American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 11, Dec., 2022 184 | P a g e MEASURES TO PREVENT CRIME AMONG WOMEN – GIRLS Marguba Makhsudovna Nosirova Senior Lecturer of the “Theory of Civil Society” Department of Andizhan State University, Republic of Uzbekistan Abstract In the article, measures aimed at preventing crime among women and girls are thoroughly analyzed with the help of scientific literature and information from contemporary press publications. Keywords: women, migration, crime, rural, urban, global. INTRODUCTION As you know, migration is a Latin word that means "to move", meaning the movement of people from one area to another in order to change their place of permanent or temporary residence. The concept of migration and its classification are considered by various specialists - sociologists, demographers, economists, psychologists. Recently, it has gained a global scale and has a great impact on the economic development of the countries associated with it. People migrate for various reasons: someone is happy to move from the countryside to the city, others change the region, and the third - the country of residence [1]. RESEARCH METHODS There are certain trends and patterns that hold true for all types of migration. Thus, often the movement has economic reasons. People expect to improve their well-being in a new place through a new job or education. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS If we talk about the international labor market, the following main directions of migration can be distinguished: • unskilled workers migrate from developing countries in Asia and Latin America to economically prosperous countries; • between countries with approximately the same level of development, who have migrated for family or socio-cultural reasons; American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 11, Dec., 2022 185 | P a g e • both ordinary workers and educated professionals travel from the CIS and Eastern Europe to Western Europe and America; • Qualified professionals (doctors, engineers, teachers) travel from developed countries to developing countries and are attracted by both fixed income and change of habitat (nature, lifestyle, cultural characteristics) [2]. Nationally, visitors are attracted to major settlements. The richer the city, the more opportunities it has, and the faster its population will grow at the expense of immigrants. It is believed that when choosing between two places of interest, the migrant prefers the closest one. Although with the development of transportation, distance no longer plays an important role in choosing a new place of residence. A characteristic feature of the modern migration process is the variability of the migration composition. In the past, the economically weaker sections of the population had the easiest time on the road: ordinary unskilled workers looking for work, rural laborers hoping to find their land. In the last few decades, there has been a mass migration of specialists: often highly qualified people in their field, even educated people with degrees, go abroad to seek their fortune. According to reports compiled by the International Organization for Migration, the number of international migrants in 2010 was more than three percent of the world's population. Global migration has covered almost all countries of the world. Most of this mass belongs to Russia. In recent years, the flow of visitors from Ukraine and Belarus, as well as from Central Asia, has increased. Most of them are temporary labor migrants. But there is also an opposite trend: migration analysis shows that the number of Russians who want to settle abroad is also increasing[3]. No organization, including the General Directorate of Internal Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (former FMS), can provide exact figures on the number of migrants entering and leaving the country. There are several reasons for this. First, they are illegal. Most of them enter the country under the guise of tourists and are not officially considered immigrants. Despite widespread tightening of migration laws and increased border controls, the number of illegal migrants remains high. There are no exact statistics on those who left the country. Thanks to the law on second citizenship, the migration service can count how many Russians have received foreign citizenship or residence permits. If a Russian permanently lives abroad, does not provide any information about himself to the General Directorate of Internal Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and does not pass the consular register at the place of residence, he is not included in any official report [4]. In general, the factors affecting the process can be divided into attractors and repulsors. They turn away from something good or something bad. It includes armed conflicts, wars, environmental disasters. In such cases, people have no other choice - forced emigrants save their lives and health. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 11, Dec., 2022 186 | P a g e The main factors that make people pack their bags are economic problems. Most immigrants go to another region or country in order to find a well-paid job. But this is not the only reason that motivates people to travel. Most of them not only want to earn money, but also want to stay forever in a new country. Irreversible migration is encouraged by various benefits and advantages. A mild climate, high standard of living, reliable social security, political freedoms and access to good education may attract attention in other regions or countries. Such a complex phenomenon can be viewed from different perspectives. Accordingly, the types of population migration are classified according to different criteria: • territorial; • temporary; • by implementation; • cause. In addition, the process can take place with or without violation of the law. Legal migration is only the tip of the iceberg: according to experts, illegal immigrants make up a large part of the total migration flow. Migration within the country or another territorial unit (district, region) is called internal. People move from villages to cities, from one province to another. Migration processes do not only involve