American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 09, Oct., 2022 242 | P a g e STYLE-SPECIFIC INDIVIDUALITY Muftullayeva Gavhar Yusupovna Uzbek Language and Literature Teacher of the Specialised School in Navbahor Distict of Navoi Region E-mail: gavharmuftullayeva@gmail.com Annotation The article discusses the individuality of the style, the innovation of the artist depends on the internal factors that affect him, and analyzes the work of Alisher Navoi “Mahbub ul-kulub” are studied. Keywords: Style categories, internal and external factors, growing conditions, field of activity, talents and abilities. Foreword Style is a product of creative thinking, it is a factor that determines the level of the created work, to be more precise, its quality coefficient, regardless of the type of art. In literary studies, style and problems related to it are interpreted in different ways by different scientists, samples of artistic works are analyzed. As a result of the research carried out until now, the meanings of the creative style, the style of the artistic work, the style of the period, the style of the artistic flow, the national style, the external and internal factors affecting it, general and specific aspects have been revealed. It is a comprehensive and complex process, which is still being researched and analyzed. Literature Review The theory of style and related concepts were analyzed by Russian literary scholars in the second half of the 20th century. In this regard, A.N. Sokolov's "Theory of Style", A.V. Works such as Chicherin's "Ideas and Style" and G. N. Pospelov's "Problems of Literary Style" are noteworthy. Sokolov paid a great deal of attention to the theory of style, developed its theoretical foundations, analyzed and substantiated the law of style, categories, factors influencing it, social and historical foundations of style, and its internal laws. In "Ideas and style" created at the same time as this work, Chicherin thinks about the specific aspects of the works of representatives of Russian literature, the artistic style, the power of the artistic word, and the peculiarities of the creative style. According to him, "...literary study of the language of a work of art should lead to the depths of the writer's creative spirit, the uniqueness of his thinking, the formation of his feelings, and also reveal the essence of his ideas." So, style is formed on the basis of ideas. The system of styles is formed by the ideological content, in this regard the following points are appropriate: "Under the influence of the ideological American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 09, Oct., 2022 243 | P a g e content, an imaginary system, artistic method, genre, and artistic regularity appear directly, and this system of styles is directly defines properly." In classical literary studies, the issue of style was initially studied from the point of view of the artistry of the work, the poetic skill of the creator. In books such as A. Rustamov's "Navoyi's artistic skill" (Tashkent, 1979), and Y. Is'hakov's "Soz Sanati Sozligi" (Tashkent, 2014), created in the following years, Navoi's poetic skills, mainly his lyrics, are revealed. In literary studies, concepts such as style, in particular, Turkish style, national style, are reflected in the researches of A. Hayitmetov. The scientist's researches such as "Issues of Navoi's creative method", "From the history of the creative method of Eastern literature" later encouraged him to work on the issue of stylistic manifestations and his "A. Commenting on Navoi's artistic poetic style", "Styles of Turkestan and Khurasan", "About nationalism and nationalistic style in Uzbek literature", tendency of nationalism in Uzbek literature", "Magic poem" researcher Z. Kuvonov z mentions in the article. Even today, the issue of style in our literary studies is studied by a number of our scientists. The idea of researching the style of Navoi's works in three directions - lyrical, epic and prose works was put forward by A. Hayitmetov. Because the versatility of the artist's style mainly depends on the genre diversity of the works he created. The studied literature on style shows that such concepts as "poetic skill", artistic skill" are used in relation to the lyrical works of the creator, lyrical artistic arts, poetic systems are analyzed from the point of view of the creator's style. and the study of prose works has been left far behind. In recent years, the style of Navoi's prose works has been studied in the works of literary critic K. Ergashev. In the scientist's articles such as "Tradition and originality", "Factors related to the period in the formation of style", "Creative consciousness and style" in "Mahbub ul-Qulub", the attitude to the theoretical issues of style is noticeable. Research Methodology In the literature on the theory of style, the relationship between objectivity and subjectivity, the ratio of generality and unity in the image of an object are given as its categories. We know that these categories combine the generality and specificity characteristic of the style, the external factors affecting it, and the individual aspects characteristic of the creator. These serve to reveal the style of the work of art, its essence. Abdurauf Fitrat describes the generality characteristic of the style through signs such as order, purity, tone, openness, and harmony, which should be reflected in all styles, and the specific side is characterized by similes, similes, irony, metaphor, revitalization, exaggeration. a, expresses his opinions about resistance, encouragement, etc., which are reflected through signs that appear differently in each artist. The researcher K. Ergashev explains the generality characteristic of the artistic style with the traditions of the time, and evaluates the particularity in it, that is, the originality of the artist's style, as a product of the evolution of creative consciousness. