American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 12, Jan., 2023 93 | P a g e BILINGUALISM Khosiyat Nazarovna Kadirova Lecturer at the Interfaculty Department of the Russian Language Chirchik State Pedagogical University Abstract Diverse and prolonged contacts between significant contingents of the multilingual population of the USSR, national-Russian bilingualism could not but lead to the emergence and development of numerous and complex processes of linguistic mutual influence in general and leave a noticeable imprint on oral Uzbek speech in particular. Keywords: Russian language, communication, information transfer, borrowed words, interlingual communication, borrowing, borrowing. A unique feature of bilingual speech is the use of lexical units of another language in speech in one language. In bilingual speech, we can observe not only the individual use of the means of the two languages, but also a peculiar selection of these means depending on their linguistic taste, not only their own system of combinations of the means of the two languages, but also a personal attraction to one of the two languages. Often this leads to the fact that, for example, part of Russian words in Uzbek speech takes on different semantic forms depending on the extra- and proper linguistic factors that gave rise to them. The other part - affects the "crystallization" of new ways of expressing any meanings, for example, modality values. In this paper, we will focus on the influence of the Russian language on Uzbek, which manifests itself in non-standardized oral speech. It should be noted that the influence of the Russian language on Uzbek at the level of oral speech is still rarely the subject of a special study. Most often there are only incidental remarks about the use of Russian words in Uzbek speech. The situation that has arisen is apparently explained by the fact that everyday oral speech is far from being the best example of speech from the point of view of a standardized literary language, a "conglomeration of various languages" held together by the speaker's individual will. But from the fact that we will not notice a phenomenon, it will not cease to exist. This problem has not yet been the subject of a dissertation research, since according to the established tradition (dating back to linguistic purism), such speech is considered corrupted (deviation from the norm). The words of the second language used in non-standardized oral speech belonged to occasionalisms, that is, individual or even random word usage. Such an attitude did American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 12, Jan., 2023 94 | P a g e not allow researchers to see systemic factors associated not only with the features of the second, but also with the features of the native language. In addition, the sociological interpretation of non-standardized oral speech, in which the words of the second language are used, as corrupted, causes a negative attitude towards its linguistic study in advance. In fact, the study of this phenomenon is of undoubted interest, primarily from a linguistic point of view, since it makes it possible to reveal previously unidentified mechanisms of language contact. The study of this phenomenon is also important from a sociological point of view, as it allows us to treat it more correctly and evaluate it scientifically from the point of view of perspective. The study of written speech cannot give the same results as the study of oral speech, since the first reflection is already established, fully or partially included in the language system, borrowed by it. V. print usually gets what has settled in the minds of native speakers of the borrowing language. In printed materials designed for a large audience, all foreign words first pass through the brain of the writer, and if not entirely, then in many respects bear the imprint of the author's worldview and thinking, his attitude to the events described, and therefore perform, as a rule, a stylistic function. In oral speech, designed for a narrow circle, the words of the second language are used quite often and their use is not limited to stylistic needs. Therefore, mechanically transferring the requirements for the use of Russian words in written speech to oral speech means not explaining the existing process, but likening various phenomena to each other. Of course, from the point of view of the norm and culture of speech, the use of Russian words in oral practice should be suppressed. But this phenomenon has its own systemic nature, which must be known and taken into account. When studying this process, it is equally important not to overestimate it, nor to underestimate its role in the general process of mutual influence of languages, especially since this process takes on diverse forms, and reducing them to one type does not give a correct idea of its actual essence and significance. It is known that in different periods of contact between peoples, there are connections that are different in nature and intensity, which leave various kinds of traces in their languages. Therefore, the contacting of languages at each given moment of its existence is a peculiar phenomenon that must be described and explained. One can get an idea of this phenomenon only by observing the finest nuances of the live oral speech of bilingual individuals. That is why the analysis of this phenomenon from the social and linguistic points of view allows us to treat it more correctly. Such an analysis makes it possible many times faster and