moving people to the same settlement. External migration is related to crossing the state border, and is divided into emigration - the departure of the population and immigration - the entry of foreigners into the country. In turn, it can be intracontinental and intercontinental. The difference between the incoming and outgoing population is called the migration balance, which can be positive or negative. Negative migration is used to refer to the phenomenon in which the number of people leaving exceeds the number of new arrivals. In many developed countries, the birth rate is falling, which leads to an aging population and a general demographic crisis. Replacement migration can keep the population at the same level, with natural decline offset by the influx of foreigners. Transit migration is the movement of migrants through the territory of a country on the way from the country of origin to the country of destination. Such a transit phenomenon is typical for countries bordering more prosperous host countries. For example, the flow of foreigners from Asia flows to Europe through Russia, Belarus and Ukraine. Illegal immigrants from African countries tend to go to Germany or Sweden, but for this they have to transit through the territory of Turkey and Greece. Temporary and permanent migration are divided according to the time the migrant spent abroad. Temporary migration is resettlement to a country under the conditions that the migrant must return to his country after a certain period of time. The goal of temporary migrants is not to find a new place to live, but to find a well-paid job. The shortest is called the pendulum migration, where regular daily trips are made to and American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 11, Dec., 2022 187 | P a g e from work or school. This happens in rural areas close to large cities, as well as in border areas. Seasonal migration is a phenomenon in which a foreigner's stay in the country is related to the performance of seasonal work and does not last more than a few months. Usually such workers work in agriculture and after a year they have to return to their country after the end of the season, despite the possibility of extending the contract. Short-term migration lasts longer - up to one year, the contract with the employer is valid. Long-term migration means that a specialist will work abroad for one to several years. Repatriation or remigration is the reverse process, where migrants return to their home country after spending some time abroad. Reverse migration also occurs during repatriation, when people return to their ancestral homeland. In contrast to temporary migration, permanent migration is determined by the desire and ability of the migrant to permanently settle in a new place. When talking about the importance of different types of migration, it can be noted that if temporary migration affects the economic development of the region, stationary (permanent) migration also changes the demographic profile of the country. The decision-making method makes it possible to distinguish between voluntary, forced and forced migration. A person decides to act voluntarily. Examples of forced migration can be refugees who have left areas where hostilities are taking place, as well as forced migrants - this is the name of refugees who have not left their country, but have moved to another region of it. Forced migration - deportation - when people are removed from their country of residence against their will. An example is the mass immigration of Africans to the Americas. Migration can take many forms, depending on the reasons that motivate people to move: • economic; • social; • cultural; • political; • military. As mentioned above, the most common reason for moving is the desire to improve their well-being. It is they who are driven by the flow of temporary and permanent labor migrants. Social reasons include the desire to change their level and lifestyle. This is, for example, moving from a village to a big city, entering a foreign university. Immigration through education is one of the most common ways to change the country of residence. It also includes family reunification, relocation to the place of residence of the future spouse. Cultural reasons motivate believers to make annual pilgrimages to holy places, and immigrants to return to the places where their ancestors lived. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 11, Dec., 2022 188 | P a g e Political migrants - refugees are persecuted and persecuted in their homeland for their beliefs. Political migration was common during the Soviet era, and dissent was punished. If armed conflicts drive people from home, we talk about military migration. These are refugees who are threatened with shootings and bombings, not by the political regime. What do migration processes lead to? The consequences of an event, like the causes, affect many aspects of life. First, the economic situation is changing. Centers of attraction for migrant workers receive additional reserves, which accelerates economic growth, lowers labor costs and increases unemployment if the labor market is saturated. CONCLUSION Therefore, the migration policy of many countries has strict professional selection and quotas: only those who are in demand come. In places where the population has been leaving, the rate of development is slowing down, but the unemployment rate is falling. Permanent migration can change the demographic picture - new arrivals join the ranks of the working population. A large number of immigrants belonging to the same nationality can change the cultural environment of the region - language, religion, customs, if there is no assimilation - complete dispersion among the local population. REFERENCES 1. Abdurazzakova M. World history of the second half of the 20th century.-Tashkent: National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan, 2000.-p.8. 2. Ergashev Sh. World history: (New era. Part II. 1800-1918 years).-Tashkent: Uzbekistan, 2015.-P.43. 3. Nuriddinov E.Z., Mirzayev G.R. World history.-Tashkent: Innovatsiya-Ziyo, 2021.- p.45. 4. Migration processes among developing countries: the Middle East.-USA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998.- P.24.