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 09, Oct., 2022 244 | P a g e The literary critic states that "Among the factors related to the period affecting the style, there are also individual factors that influence it", and lists the following factors: - The personality of the creator, his aspects and his characteristics; - Social affiliation; - Growing conditions; - Field of activity; - Talent and ability given by nature. The above-mentioned factors are the basis for the originality of the artist's style, and it is different for each artist. Because the evolution of creative consciousness put forward by the literary critic takes place and develops under the influence of the above factors. The differences between the style of an author's first work and the style of his later works are related to this evolution. We quote the attitude of the Russian poet Turgenev to his work in the early years: in the poem "..."Parasha" he continues the tradition of Pushkin's realistic style, in the poem "Conversation" he joins the romantic style of Lermontov, in "The Landlord" he It is written in the style of Gogol and the natural school. Q. Ergashev talks about Navoi's style of individuality and reveals some aspects related to the creative mind on the example of his prose works. In this work, we tried to classify individuality in the style of Navoi's work "Mahbub ul-Qulub" according to the factors mentioned above. Analysis and Results Navoi's personality, his character traits are reflected in his artistic works. It is natural that Navoi's ability to think deeply, to think on a broad scale, and to deeply perceive the events While analyzing the style of "Mahbub ul-Qulub" and the internal factors that influenced it, we should first of all pay attention to the characteristics of the author of the work, his creative aspects. These factors are the first factors affecting the style of the work. The first part of "Mahbub ul-Qulub" reflects on the representatives of forty social classes, and the second part consists of Navoi's reflections on religious and moral concepts. Didactics is noticeable only in the third part of the work, but even then Q. Ergashev says in his article, "... the author adds exhortation along with exposure." During the analysis of the specific aspects of the work, we will witness a deep observation characteristic of Navoi, which is the first to be noticed and encourages us to read more. A deep approach to the issue, an effort to prevent the expressed opinion from becoming just an opinion is clearly visible in the author's sentences. An example of this is his thoughts expressed in the zikr of astrologers. For Navoi, predicting from the dome of the sky and the stars and predicting their actions for good or evil is ridiculous. The fact that he reinforces his thoughts with the example of a pomegranate is the result of Navoi's deep observation. If Navoi thinks about forty social classes in his work, he proves each of them through such allusions and similes, which creates American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 09, Oct., 2022 245 | P a g e inner satisfaction and satisfaction in the reader. His comments on the zikr of scribes also attract attention: The scribe is the keeper of the word Shuaro and the treasurer of the word cellar. Hozin's profession is a trust and management is a betrayal. (p. 13) Navoi highly appreciates the art of secretarial work and deserves high descriptions such as the one who decorates the pages with the words of the poets and the treasurer of the word cellar. He places the responsibility of the secretary at such a high level that the poet entrusts his words to him. The use of such appropriate allusions is a sign of broad thinking characteristic of Navoi's creative style. One of the individual factors influencing Navoi's style and playing an important role in its formation is his social affiliation. The artist's social origin does not fail to influence his style, and this is reflected in every work he creates. Navoi's status and role in social life is known to us from history. "Makorim ul-Akhlaq" contains the following sentences: When the great scholars get the opportunity to participate in his high-level gatherings, ... when they have the honor of sitting on one side of the blessed carpet on which ul Hazrat sits, delicate they picked the gems of thoughts and elegant words. These sentences are related to Navoi's work as an emir, and show that he is the owner of an inimitable talent in addition to his high career. Of course, the work "Mahbub ul-Qulub" created by a writer with such a unique talent in the last years of his life is not without "delicate thoughts and elegant words". The main reason is that he addresses almost all the social classes in which it is natural to meet in marriage. and in addition, he is active and self-sacrificing in every aspect. The words mentioned in the zikr of ministers, muftis, mudarris, judges, sheikh