# ajee: A Pathfinder

This is a computer-generated pathfinder created against the Distant Reader study called ajee.

Each Distant Reader study carrel is composed of many individual items. Each item is bibliographically described with author, title, date, summary, and keyword values. Below is a list of the items' most signficant keywords as well as lists of the items themselves. Purpusing the content of this pathfinder provides the student, researcher, or scholar with one way to get their heads around the scope of the carrel. The keywords include:

> Management; Emissions; Environmental; Water; Health; Countries; Development; Carbon; Waste; Nigeria; Bangladesh; Farmers; Production; Impact; Table; People; Practices; Banks; Data; Household; Areas; Fuel; Yield

Depending on how this pathfinder was created, many of the bibliographic sections will include elaborations on the meaning(s) of the given keywords. These elaborations were generated by feeding the items' summaries to a large langauge model and asking the model to address the question, "What is X?", where "X" is the keyword. The result will be a few sentences of elaboration. Be forewarned. The elaborations are often plausible, but they should not be take as truth. Instead, they should be taken as points for consideration.

## Management

- Hospital Solid Waste Status: A Case Study of Dosso Mother and Child Health Center (CSME) in Niger by Moussa , Hassimi; Yaou Balarabe, Bachir; Manzo Ousmane , Laminou; Harouna, Abdou; Tahirou, Seydou (2023) - According to the CSME Dosso hospital solid waste management analysis, all surface technicians were trained in hospital waste management, but 69% were illiterate. Despite efforts, most African countries have low levels of hospital waste management (Abdelhak et al., 2019). Keywords: center; csme; dosso; health; hospital; household; management; study; waste; waste management
- Effects of CEO Tenure and Education on Corporate Social and Environmental Performance: Evidence from Listed Firms on Namibia Stock Exchange by Nashilyo, Maria Magano; Nagriwum, Timothy Masuni; Nti-Kwakye, Anita (2024) - In the context of the infl uence of CEO term in offi ce and education on company social performance and environmental performance, the conceptual framework illustrates the relationship between independent, dependent elements and control variables. The results indicate that CEO tenure has a favorable and substantial infl uence on environmental performance, whereas CEO education substantially infl uences corporate social performance. Keywords: business; ceo; ceos; company; education; infl; journal; management; performance; research; responsibility; study; tenure
- Water Resources, Pollution, Integrated Management and Practices in Nigeria – An Overview by Omokaro, Godspower Oke; Idama, Vivian; Airueghian, Edmond Osemwengie; Michael, Ikioukenigha (2024) - However, in 2017, a comprehensive national water resources bill was proposed to consolidate and clarify existing laws, centralize water resources management through a national council, and establish a regulatory framework for water resources. Keywords Nigeria Water Resources, Integrated Water Management, Surface and Groundwater, Water Pollution, Water Availability 1 Institute of Ecology, Peoples Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia 2 School of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia 3 Department of Soil Science and Land Management, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria 4 Department of Geography and Regional Planning, Igbinedion University, Okada, Edo State, Nigeria * Corresponding author’s e-mail: omokaro.kelly@gmail.com INTRODUCTION Water resources are natural resources of water that are potentially useful for humans, for example as a source of drinking water supply or irrigation water. Keywords: authority; basin; chad; delta; development; environmental; federal; groundwater; journal; lake; management; ministry; national; nigeria; oil; pollution; river; state; supply; water; water resources; water supply
- How Development Sectors are Contributing to Waste Management in Bangladesh by Shahen, Md. Abu (2024) - It is crucial for local government officials and women to be well-informed about waste management. The article emphasizes the importance of well-informed local government officials and women in waste management. Keywords: bangladesh; disposal; environmental; garbage; health; management; recycling; research; waste; waste management
- Evaluating Environmental Health and Safety Practices among Fuel Station Operators in Ghana’s Petroleum (Downstream) Sector by Asare, Sarah Asiedua; Mensah, Patrick Akwasi Anamuah; Andoh, Collins Nana (2024) - The study assesses service operators’ role and awareness level in environmental health and safety practices in the petroleum (downstream) sector / Fuel Service Station (FSS) in Adentan Municipality in Ghana. An audit in the petroleum industry can check environmental health and safety guidelines by ensuring monitoring, compliance, procedures, and sector-required standards are in place and effective (UNEP, 1997). Keywords: accidents; downstream; environmental; fuel; ghana; health; management; oil; operators; petroleum; safety; sector; study; workers; workplace
- A Literature Review: Radiological Computed Tomography Assessment for Congenital Renal Anomalies by Hegazy, Mohamed (2024) - Lastly, the review provides practical clinical recommendations for healthcare professionals based on existing evidence and expert consensus, serving as valuable guidance in using CT imaging for diagnosing and managing congenital renal anomalies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Research Design This review aims to explore the key role of Computed Tomography (CT) scans in examining congenital renal anomalies by analysing peer-reviewed articles, case studies and clinical guidelines. Keywords: abnormalities; anomalies; assessment; cras; diagnosis; imaging; kidney; management; patient; scans
- Access to Carbon Credits in the Waste Sector: What Opportunity for Municipalities in Cameroon? by Kongnso, Moye Eric; Emmanuel, Tiomo Dongfack; Moumbe, Sagne Joël; Blanche, Djoukeng Fortune (2025) - However, in 2023, only 32% of waste produced waste collected and transported to the composting platforms. However, waste management projects in developing countries have not been transformed into economic projects. Keywords: access; cameroon; carbon; collection; composting; countries; credits; des; dschang; emissions; management; market; project; tons; waste; year
- Determinants of Climate Change Risk Management Strategies Among the Poultry Farmers in Ekiti State, Nigeria by Owoeye, R. S.; Adegbuyiro, Olusola Bunmi (2025) - Pa ge 1 Pa ge 57 American Journal of Environmental Economics (AJEE) Determinants of Climate Change Risk Management Strategies Among the Poultry Farmers in Ekiti State, Nigeria R. S. Owoeye1*, Olusola Bunmi Adegbuyiro2 Volume 4 Issue 1, Year 2025 ISSN: 2833-7905 (Online) DOI: https://doi.org/10.54536/ajee.v4i1.4445 https://journals.e-palli.com/home/index.php/ajee Article Information ABSTRACT Received: January 31, 2025 Accepted: March 03, 2025 Published: March 20, 2025 This study investigates the determinants of climate change and risk management strategies among poultry farmers in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Probit regression analysis showed that educational level, farming experience, and access to credit significantly influenced the adoption of risk management strategies. Keywords: change; climate; farmers; management; poultry; risk; strategies
- Adoption of Circular Economy Developed: A Comparative Analysis between Developed and Developing Countries for Sustainable Waste Management by Sharmin, Rubayea; Ali, Kaosar; Karim, Mohammad Rezaul; Mallik, Shuvo Kumar (2025) - Figure 1: Ellen MacArthur Foundation illustration of circular economy The circular economy (CE) has become a promising model for combating global environmental issues and As the knowledge of the concept of circular economy is still developing, we only considered articles published from 2010 to 2020. Keywords: analysis; articles; countries; developing; economy; industry; management; papers; policy; practices; research; review; study; waste; waste management
- Green Human Resource Management and Employee Performance in an Emerging Economy: Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction and Industry Type as Moderator by Usmani, Farhan uddin (2025) - The purpose of this study is to analyse the relationship between Green HRM practices and employee performance in an emerging economy (Pakistan) while investigating the mediating role of job satisfaction, and the moderating role of industry type. The findings revealed that both green recruitment and green compensation have a positive and significant impact on employee performance, whereas green performance has an insignificant impact on employee performance. Keywords: compensation; employee; employee performance; ghrm; green; impact; industry; job; job satisfaction; management; performance; practices; recruitment; relationship; satisfaction; type

