American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 25, February, 2024 383 | P a g e THE IMPORTANCE OF THE FRUIT AND VEGETABLE SECTOR IN INCREASING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF AGRICULTURE AND THE FOOD INDUSTRY Dr. Barno Raxmonova, Sardorbek Tojiddinov Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies; Email: baxtdilel@gmail.com Abstract The article discusses ways to improve the efficiency of fruit vegetable production in Uzbekistan. As a result of the analyzes, the effectiveness of fruit vegetable products grown in the Andijan region was studied. Keywords: fruit and vegetable production, economic efficiency, cost, profit, profitability. Introduction In the Republic of Uzbekistan, fruit and vegetable products are mainly grown on a private facilities, of which 70-80 percent fell on farmers and dekhkan farms (small households_, while today the increase in the number of large business entities in the field of horticulture leads to increased competition between the private network of fruit and vegetable producers. In such a system, it is important for a large number of fruits and vegetables, which are seasonally ripe and in most cases unfavorable for transportation, to be scattered in terms of location and to unite in a cooperative so that small farmers and farms of size can participate in a competitive struggle. In this regard, several organizational economic and legal foundations have been established in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Regulatory legal acts set out the procedure for the organization of fruit and vegetable cooperatives, the legal and economic basis of their types, forms, and activities, the conditions for membership in the cooperative and the inclusion of share shares, etc. The fruit and vegetable products cooperative takes the form of a commercial organization organized by agricultural commodity producers: farmers, farmers, and owners of private land and farms on the principles of cooperation. Literature Review and Methodology The issues of cooperation in the production of fruit and vegetables are discussed in the scientific works of many foreign scientists, in particular, A.V.Chayanov, I.N.Buzdalov, T.Buzina, N.Kuznesova, I.Minakov, V.Volodin, L.Antonenko3 and other agricultural economists. studied. The issues of cooperation of fruit and vegetable products in postsoviet countries were studied in the research of scientists such as A.I.Allakhverdiev, N.V. Yermalinskaya, Y.A.Kozhevnikov, I.I.Chaika, Yu.M.Sapego, I.M.Lifis 4. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 25, February, 2024 384 | P a g e From local scientists conducted researches on the study of the general problems of cooperation of fruit and vegetable production in Uzbekistan such as M.Khusanov, Q.A.Choriev, O'.P.Umurzakov, S.Eshmatov, T.H.Farmanov, N.S.Khushmatov, A.Jumaev, H.S.Khushvaktova, R.X.Ergashev, Ch.M.Muradov and other scientists. In the abovementioned studies, the issues of economic efficiency of fruit and vegetables are considered in detail, methods for assessing the level of efficiency, directions to increase it are studied. However, despite the fact that many problems have been discussed, scientists have not been able to come to a consensus on the issue of the organizational and economic basis of the cooperation of fruit and vegetable products. A more in-depth study of the problem of fruit and vegetable products cooperation requires a comprehensive economic assessment of the development reserves of fruit and vegetable processing and storage enterprises and rational scientific and innovative approaches to the organizational and economic foundations of fruit and vegetable cooperation. Until now, also many regulatory and legal documents related to fruit and vegetable cooperation have been developed in Uzbekistan Analysis and Results The purpose of organizing fruit and vegetable clusters is to conduct joint production to meet the material and other needs of the cluster members. Studies show that a number of problems are observed in the issues of stable increase in the production volumes of fruits and vegetables, effective use of land areas. The main task of fruiting as an important branch of agricultural production is to provide the population with fresh fruits, and industry with fruit raw materials. Fruiting as a science consists in the development of theoretical foundations and practical methods of high-quality and sustainable harvest technology based on the study of the structure of fruit and berry-fruit crops, the laws of growth, reproduction and yield, their attitude to external environmental factors and biology. The concepts of fruit farming and horticulture are assimilated. In fact, horticulture is a broadly defined concept that includes fruit farming, viticulture, citrus farming, berry farming, ornamental gardening, and floriculture. The importance of fruiting in the national economy is great. Fruits and berries-fruits contain sugars, organic acids, proteins, fats, additives, pectin, aromatic substances, colloids, mineral salts, enzymes, vitamins necessary for the human body. Currently, in case of Uzbekistan it is necessary to grow at least 330-400 g per capita per day or 115-120 kg of fruits per year, including 15 kg of grapes and 10 kg of berries-fruits, in practice 94 kg of fruits and 12 kg of grapes per capita are grown throughout the year. According to preliminary data of the Statistical Agency of the Republic of Uzbekistan, fruits and berries grown in all categories of farms in 2023 amounted to 3121.7 thousand tons, vegetables - 11553.7 thousand tons, or 104.1%, and 103.5% compared with the corresponding period of 2022. In the periods indicated concerning the corresponding period of 2022, an increase of 5.9% of fruits and berries and 3.3% of vegetables in farms, 3.2% of fruits and berries and 2.7% of vegetables were recorded in households. At the same time, an increase American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 25, February, 2024 385 | P a g e of 20.0% in vegetables was recorded in other producers. In contrast, other producers showed a decrease in ripening of fruits and berries by 4.9%. Also, the largest share in the total volume of grown fruits and berries and vegetables by regions was 22.3% in Andijan region, 12.9% in Fergana, 12.0% in Samarkand, Namangan 11.7% and Bukhara 9.7% and Surkhandarya 10.1% and Tashkent 10.0%. At the same time, the minimum share in the total volume of fruits and berries, 1.5% and 2.6% in the Syrdarya region, 2.2% and 2.9% in the Republic of Karakalpakstan were