American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 31, August - 2024 1 | P a g e HISTORICAL-ETYMOLOGY AND LINGUISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE NAMES OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN UZBEKI AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES Rakhimova Nigora Polvonnazirovna Senior Lecturer Faculty of Foreign Philology National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek +998977420804 Abstract Researchers have always been interested in the names of medicinal plants in Uzbek and English languages. This topic is becoming interesting and relevant for translators. In this article, we considered the historical-etymological and linguostatistical analysis of medicinal plant names in Uzbek and English. Keywords: names of medicinal plants, origin, semantics, linguistic statistics, Latin language, English language, Uzbek language. Introduction The world of medicinal plants has been important in human life since ancient times. To designate this or that medicinal plant, healers and herbalists noticed only the historical- etymological features of their names characteristic of this plant and, based on linguistic analysis, gave it its name, which was later recorded in this language as a dialect phytonium. Philologists and linguists, comparing the languages of the same or different systems, often manage to identify common features in the nomination of plants. Comparison is the main (rather specific) way of learning a language V. G. Gak noted1 Such research in modern linguistic knowledge is carried out by a relatively new discipline of contrast linguistics. From the point of view of the onomasiological approach, a comparative study of the main Botanical and dialectal names of plants in different systematic languages makes it possible to determine the nominative properties of phytonyms and determine their specification in each language compiled2 In the classification of phytonyms, the phytomorphological description of plants should be considered dominant. Functional identities within a defined lexical-semantic group contribute to the systematization of phytonyms and subgroups chosen independently with general motivational recognition. One of the main tasks that we linguists have before us is to bring to a systematic state the national alternative of the name of medicinal herbs, which are prepared from healing 1 Рубцова О. Г. (2015). Номинация лекарственных растений в разносистемных языках через призму фитоморфологии (на материале русского, Марийского, немецкого и латинского языков). Вестник Вятского государственного университета 2 Mirjonov. N.N. "Shifobaxsh o’simlik nomlarining lingvistik xususiyatlari" Scientific progress, vol. 3, no. 2, 2022, pp American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 31, August - 2024 2 | P a g e plants, used for healing in medicine (relying on “Cannon”, “Saydana”, “Urjuza” and folk oral creativity). Many medicines are prepared from medicinal plants, with which the science of pharmacist is engaged, while we draw our attention to the linguistic aspects of the name of these healing plants. Results and Discussion Plant names are given for many factors and reasons. Let's list some of them. The plants were given their Latin names on the principles below: -Depending on the place of growth; -from the environmental conditions of growth -based on morphological signs: structure, appearance; -based on similarities to other plants or objects; -according to plant characteristics such as color, taste, smell; according to the toxic and poisonous effect of the plant. Plants also get their name in honor of scientists who first discovered and described them . Let's consider the characteristic features described above using specific examples: In examples of plants whose Latin names reflect habitats of the genus: • Helleborus caucasicus - Grows in wet mountain forests of the Caucasus. • Sophora japonica - their homeland is China and Japan. • Periploca graeca - He came from the Balkan Peninsula, where the Republic of Ellin is located. Conclusion In conclusion, the names of healing plants are found in our language in different forms, including the case of terms borrowed from the root word, simple compound, as well as other languages, and are used in different variants. This causes some confusion, especially when translated into Uzbek and English, when illuminating the composition of drugs, forcing the use of in comprehensible Latin to distinguish plants from each other. To prevent such situations, the need to systematically analyze the names of healing plants linguostatistically by linguists and create their scientific basis, dictionaries and electronic applications on terms is clearly visible. References 1. Abukaeva, L. A., Glizerina, L. M., & Rubtsova, O. G. (2023). Semantic characteristics of the names of medicinal plants in languages of different systems (based on the material of Russian, Latin, Mari and German languages). Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series "History and Philology", (2), 047-055. 2. Mirjonov. N.N. "Shifobaxsh o’simlik nomlarining lingvistik xususiyatlari" Scientific progress, vol. 3, no. 2, 2022, pp. 214-223. 3. Рубцова О. Г. (2015). Номинация лекарственных растений в разносистемных языках через призму фитоморфологии (на материале русского, Марийского, немецкого и латинского языков). Вестник Вятского государственного университета, (2), 121-125.