## Emissions

- Foreign Direct Investment, Trade Openness and Environmental Degradation in SSA Countries. A Quadratic Modeling and Turning Point Approach by Ewane, Enongene Betrand; Ewane, Etah Ivo (2023) - Trade Openness and Carbon Dioxide Emissions There is a lack of consensus concerning trade openness and CO2 emission (Karedla et al., 2021). Since our interest is to find out if the relationship between trade openness, FDI, and CO2 emission is non linear or monotonic, we employ a quadratic function which allows the effect of the independent variable (X) on the dependent variable to change. Keywords: carbon; co2; countries; degradation; emissions; energy; et al; fdi; openness; pollution; ssa; trade; trade openness
- Unraveling the Intricate Nexus of Philippine Environment and Economy: An Empirical Analysis Using Multiple Regression by Sabroso, Leomar M; Duyo, Jan Mariel A; Salapa, Aristeo C (2023) - This result is in line with Alharthi et al. (2021), who found that using renewable energy reduces carbon emissions significantly and would continue to do so as the amount expands. Results yielded that the impact of GDP per capita has a positively significant relationship with carbon emission influencing a substantial increase. Keywords: carbon; co2; emissions; energy; environment; growth; population
- Achieving Sustainable Development: Balancing Carbon Dioxide Emissions Reduction and Poverty Alleviation in Less Developed Countries by Mahamanea, Famanta; Bai, Junhong; Bian, Yuanchao; Yao, Nengzhi; Gao, jing; Ali, Abid (2023) - However, this has hurt some LDCs, as poverty rates have risen due to rising energy costs (UNCTAD, 2015; IEA, 2019; World Bank, 2020). LnHeal -0.00300 (0.128) LnHouse 0.261*** Robustness and Endogeneity Test This study’s dependent and key independent variables are poverty rate and carbon emissions per capita, respectively. Keywords: carbon; carbon emissions; change; climate; consumption; countries; co₂; development; economic; emissions; energy; growth; ldcs; model; poverty; rate; reduction; research; variables; world
- A Panel Examination of Economic Growth and Environmental Pressure in the Middle East and South Asia by Ullah, Ehsan (2023) - Testing environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis: The role of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption and trade in OECD countries. The implication of showing a learning on the empirical investigation of environmental Kuznets curve in these regions would essentially go an extended way in terms of policy result making. Keywords: capita; co2; countries; curve; effects; ekc; emissions; energy; gdp; growth; hypothesis; kuznets; pollution
- Impact of Environmental Degradation on Economic Growth: Testing the Environmental by Aiyedogbon, John O.; Ogwuche, David Dauda; Zuhumben, Nanbal Joel (2024) - Thus, the study examined the relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag model and examined the impact of environmental degradation on economic growth in Nigeria from 1990 to 2022 using that lens. Based on the estimated ARDL regression result, environmental degradation as determined by carbon dioxide emissions (kt) and economic growth are negatively correlated. Keywords: carbon; co2; degradation; dioxide; economic; emissions; energy; environmental; growth; investment; kuznets; nigeria; relationship; trade
- Foreign Direct Investment, Institutional Quality, and Environmental Pollution in Selected African Countries by Kehinde John, Akomolafe (2024) - This study was conducted to examine the effects of institutional quality and FDI on environmental pollution in selected African countries. Environmental pollution was measured using CO2 emission. Keywords: africa; co2; countries; effect; emissions; fdi; investment; model; pollution; quality
- Harnessing Green Investments for Sustainable Prosperity and the Role of Renewable Energy in Driving Economic Growth and Development in South Asia by Abdullah, Majid; Ahmed, Shakeel (2025) - The study shows that renewable energy can decrease emissions, increase energy security, and create jobs. Therefore, the study supports the proposition that the sustainable development of renewable energy in South Asia depends on considerable policy intervention, technological improvement, and investment in infrastructure. Keywords: access; asia; co2; consumption; countries; development; economic; emissions; energy; gdp; growth; model; south; value; variables
- The Future of Carbon Offset Markets in Africa: Towards Equitable Climate Finance by Mulenga, Richard (2025) - The review adhered to PRISMA guidelines (Page et al., 2021) and examined voluntary carbon market mechanisms, focusing on the African region through a Boolean Proximity search to unravel related terms or phrases such as “carbon offsets in Africa”, “voluntary carbon markets Africa,” “carbon finance and Africa”, “carbon colonialism Africa,” “carbon brokers Africa”, “carbon market integrity Africa” and “carbon credit governance Africa”, among others. Carbon markets have become crucial to international climate finance and mitigation efforts. Keywords: acmi; africa; benefits; carbon; carbon markets; carbon offset; challenges; climate; credit; emissions; environmental; governance; integrity; markets; offset; offset markets; policy; projects; vcms

