American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking ISSN (E): 2832-8078 Volume 24, | May - 2024 P a g e | 113 www.americanjournal.org CURRENT STATE OF FINANCING THE ACTIVITIES OF SCHOOL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN UZBEKISTAN Khalilova Shokhsanam Gayrat kizi Tashkent State University of Economics Independent Researcher A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S The article examines the opinions of the world's leading scientists on financing the activities of preschool education organizations in Uzbekistan, analyzes the number of children covered by preschool education organizations and the preschool education system during the years 2017–2023, analyzes the main directions and goals of using public-private partnership mechanisms in the field of preschool education, draws justified conclusions and develops proposals for financing the activities of preschool education organizations in Uzbekistan, and gives recommendations for their application in our country. Public-private partnership, privatization, investment climate, preschool education, public assets. Introduction In recent years, the high level of attention given to the process of development of the continuous education system in our country has been equally manifested in all stages of the education system, and the vivid expression of this situation is also manifested in the activities of preschool educational organizations. Currently, extensive reforms are being carried out in all areas of our country, including the fact that the priority direction of these reforms is that special attention is being paid to the complex development of quality education. Due to the increase in the population of our country, the expansion of educational services and the achievement of certain efficiency through the formation of knowledge, skills, and qualifications of the learners require an increase in the efficiency of the financial mechanism along with the organizational-economic mechanisms of the development of activities in preschool educational organizations. A number of tasks related to this issue are defined in the "Concept for the development of the preschool education system of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030", approved by the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. the current level of funding of the preschool education system, while maintaining the dynamics of birth growth, maintaining the coverage of preschool children at the current level, ensuring the use of preschool education services by a wide range of population due to the development of new funding regulations , financial control, budget legislation by preschool education organizations requires improvement of the mechanisms of prevention and prevention of violations [1]. In particular, in this regard, it is necessary to acknowledge that preschool education and upbringing American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 24 May - 2024 P a g e | 114 www.americanjournal.org are formed within the framework of the state educational program, and in accordance with this program, special attention is paid to the size of the skills and abilities of the child in the formation of the educational process and the indicators that represent the specific characteristics of the implementation of education and upbringing. 1. Review of Literature In the process of analyzing the literature on the subject, we witnessed that several leading economists and specialists conducted scientific research on financing the activities of preschool educational organizations in Uzbekistan, which included the following: Among them, S.V. Kuznetsova and A.N. Ilchenko occupy a special place in their research. In the course of research, it is noted that the need for preschool education services changes under the influence of socio-demographic factors. The effectiveness of preschool education is based on the forecast results based on the correct analysis of its functioning processes. It is also recommended to use mathematical methods and models for financial regulation of the activities of preschool educational organizations, thereby choosing the appropriate tools for the purpose [2]. It is clear from the above points that the knowledge acquired in childhood has a significant and decisive character. In our opinion, until school education institutions of financing relevance confirm this conclusion with another one, it is not yet confirmed. In turn, institutions use financial activity efficiency and knowledge generation to form directed results to evaluate possibilities. In general, in our country, before school education institutions, financial activities were studied to reach the eye- held scientific works. So, regardless of education institutions, the financing of directed studies has increased. Including Prof. N. Jumaev and I. F. D. D. The Rakhmanovs higher education to receive private sources at the expense of financing attention looking up, high education institutions students between conducted to the request according to higher education to get contract payment values to form basis divisor scientific conclusions forming who gave [3]. The researcher, J. Yoldoshev, too, had higher education financing on the surface; his own thoughts gave In particular, high education services delivery in giving public-pprivate partnership development, franchising practice to apply circle his own scientific suggestions, giving passes [4]. A. Makhmudov and higher education system in financing international from experiences use opportunities evaluate gives Including European countries, higher education institutions from the budget financing trends analysis do and in Uzbekistan apply the surface offer and recommendations emphasizing the past [5]. Sharon Wolfand determined that the needs and demands of parents change depending on their satisfaction with the quality of education based on different conditions in different countries [6]. Kh.B. Nazarov's scientific research discusses the problems of evaluating the quality of education in preschool educational organizations and methodological approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of budget expenditures on education based on the analysis available in world practice [7]. Based on the above thoughts and considerations, it can be said that the "mechanism of financing" the activities of preschool educational organizations is a combination of the use of various forms and methods of appropriate financial resources by the state in financing preschool educational organizations. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 24 May - 2024 P a g e | 115 www.americanjournal.org 2. Research Methodology The financing of activities of preschool educational organizations in Uzbekistan, data collection, analysis of collected data, synthesis, and logical thinking were widely used. 3. Analysis and Discussion of Results. In the formation and development of the market economy, ensuring the diversity of forms of property and the primacy of private property makes the privatization of state property and the elimination of its monopoly status an important issue. The transition to the market, the establishment of a market economy instead of a non-market management method, the fragmentation of the state economy, and the creation of competitive types of economies are among the main problems. In developed countries, privatization affects the financial market, resulting in an increase in the supply of shares for sale. This will not involve any costs and will lead to a reduction in the demand for consumer goods. The success of any reform depends to a large extent on how not only domestic but also foreign experience is learned. Our country's independence conditions all fields, like the education system, and international experiences have expanded its scope. Education system developed countries education in the system success ways without learning standing, this done increase possible not Education system international development experience analysis not to do and to life application not to do this in the world education from the system behind to stay means Quick variable modern in the world adaptation strategy not only development, perhaps one different scientific knowledge level to multiply too provides. Therefore, the state is supported and belongs to the conditions that have led to a higher professional education system of changes. The following duties and solutions must be done: − high professional education system structure again organize reach, then corporate integrated structures create, top technological environment personnel, services, products with support provide; − formation of innovative potential and orientation of internal culture to innovative and scientific entrepreneurship; − adaptation strategy innovative to strategy change; − the system financing from the principle of investment support to the concept of transition, the education system innovative development. Today's per day, education in the system tasks limited investment resources efficient to use through perform demand it is done while of education innovative development and investment support system without forming possible not means Education in the system, investments, and attraction to do wide not spread, that's it until then "state by financial the concept of "support." . used, this education organization's main and current assets, education, and other services show, produce release according to activity done, and increase for enough financial resources to provide. To education investments, this means "from the budget except financing, "which means Investments, education services, and the right to pay are private to the sector. Education system investment support concept purposeful respectively created mutually effect doer financial, intellectual, information resources, organization structures, investment to the process macro and micro in degrees effect of showing to himself special forms and methods as complicated social - innovative development interests for input need There is another feature that helps to increase the efficiency and quality of the education system in the world. This is a strengthening of the interaction between higher professional education and industry. The relationship between these components leads to the improvement of all American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 24 May - 2024 P a g e | 116 www.americanjournal.org components of these three units: Higher education system; production sector; specialists. This phenomenon at the current stage of development reflects the real needs of society in the new context of training highly qualified specialists, as they ensure the further development of the economic, social, and cultural life of society. Over the past period, a number of positive results have been achieved in the direction of radical reform of the preschool education system, the expansion of the network of preschool education organizations, and ensuring a wider coverage of children with preschool education. For example, in 2017, The number of pre-school education organizations was 5,211. By 2023, as a result of the creation of favorable conditions for the wide involvement of the non-governmental sector in the field and the introduction of the first public-private partnership system in the country, before school education organizations, the number 6.5 equals an increase of 33,942 to be delivered. For example, the share of the non-state sector was 0.5 percent (250) in 2017, but now their share has reached 80 percent (28 thousand). In 2017, the coverage of children with pre-school education was 27% (700,000 people); by 2023, this indicator had increased by 2.6 times and reached 74% (2.2 million people). In order to create the same initial opportunities for all children in the republic, the right of every child to undergo a mandatory one-year preparation for general secondary education one year before entering school was guaranteed by the Law on "Preschool Education and Training". Now, children undergo a one-year compulsory free school preparation before starting school. By the end of this year, the share of 6-year-old children covered had reached 93% (692 thousand people). We will consider the number and types of preschool education organizations in the republic until 2023 in the financing of the preschool education system Picture 1. The number of preschool educational organizations during 2017 - 2023 1[8] In recent years, the number of preschool education organizations in our country has increased by 1,800 and reached 29,420. In a short time, fundamental changes were made in this system, and more than 1000 state, private, and family non-state preschool educational organizations were built on the basis of modern architectural projects. Today, "private preschools built on the basis of state-private 1It was prepared on the basis of information from the official website of the Preschool Education Agency. 