American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 33, October - 2024 166 | P a g e PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN MEDICINE Alibekova Leylo Rahmonovna Tashkent Medical Academy Abstract The article analyzes phraseological phrases used in medicine and their role in the formation of professional qualities of a future doctor. We will also look at the experiences of other doctors. Keywords: phraseological units, medicine, doctor, patient, phraseological turns Introduction The study of medical phraseological units in linguistics is a new direction and relevant (works by N.V. Efremova [2012], Yu.A. Sotnikov [2013], N.V. Goncharenko [2014], E.A. Momot, A.A. Martirosyan, A.K. Gazaryants [2016], etc.). Some Aspects of this topic are discussed in the works on medical metaphors. Metaphor - (from Greek metaphora - transference) is a trope, the transfer of properties of one object (phenomenon) to another on the basis of a feature common or similar to both comparable members. As shown by observations on medical terminology, the largest number of terms with emotional coloration in traumatology and orthopedics, ophthalmology, general surgery, normal physiology, and least of all such terms in anesthesiology and intensive care. For example, in ophthalmology, terms such as golden rain, window to the brain, keyhole view, hole in the palm, mental blindness, star shapes, frog calves view, lacrimal sac, rabbit eyes are used. The connotation of emotionality is determined by the expression of the speaker's attitude to the concept; therefore, the emotionality of the word can be both positive and negative [4,17-20]. "Medical phraseological units, despite their figurative nature, reflect the exact clinical signs of diseases and syndromes, and winged expressions about medicine, originating in antiquity, enriched various types of science and art of subsequent centuries," wrote the Dutch artist, engraver, great master chiaroscuro and the largest representative of the golden age of Dutch painting, Rembrandt Harmens van Rijn. Phraseological - units are living sources of speech expressiveness. They are characterized by imagery and emotionality, which allows them not only to designate a phenomenon or an object, but also to express a certain attitude towards it. Proverbs, sayings, catch phrases, phraseological units - all this makes our speech richer and more expressive. However, stable combinations should be used appropriately, in exact accordance with their meaning. Phraseology is a stable indivisible combination of words, close in lexical meaning to one word, which can be replace with a synonym, in one word, for example: to mark on the nose - to remember; as in to look at water is to anticipate. Medical phraseological units vividly emphasize the external signs of the disease and thus clearly indicate a disease of the internal organs. Having studied phraseological phrases found in medicine, we will see that American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 33, October - 2024 167 | P a g e their sources were myths and legends, the animal world, the names of scientists, human organs, the way of life that surrounds him, professions, sports and much more (syndrome cat's cry, lion's face, harelip, bull's heart, Medusa's head, Achilles reflex, Hippocratic mask, Corvisard's face, Stokes collar). It should be noted that among the phraseological units according to the method of education, several groups can be distinguished. So, according to the main word, it can be: • phraseological units in which the main word means a part of the body (face Hippocrates, Corvisard's face, shoemaker's chest); • phraseological units in which the main word means a symptom ora physiological state of a person (coffee grounds-colored vomiting, gallop rhythm); • phraseological units, the main word of which is used figuratively (jellyfish head, Parkinson's mask, Stokes collar). Quite often in medicine there are phraseological units that can be divided into the following groups: • in which the adjective expresses a comparison with an animal: lion face, bull's heart, tiger's heart, goose liver, harelip, cleft palate; • in which the adjective expresses a comparison with objects based on Similarities: marble pallor, nutmeg liver; • in which the figurative meaning has a defining noun: vascular asterisks. •The shoemaker's chest is a congenital malformation and is characterized by a funnel- shaped chest, a sinking of the sternum and ribs, accompanied by various functional disorders of the respiratory and vascular systems. •The neck of the sphinx - the formation of additional skin folds (pterygium) on the lateral surfaces of the neck (in case of pathology of the genital glands-gonadal dysgenesis). Thus, we see that medical phraseological units denoting the main symptoms of diseases are quite numerous. Methods To achieve this goal, it is necessary to study and analyze literary sources. Everyone has heard such an expression “as if it were removed by hand”, and it is one of the most popular phraseological units that can be heard in a hospital, clinic, at home. In fact, this phrase carries the meaning of effective, rapid treatment. Another example is the