American Journal of Business Management, Economics and Banking 
ISSN (E): 2832-8078                               Volume 11, | April, 2023                                

 

P a g e  | 80  www.americanjournal.org 

ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF DEVELOPMENT OF 

BUSINESS ACTIVITIES IN THE FIELD OF TOURISM AND 

REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT MODELS 
Umronov Eldorbek Sodirovich 

Researcher, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana, Uzbekistan 

150100, Fergana City, Fergana Street 86. 

 

A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S 

The article examines the effectiveness of business 

development in tourist enterprises. In the course of the 

research, the analysis of the current state of the tourism 

industry and its regional development models were 

formed and based by the author based on theoretical and 

practical research. 

tourism, tourist resources, tourism 

industry, tourist activities, tourism 

services, economic indicators, dynamics 

of the main indicators of the tourism 

sector, small business and private 

entrepreneurship. 

 

Introduction 

The trends of socio-economic changes taking place on a global scale are reflected in the main 

macroeconomic indicators of the countries of the world, including the Republic of Uzbekistan, and the 

share of industries in relation to the gross domestic product. In the last 10 years, the trends related to 

the expansion of the servicing of economic processes indicate that the priority of production sectors in 

the structure of our country's economy may lead to the replacement of the activity of the service sector 

[1-4]. 

Due to the influence of world economic integration, the development of import and export of services 

depending on the level of our country's economy requires the satisfaction of the need for new 

technological bases for the creation and improvement of several business activities. At the same time, 

market services occupy a large share (more than 60 per cent) in the structure of gross services. 

According to national and international statistics, more than 40 per cent of foreign investments in 

Uzbekistan are involved in the development of the service sector, and this, in turn, shows the relevance 

of the development of this sector of the economy and determines its development prospects will be the 

basis [5-8]. 

 

The Main Part 

In recent years, more than half of the gross domestic product created in our country corresponds to the 

share of this sector. It includes industries and enterprises that provide the necessary conditions 

(material and immaterial) that ensure the improvement of the life of the country's population, and the 

continuation and profitability of production facilities. 



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In developed countries, the share of the service sector in the gross domestic product is 60-70 per cent. 

The level of development of this sector usually reflects the level of development of the country and its 

economic potential. The increase in labour productivity in the real sector of the economy allows the 

transfer of a large number of labour and material resources to other non-productive sectors of the 

national economy. Tourism services occupy a key place in the main structure of the service sector in 

many countries of the world. In our country, the tourism sector has a place and a significant share in 

the increase of the statistics of the service sector in the following years, it can be said that this share is 

increasing more and more. The year-by-year increase in the real income of the population is reflected 

in the increase in demand for these services [8-11]. 

The increase in the volume of production in the real sector of the economy, the creation of new 

generation, complex, high-tech products ensures the growth of tourism services, and the increase in 

the type and quality of services in the field, in particular, the technical improvement of the field. In 

turn, the expansion of the scale of the tourism sector, the universality of services, the improvement of 

the quality of work, and the increase in the demand for goods. Accordingly, the development of 

production scale and entrepreneurial activity leads to a significant increase in general macroeconomic 

indicators. Based on the above points, it can be noted that the development of the tourism sector, in 

turn, is a factor in the development of the country's economy [12-15]. 

For countries with high economic potential, economic growth creates the basis for the expansion of 

the tourism sector, which means that the right connection is more significant. Conversely, countries 

with less economic potential cannot afford to spend more on tourism. In this case, tourism services are 

not always popular and high-quality, and precisely because of this, the expansion of the tourism sector 

and the improvement of its quality characteristics increase the demand for products, stimulate the 

development of the real sector of the economy, that is, reverse relations occur. 

Currently, the tourism industry is of crucial importance in the economy of developed countries. The 

level of real growth of the country's gross domestic product, changes in the share of industries and 

sectors, and the number of key indicators per capita reflect the level of development of socioeconomic 

systems. Based on this, the study analyzed the changes in the volume of services in the field of services, 

in particular, tourism, which is its special direction, based on the time series of some key 

macroeconomic indicators in our country (Table 1). 