## Environmental

- Environmental Impacts of Effluent Discharge from A Rice Processing Factory on River Benue’s Water Quality in Makurdi, Nigeria by Ochai, ThankGod; Niambe, Obed Kohol; Nwankwo, Evalistus; Ochoche, Shaibu; Ibukunoluwa, Peter Adio (2024) - On the other hand, water pollution occurs when chemical, physical, or biological materials are introduced into fresh or ocean waters, degrading their quality and affecting the organisms living in them. Industrial effluents and uncontrolled exploitation of groundwaters are major causes of water pollution in urban centers like Lagos(Ado et al., 2015). Keywords: environmental; fepa; nigeria; oxygen; point; pollution; samples; solids; total; water
- Exploring Diversity of Hispanic Health Outcomes Through Prism of Environmental Justice by Vasnetsov, Victor; Vasnetsov, Catherine; Pramoda, Siona; Pramoda, Meghna (2024) - Table 1: Hispanics by Country of Origin, % of Total Population in USA, the states of Texas and Florida. Paraguayan 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% Hispanic as % of total population of a state 19.1% 39.4% 25.9% Source: US Census Bureau, 2020 Census Redistricting Data Pa ge 95 https://journals.e-palli.com/home/index.php/ajee Am. Keywords: american; areas; diabetes; environmental; factors; florida; health; hispanic; outcomes; pollution; population; prevalence; ses; table
- An Academic Review on Heavy Metals in the Environment: Effects on Soil, Plants Human Health, and Possible Solutions by Ewubare, Paul Obokparo; Aliyu, Sarah Onosteike; Michael, Ikioukenigha; Ejakhaegbe, Joy Osebhajimede; Obomejero, Justice; Okoro, Sunday Osarodion; Olukayode, Oluwaseyi Joseph (2024) - Heavy metals are potentially toxic to plants, resulting in chlorosis, weak growth, yield depression, reduced nutrient uptake, metabolic disorders, and diminished nitrogen-fi xation ability. Utilization of food crops contaminated with heavy metals is a major food chain route for human exposure. Keywords: activities; effects; environmental; et al; exposure; food; health; human; journal; lead; levels; metals; plants; soil; vegetables; water
- Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry in an Era of Energy Transition: Analysis of TotalEnergies’ Activities in Nigeria by Emetumah, Faisal C.; Emetumah, Fatima I. (2025) - In terms of energy transition in Brazil, the government is pursuing a decarbonisation policy where more investments in renewable energy in the oil and gas sector, as well as the electricity sector (Werner & Lazaro, 2023). The policy dimension of energy transition: The Brazilian case in promoting renewable energies (2000–2022). Keywords: activities; crude; energy; energy transition; environmental; fossil; fuels; gas; government; iocs; nigeria; oil; sector; totalenergies; transition

