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American Journal of  
Education and Technology (AJET) 

New Education Model for Sri Lanka in Post Covid- 19 Pandemic Era
I.U.Wanigasekera1*, Gamini Wijayarathna2

Volume 1 Issue 3, Year 2022
ISSN: 2832-9481 (Online)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54536/ajet.v1i3.834
https://journals.e-palli.com/home/index.php/ajet

Article Information ABSTRACT

Received: October 26, 2022

Accepted: November 25, 2022

Published: December 01, 2022

High quality education and promoting lifelong learning opportunities for all is among the 
sustainable development goals of  the United Nations. This paper aims for New Education 
Model for Sri Lanka in Post Covid- 19 Pandemic Era to survive the Sri Lankan education. As 
a education model in pandemic era it has to be eLearning model. This is achieved adopting 
an object-oriented approach and Unified Modeling Language (UML). The functional and 
dynamic views of  the system are presented and explained within this framework. The func-
tional system includes Use Case diagrams and activity diagrams which are developed based 
on predefined functional requirements of  the system. Furthermore, in the dynamic view 
of  the system, interaction diagrams are developed and explained in detail. The proposed 
models are a step towards efficient implementation of  a complete Education model for Sri 
Lanka in Post Covid- 19 Pandemic Era.

Keywords
E Learning, Unified Modeling 
Language, Context Diagram, 
Use Case Diagram, Activity 
Diagram, Sequence Diagram, 
Class Diagram  

1 Faculty of  Graduate Studies, University of  Kelaniya, Srilanka
2 Faculty of  Computing and Technology, University of  Kelaniya, Srilanka
* Corresponding author’s e-mail: iudarath@gmail.com

INTRODUCTION
The Covid -19 pandemic brought a disaster to whole 
Sri Lankan education system. The normal face to face 
education pattern became to halt. The education of  
the country couldn’t continue and totally collapsed. As 
a solution to this problem  Online education began to 
appear in everywhere (Hayashi & Hewagamage, 2020).
The pandemic halted education of  Sri Lanka began 
to move again. But with a new facet as eLearning. But 
the eLearning system of  Sri Lanka is not perfectly 
developed for this purpose. Large parts of  Sri Lanka are 
not prepared for online educational delivery due to the 
multifaceted digital divide, (Liyanagunawardena 2021).
This research paper is written for fill this digital device 
gap and  introduce a  new education model in post covid 
19 pandemic era using UML diagrams.

METHODOLOGY 
In this paper object oriented approach is used to model 
the online education system using UML models. Section 
first we will illustrate the context diagram.In section II 
the functional view of  the system  is illustrated by using 
use case and activity diagrams. Section III describes the 
dynamic view of  the system using sequence diagrams.
First we take the context diagram to see the whole picture 
of  the new education model. This is to cover all aspects 
of  new education model. 
The context diagram is used to establish the context and 
boundaries of  the system to be modeled which things 
are inside and outside of  the system being modelled, and 
what is the relationship of  the system with these external 
entities.

Then we take the illustration of  all diagrams. new 
education system must be of  high quality and available 
to all students providing them with the tools and skills 
enabling them to be competitive on a global level. 

The Use Case Diagram
Information sharing is one of  the most important 
aspects of  an online educational system. To make sure 
that each actor is having the right access to the right 
information, Use Case Diagrams are developed. A 
UML use case diagram is the primary form of  system/
software requirements for a new software program 
underdeveloped. Use cases specify the expected .The 
functional requirements of  a system are best described 

Figure 1: Context diagram (E- Learning Management System 
Dataflow Diagram, n.d.)

DISCUSSION

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by Use Case diagrams  that is why they are employed to 
view the system from a functional aspect. To develop the 
Use Case diagram, the functional requirements of  the 
system were defined as shown in Table.1. Regarding the 

priority column, “M” means mandatory for the system to 
perform the function. “P” indicates that it is a preferred 
function. “O” means an optional function. 
In UML, use-case diagrams model the behavior of  a 

Table 1: System’s Functional Requirements
No Requirement Description Priority
1 Learner/Teacher Enters personal info M
2 Enters email/phone number or use social media account M
3 System generates and send confirmation code M
4 Learner/Teacher  enters the sent code M
5 Verify their qualifications through scanned documents and phone interview P
6 View different majors/courses M
7 Search courses by keywords O
8 View course contents/teacher biography/prerequisites M

9 Register/unregister in a course M
10 Submit assignment M
11 Solve quiz/exam M
12 View grades M
13 Set/cancel online appointment with TA P
14 Chat with TAs/colleagues P
15 Request private tutor M
16 Join an online lecture/tutorial M
17 Request document evaluation/proofreading/review M
18 Request professional/educational technical assistance M
19 Request a book/research paper M
20 View available scholarships M
21 Evaluate/Match learner's profile P
22 View application video instructions P
23 Request scholarship consultation M
24 Edit biography/course contents P
25 Add assignment/quiz/exam M
26 Submit/edit grades M
27 Accept/reject students' appointments P
28 Accept/reject help with specific questions M
29 Set live lectures timings P
30 Accept document evaluation P
31 Accept technical assistance P
32 Accept scholarship consultation request P
33 Pay through credit/any cash transfer service available M
34 Professor/consultant receive payment on accounts O
35 Address complaints P
36 Rate the lecture/course/answer P

system and help to capture the requirements of  the system. 
Use-case diagrams describe the high-level functions and 
scope of  a system. These diagrams also identify the 
interactions between the system and its actors. Use case 
diagram components are actors-The users that interact 
with a system, System A specific sequence of  actions and 
interactions between actors and the system, and goals 