 

Table 1. Changes in some economic indicators representing the development of the tourism sector 

Indicators 
Years 

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 

Gross domestic product, billion 

soum 

1
8

6
8
2

9
.5

 

2
2

1
3
5

0
.9

 

2
5

5
4
2

1
.9

 

3
1

7
4
7

6
.4

 

4
2

4
7
2

8
.7

 

5
2

9
3
9

1
.4

 

6
0

2
1
9

3
.0

 

7
3

4
5
8

7
.7

 

The volume of services, billion 

soum 

6
8

0
3
2

.1
 

7
8

5
3
0

.4
 

9
7

0
5
0

.0
 

1
1

8
8
1

1
.0

 

1
5

0
8
8

9
.8

 

1
9

3
6
9

7
.8

 

2
1

9
9
7

8
.5

 

2
8

4
1
6

5
.4

 



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Share of services in GDP, % 

3
6

.4
 

3
5

.5
 

3
7

.9
 

3
7

.4
 

3
7

.1
 

3
5

.5
 

3
6

.5
 

3
8

.7
 

The volume of additional 

investments in fixed capital, 

billion soum 

3
7

6
4
6

.2
 

4
4

8
1
0

.4
 

5
1

2
3
2

.0
 

7
2

1
5
5

.2
 

1
2

4
2
3

1
.3

 

1
9

5
9
2

7
.3

 

2
1

0
1
9

5
.1

 

2
3

9
5
5

2
.6

 

The volume of services per capita, 

thousand soums 

2
2

1
1

.9
 

2
5

0
9

.0
 

3
0

4
7

.3
 

3
6

6
8

.3
 

4
5

7
8

.5
 

5
 7

6
8
.2

 

6
4

2
6

.1
 

8
1

3
8

.8
 

The volume of services created by 

small business and private 

business entities, billion. soum 

4
0

1
8
7

.9
 

4
7

2
6
9

.6
 

6
1

3
4
6

.2
 

6
9

2
1
2

.7
 

8
4

4
3
3

.4
 

1
0

3
1
0

6
.6

 

1
1

4
0
5

2
.7

 

1
4

4
8
1

2
.7

 

 

During 2014-2021, the share of the service sector in the country's gross domestic product changed 

based on a certain fluctuation, that is, in 2014, this indicator was 36.4 per cent, and it steadily grew 

until 2018. , reached 37.1 per cent. The impact of the coronavirus pandemic, which occurred worldwide 

since 2019, did not fail to shake the dynamics of macroeconomic indicators, that is, during this period, 

the index of the volume of services in the GDP was 35.5percent and by the end of 2020 it changed to 

36.7 per cent. Since 2021, it has reached a growth trend of 38.7 per cent due to the decrease in the 

spread of the pandemic. 

The volume of additional investments in fixed capital, calculated from the main macroeconomic 

indicators, had a stable growth trend during the last nine years under analysis. The per capita volume 

of services created by the service sector and the volume of services created by small businesses and 

private entrepreneurs have been growing rapidly over the years. 

The analysis of the indicators of the development of the tourism sector observed in the national 

statistics system for the period 2014-2021 shows that the sector has developed rapidly during the past 

eight years (before the pandemic) (Table 2). 

 

Table 2. Dynamics of the main indicators of tourism in Uzbekistan 

No Indicators 
Years 

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 

1 
Tourism consumption within the 

country, bln. soum 

1
3

5
7

6
.2

 

1
4

0
1

0
.7

 

1
3

7
7

2
.5

 

1
6

5
6

8
.3

 

2
0

5
6

1
.3

 

2
7

6
9

6
.0

 

5
2

7
1

.2
 1

9
8
5

2
.5

 

2 
The volume of services offered by 

the tourism sector, bln. soum 

6
6

5
1

.7
 

7
2

0
3

.8
 

7
8

0
9

.0
 

8
2

6
1

.9
 

8
6

5
8

.4
 

9
3

3
3

.8
 

8
5

4
0

.4
 

9
8

4
8

.6
 



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3 
The number of people employed in 

tourism, thousand people 

1
8

5
.0

 

1
8

8
.4

 

1
7

0
.9

 

1
8

7
.6

 