ul-Islam, yasovuls, black cheriks, incompetent sadrs, viceroys, Islamic religious begs only show the aspects related to the field of activity of his style. Only a person who knows the role and duties of the country, the king, ministers and officials in its destiny, can create such a unique masterpiece. Navoi was just such a person, and this greatly influenced the style of his works appening around him is characteristic of all the great scholars of the East. However, the complex of thoughts circulating within the framework of thinking is revealed by each artist using different words and different methods. Even two creators can use the same word in different meanings, and vice versa, the same concept can be reflected through different words. It is this feature that determines their stylistic uniqueness. In many literatures, "Mahbub ul-Qulub" is evaluated as didactic literature written in the spirit of pandnoma. Without denying the existence of a didactic spirit in the work, the researcher K. Ergashev does not prefer to look at this work in the series of works such as "Nightmare" and "Gulistan" and points out its unique aspects. According to the scientist, Navoi in "Mahbub ul-Qulub" was able to master the best features of the prose before him and at the same time he was able to break through the shell of existing traditions. Historical sources indicate that Navoi grew up in the circle of scholars and virtues. This, of course, had an impact on his creative mind. It would not be correct to American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 09, Oct., 2022 246 | P a g e associate the high perception and deep observation of his style with only the external environment in which he grew up, in which the innate ability given by God also plays a big role. For the proof of our opinion, we turn again to "Makorim ul-Akhlaq": In his childhood, very wonderful and unexpected words came out of the blessed tongues of ul Hazrat, and those who heard these words were drowned in a sea of amazement. Increasing the artistry of the work by creating beautiful sentences is especially noticeable in the third part of "Mahbub ul-Qulub". As Navoi dwells on good and bad virtues and vices through reprimands, the sentences he created and the thoughts he expressed can be shown as a bright example of Navoi's high style, in the words of Y. Is'hakov. The scientist mentions the extreme diversity of the inner layer as the main feature of the Navoiyan style, i.e., the embodiment of silence, grandeur, emotionality, meaningfulness, thoughtfulness, restraint, etc. We see all these features precisely in reprimands. As an example of deep meaningfulness and thoughtfulness, we quote the following rebuke: To find skills is to teach, and to cover faults is to dress. The old chortora ton given in the neighborhood is generosity, the zarboft charkhab given for free is shakavat. If you say that your food will not go to waste, and if you wish that your clothes will not wear out...(p. 45) Finding the good aspects of a person is equated to treating him with food, and hiding his bad aspects is equivalent to wearing clothes. Of course, such appropriate representations are related to Navoi's inner life, inner pain and activities. Because we know well from historical sources that during his tenure as an emirate, he was generous. The magnificence and emotionality of Navoi's style are also reflected in the reprimands: Hilm is the garden of excellence of the human body and the mountain of jewels of the human world. Hilm can be said to be the anchor of a human ship in the Hawadis river, and humanity can be compared to a stone of measure...(p. 47) Such allusions to Hilm, i.e. gentleness, suppression of anger, restraint It is not difficult to understand that Navoi's unique talent, ability, and moreover, his character traits, express self-restraint. His poetic skills and individuality in his creative style fully correspond to the above-mentioned factors. Conclusion and Recommendations Analyzing the characteristics of the Navoi style, we conclude that the basis of the style, its important features, are mainly determined by the character of the creator, the ability and talent given by nature, the way of life, and the activity, and the traditions of this period prevail over external factors. That is why it is good to pay attention to the following aspects in order to identify and analyze the individuality of the artist when studying his style: - Determining whether sentences in a work of art are short or long; - Paying attention to how he uses auxiliary words; - Searching for temperamental aspects from the sentences in the work. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 09, Oct., 2022 247 | P a g e Books 1. V. Chicherin. Idea and style. Moscow, 1968. -S. 157. 2. Sokolov A. N. Theory is style. M.: Iskusstvo, 1968. -S.137. 3. Z. Kuvanov. Study of the problem of style in classical literature. "Eastern Star", 2011-2. 4. Issues of the history of Uzbek literature. Collection of articles. Tashkent, 1978. pp. 9-16. 5. Q. Ergashev. Tradition and originality in "Mahbub ul-Qulub". Uzbek language and literature. 2005. Number 1. Page 16. A. Navoi. Mahbub ul-Qulub. www.ziyouz.com library. Page 17. 6. G'. Khondamir. Makarim ul-akhlaq. Youth publishing house. Tashkent, 2018. Page 35. 7. Y. Is'hakov. Dictionary of word art. Tashkent, 2014. Page 310. 8. Abdurauf Fitrat. Selected works. Volume IV. Tashkent, "Spirituality". 2006.