The end result of  most use cases.
This use case diagram is a graphic depiction of  the 
interaction among the elements of  eLearning system for 
Sri Lanka in Post Covid- 19 Pandemic Era. It represents 
the methodology used in system analysis to identify, clarify 
and organize the system requirements of  the proposed 
system. The main actors of  the eLearning system use case 

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diagram are Guest, Student, Teacher, Payment System 
and Administrator. The usecase diagram  is shown below. 

Figure 2: Use Case Diagram (UML Use Case Diagram for 
Simple E-Learning Platform, no date)

The relationships between actors and use cases in 
the proposed eLearning system.

• Guest entity - use cases of  guest are Register/login 
and Browse courses

• Student entity – use cases of  student are sign for 
course, pay for course  and browse grades

• Teacher entity – use cases for teacher are Grade, 
Create Course and manage courses

• Administrator – use cases of  Administrator are 
manage users

• Payment System- use cases of  payment system are 
take the pay for  course 

Activity Diagram 
Activity diagrams are also describing the functions of  
the system, but they consider the logical sequence of  the 
system’s major functions. Activity diagrams concentrate 
on the sequence and status for organizing low level actions. 
In activity diagrams, the objects needed to execute the 
functional requirements are identified. Furthermore, the 
responses taking place during the execution are clarified. 
It can be concluded that activity diagrams describe the 
functionality of  the system from a sequential aspect .

 The activity diagram in Figure. 3 shows the main activities 
of  the eLearning Management  process within the system.
This is the login activity diagram of  ELearning 
Management System which shows the flows of  login 
activity. Here admin will be able to login using their 
username and password. Then the system will check the 
user level and the permissions. After that  system login 
operator can manage course, manage students, manage 
schedule, manage fees and manage durations. 

Sequence Diagram 
A sequence diagram is a type of  interaction diagram 
because it describes how and in what order a group 
of  objects works together. These diagrams are used 
by software developers and business professionals 
to understand requirements for a new system or to 
document an existing process. Below is a UML sequence 
diagram of  the  eLearning management system Model 
for Sri Lanka in Post Covid- 19 Pandemic Era. In the 
sequence diagram the admin process of  login success, 
Course Management, Student Management, Schedule 
Management, Fees Report and Duration Management 
are described.By adopting this sequence diagram to Sri 
Lanka we can get the best beneficiary to the post covid-19 
pandemic era. 

Figure 3: Activity Diagram for ELearning system

Figure 4: Sequence diagram of  eLearning system

Class Diagram of  the System
Figure 5 is a class diagram. In software engineering, a 
class diagram in the Unified Modeling Language is a type 
of  static structure diagram that describes the structure of  
a system by showing the system’s classes, their attributes, 
operations, and the relationships among objects. The 
main classes of   eLearning management system Model 
for Sri Lanka in Post Covid- 19 Pandemic Era are course 
class, student class, fees class, Role class, schedule class 
and duration class. Course class manage all the operations 
of   course, Student class manage all the operations of  
student, schedule class manage all the operations of  
schedule, fees class manage all the operations of  fees, 
Training class manage all the operations of  Training etc.

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CONCLUSION
In this paper the author  has described the situation in 
Sri Lanka in Post Covid- 19 Pandemic Era and eLearning 
management system model suggestion for it. Context 
diagram, Use case diagram, Activity diagram. Sequence 
diagram and class diagram are drawn and described. By 
adopting these UML diagrams to Sri Lanka the eLearning 
system of  Post Covid- 19 Pandemic Era will be good, will 
be better and will be flourished. The implementation of  
these UML diagrams in software and the impact of  it will 
be discussed in the next research paper. But the online 
eLearning system has it’s set backs also. Sri Lanka is a 
developing country. Most of  the students do not have the 
resources to go online. No wi-fi connections in rural areas, 
No computers or smart phones, no technical knowledge 
or skills to set up a eLearning device. Now a days a 
discussion has been built  that only online learning is not 
sufficient to make a student to his full potential. Online 
and face to face learning has to be delivered accordingly. 
The percentage of  that hybrid learning system will also be 
discussed in a future research paper.

Acknowledgements
Dr. Gamini Wijayarathne for his kind guidance for make 
this research paper a reality and my family and colleagues 
for their understating and cooperation.

REFERENCES 
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Figure 5: Class diagram of  the eLearning system. (E Learning Management System Class Diagram, no date)     

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