American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 33, October - 2024 63 | P a g e CHESS IS A FIELD WHERE INTELLIGENCE, THINKING AND IDEAS GROW Teshaboyeva Feruza Rakhimovna (PhD) Associate Professor, QDPI Uzbekistan Abstract In the article, the history of the development of the sport of chess abroad and in our country is looked at, and by teaching blind and visually impaired children to play chess, their logical thinking and will are formed, along with the development of their attention, perception, thinking, memory, and vocabulary through the use of chess games. in one line, the thoughts on how to prepare them for social life in some sense are highlighted. Keywords: Blind and visually impaired children, chess game, perception, thinking, memory, logical thinking, attention, personal qualities. Introduction Today, chess has become one of the most popular sports in Uzbekistan. There are millions of fans of this sport all over the world, because chess is not only a fun sport, but also appreciated as mental gymnastics. Chess began to develop rapidly in Europe from the 11th century. Changes were made to the rules of chess in the 15th century. In 1512, Damiano's collection "This book teaches how to play chess" was printed in Rome and translated into European languages. In 1575, a match was held between Spanish and Italian chess players in Madrid. Gioacchino Greco (Italy) in the 17th century, Danican (Francois Andre) in the 18th century, Philidor (France), Howard Staunton (England) in the 19th century, Adolf Andersen, Johannes Sukertort (Germany), Paul Morphy, Louis Paulsen (USA), Ignats Kolish, Chess masters such as Wilhelm Steinitz (Austria-Hungary), Alexander Petrov, Mikhail Chigorin (Russia) made a great contribution to the development of this game. There are sources confirming that chess has deep roots in the land of Uzbekistan. Chess pieces from the Kushan period (I-II centuries) during the archaeological excavations in Dalvarzintepa (Surkhondarya) in 1972, 7 chess pieces from the VII-VIII centuries during the research conducted in Afrosiyob (Samarkand) in 1977 found. According to Al-Adli, an Arab scholar and chess player who lived in the 9th century, the people of Central Asia played an important role in the abolition of shashkal and the development of this game. "India" by Abu Rayhan Beruni, "Matlai Sa'dayn" and "Majmai Bahrain" by Abdurazzaq Samarkandi, "Majolis un-nafois" by Alisher Navoi, "Lison ut-Tayr", "Baburnoma" by Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur and other historical works. ) has valuable information about. During the time of Amir Temur, strong chess players gathered in Samarkand. Ali ash-Shatranji (Oloviddin al-Tabrizi) from Tabriz won the competitions held in Samarkand. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 33, October - 2024 64 | P a g e He wrote a book about chess and included in it his own and many grandmasters who lived in Central Asia until the 14th century. Amir was playing chess with Temur himself. Since the 20s of the 20th century, the widespread promotion of modern chess rules in Uzbekistan gave impetus to the development of this sport. Chess clubs were opened in Tashkent, Samarkand, Kokan and other cities. Azmiddin Khojayev, Sergey Freiman, Polat Saidkhanov, Zakir Khojayev showed enthusiasm in promoting chess. Uzbek championships began to be held between men in 1930 and women in 1935 (Alexander Grushevsky and Larisa Pinchuk won the most championships - 8 times). At different times, such well-known grandmasters as Fyodor Duz-Khotimirsky, Salo Flor, Tigran Petrosyan, Paul Keres, Alexander Kotov, Mark Taymanov, Viktor Korchnoi, Anatoly Karpov came to Uzbekistan to give lectures, one-way play (session). holding and participating in competitions had an effective impact on the development of chess in our country. From the 50s of the 20th century, a new generation of chess enthusiasts such as Mamajon Muhitdinov, Ulug'bek Elbekov, Sergey Pinchuk, Roman Kim, Alla Mirtichan came of age. The Republican chess-chess club was commissioned, various categories of competitions were held, chess columns were published in newspapers and magazines, a chess show was opened on Uzbekistan television, and chess books were published. Chess masters like Isaac Birbrager and Yefim Rukhlis won various competitions. Georgy Borisenko was awarded the title of international grandmaster in part-time chess. Georgy Azamov became the first international grandmaster from Uzbekistan (1984). In 1992, the Uzbekistan men's national team won the second place in the World Chess Olympiad, and in 1999, it won the Asian Championship. In 1998, Ibrahim Hamrokulov won the world championship among teenagers. Rustam Kasimjanov became the first Asian champion in 1998, and the 17th world champion