observed. Relatively high growth rates in the production of fruits and berries and vegetables in the corresponding period of 2022 were 107.3% and 104.8% in Kashkadarya, 105.8% and 104.0% in Namangan regions, 105.8% and 104.5% in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, in Navoi 105.1% and 104.6%, in Samarkand 104.8% Syrdarya 104.6%, in Fergana 104.5% and 105.5%, in the Jizzakh region 104.4% and 104.1% were recorded. According to the analysis of dynamic data on the production of all categories of fruit and vegetable products in the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2020-2023 (diagram 1), in 2020 vegetable products will be 10431.4 thousand tons and 2812.6 thousand tons of fruit products, by 2023 vegetable products 11553.7 thousand tons and 3121.7 thousand tons of fruit products were grown. In Uzbekistan in 2023, compared to 2020, vegetable production increased by 110.7 percent, and fruit – by 111 percent. According data on the production of fruit and vegetables of all categories to the Andijan region in 2020-2023 (diagram 1), in 2023, 1,772.5 thousand tons of vegetables were produced by farms of all categories (102.4% more than in 2022), as well as 696.8 thousand tons of fruits and berries (103.2% more than in 2022). 2020 2021 2022 2023 Q4 10,431.4 10,850.2 11,162.9 11,553.7 2,812.6 2,852.6 2,999.3 3,121.7 Production of fruits and vegetables in farms of all categories of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2020-2023. Vegetables thousand tons Fruits and berries thousand tons American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 25, February, 2024 386 | P a g e 1) The data is given taking into account clarified (revised) data in the agricultural sector * preliminary information Conclusions The economic growth of the fruit and vegetable sector should not be due to the further expansion of the use of existing internal resources, but it can be achieved due to the introduction of a system of competitive production cooperation and clusters, which meet the requirements of the times in terms of quality of products. Based on the above analysis, it is advisable to pay attention to the following in the sustainable development of the industry in the conditions of Uzbekistan: - to further strengthen the financial incentives for exemplary companies operating in rural areas and specializing in the storage and processing of agricultural products in an innovative resource-saving way, implementation tax, customs and other benefits to them; - increasing the preparation, storage and processing of agricultural raw materials produced on the basis of the development of compact and small branches of industrial companies in each rural area of the republic, as well as economic stimulation of activities aimed at the production of competitive products for the domestic and foreign markets incentives (tax incentives, loans, etc.) are appropriate; - to provide the entrepreneur with comprehensive practical assistance in matters of credit allocation, insurance, foreign markets, “geographical, economic, financial and quality risks”, transport-Logistics, obtaining relevant certificates, food security and standards before the export process, to promote the organization of export-credit organizations in order to ensure their participation in international exhibitions and fairs, or to the ministry and; - organization of multidisciplinary agrological complexes “Agropark” and “Agro-industrial” based on digital innovative technologies in all-round convenient places. All conditions have 16,11,054.0 16,76,391.0 17,30,603.9 17,72,572.0 6,34,048.0 6,64,000.0 6,75,142.3 6,96,781.0 2020 2021 2022 January-December 2023 * Fruit and vegetable production in all categories in Andijan region Vegetables-total tonne Fruits and berries tonne American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 25, February, 2024 387 | P a g e been created in this complex, that is, the creation of a system of all processes ranging from product sales, storage, processing, packaging, biolabboratory service, standardization and export; - Introduction of the ”fruit and vegetable clinic" service; - improvement of legal regulatory and technical documents regulating the requirements for the quality and safety of fruit and vegetables and processed products. Recommendations In the regions of the Republic, the indicators that can be achieved in the field of fruit and vegetable production are high, they should be organized by deep-processing, competitive goods in foreign markets: juice, syrups, juice powders, frozen (fresh) fruits and other dry fruits growing, preparing, producing, processing them. To do this, it is necessary to pay attention to: - increase the capacity of special buildings and structures for the storage of fruit and vegetable products for a certain period of time; - improving the selection of seeds and varieties of seeds i.e. focusing on the production of export-oriented and competitive, world-demanding products; - increase in export geography, including increasing the volume of exports to the CIS countries, South Asia and European countries; - it is necessary to apply modern packaging methods, introduce mini-shops, drying, packaging equipment for processing fruit and vegetable products into the activities of multidisciplinary farms. References 1. Decree No. PQ-4549 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On additional measures to further develop the fruit-vegetable and viticulture industry and create a value-added chain in the sector" 2. Saidova D.N., Rustamova I.B., Tursunov SH.A. 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Prospects for the Development of Walnut Clusters in a Digital Economy in Uzbekistan. //European Journal of Business Startups and Open Society. Vol. 2 No. 3 (2022). P. 20-24. EJBSOS ISSN: 2795-9228. 11. Islamova D.T. Use of Modern Economic Forms in the Development of Potatoes in the Digital Economy. //European journal of business Startups and open society Vol. 2 No. 4 (2022): EJBSOS ISSN: 2795-9228. www.innovatus.es 12. Islamova D.T. Importance and significance of the fruit and vegetable sector in increasing the competitiveness of agriculture and the food industry. //Procedia of Theoretical and Applied Sciences. Volume 5 | March 2023 ISSN: 2795-5621. http://procedia.online/index.php/applied/index 13. Islamova D.T., Abdusalomov S. Effective Use of Economic Factors in the Development of Potato Growing in The Digital Economy. //Nexus: Journal of Innovative Studies of Engineering Science (JISES). 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