American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 09, Oct., 2022 138 | P a g e DEVELOPMENT OF ROAD CONSTRUCTION, TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS INFRASTRUCTURES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN SAMARKAND Burxonov Sohib 73 rd Secondary School of Pastdarg’om District of Samarkand Region, Uzbekistan . Annotation This article organizes reforms and decisions made in the development of road construction and transport and logistics infrastructures in the development of tourism after independence in the Samarkand region, as well as practical work achieved in the development of this area. Keywords: communication, logistics, infrastructure, airport, railway, Afrosiob, transportation. Introduction A special place in the development of modern cities is occupied by the services of comunication, logistics, transport, and engineering infrastructures, which is why much attention is paid to this in the urban development of developing countries today. The development of this area creates, first of all, some amenities and opportunities in the living lifestyle of the townspeople. It also serves as an important factor in the development of the economic and social sphere in the life of the city. In the development of the infrastructure of the city of Samarkand, communication and logistics services were formed and well established during the years of Russian rule. An important place in this was occupied by the favorable geographical location of the city, as well as the variety of population composition in the city. During the years of independence, important decisions and decrees of the president of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Cabinet of ministers were adopted, which were directed in this area in the development of the cities of Uzbekistan. Even today, the city of Samarkand occupies a special place in the Republic with its service and developed communication networks. Samarkand has 1 khalkaro Airport, 1 railway station. Road construction: during the years of Independence, the routes of both, that is, the central parts of the city, new and old, and the main streets adjacent to them were straightened. Also, their width was expanded, asphalt was laid and strengthened in a new way, the sidewalks and ditches around the streets were improved, the appearance American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 09, Oct., 2022 139 | P a g e of trees was regulated, new ones were planted instead of those that became unusable, new streets were built, and they were decorated with pictorial windows, advertising elements . At the same time, today, some streets of the city and sidewalk are renovated, and it is important to eliminate such shortcomings in strengthening the position of Samarkand as a city where modern tourism is developed. The total length of roads and streets in the city of Samarkand is 833 km. makes up the. The length of the highways in the nationwide highway passing through the territory of the city of Samarkand is 37 km. of which 16 km. international, 10 km. state and 11 km. it is considered a local nationwide highway. A lot of streets in Samarkand, including in recent years Zekhny, Makhtumkuli, Ogakhi, Bahovuddin Marginani, Amir Timur, Al-Bukhari, Marqand, bucket, Khoja Akhrori Vali, Gidhosiddin Jamshid, Gagarin, Bibikhonim, A.Nabiyev and Jami streets 573.820 mln.so in the volume of M work, the current was repaired. As of January 1, 2017, a total of 37 km of roads were repaired and reconstructed in the city. Of this, the roads in international miqiyos are 16 kilometers, the roads of the Republican level are 10 kilometers and the local roads are 11 kilometers . In conclusion, it can be said that during the years of independence, construction work in the city of Samarkand is being carried out at an accelerated pace. The construction and reconstruction of the historical part of the city was carried out perfectly. At the same time, there were some shortcomings in the urban planning policy of the city, which was carried out in a timely manner. In particular, as a result of the growing population in the city and the increasing number of motor vehicles on the streets, problems arise in traffic due to the narrowness of the streets, some multi-storey houses under construction in the city center were built on the basis of an old-style template and this had its negative impact on the design of Also, the construction of the zamomavi high-rise buildings without taking into account the harmony between them also reduced the level of compatibility of architectural buildings in the city . Of course, these shortcomings can cause several inconveniences to both domestic and foreign tourists and tourists coming to the city. Transport infrastructures: the organization of transport services in the city is carried out in accordance with the resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated July 29, 1999 No. 368 “on issues of organization and holding of open tenders in suburban, intercity and international passenger transport automobile transport”. As of January 2015, the number