American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 35, December - 2024 148 | P a g e DEVELOPMENT OF ECOPEDAGOGICAL EDUCATIONAL MECHANISMS FOR STUDENTS OF HIGHER EDUCATION ORGANIZATIONS Murtоzaeva Makhfuza Murtozaevna, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Acting Professor Uzbekistan State University of World Languages Uzbekistan, city Tashkent Abstract In the article there considered the issues of development of education as important factor in maintenance of ecological stability in the conditions of further deepening of democratic reforms and development of civil society. Also, materials related to ecopedagogy, and analyzes focused on scientific conclusions are highlighted. Opinions were expressed that students and young people should study the direct connection between man-nature- society, its place in the social society, and in this process should be an active citizen in protecting the environment. Keywords: Ecology, ecopedagogy, education, stability, safety, development. Introduction The Republic of Uzbekistan has chosen and has been realizing policy on construction of legal democratic state and civil society, formation of socially focused economy on the basis of market forms of economy, modern technologies, spiritual updating of society, integration into the world community successfully since the first days of independence. The state was the initiator of reforms in education. The state and society are integral components of National model of professional training, - “guarantors of training and demand for personnel which implement regulation of activity and control over functioning of education system and personnel training”. Basic component of National program is a person: “Primary goal and motive power of transformations realized in the Republic is a person, his/her harmonious development and well-being, creation of conditions and effective mechanisms of realization of interests of the person, change of becoming obsolete stereotypes of thinking and social behavior”. Sources of the choice of strategic direction of development of maintenance and organization of continuous education, elaboration of National model of preparation are extremely multifarious and have various natures. This explains the following. Education is almost connected with all kinds of public activities directly or indirectly: scientific, legal, economic, ecological and etc. All kinds of activity are projected in education to a greater or lesser extent. It indicates that education system is in essence a “mirror” of social and political system of the country, criterion of estimation of its economic level, important factor of social and moral development of members of American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 35, December - 2024 149 | P a g e society. In the tasks, functions, organizations and substances of education there reflected strategic targets of the state and society including ecological stability in society. The scientific review of the published literature in the field of formation of ecological culture in the conditions of a civil society shows that the given problem interests today teachers, philosophers, sociologists and representatives of not state-noncommercial organisations. In particular the role of ecological culture in formation of ecological stability in region investigates representatives of the state structures. An important source of studying of the present scientific problem is publications of ecological movement and other public organisations. Ecological stability is closely connected with social and economic issues and regulation of sustainable development of society. Ecological safety and stability in the region act on the forefront in connection with maintenance of food safety, preservation of healthy lifestyle of society members. Regulation of ecological stability acts on the forefront in connection with realization of reforms in the sphere of science and education. Maintenance of ecological stability becomes important component of regional safety, play the leading role on well-being and population health, and also on social and economic development of the country. In these conditions strategic targets of ecological stability are becoming radical improvement of state of environment, restoration and prevention of degradation of natural complexes, health protection of a person and creation of conditions providing improvement of quality and increase of life expectancy of population of the country. The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan I.Karimov noted that: “… relevant factor of all our achievements has become evolutionary and stage-by-stage way of development of Uzbekistan, based on five known principles and recognized in the world as “Uzbek model” reforms, and today life itself proves, how much correct is this way. Advantages and efficiency of our model of development indicate that natural, historical, national, demographic and ecological features inherent in Uzbekistan are comprehensively considered in it, and it has completely justified itself in practice” [1]. In Uzbekistan there accepted regulation of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan to achieve these purposes the decision from May, 27, 2013 “On the Program of actions on environmental protection of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2013-2017” [7: 200]. Practical value of the program is in the fact that in the conditions of modernization of economy and regulation of ecological stability there becoming actual a regular realization of environmental monitoring, conduction of ecological inventory of all possible sources of pollution, creation of theme stratum, methodical and standard legal base for realization of single territorial system of ecological monitoring in the territory of the Republic. It is necessary to note that a document has been accepted with a view of further maintenance of favorable state of environment and rational use of natural resources, introduction of ecological bases of sustainable development in economy sector, deepening scientific researches in the sphere of ecology. The Program is prepared on the basis of National plan of action on environmental protection of the Republic of Uzbekistan and directed on realization of nature protection American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 35, December - 2024 150 | P a g e actions regarding ecological support of economic reforms in Uzbekistan and creation of conditions for social and economic development and achievement of the purposes of sustainable development of the country. Proceeding from regulations of new Program ecological policy of the republic is directed on realization of transition from protection of separate elements of nature to general protection of ecological system, guaranteeing optimal parameter of inhabitancy of a person and harmonization of interrelation with mechanisms of development of branches of economy on principles of “green economy”. As a result of introduction in practice results of scientific researches, in the country there reached reduction in techno genic loading on environment from emissions and effluents of polluting substances, placing of production wastes and consumption and conducted activities on preservation of biological variety and stability of natural ecosystems, maintenance of ecological safety of population and territories of areas. The important factor in implementation of the program on environmental protection is considered financing of the events provided by the Program and realized at the expense of means of State budget of the Republic of Uzbekistan and which are subject to annual specification at formation of its address part for corresponding calendar year, proceeding from the possibilities of the Republican budget, the budget of the Republic of Karakalpakstan