2
0

1
.0

 

2
3

0
.5

 

1
8

9
.2

 

2
8

2
.5

 

4 

Results of activity of service industries related to the tourism industry 

Accommodation and catering 

services, billion. soum 

1
1

1
8

.7
 

1
3

0
2

.5
 

1
5

0
2

.5
 

1
6

9
3

.8
 

1
8

2
3

.9
 

1
9

6
7

.1
 

1
6

9
0

.2
 

2
1

8
5

.2
 

Culture and art, billion. soum 

3
5

4
.6

 

3
7

3
.5

 

4
1

4
.7

 

4
3

9
.3

 

5
4

7
.8

 

6
5

5
.8

 

6
2

4
.5

 

6
7

0
.2

 

transportation and storage, bln. soum 1
4

0
5

2
.3

 

1
4

9
0

5
.7

 

1
5

7
2

5
.5

 

1
7

5
0

9
.0

 

1
8

7
1

3
.4

 

1
9

9
5

0
.6

 

1
9

5
2

0
.2

 

2
2

5
4

0
.8

 

Trade services, bln. soum 1
2

7
1

7
.6

 

1
4

0
9

5
.8

 

1
5

3
2

5
.2

 

1
5

4
8

3
.6

 

1
6

2
7

5
.4

 

1
7

4
2

9
.9

 

1
7

7
2

4
.1

 

1
8

5
2

8
.2

 

 

In 2014-2021, the level of tourism consumption within the country increased at a steady pace due to 

the increase in the population and the improvement of living standards. If in 2014 the volume of 

tourism consumption within the country is 13576.2 bln. amounted to 19,852.5 billion soums by 2021. 

However, in 2020, due to the decrease in the demand for tourism services of the population due to the 

existing conditions, this indicator decreased by 2.5 times from the indicator in 2014. 

Nevertheless, the volume of services offered by the tourism sector has steadily increased over the past 

seven years. This is more clearly reflected in the change in the number of labour resources employed 

in the tourism sector. In particular, during 2014-2019, the number of labour resources employed in the 

industry increased from 185,000 to 230,500 people. 

At the same time, the development of the tourism sector has a multiplier effect on the development of 

industries and industries that cross the lines of activity. In particular, the development of the tourism 

sector has a direct impact on the development of accommodation and food services, culture and art, 

transportation and storage services, and retail trade, which are the main links of the service sector. 

Table 2 shows the changes in the results of activities in the above-mentioned service areas during the 

analyzed period. If we pay attention to the analysis of these indicators, it shows that the level of 

development of the related service industries has recorded trends of change in parallel with the main 

tourism industry. This confirms the above points once again. 

The following table shows the number of tourist enterprises that carried out tourist activities in 

different regions of our country during 2011-2020 and the in-kind indicators of the services provided 

by them (Table 3). 

However, by 2020, the number of tourist enterprises operating under the influence of the pandemic 

factor has decreased to 337, and they have provided services to a total of 212,300 customers. As can 

be seen from the analysis of the data in the table, tourism was the most affected sector of the national 



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economy due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic that started at the end of 2019 and the largest 

decrease in the volume of work. 

During the analysed period, the number of tourist companies and organizations operating in our 

country has increased in proportion to the volume of tourist flow. If in 2011, a total of 332 tourist firms 

and organizations operated in the territory of our country, and they provided tourist services to a total 

of 411.7 thousand customers (370.1 thousand people) and sent them (41.6 thousand people) services 

provided. By 2019, the number of operating tourist firms and organizations increased by 1.56 times 

and reached 517. During the year, these tourist enterprises provided tourist services to a total of 

942,000 customers (788,800 people) and departures (128,500 people). 