5211 7104 13530 18254 27609 29420 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022-2023 American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 24 May - 2024 P a g e | 117 www.americanjournal.org partnership have doubled in the last year, they amount to 1313. Figure 2. Number of pre-school education organizations by 22023 [8] As of the end of 2023, a total of 1,313 public-private partnership-based, 20,676 family-type non-state preschool educational organizations had been established. Figure 3. Number of children aged 3-7 covered by preschool education system 3[8] 67.8% of more than 2.5 million children aged 3–7 living in Uzbekistan live in Samarkand (12.1%), Fergana (10.8%), Kashkadarya (10.5%), Andijan (9.3%), Surkhandarya (8.5 percent), Namangan (8.4 percent), and Tashkent (8.2 percent) regions. According to the State Statistics Committee, more than 2 It was prepared on the basis of information from the official website of the Preschool Education Agency. 3 It was prepared on the basis of information from the official website of the Preschool Education Agency. Private, 833State, 6598 Family, 20676 Public private partnership, 1313 708 932 1413 1670 1895 2103 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022-2023 American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 24 May - 2024 P a g e | 118 www.americanjournal.org 700,000 children are born in the Republic of Uzbekistan every year, which increases the burden on preschool education organizations. For example, if the total excess load on preschool education organizations is 12 percent in the republic, its highest level is in the Republic of Karakalpakstan (21 percent), Jizzakh (35 percent), and Bukhara (21 percent), and the lowest level is in Surkhandarya (9 percent), and it is observed in the regions of Fergana (9 percent), as well as in the city of Tashkent (6 percent). In general, there are 28.1 places in pre-school education institutions for every 100 children aged 3–7 years [1]. Before school education services more expand in order to before school of education alternative forms was created . In particular, in order to create equal opportunities for all children, The activities of 25,000 family non-governmental preschool educational organizations were launched, and coverage of 662,000 children was provided. In the cities of Tashkent, Nukus, and Termiz, on the topic "Introduction of competence approach in the formation of literacy, rational nutrition, hygiene, and healthy lifestyle skills in the preschool education system of children," More than 1,000 leaders, methodologists, pedagogues, cooks, and deputy directors of economic affairs were trained, and 60 trainers were trained. They are providing practical and organizational support as mentors. Also, "small libraries" (ugolki chteniya) were established in 60 targeted DMTTs in the Republic of Karakalpakstan and Surkhandarya regions, each of which was provided with 150 books, didactic materials, and equipment. A collection of recipes for kindergartens, "Aqlvoy Oshpaz," was translated into Karakalpak, and 150 books were published. The "Alphabet of Health" book collection was translated into Uzbek, Karakalpak, and English. Thus, the integration of OKT and production serves as a characteristic feature of the period of improvement in personnel training. In the developed countries of the world, there has been a long time of great attention to the problem of interaction between the education system and production. According to many scholars, the relationship between education and society ensures the repetition of these types of social relations and, therefore, their strength and stability. The education system can be not only one of the most important factors of social change, but it is one of the most important factors today. This perspective can be understood as follows: Investment in education is the key to economic and social development. One of the problems of the education system is the lack of long- term sources of funding. The process of using public-private partnership mechanisms in the field of preschool education is focused on the following goals: − expanding the market for educational services by strengthening fair competition in the market for educational services; − testing organizational and legal forms of innovative technologies that are new for educational services; − development of a multi-channel financing system related to prospective projects in investment processes; − reworking the content and methods of management by improving the training of specialists in the preschool education system, etc. Today, the public-private partnership system serves to improve mutual integration processes between American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 24 May - 2024 P a g e | 119 www.americanjournal.org educational institutions and their structural divisions as a mechanism for attracting social investments in the field of preschool education. As a result, a reliable mechanism for organizing the system of educational services is formed. The specific features of a public-private partnership in the preschool education system are manifested through: − the contractual relationship; − innovative cooperation in combining resources