## Water

- Comparative Study of Phytochemical Properties of Some Bio-Material (African Yam Bean, Pigeon Pea, Pawpaw Leaf Powder, Moringa Seed and Pawpaw Seed) by Amauche, Ibiam Prince; Chiubeze, Amadi; Liliam, Ezeamama; Grace O., Ani; Arinze N, Ifegbo (2022) - Furthermore, Pigeon pea, yam bean, moringa seed Pawpaw seed and pawpaw leave have been found to contain most of the bioactive constituent spresent in plant via alkaloid, saponin, tannins, flovonbid, steroid and glycoside. The study was carried out to compare the phytochemical properties of Africa yam bean, pi- geon pea, moringa seed, pawpaw leaf and pawpaw seed powder and the Significance of the phytochemicals in respect to the treatment of diseases were discussed. Keywords: + +; alkaloids; bean; doi; extract; pawpaw; plant; powder; presence; seed; water; yam
- Climate Change: It’s Causes, Inflicted Hazards, Adopted Strategies and Opportunities in Agriculture of Nepal: A Detailed Review by Tripathi, Anubhav; Pandey , Mamata (2022) - A questionnaire survey in 720 households covering 6 districts of Nepal revealed increase in summer (95%) and winter season (41%) temperature, weather unpredictability (56%), reduced precipitation (58%), draught (85%), natural disasters (78%), infestation in crops (83.1%), invasive weeds (75.3%), soil degradation (81.6%), reduced productivity (73.6%) (Khanal et al., 2017). TE in larger scale with greater no of practices was found 13% in average greater than employing fewer practices on smaller scale (Khanal et al., 2018). Keywords: adaptation; agriculture; change; climate; climate change; crops; environment; et al; farmers; food; https://journals.e-palli.com/home/index.php/ajet; impact; increase; khanal; livestock; nepal; practices; production; rain; rainfall; soil; study; temperature; use; water; year
- Barriers to Adoption of Energy-Efficient HVAC Systems in Middle-Class Households in Pakistan by Javed, Muhammad Awais; Latif, Usman; Sajjad, Muhammad (2025) - Systematic simulations can help with the difficult process of optimizing HVAC systems designs in middle class households in Pakistan. This invention will assist HVAC systems design are selecting the optimal systems configuration and design parameters during the early design phase by accounting for various middle-class households in Pakistan. Keywords: building; class households; component; cooling; design; energy; households; hvac; hvac systems; model; pakistan; systems; water
- Hydrochemistry and Predictive Modelling of Water Quality in Ogun and Oshun Rivers, Southwestern Nigeria by Laniyan, Abiodun B.; Ogunyinka, Opeyemi O.; Afolabi, Olaide I.; Odusanya, Oluwaseun A.; Oyefusi, Adebayo S.; Adebukola, Olugbenga S. (2025) - Land use effects on river water quality in the Ethiopian highlands. Seasonal dynamics of river water quality in Southwestern Nigeria. Keywords: dry; et al; models; nigeria; ogun; oshun; parameters; quality; regression; river; season; sodium; tds; turbidity; water; water quality; wet
- Cost–Benefit Analysis of Rainwater Harvesting Systems in Bangladesh: A Case Study of Mongla Upazila by Hassan, M M Makfur; Ethika, Tahmina Hossen (2025) - Similar discoveries were made in the research conducted in Chennai, India, where rooftop RWH systems resulted in a reduction in municipal water costs and a decrease in the force used to extract groundwater (Chandrasekar et al., 2018). Accordingly, the annual cost of duration spent on water harvesting is estimated to be approximately BDT 34,158.75. Keywords: analysis; average; bangladesh; bdt; benefit; cost; family; harvesting; rainwater; rainwater harvesting; rwh; study; systems; water; year
- Economic Effects of the Failure of Kandesha Dam on Local Communities in Mumbwa District, Zambia by Muchanga, Manoah; Mzyece, Bertha (2023) - It shows that the magnitude and intensity of the impact of dam breaking is dependent on the anthropogenic activities downstream of the dams. This means that local people may need to be sensitized about the cost of constructing such infrastructure and to discourage them from any activities that may punctuate dam breaking. Keywords: breaking; dam; dams; failure; kandesha; muchanga; study; water; zambia

## Health

- Promoting Community Gardening Among Small-scale Ethnic Minority Producers: A Case of Maryland by Gurung, Dipendra; Karki, Lila B.; Bhandari, Prem B.; Ojha, Sahil (2025) - Evidence-based strategies to build community food security. This study evaluated the impact of an Extension project on the knowledge, skills, perception, and practices of 36 small-scale ethnic minority producers involved in community gardening in Maryland. Keywords: benefits; community; community gardening; food; gardening; gardens; health; knowledge; minority; participants; project; security; skills
- Role of Public Awareness and Healthcare in Preventing Substance Abuse: A Policy Analysis in Bangladesh by Hasan, Md Mehedi (2025) - Guarded public awareness campaigns traditionally utilize mass media; however, community engagement, educational programs, and storytelling are also employed to humanize the problem and generate empathy for individuals with substance use disorders (Young et al., In future public health campaigns in Bangladesh, the use of more focused messages aimed at specific target groups such as healthcare providers, law enforcement personnel, educators and policy makers may increase intervention effectiveness (Mallik, 2024). Keywords: abuse; attitudes; awareness; bangladesh; campaign; community; exposure; health; healthcare; media; participants; public; stigma; substance; use
- Optional and Mandatory Retirement Among Philippine National Police (PNP) Personnel in Police Regional Office (Pro) Mimaropa by Mendoza, Loida I. (2025) - ) DOI: https://doi.org/10.54536/ajee.v3i1.5649 https://journals.e-palli.com/home/index.php/ajee Article Information ABSTRACT Received: July 01, 2025 Accepted: August 07, 2025 Published: September 12, 2025 This study explored and compared the perceived quality of life after optional retirement and mandatory retirement among Philippine National Police (PNP) personnel in Police Regional Office (PRO) MIMAROPA as a basis for the development of a Retirement Decision-Making Framework. Importantly, there is a significant gap in the comparative analysis of the perceived quality of life between those who choose optional retirement and those who undergo mandatory retirement among PNP personnel in PRO MIMAROPA. Keywords: activities; age; extent; family; group; health; life; police; quality; relationships; respondents; retirees; retirement; retirement group; service

## Countries

- Investigating the Environmental Impacts of Economic and Tourism Activity by Kaondal, Kinjal; Singh, Sanjeet (2025) - This study aims to analyse the effects of economic growth, energy usage and tourism activity on environmental degradation in Asian Emerging and Developing Economies from 1995 to 2022. This trade-off between economic development and ecological sustainability has led to continuous discussions: while economic growth can strengthen living standards and mitigate poverty, it might also risk natural ecosystems if growth is supported by practices that damage the environment. Keywords: countries; deterioration; energy; environment; growth; nations; tourism; usage