 

Table 3. Tourist enterprises that have carried out tourist activities in the Republic of Uzbekistan and 
1activity indicatorstheir  

Indicators 

Years 

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 

Number of tourist 

companies and 

organizations, unit 

332 358 336 343 398 433 449 502 517 337 

Number of clients served 

by tourist firms and 

organizations, thousands 

of people 

411.7 511.6 505.4 514.1 560.4 465.4 670.0 713.2 942.0 212.3 

Including: 

The number of received 

customers, thousand 

people 

370.1 431.7 416.6 419.0 421.3 351.0 558.0 613.4 788.8 186.2 

Number of sent customers, 

thousand people 
41.6 53.7 63.4 61.2 98.4 80.1 72.5 84.9 128.5 18.6 

 

Based on the above analysis, it can be said that from 2011-2020, the trend of steady growth in the 

volume of tourism services has been achieved in all regions of our country. This, of course, in the 

expansion of the market of tourism services in our country, accelerates the achievement of goals in the 

development of business activities in the following directions: 

− the rapid development of the service sector; 

− increasing the role and share of services in the formation of the gross domestic product; 

 
1The information in the table was developed based on the information of the State Statistics Committee of the Republic of 

Uzbekistan. 



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− to fundamentally change the composition of the services provided due to modern high-tech types 

of the service sector; 

− the rapid development of the tourism industry, increasing its role and share in the economy; 

− diversifying and improving the quality of tourist services; 

− expansion of tourism infrastructure; 

− liberalization and simplification of export activities; 

− diversification of export composition and geography; 

− expanding the export potential of economic sectors and regions; 

− to reduce the number of subsidized districts and cities and to expand the income base of local 

budgets due to the rapid development of industry and service provision, to implement 

comprehensive and proportionate development of regions. 

In the course of the research, the volume of services provided by the service networks operating in the 

service sector, which is considered the basis for the development of entrepreneurship, was statistically 

analyzed. According to the results of the analysis, the volume of creation of services in our republic in 

2014 was 68.0 trillion, amounting to 284.2 trillion soums in 2021. it was found that it reached soum. 

Over the past 8 years, the volume of services created in the sector has reached a growth rate of 4.2 

times (Table 4). 

During the period analysed in the study, the high development of services produced by types of 

economic activity was accommodation and catering (12.0 times), architecture and engineering (9.0 

times), financial services (8.9 times), health shows that there was rapid growth in the health care (5.7 

times) and education (5.5 times) services. 

It should also be recognized that during the years of the analysis, the volume of services produced by 

types of economic activity developed at a steady pace and had a significant positive impact on the 

share of the country's gross domestic product. Based on the data, we can observe a rapid increase in 

the volume of services produced over the last eight years. This, of course, shows the growing demand 

of consumers for intangible products created in the service sector and the development of business 

activities in the sector. 

 

(in the account of 2Table 4. The volume of services provided by the main types of economic activity

trillion soums) 

Indicators 

Years In 2021 

compared to 

2014, times 
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 

Services - total 68.0 78.5 97.1 118.8 150.9 193.7 219.9 284.2 4.2 

including by main types: 

information and 

communication services 
4.5 5.2 6.3 8.2 10.3 10.9 13.9 17.7 3.9 

financial services 6.7 8.2 9.9 15.0 21.3 34.0 45.8 59.7 8.9 

transport services 23.8 26.8 30.6 36.2 44.2 54.5 53.6 67.2 2.8 

accommodation and food 

services 
0.7 0.9 3.0 3.7 4.7 5.9 5.4 8.4 12.0 

trade services 19.0 21.4 27.4 32.0 39.7 48.7 57.6 72.5 3.8 

 
2It was developed by the author based on the information of the State Statistics Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan. 



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real estate services 2.2 2.8 3.4 4.0 4.9 6.0 6.1 8.0 3.6 

educational services 2.2 2.7 3.3 4.4 5.4 7.2 8.5 12.0 5.5 

health care services 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.7 2.2 3.1 3.4 5.1 5.7 

rental and leasing services 1.5 1.8 2.3 2.6 3.3 3.7 4.1 5.3 3.5 

repair services for computers, 

personal items and household 

goods 

1.4 1.7 2.2 2.3 2.6 3.2 3.3 4.7 3.4 

personal services 2.0 2.4 2.9 3.1 3.7 4.6 5.0 6.7 3.4 

services in the field of 

architecture, engineering 

research, technical testing and 

analysis 

0.7 0.8 1.1 1.6 3.0 4.5 4.9 6.3 9.0 

other services 2.3 2.8 3.2 3.9 5.5 7.3 8.3 10.3 4.8 

 

As a result of the ongoing structural changes, the development of small business and private 

entrepreneurship in the economy of our country during 2014-2021 has changed in the form of a positive 

trend. Based on accurate calculations, the change in small business and private entrepreneurship by 

economic sectors increased by 2-5.6 times on average (Table 5). 