and local budgets. In total for realization of actions of the Program there will be allocated 89.39 billion soums, 1.635 billion US dollars and 57.63 million euro [7: 200]. The accepted program provides rational and complex use of natural resources, including water, ground, mineral and raw, and biological, stage-by-stage reduction of pollution of air quality, water and ground resources at the expense of introduction of non-polluting technologies and perfection of technological processes on manufacture, perfection of the mechanism of monitoring of surrounding natural environment for a regular estimation and drawing up of the forecast of its social and ecological condition, realization of a series of measures on restoration and improvement of ecological condition in the zone of ecological disaster of Priaral and other ecologically adverse territories of the country, maintenance of the population with pure potable water and improvements of the system of sewerage network and treatment facilities in big cities and population aggregates, development of scientific and technical potential and use of achievements of science and technology, preparations of competitive specialists in the field of environmental protection. So, from 2000 to 2013 the volume of consumption of bottom water decreased, and percentage of the salted earths reduced from 54 % to 48 % [4]. An important problem is also the account and rational use of potable water, reduction of unproductive losses of fresh water resources. Realization of state programs in this sphere allowed providing with centralized water supply of 100 % of cities, 99% of city settlements and about 78 % rural that in 4 times more than in the first years of independence of the country. Besides, in the republic there implemented national standards regulating emissions of polluting substances and carried out certification of vehicles on compliance with requirements of ecological class of Euro-3. The issues of recycling of wastes have not kept out as well. According to the national statistical American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 35, December - 2024 151 | P a g e statements there recently outlined a tendency to increasing number of organizations on processing and recycling waste. Their quantity makes today about 120 enterprises. The system of protected natural territories (PNT), now their total area is widened by 70 thousand in hectare; material and technological base of 10 basic protected natural objects is strengthened. Territories for preservation of rare and threatened species of biodiversity out of native habitat are created. It is necessary to note that 70 kinds of animals and plants have been excluded from Red book of Uzbekistan for the last fifteen years. At the event there also discussed complex program accepted in 2015 which consists of 14 regional programs [2: 14]. Its main objective is realization of variety of actions which are necessary for solution of existing regional problems. In Uzbekistan there conducted purposeful work on development of legislation and standard and methodical base in the sphere of environmental protection and nature management, perfection of work of the educational and methodical centers with a view of sustainable development and increasing professional qualification of employees and workers of ecological services, preparation and publication of the next edition of “Red book of the Republic of Uzbekistan”, the book photo album “Protected natural territories”. In the conditions of development of civil society in the country there held regular work for scientific and technical and legal maintenance of environmental protection, organization of monitoring system on environmental pollution and conducted trainings on ecological education of young generation, attraction of mass media to carry out regular work on increasing ecological culture of population in educational institutions of the country taking into account mentality of Uzbek people. As basic directions of regulation of ecological stability in the conditions of civil society act regulation of development of productive forces on the principles of economic viability and ecological tolerance, acceptance of new administrative decisions taking into account ecological factor. Uzbekistan actively participates in worldwide events on preservation and augmentation of biodiversity on the Earth. In the country there implemented the Project of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Development Program of the United Nations and Global Ecological Fund on National Planning in the sphere of biodiversity. The project covers a temporal period from 2011to 2020 in which will be realized a number of scale actions on environmental protection, performance of the strategic plan of the Convention on biological variety. The Republic of Uzbekistan has been a member of the Convention since 1995 [3], and for today there already accepted a set of measures on biodiversity preservation in territory of the country. In the conditions of deepening of democratic reforms it is necessary to pay special attention on deepening ecological education and population attitude development, perfection of the system of regional general ecological education, preparation and retraining in the sphere of ecology of pedagogical personnel for all levels of the system obligatory, additional education and public education, improvement of professional skills of heads of industrial organizations, elaboration of educational and methodical manuals in the sphere of American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 35, December - 2024 152 | P a g e ecology, maintenance of wide access of population to the ecological information with the view of formation of ecological outlook and culture. Thus, successful solution of environmental problems in the conditions of deepening democratic reforms and development of civil society assumes continuity and sequence of actions on realizations of nature protection events, obtaining maximum ecological efficiency, cooperation of all resources on achievement of overall aims, creation of conditions for investors’ participation in ecological projects, stimulation of managing subjects on nature protection activity and finally serves interests of harmoniously developed person. References 1.Speech of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov at solemn ceremony of the introduction into assumption of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Joint Sessions of chambers of Oliy Mazhlis//Narodnoye slovo. April 11, 2015. 2. National Program on Professional training. - Tashkent, 1997. - P.14. 3. Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan from May, 27, 2013 “On Program of actions on environmental protection of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2013-2017” - Novosti mail. ru., May 29, 2014. 4. Nature conservation regional programs of Uzbekistan for 2015, UZREPORT. UZ. March 26, 2015 5. Makhfuza Alikulova. Ecological Education and its role in upbringing harmoniously developed personality. Proceedings of The 5th Uzbekistan-Indonesia International Joint Conference on Globalization, Economic Development, and Nation Character Building. Gunadarma Publisher. Indonesia, October 29-30 2015. P. 124-126. 6. Makhfuza Alikulova. Continuous formation as the important factor in spiritually - moral education of youth. In the book: a modern science: actual problems and ways of their decision. Collection of scientific articles. Works of the International scientific conference “Modern science: actual problems and ways of their decision” (Russian Federation, Lipetsk, September 14). /Under the editorship of M.Ju. Levin. - Lipetsk: Open Company “Maximal information technology”, 2015. - Page 187-190. 7. Murtozaeva M.M. Ekopedagogika. Monografiya. – Toshkent: Fan va texnologiya, 2023. – 200 b.