expression “it will heal before the wedding”, which means that there is no reason for grief, and everything will recover soon. These were phraseological units that characterize the general state of a person. [2] When we hear about the ”Adam's apple", we immediately imagine the protrusion of the larynx, which is pronounced in men. But how many have thought about the origin of this expression? The history of this phrase is very interesting. It turns out that the name “Adam's apple” is connected with the legend about how Adam tasted the forbidden fruit from the tree of knowledge of good and evil, and the fruit got stuck in his throat. [1] Often in colloquial speech, when people see a person with a scar on the upper lip, they say that this person has a “harelip”, and everyone around them understands that this is a American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 33, October - 2024 168 | P a g e developmental defect consisting in non-infection of the upper lip and palate. This speech turnover shows that the name of animals can also serve as a source of the development of phraseological units. [3] These phraseological units can most often be heard in the relationship “doctor – patient” and “patient – patient". But do not forget that medical workers often use stable speech patterns when communicating with each other. So, if the doctor says “jellyfish head” then, most likely, he means the network of veins formed in the abdominal area, which is formed in various diseases. It is worth noting that a promising medical worker who wants to work abroad, for example, in Germany, should have some “phraseological minimum” so that he can understand his foreign colleagues and patients well. An example of such phraseology can be “GOMER (get out my Emergency Room)”, which literally means “get out of my emergency room”. This abbreviation, written by Homer, means the attitude towards patients (often feeble- minded) who have difficulty maintaining interpersonal communication. Another example is the expression “Morbus mediterraneum”, which means male patients of Southern origin are afraid to go to the doctor. An interesting fact is that such people prefer to be treated by a male doctor rather than a woman, believing that it will be more comfortable to feel and undergo the necessary procedures with a male doctor. Phraseological units may not be directly related to the medical field. They may be from everyday life. Therefore, a medical professional should be ready to hear from the patient the phraseological units most often used in this country. For example, if in Germany someone says “susse Reden, Kaltes Herz haben” (in the language of honey, and ice under the tongue), it means that this person notes someone's composure, insulting attitude towards others, causing pain. Duration of the study. The study was conducted for 4 months. The main outcome. The significance of phraseological units in medical activity is as follows: 1) Enrichment of the speech stock of medical workers 2) Formation of professional qualities 3) Development of clinical thinking 4) Self-education (study of the culture and language of other states) Research Design The design of the study was to collect certain information within 4 months, analyze it, and draw subsequent conclusions from this data. Conditions of the event The study was conducted on the basis of the Department of Foreign Languages of the N.N. Burdenko VSMU. Description of medical intervention There was no medical intervention. Analysis in subgroups There was no analysis in the subgroups. Statistical analysis No statistical analysis was carried out. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 33, October - 2024 169 | P a g e Results Phraseological units enrich the speech stock of people working in the medical field, contribute to the formation of professional qualities of future medical personnel, develop clinical thinking, help to get acquainted with the language and culture of other countries Discussion Since in the course of the work the main emphasis was placed on 3 literary sources, it is impossible to exclude the fact that the significance of phraseological units in medicine may be greater than was listed above. In conclusion, I would like to note that the knowledge of winged expressions will enrich the vocabulary of a physician and will be useful when communicating with colleagues, patients and their loved ones not only in the professional sphere, but also in everyday life. An employee of the medical field must be comprehensively developed, therefore, he must possess certain phraseological units and phraseological phrases and not minimize their significance. Reference 1.Большой энциклопедический словарь / Гл. ред. А. М. Прохоров. — 2-е изд. — переработанное и дополненное, с ил.; 2002. - 712 с. 2. Карапата, А.П. Диагностический справочник терапевта. - Киев: Здоровье, 1979. - 310 с. 3. Лазовскис, И.Р. Справочник клинических симптомов и синдромов. - М. Медицина, 1981. - 512 с. 4. Прохорова, В.Н. Русская терминология: Лексико-семантическое образование / В.Н.Прохорова. - М.: МГУ, 1996. - 126 с. 5. Телия, В.Н. Вторичная номинация и ее виды / В.Н. 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