American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 11, Dec., 2022 213 | P a g e THE SYSTEM OF INDICATORS FOR EVALUATING THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION Kenjaev Toshbolta Aminovich, Independent Researcher of the Denov Institute of Entrepreneurship and Pedagogy, Uzbekistan. Abstract The article analyzes the system of indicators for evaluating the economic efficiency of agricultural production. In addition, indicators for evaluating the economic efficiency of agricultural production in the regions have been developed. Keywords: agricultural products, food security, population, forecasting. It is impossible to increase the efficiency of production in agriculture in the conditions of constant intensification without an objective assessment of various phenomena occurring in agriculture. Such evaluation is not possible on the basis of one criterion of economic efficiency. The production process needs excellent indicators that reflect the influence of various factors. Only the system of indicators allows for a comprehensive analysis and reliable conclusions about the main directions of increasing the economic efficiency of production. Using the system of indicators, we can set the main (specific) or auxiliary (specific) criteria, give a general and quantitative description of economic processes related to production efficiency. In the economic literature, there are different opinions about the existence of one or more criteria of economic efficiency. Proponents of the single standard believe that this requirement should be applied to all levels of management. Other economists talk about the need to use different criteria depending on the level of economic management. There is also a general definition of the criterion of the efficiency of the use of individual production resources - maximizing the production result with minimum resource costs. The existence of a single criterion that fully and comprehensively assesses the events does not deny, but assumes the existence of other indicators designed to quantitatively reflect various aspects of economic processes. At the same time, it is necessary to clearly distinguish the criteria and indicators of production efficiency. The criterion is the main distinguishing feature of an economic phenomenon that expresses the essence of production efficiency. This, in turn, reflects the qualitative accuracy of production efficiency. Indicators are a form of expressing American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 11, Dec., 2022 214 | P a g e the essence of production efficiency, an external measure of its criteria, and serve as a means of qualitative and quantitative analysis of the economy as a whole, various aspects of extended reproduction. Improving the efficiency of resources used in the reproductive process of agriculture, including land, labor, energy, material, financial and bioclimatic resources, plays an important role. When evaluating the efficiency of agricultural production, it is recommended to divide them into separate departments: agricultural lands; labor resources represented by the average number of workers, working hours and wages; fixed assets represented by their average annual value and depreciation deductions; average annual value of working capital, reserves of working capital, material resources represented by material production costs. As a component of production resources, financial resources, which are the means of the monetary system, cannot be distinguished as a separate position, because they only ensure the movement of material resources and the continuous operation of the production process. They are reflected in material costs (purchase of seeds, feeds, fertilizers, etc.). However, in the implementation of production, especially in increasing its volume, own funds and loan funds are used. In such conditions, it is important to know the profitability of financial investments, to ensure their highest return on investment. For this purpose, it is recommended to determine the most effective options for directing financial resources, for example, the purchase of high- quality seeds, additional fertilizers, high-performance equipment or other material resources and fixed assets. Based on the principles of a systematic approach, indicators of economic efficiency can be presented in the form of interrelated parts: private efficiency indicators describing certain aspects of the production process, use of certain types of resources (productivity, labor force, arable land per 1 cost of fixed assets) and a generalized indicator of economic efficiency. individual indicators of the system (the value of the gross product per 1 hectare of agricultural land), the average working day, assets and other average value of affected production land). Based on the above, we developed a system of indicators that fully describes the economic efficiency of agricultural production. The system of indicators of production efficiency of agricultural products offered by us allows for a detailed analysis of the participation of each of the main production resources in the process of reproduction and improvement of production efficiency (Table 1). American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 11, Dec., 2022 215 | P a g e Table 1 System of agricultural products production efficiency indicators Indicators Land resources Labor resources Material resources Basic tools Resource availability 1. Earth structure 2. Dynamics 1. Staff composition 2. State dynamics 1. Structure 2. Dynamics 1. Structure 2. Dynamics Use in the production process 1. Productivity 2. Productivity of the plot of land 1. Employment rate 2. Load of land (livestock) per 1 worker 3. Wages for 1 ton of the main types of products 1. Provision of resources (by types of resources) 1. Funding Attitude towards the manufactured product Gross product production (main product types) at current land area prices Gross product per 1 average worker Production of gross product (main types of products) at current prices per 100 rubles. working capital. Production of gross product (main types of products) at current prices per 100 rubles. basic tools Relation to profit The amount of profit from the sale of the plot of land Annual average sales volume per employee The amount of profit from the sale of 1 ruble. From sale the amount of profit from the sale of 1 ruble of working capital. basic tools The main criterion Growth of gross product production Growth of labor productivity Material growth (reduction of material consumption) Return on assets (decrease in capital capacity) Performance metrics can be presented in two interrelated parts. The first are specific indicators of efficiency that describe certain aspects of the production process, as well as the use of certain types of resources. The second is generalized indicators that determine