American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 11, Dec., 2022 199 | P a g e SOCIOLINGUISTIC BASIS AND FEATURE OF WORDS BORROWED FROM ENGLISH INTO GERMAN Abdumannonova Sevara Akram qizi Master's degree of universeteti of World Languages of Uzbekistan Abstract This article is devoted to the problem of borrowing, which already has an established tradition in linguistics. That is, it describes the sociolinguistic features of the words adopted from English to German. Keywords: Linguistic, grammatical, lexicographic, dictionary, semantic, contextual, terminological, structural, category, description, category. Despite the large number of works devoted to English-American borrowing in the German language, the appeal to these problems is determined by the need for a new theoretical understanding of this linguistic phenomenon and the emergence of many new materials that characterize the current stage of development of the German language. Thus, in the interpretation of a number of theoretical questions on the problem of borrowing, there is no unanimous opinion on the concept of borrowing, there is no clear transparency of the term, as well as a linguistic description of its structure in the system of the borrowed language. From the point of view of structurally ordered groups, it is necessary to create a theoretical model of categorical description of borrowed units and supplement the theoretical lacuna, which is increasingly felt. In addition, the modern linguistic-cultural situation is characterized by an intensification of the process of Anglo-Americanization of the German language, which is a reflection of the general expansion of the English language in the world. In this regard, in the modern era, the need arises to determine the role of English in the process of internationalization of languages. The materials used in our study (unlike previous works) serve as catalysts for changes that will later be applied to the literary language. New nominations are recorded in the texts of the media, creating a "linguistic image" of social reality. It is noted that in this area of communication, the frequency of use of borrowing is as important as in other areas. Lexicographic references require quick correction of new debts, which tend to appear with a certain delay interval. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 11, Dec., 2022 200 | P a g e These circumstances that characterize the current stage in the development of borrowing theory and practice determine the relevance of this study and its main goals: 1. Development of a theoretical model for the categorical description of borrowing; 2. Identification of current trends in the process of internationalization of languages. The scope of dissertation tasks is characterized by solving the following issues: - description of the modern development trend of the German language associated with borrowing and determination of the role of the English language in the process of internationalization; - justification of the possibility of applying the concept of a category in the description of borrowing and explanation of its structure; - set the main categorical parameters of borrowing; - enter the concept of system and define its constitutions; - describe the main structural-semantic types of borrowing; - determine the relationship of the structural and semantic features of borrowing with the degree of integration in the receptor language and draw up their classification based on these criteria; -comprehensive analysis of English-Americans in modern German according to the selected groups. The complexity of the research object and the variety of tasks predetermined the need to use an integrated approach to the analysis of the material. The general methodological basis of the study was the combination of an inductive with a hypothetical-deductive method. The work uses traditional methods of semantic description, including: analysis of dictionary definitions (structural analysis), contextual interpretation, transformational analysis, as well as onomasiological and semasiological description of debts. The main content of the dissertation is aimed at defending the following provisions: 1. Currently, the internationalization of languages continues in the mainstream of Anglo-Americanization, which is mainly manifested in the filling of various terminological subsystems by Anglo-Americanisms. 2. Borrowing is the implementation of a special lexical category that creates an inter- systemic level. 3. The borrowing category has a field structure based on the principle of integration. 4. The integration of debts in the receptor language is determined in different structural and semantic types. 5. Modern German is characterized by intensive bending formation both on the basis of assimilated borrowing and on the basis of non-assimilated units of various structural models. These rules determine the theoretical significance of the study, which consists in the sociolinguistic interpretation of modern language trends, in the further development American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 11, Dec., 2022 201 | P a g e of the theory of borrowing from the point of view of presenting a holistic concept of this lexical phenomenon that reflects inter-linguistic processes. The formation of such a concept was facilitated by the understanding of the facts of language and the application of the concept of a category as a linguistic-theoretical structure used in the description of any (not only grammatical) Language units. The scientific novelty of the work consists in separating the category of borrowing, developing the theoretical model of borrowing as the units that make up the "intersystem". Also, the concept of an intersystem, which indicates a special status in this category, is introduced and described for the first time. From a new point of view, the problem of integration of borrowing in the receptor language is considered, and the existence of various structural and semantic types of borrowed units through the prism of the concept of integration is justified. In accordance with the developed approach, a new classification of borrowing according to the degree of integration is proposed, which formed the basis of the field structure of this category. Analysis of real material includes a description of such categories of borrowing as foreign- language inclusions and exoticism, which were not previously objects of study in German Studies. Practical significance of the work lexicology of the modern German language from the results of the study it is determined by the possibility of its use in the development of special courses on the subject. The materials of the work can be used