American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 36, January - 2025 74 | P a g e SPECIFIC FEATURES OF GREEN ECONOMY REFORM IN OUR REPUBLIC Rasulova Mukhabat Tishabayevna, Head Teacher, Tashkent State Agrarian University, TSAU, Uzbekistan Abstract: The article provides information on the formation of a "green" economy, stimulating "green" growth and development. Keywords: Sustainable development, green economy, green growth, eco-innovation, new development model, low-carbon economy, sustainable development goals. Introduction In Uzbekistan, great importance is attached to the implementation of the system of ecological and economic measures, which remains an integral part of the reform of the entire national economy of the country. The priorities of the economic and environmental policy implemented in Uzbekistan are to create healthy living conditions for the citizens of our country. aimed at improving the efficiency of nature use and protection, using available resources without harming nature, and in this regard, the wide introduction of advanced technical and technological innovations. In this regard, the strategic goal of the state policy in the field of ecology is to preserve natural systems for the sustainable development of society and establish an ecological economy, to support their integrity, to support the functions of providing a comfortable living environment, to improve the quality of life and health of the population, and the demographic situation in the country. is to ensure environmental safety. In order to implement it, special attention is paid to the formation and consistent implementation of a single state policy aimed at environmental protection and rational use of natural resources in the field of ecology. The development of the modern economic system in the context of globalization changes, scientific and technical digital transformation and the emergence of new threats and threats leads to the emergence of unpredictable crisis situations, which occur in different trajectories and interact with each other. 'mystery takes on completely new forms. The main actors of market relations are the interaction between the state, the business sector and households. Among them, the formation and development of the green economy, according to the classical ideas of foreign authors, should be understood as an economic system that promotes sustainable economic development and improves the well-being and quality of life of the population. It is necessary to harmonize production and economic processes by ensuring ecological balance, reducing human impact on the existing ecosystem, and introducing ecologically oriented innovations and technologies. However, the green economy is currently considered by many authors as a certain "ideal state" of the economic system, which makes it difficult to develop concrete practical recommendations for the implementation of its principles and mechanisms in real conditions. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 36, January - 2025 75 | P a g e Assessment of the achieved level of development and the efficiency of green economy management is possible in the conditions of a clear understanding of the internal relations that arise in the process of socio-economic interaction between the main subjects of market relations. In this regard, the methodological aspect related to the formation and testing of acceptable approaches to determining the essence of the green economy as an important socio-economic category should be considered in the context of a number of evolutionary changes that contributed to its development. One of the most urgent issues of environmental policy in Uzbekistan is to solve the issue of responsibility for the damage caused to nature in the past, is being caused now, and may be caused in the future, based on the application of laws and economic mechanisms. The following can be included in the main directions of ecological and economic policy in these areas: In Uzbekistan is the issue of liability for damage caused to nature in the past, is being caused now, and may be caused in the future, based on the application of law and economic mechanisms. Directions of ecological and economic policy in these areas include: 1) From nature use and him/her protection to do of the state order to put economic sectors, characteristics of territories, development and protection of nature develop the level of performance in all aspects; 2) Ensuring state, departmental, industrial, regional and public environmental control, as well as improving the system of environmental licensing, certification, passporting; 3) Improving the mechanisms and increasing the role of state and public environmental expertise; 4) To the environment the effect strategic evaluation current to grow and his/her country and analysis of the situation at the regional level; 5) In industries and other sectors that carry out environmentally hazardous activities (in their enterprises), their harmful consequences prevent able to and them eliminate establishing specialized structures for; 6) Implementation of strategic forecasting in the ecological direction of the country's socio- economic development; 7) Creating favorable conditions for supporting and developing traditional farming practices for the use and protection of ecologically balanced nature (Figure 1). Figure 1. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 36, January - 2025 76 | P a g e The national economy of a country with its natural resources and objects affects the territorial ecological situation. Territories and the natural resources available in them play a decisive role in the formation of territorial complexes and the territorial ecological situation. Of Uzbekistan has regional differences in the quality, quantity, characteristics of its resources and, accordingly, the structure and level of their use. First of all, there are radically different extreme plains - deserts, highly developed and with a severe ecological situation - irrigated (anthropogenic) plains, mountain zones of extremely important ecological significance, and administrative-territorial units located in their territories, districts, regions, which comprehensively reflect the specific territorial-ecological situation of the regions. into account to take practical ecology in the economy important role plays. For example, pure desert, "pure" anthropogenic plain, "pure" mountain districts and farms, along with residential areas their these three zones of the territories various combinations from associations formed desert-anthropogenic plain, anthropogenic plain-desert-mountain, anthropogenic plain-mountain There are also forms. According to the results of a comprehensive assessment of the ecological situation in Uzbekistan, t he territory that fully meets environmental requirements occupies 26.5 percent of the country, where 47 percent of the country's population lives, and 43.3 percent (95) administrative districts and cities are located. In the critical ecological situation zone, these indicators are 36.2; 40.9; 41 (89); emergency, respectively. ecological situational in the zone 29.0; 12.2; 15.2 (32); ecological in the disaster zone 8.3; 0.1; 0.5 (1). Also, the ecological situation in the regions of our republic and the cities and districts included in them makes a significant difference. Such regional differences must be taken into account in the practice of ecological economics and Scientific and practical conclusions also to them suitable to be necessary. This for the purpose Uzbekistan It is also necessary to zone the territory according to the characteristics of the ecological situation. The drying up of the Aral Sea, one of the largest lakes in the world, due to negative anthropogenic impact within a generation, has become one of the largest global ecological disasters in recent history. Due to the rapid growth of the population and the sharp increase in the need for water, the rapid development of new lands, and the further development of irrigated agriculture, over the past fifty years the level of the Aral Sea has decreased by more than 4 times, the volume of water has decreased by 10 times, and its mineralization has increased by 10 times. Salt desert, covered with toxic salts, has appeared here, occupying large areas, leading to a sharp decline in the quality of the natural environment, severe degradation of ecosystems, and a deterioration in the ecological and economic environment and standard of living of the population. sharp decrease happened it has been. Island crisis consequences ecological stable development, this in the region living the population marriage level decreasing to leave road not to put and It can be eliminated by creating favorable living conditions and adhering to the principles of improving the existing ecology for the benefit of future generations. The Aydar-Arnasay lakes are also a new type of anthropogenic lake, called irrigation discharge lakes, which appeared as a result of the flooding of a large natural depression in a completely American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 36, January - 2025 77 | P a g e opposite direction to the drying up of the Aral Sea, as a result of strong anthropogenic impact on nature. Area 3175 sq. kilometers, water size 34 cube kilometers, length 350 kilometers, width 20-25 km and This lake system, which is not inferior to other natural lakes in terms of hydrological indicators, was established in 1969. Shardara water warehouse overflow as a result short within the period appearance it has been. Past forty A series of measures have been implemented here to stabilize the unique situation for more than a year. The Aydar-Arnasay lake system was granted the status of an internationally protected lake system in 2018 under the Ramsar Convention. The great danger of stopping the flow of water from the Sir Darya increases the risk of their drying up. The variability of the water flowing into the lakes, the fact that it is almost not regulated, and the existence of the dry lake bed occupying large areas is becoming an ecological and economic danger. They should be protected as a national treasure of our country, allowing the lake system to dry up and the second Aral tragedy to be repeated. For this purpose, the development of a special purpose program and the implementation of relevant projects on this basis are among the most urgent problems. It is important to identify the first priority tasks of establishing a new system that guarantees an optimal balance between nature and the economy in the direction of ecologically sustainable development of the economy and to find their solution. The main focus should be on solving the following problems: 1. Institutional and