the impact of certain types of resources on production efficiency, their formation, in turn, is influenced by specific indicators. The classification of performance indicators allows us to rationally define groups of indicators and, accordingly, use them to evaluate the efficiency of the enterprise as a whole, as well as the use of resources and the efficiency of production. The growth of the gross product is the main criterion for evaluating the use of land resources (agricultural land, including arable land). The indicators for evaluating the use of land resources are as follows: gross product production and the main types of products per part of the land area (milk and meat per 100 hectares of agricultural land, grain per 100 hectares of arable land), as well as productivity and animal productivity . The importance of productivity as an economic indicator is that it reflects the level and efficiency of land use. It should be noted that the value of productivity directly affects the value of other indicators. The main criterion for evaluating the use of labor resources is the growth of labor productivity. In this case, the following indicators are used: gross output in terms of physical and value per average annual worker or labor costs for production (labor American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 11, Dec., 2022 216 | P a g e intensity). Additional indicators are the level of employment of labor resources (average annual processing per worker, days worked per person per year) and land load per 1-year worker (hectare of agricultural land). The analysis shows that in recent decades, there is a tendency of the main agricultural production resources to decrease, which has a negative impact on the production process. Thus, land resources were significantly reduced. The decrease in production intensity led to a sharp decrease in agricultural production. Productivity has decreased. The main reason for the decrease in the productivity of some crops is insufficient use of mineral and organic fertilizers. The efficiency of land use is also related to the use of fuel and energy resources, its consumption has decreased significantly, and it is also related to the shortcomings in the use of labor resources, and in the following years, its use in agriculture capacity decreased by 21 percent [6]. In recent years, labor productivity in agriculture has significantly decreased due to insufficient use of energy sources. Despite the increase in the amount of agricultural land per average annual worker employed in manufacturing, the level of energy equipment has increased, while the level of employment in primary production has decreased. Material resources (seeds, feed, fertilizers, fuel, electricity, spare parts, construction materials, etc.) occupy important resources in the reproductive process of agriculture. its share in expenses is 66-68%, in the second. over the years, their share is increasing due to the increase in purchase prices. This factor mainly determines the dynamic growth of product costs and changes in agricultural production efficiency. At the same time, the material resources of industrial production have a decisive influence on the growth of the cost of production, because they have a higher rate of growth of their cost compared to the cost of the material resources of their own production. As a result of insufficient use of certain types of resources (mineral fertilizers, means of protection of plants and animals from pests and diseases, electricity, spare parts of machines and equipment, etc.), the reimbursement of costs is reduced compared to standard requirements. As a result of insufficient use of many material resources, the growth of agricultural productivity and livestock productivity slows down, labor productivity and the return of spent costs are not ensured, which leads to relatively low efficiency and often profitability. The experience of agricultural enterprises shows that the efficiency of the use of material resources is ensured as a result of their rational and economical use: use of resource-saving technologies that ensure reduction of the specific consumption of fuel and lubricants, seeds, fertilizers, electricity and other resources; use of material resources in priority areas, which allows to get the greatest profit; use of material resources in optimal proportions. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 11, Dec., 2022 217 | P a g e The efficiency of the use of material resources, as well as labor force, depends to a decisive extent on the adequacy of production capital and the capital-labor ratio, on the optimal relationship between the main production funds (labor resources) and circulating funds (labor objects). In recent years, according to statistics, the main equipment of agricultural production has stabilized and the cost of fixed assets for 1 ha of agricultural land, the price of purchased machinery and equipment, as well as land in agricultural enterprises has increased despite the reduction of its area, it almost does not change. Due to the decrease in the number of workers employed in agriculture in the last decade, their capital-labor ratio has increased significantly. Conclusions and Suggestions The analysis shows that imbalances in the provision of basic production funds and material resources reduce the effectiveness of the former. All groups of different resources form agricultural production costs and directly affect agricultural productivity indicators. In general, economic growth can be seen as a development in which the rate of long- term production steadily exceeds the rate of population growth. Factors that physically contribute to and limit economic growth serve as factors of economic growth. In general, economic growth can be expressed as the result of the combined and separate effects of two generalized factors - the attraction of large amounts of resources and the more efficient use of these resources. Consequently, economic growth acts as a multiplicative function, i.e. increasing labor costs by its productivity. List of used Literature: 1. Decree (2017) Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated February 7, 2017 No. PF-4947 "On the strategy of actions for the further development of the Republic of Uzbekistan". 2. Official website of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. www.fao.org 3. B.E.Mamaraximov, (2016) "Ensuring food safety and developing the industry in Uzbekistan". // Scientific article. Scientific electronic magazine "Economy and innovative technologies". No. 5, September-October, Tashkent 2016. Pages 4-6. 4. I.I. Eliseeva, S.V. Kurysheva, T.V. Kosteeva. (2013) Econometrics. -M. : Finance and statistics, 2013. 344 pages. 5. D.N. Saidova, I.B. Rustamova, Sh.A. Tursunov. (2015) "Agrarian Policy and Food Security". Study guide. Tashkent 2015. Pages 90-115.