## Development

- Integrating Complex Derivative Models in Understanding Dollarization’s Impact on Sustainable Development Goals and Environmental Economics: A Neo-Classical Finance Perspective by Muhammad, Abdulgaffar; Jeroh, Edirin; Nma, John Aliu; Abasido, Anthony Unyime; Isyaku, Maryam; Adesugba, Anthony Kolade (2024) - This paper integrates complex derivative models from neoclassical finance theory, including stochastic volatility, copula, and regime-switching models, to quantitatively analyze the impacts of dollarization. Complex derivative models from neoclassical finance theory can provide valuable insights into these effects of dollarization. Keywords: currency; development; dollarization; dynamics; economics; models; rate; regime
- Ecotourism Source of Poverty Alleviation and Natural Conservation in Kashmir India by Khan, Bilal Ahmad (2022) - REFERENCES Annual Report: Ministry of Tourism, GoI, 2017-18 Ahmad, II (2014), Kashmir Heritage Tourism, Gulshan Books, Srinagar Kashmir Bhat, B. A (2014). J. Environ Econ. 1(1) 13-18, 2022 Report: World Tourism Organization, 2002 Report: Ecotourism Development Plan for Jammu and Kashmir, 2015 Report: Directorate of Tourism Kashmir, Govt. of J&K Report: Additional Chief Executive Officer (ACEO) of Shri Amarnathji Shrine Board, 2018 Tsaur, S. H., Lin, Y. C., & Lin, J. H. (2006). Keywords: analysis; conservation; development; econ; ecotourism; environ; factor; garden; https://journals.e-palli.com/home/index.php/ajee; items; jammu; kashmir; lake; mean; people; place; shrine; srinagar; study; table; total; tourist; valley; variable
- Analysis of Financial Policy of China’s Economy Based on Artificial Intelligence and Innovation by Mengying, Yuan; Yuhan, Zhao (2025) - AI not only improves the efficiency of data processing, but also provides more accurate prediction and decision support capabilities, making the formulation and implementation of financial policies more scientific and reasonable. The integration prospects of artificial intelligence and financial policies In this study, the analysis is carried out with the help of secondary data, including statistics from major organizations, academic articles, industry reports and government releases. Keywords: china; data; development; innovation; intelligence; market; policies; policy; technology
- Natural Resource Endowment, Human Capital Development, and Economic Growth in Selected African Countries by Kehinde John, Akomolafe (2024) - The results confirm the Dutch disease by showing that natural resources had a negative impact on economic growth,while human capital had a beneficial influence. It was also shown that the development of human capital could not mitigate the detrimental impact of natural resources on economic growth. Keywords: capital; development; growth; human; model; resources; test
- Environmental Awareness and Youth Engagement in Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by Muyed, G. M. M. Didar Diyan; Mallik, Shuvo Kumar; Datta, Debuttam (2025) - Although environmental awareness and youth engagement research are expanding quickly, the field is inherently complex and fractured (Ignell et al., 2025). It also points out that youth engagement and environmental awareness are core to realizing the SDGs. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Selection Process and Inclusion Criteria Keywords: awareness; climate; development; engagement; goals; people; research; sdgs; sustainability; youth

## Carbon

- Achieving Carbon-Neutral Construction: Global Trends and Bangladesh’s Sustainable Future by Sani, Jumman; Mallick, Kalyan Kumar; Sadhukhan, Prodip Krishna; Banu, Most. Arzu; Shikder, Ramani Ranjan; Biswas, Tapan Kumar (2025) - This price difference deters developers from utilizing sustainable building materials, especially in low- and middle-income nations like Bangladesh. High Cost of Materials Since sustainable building materials, such low-carbon cement and cross-laminated lumber are 30–40% more expensive than conventional materials, most developers and contractors cannot afford them. Keywords: bangladesh; building; carbon; climate; construction; financing; materials; nations; projects

## Waste

- Investigation the Use of Waste Glass and Waste Paper as an Alternative Construction Binding Material: An Approach Towards Sustainable Environment by Saifullah, Mohammad; Hasan, Mehedi; Debnath, Tarun; Rob, M A; Tusar, Azizul Hakim; Rabbani, Md. Liton (2024) - At just 7 days of curing, concrete blocks incorporating 10% and 20% glass waste replacements displayed higher strength than their conventional counterparts, showcasing an early strength advantage. These findings suggest that at 7 days of curing, lower percentages of waste glass replacement can enhance the strength of the concrete block, while at 14 days of curing, the strength remains close to the standard value for 10% and 20% replacement but decreases significantly at 30% replacement. Keywords: concrete; construction; curing; days; figure; glass; materials; paper; replacement; strength; use; waste; waste glass; waste paper
- Study of the Potential of Forest Biomass for the Development of Wood Energy Sectors in Congo Brazzaville by Djimbi Makoundi, Daivy Dieu-Le-Veut; Christian Dieu-Le-Veut, Djimbi Makoundi; Lei, Ming; Zhang, Lei (2025) - Given the country’s heavy reliance on wood energy, which accounts for 85% of the national energy mix, the energy recovery of residues from logging and wood processing activities, as well as wood biomass energy (firewood and charcoal) intended for annual use, emerges as a strategic solution. Gaps in Literature and Hypothesis Development Despite extensive research on biomass energy, gaps remain in understanding the socioeconomic and logistical challenges of integrating biomass into national energy strategies. Keywords: biomass; cogeneration; congo; consumption; energy; figure; forest; forestry; national; potential; processing; production; total; waste; wood