when drawing up teaching aids in lexicology, writing coursework and theses of students of language faculties and universities. The actual material can be included in lexicographic reference books, as well as methodological manuals on the practice of the German language. The structure of the work is determined by its purpose and objectives. The work consists of an introduction, three chapters, a conclusion and an application. The introduction substantiates the relevance of the topic, determines the purpose and main tasks, materials and methods of research, promotes the main provisions to be defended, reveals the scientific novelty, theoretical significance and practical significance of the work. The first chapter covers the main language trends that arose due to integration processes in modern society, shows the state of the English language in intercultural communication and its influence on other languages, including German. From a sociolinguistic point of view, the problem of Purism is covered. The last part of the chapter focuses on the newspaper and journalistic style as the main channel for the internationalization of languages. Particular attention is paid to the peculiarities of newspaper and journalistic vocabulary, in which there is a certain place for borrowing. The second chapter is based on the need for a categorical description of borrowing, the main categorical parameters of which are determined, the concept of "inter-system" representing this category is introduced, the main structural and semantic types of American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 11, Dec., 2022 202 | P a g e borrowing are described, and the problem of borrowing integration in the receptor language is covered, the classification of borrowed units is described. According to the degree of their integration, the compilation of this category is carried out. The third chapter presents an analysis of Anglo-Americans operating in German magazine and newspaper periodicals. Two main groups of borrowing are analyzed: borrowing itself (foreign language additions, exotisms, partially assimilated debts) and hybrid formations. All aspects of mastering borrowing are considered, introductory features of Anglo-American inclusions in German speech are considered, an onomasiological description of exoticism is given, formal and meaningful aspects of hybrid formations are described. The dissertation ends with an application. contains a list of studied Anglo-American suffixes, exotisms, partially assimilated borrowings, and hybrid formations. The conclusions obtained in the process of analyzing the grammatical assimilation of lexicalized debts correspond to the conclusions of other researchers, since the grammatical assimilation of debts is not always carried out regularly: fluctuations in gender are possible; in the plural, most nouns retain the English suffix. Lexical-semantic assimilation is an indicator of the entry of borrowing into the system of the receptor language. The lexical and semantic assimilation of borrowing is determined by the possibility of its further semantic development, in which the establishment of paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations with the units of the receptor language plays an important role. Hybrid formations reflect a deeper level of receptor-language integration compared to actual borrowing. In German, the hybridization process is active, which is manifested in the formation of word-forming paradigms with the same borrowed component. Analysis of the formal structure of hybrid composites shows that borrowing in the conceptual model of the German language mainly performs the function of transformation. Most of the compositions under study have a clear argumentative structure that allows you to decode their meaning outside the context. The onomasiological analysis of Anglo-American exotisms and borrowings, on the basis of which word-forming paradigms are formed, allows us to conclude that borrowing from the language at the present time reflects, first of all, non-linguistic processes associated with world integration in the field of Economics and computer technology. Conclusion The study gives reason to conclude that: 1. The global integration of societies in the modern era, manifested in the unprecedented growth and expansion of the spheres of intercultural communication of members of the world community, leads to an increase in the processes of language integration as a result of an increase in the social role of international communication American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 11, Dec., 2022 203 | P a g e languages. Several languages claim the status of the language of international communication, but due to geopolitical and political-economic factors, preference is given to English, which satisfies all the basic conditions called the "international linguistic exchange market". In recent sociolinguistic studies, the current state of linguistic communication is described as the era of the global bilingual "mother tongue + English". 2. Linguistic integration of societies is manifested in two organically related processes: internationalization and intellectualization of the lexical composition of languages. On the one hand, the current level of development of Science and technology, which is one of the main unifying factors, dictates the need for the emergence of a huge number of new terms. On the other hand, for many languages, the main source of borrowing is English (more precisely, the American version of English). The question is about the" movement of European languages", which reveals a tendency to intensify. We find confirmation of this article in many publications dedicated to Anglo-Americans in different languages, including Chinese and Turkish. The high percentage of these debts occurs both in general literary languages and in terminological subsystems. The internationalization process associated with intellectualization is carried out through Anglo-Americanization, while the media is the main channel of internationalization. References 1. Arnold I.V. Zamonaviy ingliz tili stilistikasi. L .: Ta'lim, 1981 yil. 2. Bloch M.Y. Grammatikaning nazariy asoslari. M., 2004 yil. 3. Galperin I.R. Matn lingvistik tadqiqot ob'ekti sifatida. M., 1981 yil. 4.Averkina L.A. Zamonaviy nemis gazeta va jurnal jurnalistikasining uslub xususiyatlari // Lug'at va uslub: Sat. ilmiy tr. Tver: TDU nashriyoti, 1993.-b. 3-8. 5. Admoni V.G. Grammatik tuzilma qurilish tizimi va grammatika umumiy nazariyasi sifatida / Ed. ed. V.M. Pavlov; SSSR Fanlar akademiyasi. Tilshunoslik instituti. L.: Nauka, 1988. - 238 b. 6. Akulenko V.V. Til lug'atini baynalmilallashtirish masalalari. Xarkov, 1972. - 215 b.