more accurately to establish the main directions of the influence of one language on another. Russian words function in Uzbek oral speech. But how does the Uzbek language meet them? How does he modify them and how does he modify himself? American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 12, Jan., 2023 95 | P a g e In order to answer these questions, it is necessary to study the phenomena of colloquial speech. They best of all reflect the process of contacting the Russian and Uzbek languages, as it were, at a microscopic level, where a lot of processes take place, which sometimes, perhaps, disappear without a trace, before disappearing, leaving a trace in the Uzbek language. Many changes in the Uzbek language occur due to this very process of penetration of Russian words into the Uzbek oral everyday speech. The use of words of the second language in the native oral speech smoulders great socio-psychological grounds, so the phenomena of oral speech must be considered against the socio-psychological background of cultural and linguistic life. And only proceeding from this, it is possible to consider the prospect of this phenomenon and evaluate it. The facts of living speech need to be interpreted from a psychological, specific situational and target, social and linguistic points of view, despite the fact that they are all merged and difficult to distinguish. The value of studying phenomena of this order lies in the fact that Russian words penetrating the Uzbek oral speech do not necessarily become fixed in the language, but very often contribute to the differentiation of meanings and localization of the use of the words of the Uzbek language corresponding to them and differentiate their meaning themselves in accordance with the requirements of the Uzbek language. . We deliberately do not limit our analysis to a homogeneous speech group, but analyze words that penetrate into the speech of not a certain social group, but into broader strata, regardless of whether a person belongs to one social group or another. All analyzed factual material was collected in the city of Tashkent and in the Tashkent region in 1979-1983. We do not limit the analysis to either the age or professional affiliation of the informants. Otherwise, if the Russian words used in Uzbek oral speech are considered in direct proportion to the named conditions, we will get only the socio-linguistic physiognomy of the speaker. This goal is usually pursued by the language of works of art. But in fiction, this problem is directly related to the aesthetic aspect and is used as a technique that allows "visibly" to reproduce the personality of the characters in front of readers. The listed characteristics of the informants are only the initial impulse that generates the appearance of Russian words, but the properties of the informants themselves do not cause the appearance of Russian words in their speech. They only support this possibility, are the soil for it, determine the peculiarities of the use of Russian words. If we consider the use of Russian words in the Uzbek speech of a certain social group, then it will be necessary to distinguish between two types of speech commonality: I) common speech of all speakers of this subgroup; 2) the commonality of Russian lexical elements, which is revealed when analyzing the language skills of each individual American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 12, Jan., 2023 96 | P a g e speaker. These skills ultimately determine the frequency of use of Russian words and the regularity of their use. If the consolidation of a Russian word in Uzbek speech depended on the frequency of its use in a particular social or age group, then why do Uzbek words, which are more frequent in their use before acquaintance with the Russian language, displace Russian words at the very beginning of their penetration into Uzbek speech ? Therefore, it can be argued that Russian words are fixed in Uzbek speech due to some other reasons. In a work like ours, in no case should the spontaneous features of the speech of one individual be confused with the general tendency to use Russian words in Uzbek oral speech. Therefore, we immediately make a reservation that the use of Russian words characterizes the attitudes of the speakers, but not always their native language. The speaker's calculation for the used Russian word is not the same as for the word of his own language. Another load falls on the Russian word. It performs a different function. In our work, we adhere to the tradition that connects lexical penetrations from one language into another language in contact with it with the bilingualism of native speakers of the borrowing language. We proceed from the principle of the objective existence of Russian words in the Uzbek speech and from the principle of their peculiar refraction under the influence of the structure of the native language. Conclusion. Contacting languages has now become "... one of the most acute and complex problems associated with language practice in a multinational country. The success of practical activity largely depends on its correct scientific substantiation." The study of the features of language contacts is one of the most urgent problems of modern linguistics. It should be subjected to the most thorough study precisely in our country, since it was in the USSR that the most favorable conditions were formed both for the mutual influence of languages itself and for monitoring this process. 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