## Nigeria

- Determinants of Technical Inefficiency in Wheat Production: An Application of the Stochastic Frontier Model - Nigeria by Bashir, A B; Ali, I M; Togun, O M; Jibrin, S A (2023) - J. Environ Econ. 2(1) 19-23, 2023 (SFM) to estimatetechnical efficiency of wheat production and its determinants among wheat farmers in Nigeria. A Stochastic frontier model was used to capture wheat production efficiency and its determinants while, Likert scale was employed to reveal severity of wheat production constraints among farmers in the study area. Keywords: area; efficiency; farmers; fertilizer; nigeria; production; seed; study; wheat

## Bangladesh

- A Systematic Review of Energy Demand, Technology, and Efficiency Nexus: Implications for Bangladeshi Food Processing Industry by Hossain, Md. Julhaz; Pk, Uzzal Ali (2023) - The findings reveal that energy demand in Bangladesh is influenced by a variety of macroeconomic and other factors, and that implementing energy-saving technologies might be one of the determinants for increasing energy efficiency and, as a result, lowering energy demand. Energy efficiency is ensured when the same amount of output requires comparatively less energy consumption in the production plant (Gembicki, 2016). Keywords: bangladesh; consumption; demand; efficiency; electricity; energy; energy demand; energy efficiency; food; industry; processing; study; technology
- Entrepreneurs’ Perception on the Benefits of Organic Vegetable Farming in Bangladesh by Fuad, Md Akter Faruk; Matsui, Kenichi (2025) - Benefits of Organic Vegetable Farming In the second section of the questionnaire survey, we attempted to understand how the respondents perceived environmental and economic benefits from adopting organic vegetable farming. In re-sponse, nearly 67% of the respondents strongly agreed that organic vegetable farming is an eco-friendly farming method, and about 55% strongly agreed that OVF is one of the best ways of getting safe foods. Keywords: agriculture; bangladesh; benefits; business; experience; farmers; farming; respondents; vegetable; years

## Farmers

- Low-Cost Biochar: A Sustainable Approach to Improve Soil Fertility and Crop Yield for Small-Scale Farmers by Mahmud, Md. Nahid; Muniza, Nuzhat Tabassum; Ahmed, Asif (2025) - Experimental results indicate that biochar application significantly improved soil characteristics. For instance, in India, biochar application was found to improve water retention by 30%, leading to significant increases in rice and wheat yields. Keywords: biochar; control; crop; farmers; fertility; rice; soil; yield

## Production

- Market Feasibility and Strategies for the Environment-Friendly Bricks in Bangladesh: A Learning from the Southern Part of Bangladesh by Shahen, Md. Abu (2024) - Based on the characteristics of building block materials, the next section will describe the main distinctions between concrete blocks and red bricks. To build a house with hollow block construction, the cost is reduced a lot. Keywords: blocks; bricks; building; concrete; construction; construction materials; eco; environment; market; materials; people; production; respondents; use

## Impact

- The Impact of Brand Capital on the Stock Price Crash Risk, an Empirical Study by Alsomaidaee, Mustafa; al Janabi, Ahmed A Mahmood; Neamah, Rusul (2023) - Based on the previous discussions and relying on (Christodoulides et al., 2007) ideas in measuring brand capital, we propose the following hypotheses and sub-hypotheses: H01: Brand capital has a negative effect on reducing the risk of crash stock prices in Iraqi private banks. H01a: This study investigated how brand capital affects the risk of stock prices in Iraqi private banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange failing by identifying the likelihood of a crash caused by a negative deviation in the distribution of returns on ordinary shares. Keywords: banks; brand; brand capital; capital; company; crash; impact; market; price; research; risk; stock; stock price; value
- Hiking Trails Economic and Social Impact: The case of the Lebanon Mountain Trail by Abou Arrage , Jad; Abboud, Rita; Sakr, Omar (2025) - Moreover, trail tourism has a considerable impact on local expenditure, particularly in sectors such as accommodations, food and beverage, guiding services, and retail. J. Environ Econ. 4(1) 136-149, 2025 essential for conducting precise analyses, as reliance on a single multiplier may provide an incomplete assessment of economic impact (Morgan, 2010). Keywords: analysis; assessment; cost; data; et al; impact; income; lebanon; lmt; study; total; tourism; trail; travel; value

## Table

- The Impact of Information Architecture on Final User Benefits by Mansoor, Firas Adredah; Mustafa Abdalrazzaq, Zaid (2023) - Furthermore, it facilitates easy access to internal and external sources of organizational information and knowledge, making information technology one of the key factors enabling organizations to build and produce organizational knowledge (Al-Ziyoud, 2012) The study’s findings indicated a statistically significant impact between the elements of organizational knowledge as one of the dimensions of information architecture. Keywords: architecture; benefit; end; information; knowledge; organization; study; table; user; variable
- Socio-Economic Condition, Challenges, and Problems Encountered by Fisherfolks in Marine Biodiversity Conservation and Protection in Pilar, Capiz by Obligar, Philomel Innocent (2025) - To ascertain the difficulties and issues respondents faced with biodiversity conservation and protection, the average age-weighted value or weighted mean was employed. To ascertain the difficulties and issues respondents faced with biodiversity conservation and protection, the average weighted value or weighted mean was employed. Keywords: agree; biodiversity; catch; conservation; fishermen; fishing; issues; marine; nga; pag; respondents; sea; table

