American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 10, Nov., 2022 255 | P a g e LEXICOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION OF MEDICAL SPEECH AND MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY IN UZBEK AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES Kayumova Nilufar Hotam kizi ASMI Department of Foreign Languages English Teacher Abstract It is no exaggeration to say that terminology is the brain of all fields. It is impossible to imagine the field of medicine without terms. This article talks about the linguistic features, uniqueness, translation mechanism of the terms used in English and Uzbek languages. Keywords: term, term, linguistics, translation, feature, mechanism, abbreviation. INTRODUCTION A term (including scientific and technical terms and terms of organizational and administrative documents) is any unique natural or artificial language unit (word, phrase, abbreviation, symbol, combination of words and letters, a combination of words and numbers), has a special terminological meaning that can be expressed verbally or in another formalized form as a result of a self-formed or special conscious collective agreement, and the main features of the relevant agreement are very clearly and fully reflects, and it is a concept that is important at a certain level of scientific and technical progress. A term is a word that is necessarily associated with a certain unit of the corresponding logical-conceptual system in terms of content. MAIN PART In English scientific and technical terminology, there are many terms that consist of several components. For example: Read-write head for magnetic tape unit Dynamic pulse storage unit1. Such multi-component terms, according to linguists, are divided into two types: 1 Розенталь, Д. Э. Словарь-справочник лингвистических терминов [Текст] / Д. Э. Розенталь – М. : Просвещение , 2017. – 543 b. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 10, Nov., 2022 256 | P a g e 1) Inseparable terms of the phrase; 2) Separable terms of the phrase. Fixed terminological expressions are much easier to translate than compound words - terms, because all the components in them are grammatically created, which helps to reveal the semantic relations between them. Grammatical design can be expressed in terms: - Additions (tailless plane, selective communication); - Prepositions (system of axes, system of equations); - Finishes (threewheeled bycicle, controlled system). A more or less clear specialization of affixes is carried out in biological and medical terminology, that is, the terms are mainly built from Latin and Greek roots. Modern medical science mainly uses Latin terms or lexical elements of the Greek language. Some medical terms are obsolete and fall into disuse, others are changing their meaning, and new terms are emerging to represent new scientific concepts. Medical terminology is the language used by doctors of various specialties. It should be clear to the reader and listener regarding the concepts. The term enters the general lexical system of the language, but only through a certain terminological system (terminology). The characteristics of the term were determined: - Consistency - Availability of definition (for many terms) - A tendency to monosemy within its terminological field, i.e. the terminology of a certain discipline, science or scientific school - Lack of expression - Stylistic neutrality It can be observed that terms can be borrowed from another language, as well as created from the morphemic inventory of one's own language or from international elements. A term as a linguistic unit is subject to the phonetic and grammatical laws of this language. The structural and semantic features of terms are manifested in the field of word formation, where there is a specialization of individual formators characteristic of terminological models. To describe the structure of a term, the concept of a term element is used - the minimum important component of a term. In connection with the internationalization of the language of science in the 20th century. in scientific terminology, it has a specific weight of terms formed on the basis of Greek- Latin elements. Terminology is a set of terms within a certain professional language. This is the most mobile part of the vocabulary2. Our analysis of English medical terminology shows that letter abbreviations appear in all four types: 2 Капанадзе Л.А. О понятиях «термин» и «теминология» // Развитие лексики. М., 2015. b.75 – 86. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 10, Nov., 2022 257 | P a g e 1. Clear abbreviations: C (cough) - yo'tal (in Uzbek). 2. Two-digit abbreviations: AB (antibiotic) - antibiotik, BP (blood pressure) - qon bosimi, BT (blood test) - qon testi. 3. Three-digit abbreviations: ANS (autonomic nervous system) - avtonom nerv sistemasi, CVS (cardiovascular system) - yurak-qon tomir tizimi, DNK (deoxyribonucleic acid) - DNK. 4. Four-digit abbreviations: TWBC (total white blood cells) - oq qon hujayralari soni, EDUD (eating, drinking, urinating and defecating) - oziq-ovqat va suyuqlik iste'moli, siydik chiqarish va defekatsiya normaldir. Traditionally, the term should be clear, concise and express a well-defined concept. It should also be devoid of ambiguity, synonymy, homonymy, metaphor. However, general terms, particularly medical terms, do not always meet these criteria. Sometimes the same term includes extremely wide meanings, for example: "bladder" - qovuq; kist; bo'shliq. And sometimes, depending on the context, the meanings of the term can even be contradictory. For example: "bleeding" - qon ketish (tomir nuqsoni natijasida qonning o'z-o'zidan chiqishi) and "bleeding" - qon ketish (tibbiy muolaja natijasida qon ketish). References 1. Rosenthal, D. E. Dictionary-reference book of linguistic terms [Text] / D. E. Rosenthal - M.: Education, 2017. - 543 b. 2. Aksenova G.N., Kozhukhova N.E., Sharapa A.A. Features of the linguistic and logical-conceptual aspects of the study of medical terms// 2014/42.html. 3. English-Russian Medical Encyclopedic Dictionary (under the editorship of Acad. Chuchalin A. G.) - M., 2015. 4. Arnold I.V. Stylistics. Modern English: Textbook for High Schools 7th ed. - M.: Flinta: Science, 2005. - 384b. 5. Kapanadze L.A. On the concepts of "term" and "teminology" // Development of vocabulary. M., 2015. b.75 - 86. www.ziyonet.uz