to achieve a specific result; − effective sharing of responsibilities and risk levels between public-private partnerships, etc. All existing models of financial support (payment for the provision of educational services, execution of research and development works on the orders of the state and enterprises, grant support) are short- term or, at best, medium-term. This situation forces universities to constantly look for sources of funding (it is no secret that a number of universities admit students with low knowledge and intellectual potential, including those who simply have the ability to pay—to the detriment of the quality of education). In such circumstances, it is of great importance to create sources of long-term financing for higher education. Mechanisms based on effective cooperation between employers and higher education institutions are needed to activate cooperation between state institutions and small businesses in the field of education. One of the mechanisms for attracting investments from small businesses and the private sector is the creation of a fund and the fulfillment of employers' orders for training. One of the distinctive features of funds is that they are formed over a long period of time and are not intended for immediate spending. Rather, the funds are used to finance long-term scientific and other educational projects. 4. Conclusions and Suggestions Studying the above practices, in order to encourage the expansion of the activities of non-state preschool education organizations, a subsidy was actually reserved to allow family non-state preschool education organizations to allocate up to 4.5 staff units for the positions of educators and educator-assistants and to cover their salary costs from the state budget, but the proposal to be paid based on no more than 4.5 people (in the city of Tashkent, the city of Nukus, and 2.25 people in the regional centers) based on the state unit of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated July 14, 2022 "Additional measures for the further development of public-private partnerships in the field of preschool education" were reflected in Decision No. PQ-322. As a result of the implementation of this proposal, it served to expand the activities of non-governmental family preschool educational organizations in the regions and improve their financial situation. If the number of children of families in need of social assistance and special contingents attending family non-governmental pre-school education organizations is less than 70% of the total number of children, the remaining part of the family should be allowed to accept children from other families, and parents' fees for them should not exceed the volumes established for public pre-school education organizations in this place. The proposal to establish the amount was reflected in the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated July 14, 2022, "On additional measures for the further development of public-private partnerships in the field of preschool education," No. PQ-322. As a result of the implementation of this proposal, pre-school education organizations operating on the basis of public-private partnerships will have additional financial resources and increase the level of coverage of pre-school education. American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking Volume 24 May - 2024 P a g e | 120 www.americanjournal.org In order to further expand the financial resources of preschool educational organizations operating on the basis of a public-private partnership and to create additional convenience and work opportunities for parents, the parents' fee to preschool educational organizations operating on the basis of a public- private partnership will be paid by the parents on the condition that 100 percent The proposal to allow the admission of children under the age of 3 while independently determining the amount of the mother's allowance is reflected in the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated July 14, 2022, "On additional measures for the further development of public-private partnerships in the field of preschool education," No. PQ-322. As a result of the implementation of this proposal, during 2022, more than 30 thousand children under 3 years of age will be included in the preschool education system operating on the basis of a public-private partnership, creating conditions for their parents to work, and an additional 72 preschool education organizations operating on the basis of a public-private partnership. 1 billion was used for the formation of SOUM funds. In terms of reducing or selling the state share in joint stock companies with a state share, it is necessary to involve underwriters on the basis of a contract and determine the price range of shares based on the performance indicators and prospects of the joint stock companies, the real demands of potential investors, and the dynamics of the share price change. Engaging experienced underwriters will ensure a successful public offering. The efficiency of joint-stock companies is of great importance in ensuring the social and economic development of the country. Because the activities of joint-stock companies, which are considered large industrial enterprises, serve to increase the income of the state budget, increase the level of employment and well-being of the population, ensure a positive balance of payments as a result of the successful implementation of export operations, and reduce the volume of imports due to the implementation of large-scale localization programs,. References 1. Decision No. PQ-4312 dated May 8, 2019 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On approval of the concept of development of the preschool education system of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030". 2. Kuznetsova S.V, Ilchenko A.N. Problemy finansirovaniya doshkolnykh obrazovatelnykh uchrejdeniy (DOU) // Sovremennye naukoemkie tekhnologii. – 2008. – No. 4. – S. 170-172 3. Jumaev N.Kh., Rakhmanov D.A. 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