## People

- Financial Contagion: The Corona Threat to the Global Economy by Bheenaveni, Ram Shepherd; Katherasala, Srinivas; Daravath, Vikas; Methri, Shireesha (2025) - With this background, this paper will emphasize the ramifications and ratifications of financial contagion that took place due to the coronavirus lockdown worldwide. The Coronavirus pandemic lockdown is first and foremost a humanitarian crisis and shows a direct impact on human health, social welfare, has a dramatic impact on economic activity, and also leading financial contagion (Abodunrin et al., 2020). Keywords: contagion; covid-19; crisis; economy; lockdown; pandemic; people; supply; world

## Practices

- Green Literacy, Green Loyalty and Satisfaction among Banking Customers in Kerala: Insight from Kerala Gramin Bank and State Bank of India by Jiji, N.; Parambath, Sreelakshmi Kacheri; Prakash, Aswin; Praveen, M. V. (2025) - Green banking: Perception and willingness of customer to adapt green banking. This part consists of 6 sub sections which depicts and discusses demographic particulars of green banking customers, their green banking literacy level (Green Literacy), green banking customers’ attitudinal loyalty (Green Loyalty), green banking satisfaction, green banking perceived benefits, and hypotheses testing. Keywords: banking; banking practices; banks; customers; green; initiatives; kgb; literacy; loyalty; practices; satisfaction; sbi; study; sustainability

## Banks

- The Role of Reengineering Operations in Achieving Banking Sustainability - A Case Study on A Sample of Employees in Iraqi Private Commercial Banks by Hussein, Mustafa Khudhair; Mahdi, Omar Tawfiq; Zuhairi, Mustafa Mohammed Kleban; Al-tekreeti, Ruaa Basil Noori (2023) - Service quality .737** 1 .678** .880** .578** .682** .611** .697** Technology .719** .678** 1 .909** .649** .664** .614** .714** Reengineering processes .904** .880** .909** 1 .716** .751** .696** .802** Economic dimension .698** .578** .649** .716** 1 .722** .643** .865** Environmental dimension .683** .682** .664** .751** .722** 1 .763** .931** Social dimension .652** .611** .614** .696** .643** .763** 1 .897** Banking sustainability .752** .697** .714** .802** .865** .931** .897** 1 Figure 4: Testing the second central hypothesis H2 Table 12: Path Coefficients PATH Original Sample (O) Sample Mean (M) (STDEV) T Statistics P Values Reengineering processes -> banking sustainability 0.804 0.805 0.020 40.057 0.000 Figure 5: The second study model aims to test the effect of the sub-dimensions of reengineering processes (process design, service quality, technology) on the dependent variable of banking sustainability in Iraqi commercial banks Indicator Reliability The results of the Model’s goodness-of-fit standards indicate that all dimensions and paragraphs of the Model fall within the goodness-of-fit standards, except for paragraphs q9, q8, and q7 of the service quality dimension and paragraphs Q1, Q2 of the process design dimension, which are less than the specified goodness-of- fit standard of 0.70, unless (Hair et al.) indicated (2917) Primary Hypothesis H2 There is a statistically significant impact of reengineering processes variables dimensions (process design, service quality, technology) on enhancing banking sustainability dimensions (economic dimension, social dimension, environmental dimension) in Iraqi private commercial banks, and the following sub-hypotheses branch from it: Sub-Hypothesis H2-1 There is an impact of process design dimension on enhancing banking sustainability in Iraqi private commercial banks. Keywords: average; banking; banking sustainability; banks; dimension; iraqi; operations; process; processes; reengineering; sustainability

## Data

- Enhancing Personalized Learning through Artificial Intelligence in Modern Education Systems by Wafik, H M Atif; Prince, Sheikh Khurshid Alam; Promise, Avishek Reza; Rahman, Muhammad Aminur; Jahan, Jafrin; Mallik, Shuvo Kumar (2025) - This high-tech world raises ethical questions about the privacy of data, the transparency of algorithms, and the risks of bias in AI systems. This will broaden the scope of cross-cultural and cross- institutional comparisons to find out the scale and the portability of AI systems in a variety of educational environments. Keywords: adaptive; data; education; intelligence; learning; review; student; studies; systems

## Household

- Fuelwood Supply Consumption and Dynamic on Forest Resource in Kakuma Refugee Camp, Turkana County Kenya by Kandie, kipkemboi; Kipkore, Wilson K.; Odwor, P. O. (2024) - This study is to analyze determinants of refugee camp forest resource utilization efficiency Kakuma refugee camp Turkana county. Source: Layout of Kakuma refugee camp. Keywords: camp; energy; forest; fuelwood; household; kakuma; kenya; level; refugee; size; study

## Areas

- Disaster Resilience and Capability in the Maintenance of Public Order During Disaster of Calamity-Prone Municipalities in Oriental Mindoro, Philippines by Tanguid, Jr., Salcedo B; Tanguid, Richelle V (2023) - This study examined the level of disaster resilience and extent of the capability of calamity- prone areas to maintain public order during disaster, among the respondents, the barangay officials and the residents in the disaster-prone municipalities in Oriental Mindoro. This study employed a descriptive-quantitative research design in which the level of disaster resilience and extent of the capability of calamity-prone areas in the maintenance of public order during disaster, among the respondents, the barangay officials (n=180) and the residents (n=379) in the disaster-prone municipalities in Oriental Mindoro. Keywords: areas; barangay; disaster; mean; officials; order; residents; resilience