The analysis of the cross-section of individual sectors for 2014-2021 shows that small business and 

private entrepreneurship have increased in construction (5.6 times), trade (4.1 times), industry (3.9 

times), agriculture (3.7 times) and the service sector (3.6 times) shows that it has increased rapidly, it 

is seen that this indicator has not increased to a high degree in the employment and export sector. 

 

Table 5.The size of the main indicators of small business and private entrepreneurship in economic 

sectors 

Indicators 

Years In 2021 

compared 

to 2014, 

times 

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 

Industry (billion 

soums) 
30907.0 39643.5 50654.5 61367.8 87962.0 83344.2 103020.8 121719.2 3.9 

Construction 

(billion soums) 
13944.9 16954.0 19671.0 22469.4 37451.7 53960.9 63866.6 77762.0 5.6 

Employment 

(thousand 

people) 

9950.8 10170.4 10397.5 10541.5 10128.8 10318.9 9865.7 10070.7 1.0 

Export (million 

USD) 
3657.8 3377.7 3139.2 2759.3 3810.8 4714.8 3100.9 3711.2 1.0 

Import (million 

USD) 
6352.6 5523.1 5676.8 7511.9 10916.2 14972.2 10943.3 12389.0 2.0 

Trade (billion 

soums) 
50197.8 61972.3 78935.6 92973.0 114896.4 138920.7 164106.1 204787.4 4.1 

Agriculture, 

forestry and 
82957.2 101197.5 118011.4 152010.5 191759.2 219466.9 253238.2 307280.2 3.7 



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fisheries (billion 

soums) 

Services (billion 

soums) 
40187.9 47269.6 61346.2 69212.7 84433.4 103106.6 114052.7 144812.7 3.6 

Shipping 

(million tons) 
416.1 472.8 538.6 548.8 611.7 641.0 638.9 678.9 1.6 

Freight turnover 

(mln. ton-km) 
8632.9 9225.1 10072.4 10444.4 11657.7 12152.3 12304.6 13108.1 1.5 

Passenger 

traffic (million 

passengers) 

4224.5 4486.3 4866.5 5037.5 5242.6 5345.0 4904.8 5237.6 1.2 

Passenger 

turnover (mln. 

passenger. km) 

93024.7 99872.8 107789.7 111435.0 115335.2 117412.7 107766.7 114681.5 1.2 

 

The dynamics of indicators over the years show that the indicators at the end of 2020 show a certain 

downward trend due to the pandemic that started in 2019, and in 2021, the downward trend turns into 

a stable increase. 

From the data in the above table, it can be seen that although the activity of small business and private 

entrepreneurship in the sectors and sectors of the economy in our country has a trend of stable growth 

in terms of volume, the expansion of service processes in sectors and sectors, at the same time, the 

production of products created in material production sectors the share of services in the real sector in 

the gross domestic product increases due to the increase in the level of service provision. The 

confirmation of our opinion can be seen in the changes in the share indicators of small business and 

entrepreneurship presented in Table 2.6, that is, in the indicators of the last eight years, the share of 

small business and private entrepreneurship increased only in the volume of construction and import. 

 

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конференция. Наманган. 196-200-б  

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этувчи омиллар. “Реал сектор соҳаси иқтисодиётини ривожлантиришнинг илмий асослари 

ва муаммолари” мавзусидаги халқаро илмий-амалий анжуман материаллари тўплами. 

Самарқанд. 100-105-б. 

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рақобатбардошликни ошириш усуллари. Ўзбекистонда “Ақлли қишлоқ хўжалиги” ва 

“Қишлоқ хўжалиги - 4.0” концепцияларини амалга ошириш: муаммо ва ечимлар” 

мавзусидаги республика илмий-амалий анжумани материаллари тўплами. Тошкент. ТДИУ. 

721-724-б.