institutional frameworks that will allow for the establishment of a new model of economic activity based on ecological economics and the widespread use of ecologically oriented management methods. structural again see within economic activity environmentalization on account of achieve a radical improvement in the environmental situation 2. Energy and resource saver technologies public use, economy ecological orientation of the structure, personal and social role structure to carry out economic activities within the carrying capacity of ecosystems; 3. Development of a system of ecological and economic incentives for economic activities and its ecological results for responsibility borders designation, in this biosphere only resource deliverer as acceptance does not, maybe life basis (foundation) as acceptance will be done, him/her and preservation is a necessary condition for the existence and functioning of the socio-economic system and all its elements; 4. economic capacity of the country's regional and local ecosystems and determine the permissible limits of anthropogenic impact on them. The transition to ecologically sustainable development is coordinated in all spheres of social life. movements done increase demand does, such again in construction The social, economic, and environmental institutions of the state, which play a regulatory role, must also be reoriented accordingly. Uzbekistan has unique opportunities and conditions for a green economy. A large territory, a favorable geopolitical location, available financial and natural resources, a growing offer of increasingly efficient and accessible green technologies on the market, and other factors support new opportunities. The most important segments of the economy that require reform in terms of American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 36, January - 2025 78 | P a g e applying the principles of green development are the waste management sector, the energy industry, and the water consumption sector [3]. After the "RIO+20" summit, the forces of Uzbek society are focused on implementing the strategy of transition to a "green" economy. At the initiative of our President. developed a concept for the transition to a "green" economy. The concept first of all lists priority tasks aimed primarily at reforming certain sectors of the economy. Transition to a "green economy" are: increasing the efficiency of resource use and management (water, land, biological, etc.); modernizing existing infrastructure and building new ones; finding cost-effective ways to mitigate environmental pressure improving the well-being of the population and the quality of the environment through; improving national security, including water security (Figure 2). Figure 2. Conclusions and Suggestions In the process of studying foreign experience in the formation and development of a green economy in Uzbekistan, several important points can be highlighted. It is necessary to focus on developing and implementing a strategy for the transition to a green economy, which includes specific measures and tools to achieve this goal. This is about reducing greenhouse gas emissions. goals designation, again renewable energy sources development, encouraging the use of efficient technologies, etc. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 36, January - 2025 79 | P a g e Secondly, it is important to take into account the experience of other countries in the field of training and retraining personnel to work in green sectors of the economy. Education and training play a key role in the successful implementation of green projects and initiatives. Third, it is necessary to actively cooperate with international partners and organizations to benefit from their experience and expertise in developing a green economy. Collective action and knowledge sharing will help significantly accelerate the transition to sustainable and environmentally friendly development on a large scale, gives. Thus, studying foreign experience in forming and developing a green economy is of great importance for Uzbekistan in achieving its goals of sustainable development and combating climate change. REFERENCES: 1. Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PQ-436 dated December 2, 2022 “On measures to increase the effectiveness of reforms aimed at the transition of the Republic of Uzbekistan to a “Green” economy by 2030”. 2. Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated October 4, 2019 No. PQ-4477 “On approval of the Strategy of the Transition of the Republic of Uzbekistan to a “Green” Economy for 2019-2030”. 3. Uzbekistan Republic President's "2017-2021" in years again recovering Resolution No. PQ- 3012 of May 26, 2017 "On the Program of Measures for Further Development of Energy, Increasing Energy Efficiency in Economic Sectors and the Social Sphere". 4. Kalashnikov N.P. Alternative sources energy. -M.: Knowledge. 1997 g. - S. 27. 5. International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). Renewable Capacity Statistics 2017. - P. 2- 4. 6. http://www.irena.org/ Document Downloads /Publications/ IRENARE Capacity Statistics 2017. 7. Renewable energy sources, issues of sustainability and mitigation of climate change, Fazliddin Arzikulov, Universum 2020. 10(79). URL: https://7universum.com/ru/tech/archive/ite http://www.irena.org/%20Document%20Downloads%20/Publications/%20IRENA