳсулотларни дунё бозорларига етказиб бериш даражаси ошмоқда. 2020 йил 19 февралдаги 102-сонли Боғдорчилик ва иссиқхона хўжаликларини ҳамда мева-сабзавот кластерларини қўшимча молиявий қўллаб -қувватлаш чора-тадбирлари тўғрисидаги қарори, 2021 йил 27 январдаги ПҚ-4964-сон Фермер, деҳқон хўжаликлари ва томорқа ер эгаларини молиявий қўллаб-қувватлаш бўйича қўшимча чора-тадбирлари тўғрисидаги қарорлари, Вазирлар Маҳкамасининг 2021 Keywords: management; андижон; вилоятида; етиштириш; жорий; йил; маҳсулотлари; мева; минг; президентининг; республикаси; ривожлантириш; ташкил; тонна; этиш; ўзбекистон; қишлоқ; ҳамда

• SOME ISSUES OF IMPROVING THE PROSECUTOR’S CONTROL OVER COMPLIANCE WITH THE LEGISLATION REGARDING THE EXECUTION OF COURT DOCUMENTS AND DOCUMENTS OF OTHER AUTHORITIES by Kamol Mardonov (2023) - In this order, it is indicated that special attention should be paid to the following by the prosecutor's office in ensuring the control over the clear and uniform execution of the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan On the Execution of Court Documents and Documents of Other Bodies and other legal documents related to the field: - that court documents and documents of other bodies are executed in accordance with the established procedure and general conditions; - compliance with the law of grounds and measures of mandatory execution; - the reasonableness of focusing the collection on the debtor's property or wages and equivalent payments; - that measures have been taken to secure and realize the debtor's property; - that the property of the debtor has been evaluated and realized in the prescribed manner, transparently and at the market value; - compliance with the terms of execution of executive documents for non-property disputes; - compliance with the strict order of distribution of collected sums of money and satisfaction of the demands of the collector. SOME ISSUES OF IMPROVING THE PROSECUTOR’S CONTROL OVER COMPLIANCE WITH THE LEGISLATION REGARDING THE EXECUTION OF COURT DOCUMENTS AND DOCUMENTS OF OTHER AUTHORITIES Keywords: bodies; court documents; execution; prosecutor

• PRIORITY ISSUES OF CHILD EDUCATION IN THE FAMILY by Sidikova Zarema Rakhmonberdievna (2024) - American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 22, | March - 2024 P a g e | 109 www.americanjournal.org PRIORITY ISSUES OF CHILD EDUCATION IN THE FAMILY Sidikova Family, child, upbringing, education, society, country, skill, skill, neighborhood, environment. Keywords: child; family; son

• OZONE LAYER OR OZONE SHIELD by Yuldasheva F. U.; Rakhmatillayeva G. A.; Zhuraqulov M. Z. (2024) - Ozone layer; hydrochlorofluorocarbon; chlorofluorocarbon; ozone shield; Chapman cycle; stratosphere; ultra- violet rays; ultraviolet radiation; non-melanoma skin cancer. Since the 1970s, ozone layer depletion has attracted the attention of scientists, environmentalists, and the global community at large. Keywords: destruction; earth; layer; ozone; radiation; rays; ultraviolet

• HISTORY AND REPAIR PROCESSES OF THE MOGAKI ATTORI MOSQUE, OR ATTORI MOSQUE HISTORY AND REPAIR PROCESSES by Tursunbayeva Shahlo Bahram's daughter (2024) - Early mosques were established in Moverannahr (as the Arabs called Central Asian Mesopotamia) by the Arabs even in the process of conquering some of its territories and only in the main cities with the aim of converting the population to a new faith; they were often erected on the site of pre-Islamic religious buildings. Introduction Religious buildings in pre-Islamic Bukhara are closely linked to the avesta religion, a local manifestation of Zoroastrianism. Keywords: architectural; attori; bukhara; century; mosque; portal; repair

• LIQUID GASES TRANSMISSION MEDIUM TOZALOVCHI INERTIAL HYDRODYNAMIC SCRUBBER by Ergashev Nasimbek Akhmadjonovich; Isomidinov Azizjon Salomidinovich; Siddikov Rasuljon Uktamovich; Ummatov Rustambek Bektoshevich; Madaliyev Akhrorbek Niizonidin ogli (2022) - There are dry and wet methods of cleaning secondary gases in the industry, and these types of devices have low hydraulic resistance and high efficiency. Therefore, the trend of using the wet method in the cleaning of industrial dust and secondary gases is increasing in the world today. Keywords: cleaning; equation; gas; gases; liquid; pipe; resistance

• LOGARITHMIC FUNCTIONS, EQUATIONS AND INEQUALITIES by Abdullayev Nurbek Shuhrat o'g'li; Ro'ziqulov Sa'dulla Egamnazar o'g'li (2025) - Thus we have a function y = logax (a > 0, a ≠ 1) that is continuous and monotonic in its field of detection. Its graph is generated by a symmetric substitution of the function graph y = ax with respect to the straight line y = X. Since the logarithmic function is an inverse function to the exponential function, its properties can be generated using the exponential function properties. Keywords: log

• THE ROLE OF THE UNITED NATIONS IN PEACEKEEPING AND THE IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENTS AND ECONOMIC SANCTIONS ON THE ISRAEL-PALESTINE AND RUSSIA-UKRAINE CONFLICTS by Tolibjonov Lazizjon Jafarovich (2025) - Jafarovich 1st Year Student of University of World Economy and Diplomacy Faculty of International Economy and Management tolibjonovlazizjon8@gmail.com A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article analyzes the role of the United Nations in peacekeeping, as well as the impact of international investments and economic sanctions on the Israel-Palestine and Russia-Ukraine conflicts. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the UN’s peacekeeping efforts, the shifts in international investment in the context of conflict, and the impact of economic sanctions on the Israel-Palestine and Russia-Ukraine conflicts. Keywords: conflict; palestine; russia; sanctions

• THE ROLE OF SPATIAL IMAGINATION IN THE ENGINEERING PROFESSION by Yusupova Nazokat Sattiyevna; Mashrabbayev Hayotullo (2023) - a g e | 85 www.americanjournal.org THE ROLE OF SPATIAL IMAGINATION IN THE ENGINEERING PROFESSION Yusupova Nazokat Sattiyevna Andijon qishloq xo’jaligi va agrotexnologiyalar instituti. “Elektr energiyasi va nasos stansiyalaridan foydalanish kafedrasi” assistenti Mashrabbayev Hayotullo Andijon qishloq xo’jaligi va agrotexnologiyalar instituti. Keywords: berilgan; chizma; kesishuv; to’g’ri

• HEALING CHAMOMILE ESSENTIAL OILS by Chorshanbiyev Sherali; Nosirjonov Ibrohimjon; Khudoyberdi Djumaev (2024) - Due to the high value of medicinal chamomile essential oil in the world market, it is often cultivated for commercial purposes. Medicinal chamomile essential oil is used in various industries, e.g. pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, perfumes, personal care and beverage industry. Keywords: chamomile; flowers

Epilogue

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Created: 2025-12-25