of vehicles belonging to the total population in Samarkand is 43,360 units, of which passenger cars are 41,495 units, bus 112 units, minibus 274 units, truck 1,423 units, special and other transport 56 units . As of March 2016, in Samarkand there are 36 enterprises and private firms of fuel (gasoline) injection into cars, liquid gas filling (propane) stations for cars - 44 units, gas filling compressor (methane) stations for cars - 10 units . American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 09, Oct., 2022 140 | P a g e In Samarkand, the population is served today by 523 buses on 60 bus routes and 34 minibuses on 2 single taxi routes and 1,740 non-yunalish taxis. In the city of Samarkand, a total of 4 bus stations, namely “Siyob”, “Shohi-Zinda”, “Samarkand” and “Khazora”, operate . Since May 1, 2016, the implementation of payment on passenger public transport buses by token has also been introduced in Samarkand. This created a number of convenience in the payment of road fare by passengers, in the application of tokens purchased by plastic cards as a means of payment. To organize the sale of tokens, 15 companies were created on the territory of the city. Development of logistics infrastructures: today, avma flights connecting peoples with each other by air through the zamanani city logistics service also occupy an important place. From the first years of independence, efforts in this area were consistently carried out. Chunonchi, President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Biriichi in 1992 I.A.Karimov's decree on the establishment of the national airline” Uzbekistan Airlines " was adopted. Samarkand International Airport "Uzbekistan Airlines" has its place as a leading airport in the national airline. Samarkand International Airport is the gate of the ancient city of Samarkand. Samarkand International Airport is a dynamically developing enterprise that serves more than 300,000 passengers per year. It operates 24 hours a day, the length of the airport corridor is 310x49 meters, equipped with an ILS landing system in both directions, Samarkand City International Airport is connected with the regions of the Republic and foreign countries through the airfields of Tashkent International Airport. Since the first years of independence, large-scale construction work has been carried out at the City International Airport. The territory of the airport was rebuilt on the basis of the latest modern architectural projects. Some buildings here that did not meet the requirements of urban planning were moved, lush lawns, flower and ornamental trees were carried out, and the area was landscaped . In 1996, the first reconstruction was carried out at the Samarkand International Airport. In 2009, a complete overhaul was carried out, and the airport was equipped with the latest modern technologies, in 2017 an artificial runway (Suky) areas overhaul project was developed by AYeRO-yol Project LLC, the repair work was carried out by the Samarkand road expansion Unitary Enterprise of the State Committee for highways of the Republic of Uzbekistan and New Tech Samarkand LLC. Today, Samarkand International Airport provides regular flights of the most modern and comfortable aircraft Boeing - 747/757/767/777, A310/319/ 320, Il76/114. Also at Samarkand International Airport there are flights from Kiev, Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kaliningrad, Simferopol, Kazan, Yekaterinburg and Tashkent . In addition, since 2018, flights on the Samarkand-Istanbul-Samarkand route have been launched at the Samarkand airport. In order to turn the city of Samarkand into a free tourist area, the American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 09, Oct., 2022 141 | P a g e Samarkand International Airport is planned to air traffic with other cities of the world in the coming years. The service at Samarkand International Airport is also highly appreciated by other international organizations of the world. In particular, at the conference in Moscow in 2003, Tashkent and Samarkand airports were named the best airports of 2003. Also, in 2014, 2015, 2017, Samarkand Airport-Civil Aviation won many times in various nominations of the prestigious competition” best airport of the year in the CIS countries “following the results of the last year of the” airport “Association. So, today the service system at the Samarkand International Airport is implemented at the level of world standards. The railway station service also has a special place in the Samarkand City logistics service. The building of the Samarkand City Railway Station was built in the 80s of the last century, and it has a special position as a railway station of international importance. The city's railway station has not lost its position even today . Today, the train of our Republic and foreign countries runs from the Samarkand railway station. During the years of Independence, The Tashkent-Samarkand range is 160 km/h. the train “Registon” with high speed power was launched . In exchange for funds attracted by the Asian Development Bank, roads were restored on the