## Fuel

- An Overview of Tree Species Used for Agroforestry Practices in Nepal by Budha, Sher Bahadur (2022) - Bhalayo Semicarpus anacardium Anacardiaceae Fuel Silvo-pastoral 1000 79 Sindure Mallotus philippinesis Euphorbiaceae Fodder Silvo-pastoral 1500 80 Gedilo Ficus clavata Moraceae Fodder Agri-silviculture 750-1134 81 Vimal Grewia optiva Malvaceae Fodder, fuel Agri-silviculture 1800-2000 82 Bilauni Maesa chisia Primulaceae Fodder, fuel Silvo-pastoral 2130 83 Mel Pyrus pashia Rosaceae Fuel, timber, live fence Silvo-pastoral 1158-2000 84 Vakkimilo Rhus javanica Anacardiaceae Fodder, fuel, Medicine, Fruit Silvo-pastoral 500 85 Kathe kaulo Machilus gamblei Lauraceae Fodder, fuel Silvo-pastoral, Agri- silvculture 700-2400 86 Guren Callicarpa arborea Lamiaceae Fodder, fuel Silvo-pastoral 1300-1700 https://journals.e-palli.com/home/index.php/ajee Pa ge 46 https://journals.e-palli.com/home/index.php/ajee Am. J. Environ Econ. 1(1) 40-43, 2022 30 Ginderi Premna integrifolia Verbenaceae Fodder, fuel Silvo-pastoral 600-3500 31 Khaksi Streblus asper Moraceae Fodder Silvo-pastoral 500 32 Karma Adina cordifolia Rubiacace Fodder, fuel, timber Silvo-pastoral 800 33 Jamun Syzygium cumini Myrtaceae Timber , fuel Silvo-pastoral 1600 34 Mahuwa Madhuca indica Sapotaceae Timber , fuel Silvo-pastoral 1200 35 Khyar Acacia catechu Liguminosae Timber, fodder, fuel Silvo-pastoral 1400 36 Gazuma Guazuma ulmifolia Malvaceae Fodder, fuelwood Silvo-pastoral 400-1200 37 Simal Bombax ceiba Malvaceae Timber ,fodder Agri-silviculture 1500 38 Amala Phyllanthus emblica Euphorbiaceae Fuel, fruit, Medicine Agri-silvi-pastoral 150-1400 39 Harro Terminalia chebula Combretaceae Fuel, fruit, Medicine Agri-silvi-pastoral 1100 40 Baroo Terminalia bellerica Combretaceae Fuel,fruit, Medicine Agri-silvi-pastoral 1100 41 Bhogate Citrus grandis Rutaceae Fruit, fuel Horti-agri-silvicultural 1340 42 Sitafal Annona reticulata Annonaceae Fruit, fuel Horti-agri-silvicultural 1500 43 Sarifa Annona squamosa Annonaceae Fruit, fuel Horti-agri-silvicultural 1500 44 Sajana Moringa oleifera Moringaceae Fruit Horti-agri-silvicultural 600 45 Bel Aegle marmelos Rutaceae Fruit Horti-agri-silvicultural 150-1400 46 Suntola Citrus reticulata Rutaceae Fruit Home garden 900-1200 47 Mausami Citrus sinensis Rutaceae Fruit Horti-agri-silvicultural 900 48 Aanar Punica granatum Lythraceae Fruit Horti-agri-silvicultural 700-2300 49 Aaruba- khada Prunus domestica Rosaceae Fruit Horti-agri-silvicultural 1000-2000 50 Syau Malus pumila Rosaceae Fruit Horti-agri-silvicultural 1500-2700 51 Imili Tamarindus indica Liguminosae Fruit Horti-agri-silvicultural 1500 52 Bayer Ziziphus mauritiana Rhemnaceae Fruit Horti-agri-silvicultural 1200 53 Uttis Alnus nepalensis Betulaceae Timber, Fuelwood, Fodder Agri-silviculture 500-2700 54 Musure Katus Castanopsis tribuloides Fagaceae Fuelwood, Fodder, Fruit Home garden, Agri- silvculture, Silvo- pastoral 450-2300 55 Bar Ficus bengalensis Moraceae Fodder Home garden, Agri- silviculture 600 56 Pakhuri Ficus glaberrima Moraceae Fodder Home garden, Agri- silviculture 750-1134 57 Dudhilo Ficus nimoralis Moraceae Fodder Home garden, Agri- silviculture 900-2200 58 Pipal Ficus religiosa Moraceae Fodder Home garden, Agri- silviculture 1520 https://journals.e-palli.com/home/index.php/ajee Pa ge 45 https://journals.e-palli.com/home/index.php/ajee Am. Keywords: agri; agro; fodder; forestry; fruit; fuel; horti; nepal; pastoral; silviculture; silvo; species; timber; tree; tree species

## Yield

- Field Performance and Economic Analysis of Different Adlai (Coixlacryma-Jobi L.) Cultivars Grown Under Lowland Conditions in Cebu City, Philippines by Tangpos, Marciano D. (2022) - This study was conducted to; a) evaluate the ag- ronomic component, yield, and yield characteristics; and b) determine the economic analysis of different Adlai cultivars under lowland conditions of Carcar City, Cebu. Tapol cultivar grew taller and produced longer panicles with extended and broader leaves. Keywords: adlai; carcar; city; cultivars; gulian; tapol; yield

## Epilogue

For more detail, about this study carrel, see the computed home page. For more detail about study carrels in general, see the read me file.

Created: 2025-12-22