in 2004. Currently, 7,984 people (2,320 women) are directly engaged in chess in our country, 3,220 of them are people with chess titles and titles. It can be seen that significant work is being done to develop this sport in our country. In particular, the decision of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated January 14, 2021 "On measures to further develop and popularize chess and improve the system of training chess players" PQ-4954 on the development of the sport of chess in Uzbekistan until 2025 specific tasks are defined. In this decision, it is necessary to widely promote chess among the population in our country and make it a mass sport, to create the necessary conditions for the intellectual and cultural development of the growing young generation, to select and select highly talented young people and to train them. special attention is being paid to the issues of establishing a training system for professional chess players and international grandmasters, creating decent working conditions for trainers, as well as creating a chess school of Uzbekistan. The great Cuban grandmaster Raul Capablanca said: “Chess is not just a game. It is an intellectually useful way of spending time, based on some degree of artistry and science. As important as sport is for physical perfection, chess is as important for mental potential. It American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 33, October - 2024 65 | P a g e is an interesting and convenient way to develop special characteristics of people and exercise the mind. Of course, each of us wants our children to grow up to be able to overcome all difficulties in life, to independently achieve their goals. However, there are people among us who cannot fully enjoy all the blessings of nature. Among them are blind and visually impaired people. Visually impaired, blind and partially sighted children often have low self- confidence, inability to communicate with healthy peers, inability to show their talents, and this makes them a part of society. prevents them from becoming a member of Lakanli. Such situations cause negative changes in the psychology of people with disabilities. Therefore, forming such persons not as a forgotten layer of society, but as active members is one of the urgent tasks of this day. How can such blind and visually impaired children be encouraged to be creative and develop the ability to think independently? So, what should be done to meaningfully organize the free time of blind and visually impaired children? One of the best ways to do this is to teach chess! This wonderful ancient game brings great joy to the blind and visually impaired child and is important for their mental development. Chess expands the worldview of a blind and visually impaired child, teaches him to think, reason, remember, compare, predict the future and draw conclusions. Also, a blind and partially sighted child who plays chess develops the skills of attention, determination, will, self-criticism and independent conclusion. It is especially useful to interest blind and visually impaired children in chess. The famous Russian pedagogue V.A. Sukhomlinsky was a thousand times right when he said, "It is difficult to imagine the full development of the mind and memory without chess." In conclusion, it can be said that the game of chess has great potential for developing the minds of blind and partially sighted elementary school students, and for teaching them to think independently, correctly and logically. . We can say that chess ensures moral, spiritual and spiritual development of blind and partially sighted elementary school students. At the same time, chess paves the way for students to master the sciences well. It is worth noting that chess helps blind and partially sighted children to think strategically, plan future activities, and develop a sense of responsibility for their actions. So, it can be said that chess is a field where intelligence, thinking and ideas grow! List of Used Literature: 1. O’zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 2018 yil 9 avgustdagi “O’zbekiston Respublikasida shaxmatni rivojlantirish bo’yicha qo’shimcha chora-tadbirlar to’g’risida”gi PQ-3906 sonli qarori 2. O’zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 2021 yil 14 yanvardagi SHaxmatni yanada rivojlantirish va ommaviylashtirish hamda shaxmatchilarni tayyorlash tizimini takomillashtirish chora-tadbirlari to’g’risida PQ-4954-son 3. Xalayev M , SHaxmat alifbosi –T : Tafakkur -2015 4. A.A.Talipdjanov, A.M.G‘ofurov “Shaxmat tarixi va uning nazariy American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 33, October - 2024 66 | P a g e asoslari” uslubiy qo‘llanma. Qo’qon 2021 y 5. Вершинин М. А. 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