Tashkent-Samarkand- Bukhara plots. Repair work was carried out at the Samarkand railway station in the 2000s. And in 2010, on the side of LLC" Architecturilish project", the surroundings of Samarkand Railway were improved. A unique design and an incomparable and beautiful area were erected there. The paths and corridors were expanded, beautiful pajarali fences were installed around them, flowers and ornamental trees were planted. The common diner located along the street, and shopping shops were rebuilt in a modern view, while the streets were expanded to pala-partish housing built in order to be demolished and residents moved to other Jos. Lights and night illuminations were installed on the streets to walk at night. So, the railway station was rebuilt as the entrance door to the city of Samarkand, the threshold of the city. The Tashkent - Samarkand electric train carrying passengers was launched in Samarkand on December 30, 2003 . In 2009, an agreement on cooperation on the railway route was signed between JSC” Uzbek railways” and the company "Talgo". At the initiative of the first president of the Republic of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov, a message was launched in 2011 “Talgo” passenger train moving on the “Tashkent- Samarkand-Tashkent” route No. 161/162 . As a result, the time of arrival from Tashkent to Samarkand decreased by almost 2 times. The new high-speed train was named “Afrosiyob” in honor of the ancient city located in the city of Samarkand. The train "afrosiob" covers a railway distance of 344 kilometers in 2 hours and fifteen minutes. "Afrasiyab" 250 km/h. the length of the high-speed train, which runs to speed, is 157 m.ni, height 4 m.ni having established, it includes 2 Lokomotiv and 9 such comfortable wagons: 2 VIP class wagons (11 seats), 2 business classes (26 seats), American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 09, Oct., 2022 142 | P a g e 4 economy classes (36 seats) and 1 wagon-bistro . It gives the train a modern look, first of all, its aerodynamic, impact-pressure design optimized for waves and side winds. All salons are equipped with soft comfortable reclining seats and a built-in table as well as a monitor for video viewing. All areas of the train are considered non-smoking areas. From 2015, Afrosiyob began to move from 2016 to the city of Bukhara, before the fast-moving train service. Since April 2018, Astana-Samarkand railway service has been established. In addition, trains in Almaty, Saratov, Volgograd and other foreign countries also run through the Samarkand Railway. Since 2017, President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.M.With the initiatives of Mirziyoyev, tram lines began to be built in Samarkand. Tram service was originally planned to run at 3 yunalish: Route 1 from Sattepo massif to railway station, Route 2 from Railway Station to Siyob market and Route 3 from Railway Station to chemists town. Tram line 1 was launched in the spring of 2017. 4 substations and 1 depot were built to provide electricity on the two-way commuter road. On the route of 7.2 kilometers in the Sattepo range, 8 trams move. In Samarkand, 20 tram services on 4 routes have been established . Construction work is underway on 2 tram lines operating today to provide taransport services to 12 tamwai residents and on the lines of the remaining 2 lines. So, the establishment of tram services in the city creates a lot of comfort in the service of city logistics. Also, as a result of the establishment of tram services, the streets of the city were expanded, the roads were repaired, the movement of cars was regulated and created a special design in the modern infrastructure of the city. List of used Literature 1. Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 828 of September 30, 2019 “on the effective use of the tourism potential of the Samarkand region and additional measures for its development 2. Sh. Mirziyoyev. We will jointly build a free and prosperous, democratic state of Uzbekistan. Tashkent - "Uzbekistan" - 2016 3. Kurakhmedov A., Sidikova M. During the years of independence, the city of Samarkand: creativity and tarakkiyot.S.2016 y 4. Airey David, Shackley Myra. Tourism development in Uzbekistan // Tourism Management, Vol 18, No. 4B 1197., Page 203 5. Based on the information provided by the Samarkand Regional Department of the Uzbek Agency of automobile transport. S.2018 year. 6. Turaev B. Turistsko-rekreasionny potential Samarkand region//market, money and credit. 2004. №10 (89), 53-54bets 7. Khodjaeva N. Sovershenstvovanie zheleznodorojnogo tourism V Uzbekistane, - / Ekonomicheskiy Vestnik Uzbekistana. 2010 №2. 68 STR. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 09, Oct., 2022 143 | P a g e 8. Sh. Mirziyoyev. We will build our great future together with our brave and noble people. T.2017 Internet Materials 1. hptt://www.tourister.ru 2. hptt://www.uzairways.com 3. https://meros.uz 4. https://mfa.uz 5. Uzrailpass.uz 6. www.interaktiv. 7. www.samarkand.uz 8. www.samarkandavtoyul.uz 9. www/uznature.uz http://www.interaktiv/ http://www.samarkandavtoyul.uz/