American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 09, Oct., 2022 225 | P a g e HISTORY AND FUTURE OF LANDSCAPING HORTICULTURE Muhabbat Davlatova Urmanovna, Assistant, Namangan Institute of Engineering and Technology, Namangan region, Namangan city, st. Kasansay, Uzbekistan, E-mail: davlatovamuhabbat3@gmail.com Annotation Beauty and purity are one of the simplest human qualities, which a person always strives for. From ancient times the people have been trying to make their habitats beautiful and prosperous. The article discusses the history of scenic gardening and floriculture, the prospects for its development. Keywords: Landscape gardening, floriculture, nature, archeology, medicinal plants, hanging gardens, dendropark. Man has appeared and he is enjoying the blessings of nature and its beauty. This means that man and nature are closely linked. Primitive people tried to find food and disease- causing plants that grew around their corner. Nature's green dress is in harmony with the colorful flowers, leaf branches and changes in their body structure. Flowers attract people with their variety and fragrant aroma. The desire for flowers is a sign of innate love for nature, which is inherent in man and passed down from generation to generation. Beautiful landscapes, flower beds lift the mood, refresh the spirit and give an aesthetic taste. In addition, the ability to enjoy these beauties, to feel it more deeply and to form the right attitude to it is a sign of human culture and aesthetic criteria. Archaeological excavations and the fact that the peoples of the ancient world used plants as food, medicinal and ornamental plants. From ancient times the peoples of Iran, India, Japan, Central and South America have used large and open-flowered wild plants, as well as medicinal plants, according to their needs. With these plants they decorated the places where they lived and they used them in medicine. In addition to giving people aesthetic pleasure, flowers have a tendency to be of great sanitary importance, such as protecting towns and villages from smoke, exhaust gases, and the like. Many plants have phytoncides (volatile substances derived from plants that kill bacteria). Parks and alleys are a kind of artery that cleans the city air. Trees and shrubs have a certain level of temperature fluctuations, increase humidity on hot days, have ameliorative and water-retaining properties. Green plants are especially important in combating certain situations and street noise that occur in various production processes. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 09, Oct., 2022 226 | P a g e Properly organized floriculture is a highly profitable industry. Therefore, floriculture, like other sectors of agriculture, should be developed on the basis of increasing productivity. In order to successfully solve these problems, specialists and florists must further enrich their knowledge, cultivate more common ornamental plants, increase their variety, and improve agricultural techniques. History of scenic gardening and floriculture. Research by our scientists shows that even a thousand years ago there were apricots, peaches, plums and similar fruit and ornamental plants. According to scientists, the first ornamental plants were lotus with roses. According to ancient monuments, these plants were used in society 5.5-6 thousand years ago, and lilies and chrysanthemums 4,000 years ago. An image of a rose was discovered by scientists on the island of Crete 3,500 years ago. In general, the spread of these flowers began 1000 years ago and reached Mesopotamia, India and Rome. In ancient Greece, the rose was dedicated to Aphrodite, the goddess of beauty, and her pyramid was surrounded by beautiful gardens of roses. The stone inscriptions found in Tel-El-Amaran indicate that ornamental trees were planted along the roadsides. "Hanging gardens" are located in a wide four-story towers, on the porches of which are planted palms, cypresses, fruit trees, unique ornamental plants, flowering plants. Information about fruit trees, flowering plants, and even the ancient gardens of Solomon, with its rare birds, has come down to us. Water gardens have a special place in the scenic horticulture of ancient Egypt. In the square pools in front of the Palace of the Pyramids, beautiful white and blue lilies and lotuses of Egypt are grown. In Italy, ornamental gardening is developed a little differently. In Rome, it was customary to decorate flat roofs and balconies with potted flowers. (Feast of Adonis). There are fish hanging pools on the roofs. In 500 BC, the Persians were the first to multiply parks with beautiful pools, strange flowers and ornamental trees. The Persians sometimes called it a "zoo" because of the presence of wild animals in these gardens. The emergence of ornamental horticulture in East Turkestan is inextricably linked with the origin