25 Journal of Engineering, Mechanics and Architecture www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Engineering, Mechanics and Architecture Volume 2, Issue 5, 2024 ISSN (E): 2993-2637 Efficiency of Use of Architectural Monuments of Namangan Region Dr. (PhD). Dedaxanov Baxodir Davronmirzayevich Namangan engineering-construction institute, Namangan city, Uzbekistan Abstract: In this article, the author tried to study the directions and characteristics of the use of architectural monuments in Namangan region for modern purposes, as well as the development processes of ancient architecture in the area of architectural monuments currently used for religious and other purposes, to determine its sources and specific aspects. Keywords: Architecture, monument, efficiency, adaptation, modern purposes, revalozation, forgery. Effective use of architectural monuments enables to activate the life of monuments and pass them on to future generations. During the renovation of architectural monuments, the possibility of using it for modern purposes is also considered. It is known that architectural monuments have material value as well as spiritual value. Material value also enhances the sentimental and emotional impact of monuments. Currently, material and spiritual use of the monuments is being established. The spiritual benefit enhances the emotional impact as mentioned above, and the material benefit extends the life of the monument. One of the first requirements for the proper use of monuments is to provide a new function corresponding to it. It is necessary to ensure the possibility of using especially famous architectural monuments as museums. It is necessary to distinguish the museumization of monuments from its adaptation to the museum. In this case, viewing the monument itself is achieved by making it a museum, and adaptation of the monument to the museum is achieved by placing exhibits on it and creating conditions for viewing them. When adapting monuments, it is not allowed to expand them later, install doors and windows, and make other additions to the building. Only in some cases, changes can be made to non-essential parts of the monument. Preserving the completeness and integrity of the memorial building and complex is one of the main requirements for giving it a new function. The condition of full use of the monument for other purposes is determined by the extent to which the process of repair and adaptation has been carried out. The issues of repair and adaptation of monuments should be considered comprehensively. In the implementation of adaptation, it is necessary to take into account the monuments located in the old part of the territory, and not on the monuments taken separately. In the historical areas of the city, there will be ordinary monuments as well as famous monuments. The method of solving such a problem is called revaluation in other countries. In revalozation, it is necessary to restore not only the architectural artistic value of the monument, but also the exploitation value. In the process of adaptation, there may be differences between the existing norms and the preservation of the monument to implement the new function. If the door, window, staircase and other changes that are partially forced into the non-main part of the monument must be in active communication with the past. In order to solve the above issue, activities are carried out in the following three directions: 26 Journal of Engineering, Mechanics and Architecture www. grnjournal.us The first direction - this direction is to implement the innovations in the previously used monuments in the past method. Currently, this is not widely used in the theory of restoration, because in this method there is a risk of falsifying the monuments. Therefore, this method is used with caution. The second direction is a modern style that differs sharply from the historical styles and is the opposite direction to the first direction. But effectiveness is not always achieved in this direction. The less old decorations are preserved in the interior, the more opportunities there are to make new elements impressive. The third direction is the direction between the first and second directions. It uses a modern element subordinated to the old one. This, in turn, is the most difficult direction, and with its wide application, it will be necessary to provide it with engineering equipment in the adaptation of monuments. But he should not give halal to the monument. Each architectural monument is aimed at enriching our understanding of the development of the culture of a certain period, the construction method, and the intelligence of our ancestors. At the present time, while properly organizing the repair work on architectural monuments, using them for modern purposes, it is necessary to apply new methods of preserving and bringing them back to life. It is necessary to pay attention not only to preserve architectural monuments, to repair them so that they are suitable for viewing, but also to revive human contact with them, that is, to adapt them to modern types of services. When adapting architectural monuments to use for other purposes, first of all, efforts should be made to preserve the monument and its spiritual essence almost unchanged. Here, the main attention should be focused, on the one hand, on preserving the initial artistic expression, volume-spatial and plan structure (harmony) of the architectural monument, and on the other hand, on creating all the favorable conditions for the use of the monument as a new object. The main problem in this regard is to repair the monument, to correctly determine which types of modern services the monument is suitable for and which specific types of services it is suitable for. In order to recommend the use of architectural monuments, first of all, a project of adapting the historical monument to a new modern function should be developed. When adapting architectural monuments to a new service function, it is recommended to take into account the following factors. First of all, it is necessary to determine which acceptable types of services should be organized in the environment where the architectural monument is located . Then, it is necessary to determine which of these needs the initial functional essence, volume-planning and compositional solutions and architectural possibilities of the monument correspond to, and which of these functions will be effective both for the monument and for urban planning and social life. In this case, the main conditions are the planning structure, history, style, interior appearance and the extent to which the main devices of the monument have been preserved. The newly selected function should not harm the architectural planning structure of the monument, its solid preservation, provide effective benefits, the main devices of the monument, its artistic and historical-social essence, the internal and external environment of the monument, and should not have a negative impact. According to the above requirements, the characteristics of adaptation of architectural monuments to modern purposes can be as follows.  Accommodation of historical buildings intended for residential and living and education (residences, madrasahs, caravanserais, robots and honaqolvr) into hotels, business houses, dormitories, motels, camping sites, tourist and tourism destinations, taking into account the initial functions and planning solutions.  adaptation of trade facilities (taq, tim and charsu) to modern trade enterprises (shopping centers, stores, shops, stalls) and showrooms. 27 Journal of Engineering, Mechanics and Architecture www. grnjournal.us  Praying buildings (mosques, minarets, synagogues) first of all return to their functions, in addition, adaptation to exhibition and exposition halls, houses of folk crafts and museums.  Adaptation of palaces and fortifications to tourist complexes, large museums, restaurants, kitchens, coffee shops, and tea houses. civilian buildings ( bathrooms and other architectural monuments) to public service and health facilities. Adaptation to the proposed functions can be extensive. Currently, many former mosques and mausoleums in the Namangan region have been returned to religious organizations. Makhzum- Eshon mosque in Namangan city, Sheikh Isoq Eshon complex, collective mosque in Kosonsoy district, Takarangi collective mosque, Qazi and Galcha guzar congregational mosques in Namangan district, Gulli and Toda mosques in Pop district, Darya Boyi mosque in Uchkurgan district, Sirli and Oghasaroy mosques in Chust district are religious are being used by organizations as Jome majids. In addition, a number of architectural monuments in the city of Namangan are used for other purposes. 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