and development of soil science, horticulture, vegetable growing in the peoples of the Middle East. These peoples have established trade and cultural ties with Afghanistan, Iran, India and Asia Minor. Passing through the cities of East Turkestan This is evidenced by the great Silk Road. The paintings on the walls of the pyramids, old inscriptions from different periods of history give us information about the flowers, vineyards and gardens of this or that country. For example, historical monuments of the X-XIV centuries show the prosperity of the Uyghur state. The life and living conditions of the Uyghur gardens are sealed in the paintings on the walls. The flower in the prince's hand, depicted in one of these paintings, is a symbol of peace. In the Far East, in Southeast Asia, American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 09, Oct., 2022 227 | P a g e especially in Korea, Japan and Vietnam, the unique art of gardening has existed since the XIII century. The peoples of these countries have developed a unique way of decorating with ornamental horticultural flowers, and have collected a very rich variety of such plants. Types of small plants include subtropical pine and ordinary deciduous trees and shrubs. Chrysanthemum is the main flowering plant in Japan and China. In the middle of the XIII century in the cities of Central Europe began to create special rooms for various exotic plants. For the first time on the Rhine, an attempt was made to create a winter garden. At that time, the use of exotic plants in landscaping was a new impetus for the development of ornamental horticulture. Botanical gardens were established in 1400 in Florence, in 1530 in Mantua, Rome and other cities. According to famous architects G.Gollvittsev and V.Virsing, these gardens are better than the gardens in Semiramis. In Prussia, Emperor Frederick III, King Charles V of France and his son Philip II planted gardens of oranges, lemon trees and various medicinal herbs in their palaces, and in special aquariums there were rare fish and even khans. fish. In the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries in Europe, the main species of ornamental plants were buttercups, tulips, daffodils, violets, lilies (bulbs), lilies, lilies of the valley. These are mainly European flora, and some plant species from the Middle East, consisting of some plant species from Asia and North Africa, gradually became part of them through botanical gardens. Onion plants also appeared in the botanical gardens. These include tulips, daffodils, roses, garden balloons, and buttonholes. In the 16th century, cherries and garden jasmine were first brought to Italy from Turkey. Later, flowers, mirabilis, tagitis, as well as some plants of North America were brought to Europe from tropical ornamental plants. In the second half of the 16th century, the number of private and public botanical gardens increased dramatically. Developed countries and some wealthy people organized expeditions at their own expense and sent tourists and scientists to bring plants from distant lands. The number of cultivated plant species in North America increased significantly by the 17th century. By this time, European ornamental plants included redbeckia, monarda, canada goose outlet, ornamental shrubs, some hawthorns, purslanes, and southern camellia. In Europe in the XVII century began to build greenhouses for the care of frost-resistant plants. In a short time, the greenhouses of large botanical gardens included tropical and subtropical plants from the Mediterranean, East and South Asia, Australia, New Zealand, Central and South Africa, India, the Atlantic and Pacific islands. In Central Asia in the XV-XVIII centuries, horticulture was very advanced. According to GA Pugachenko, in addition to fruit and ornamental trees in the gardens, there is a special place for various herbaceous flowers and greenery. . In connection with the opening of the Samarkand School of Gardeners in 1903, a dendropark consisting of 50 American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 09, Oct., 2022 228 | P a g e species of trees and shrubs was established on the territory of this school. The garden is planted with silver and blue el, pxiba, mammoth, tulip, American black pine and others. Today, very few of them are adapted to the conditions of Uzbekistan and produce seeds and fruits. References 1. Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On organizational measures to reform the fruit and vegetable and viticulture sectors." PF-3709- Farmoni. // People's speech - January 11, 2006 2. Bo`riev H.Ch., Abdurahmonov L.A., Djananbekova A.T. Floriculture. T., «Labor», 1999. 3. Vakulenko V.V., Zaytseva e.N., Klevinskaya T.M. and dr. Spravochnik tsvetovoda. M., Kolos, 1996. 4. Davrav Q. D. Biotechnology: scientific, practical and methodological bases. T.: 2008. -214 p. 5. http://www.gardenia.ru