American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 13, Feb., 2023 170 | P a g e MODERN RUSSIAN LITERATURE Umirova Dilfuza Suyunovna Lecturer, Samarkand State University, Kattakurgan branch Khairullaeva Zarinabonu Khasanovna Student, Samarkand State University, Kattakurgan branch Karimov Islom Odilbekovich Student, Samarkand State University, Kattakurgan branch Annotation: First of all, literature is a collection of works based on the inner experiences of writers and, of course, about life events. Society finds in literature its real life, elevated to an ideal, brought to consciousness. ... Literature ... must be faithful to the people, must passionately and zealously stand up for its progress, prosperity and happiness. Keywords: Modern Russian literature, styles, genre , works , writer, Society, experiences, events, Russia, book, era, process. INTRODUCTION Literature is the self-expression of society, just as speech is the self-expression of a person. Louis de Bonald Regular writing in Rus' appeared only in the 9th-10th centuries. At the same time, ancient Russian literature arose. Russian literature gained worldwide recognition in the 19th century. It has changed while maintaining its uniqueness. The characteristic features of Russian literature are its connection with folklore, with the canons of Orthodoxy, publicism, deep psychologism. Modern Russian literature is a completely unique phenomenon. It is very diverse: these are not only books created today, but also works written in Russia from the mid-1980s of the 20th century to the beginning of the first decade of the 21st century. If during the period of thaw and stagnation in literature only the method of socialist realism was welcomed, then the modern literary process characterizes the coexistence of various trends. One of the most interesting cultural phenomena of the second half of the 20th century is postmodernism, which arose in the West in the late 60s and early 70s. If modernism strove for the new, which initially denied the old, classical art, then postmodernism does not deny everything old, but tries to ironically rethink it. As V. Pelevin wrote in the novel "Numbers": "In the postmodern era, the main thing is not the consumption of material objects, but the consumption of images, since images have much more capital intensity." Russian postmodernism is heterogeneous. The following works can be attributed to the prose American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 13, Feb., 2023 171 | P a g e works of postmodernism: "Moscow - Petushki" by Ven. Erofeeva, “ Kys ” by T. Tolstoy, “Ice” by V. Sorokin, “ Generation R "(" Generation P "), V. Pelevin," Coronation "by B. Akunin and others. With the coming to power of M.S. Gorbachev began to publish works previously banned in the Soviet Union: the novel “Doctor Zhivago” by B. Pasternak, “We” by E.I. Zamyatin, "The Gulag Archipelago" by A. Solzhenitsyn. In the 1990s, the works of B. Pilnyak, M. Bulgakov's letters, and V. Shalamov's stories were published. Since the early 1990s, a new trend has emerged in Russian literature, called post-realism . In post-realism, reality is perceived as a set of many circumstances that affect human destiny. In the first works of post-realism, writers turned to the private life of a person, to his philosophical understanding of the world. Criticism usually refers to the post-realists the story "Time is Night" by L. Petrushevskaya, the novels "Underground, or the Hero of Our Time" by V. Makanin, "Psalm" by F. Gorenshtein , the novel "The Closed Book" by A. Dmitriev, etc. In addition, in modern Russian literature creates works that are difficult to attribute to one direction or another. Writers themselves realize themselves in different directions and genres. Literature is an integral part of a person's life, a kind of photograph that describes all internal states, as well as social laws, in the best possible way. Like history, literature develops, changes, becomes qualitatively new. Of course, one cannot say that modern literature is better or worse than that which was earlier. She's just different. Now there are other literary genres, other problems that the author covers, other authors, after all. But whatever one may say, the “Pushkins” and “Turgenevs” are not the same now, the time is not right now. Sensitive, always quiveringly responding to the mood of the time, Russian literature today shows, as it were, a panorama of a divided soul, in which the past and the present are intertwined in a bizarre way. Literary process since the 80s. of the twentieth century, marked its unconventionality , dissimilarity to the previous stages in the development of the artistic word. There was a change of artistic eras, the evolution of the creative consciousness of the artist. Moral and philosophical problems are at the center of modern books. The writers themselves, participating in disputes about the modern literary process, perhaps agree on one thing: the latest literature is interesting already because it aesthetically reflects our time. So, A. Varlamov writes: “Today's literature, no matter what crisis it is in, saves time. This is its purpose, the future - this is its addressee, for the sake of which one can endure the indifference of both the reader and the ruler. Back in the early 1980s, two camps of writers took shape in Russian literature: representatives of Soviet literature and representatives of the literature of the Russian emigration. It is interesting that with the death of the outstanding Soviet writers Trifonov, Kataev, Abramov, the camp of Soviet literature became significantly impoverished. There were no new writers in the Soviet Union. The concentration of a significant part of the creative intelligentsia abroad led to the fact that hundreds of poets, writers, figures in various fields of culture and art continued to work outside their homeland. And only since 1985, for the first time after a 70-year break, Russian literature got the opportunity to be a single whole: American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 13, Feb., 2023 172 | P a g e the literature of the Russian abroad of all three waves of Russian emigration merged with it - after the civil war of 1918-1920, after World War II and the Brezhnev era. Returning back, the works of emigration quickly joined the flow of Russian literature and culture. Literary texts that were banned during the period of their writing (the so- called “returned literature”) became participants in the literary process. Domestic literature has been significantly enriched by previously banned works, such as A. Platonov's novels "The Pit" and " Chevengur ", E. Zamyatin's dystopia "We", B. Pilnyak's story "Mahogany", "Doctor Zhivago" by B. Pasternak, " Requiem” and “Poem without a Hero” by A. Akhmatova and many others. “All these authors are united by the pathos of studying the causes and consequences of deep social deformations” (N. Ivanova “Questions of Literature”). There are three main components of the modern literary process: the literature of the Russian diaspora; "returned" literature; actual modern literature. To give a clear and concise definition of the last of them is still not an easy task. In modern literature, such trends as avant-garde and post-avant-garde , modern and postmodern, surrealism, impressionism, neo-sentimentalism , metarealism , sotsart , conceptualism, etc. have appeared or revived. But against the backdrop of postmodernist tendencies, “classical, traditional” literature continues to exist: neorealists, postrealists , and traditionalists not only continue to write, but also actively fight against the “ pseudo-literature ” of postmodernity. It can be said that the entire literary community has been divided into those who are “for” and those who are “against” new trends, and literature itself has become an arena for the struggle of two large blocs - traditionalist writers oriented towards the classical understanding of artistic creation, and postmodernists, who hold radically different views. This struggle influences both the ideological content and the formal levels of the emerging works. The complex picture of aesthetic dispersion is complemented by the situation in the field of Russian poetry at the end of the century. It is generally accepted that prose dominates the modern literary process. Poetry bears the same burden of time, the same features of a confused and scattered era, the same aspirations to enter new specific zones of creativity. Poetry, more painfully than prose, feels the loss of the reader's attention, of its own role as an emotional exciter of society. So complex and seemingly not amenable to systematization appears before us the space of the modern literary process, devoid of clear divisions and guidelines, having lost the concept of hierarchy and reputations, as if challenging the new reality. In the works of modern writers, the techniques and attitudes of realism are fused with postmodernist artistic technique. Deep psychologism can be combined with the author's game with the reader, recognizable modern phenomena can coexist with fantasy and mysticism, history can be learned through a detective story, and philosophical questions of life can be comprehended in melodramatic contradictions. The latest literature allows us to understand the complexity and debatability of modern Russian reality. Based on all that has been written, we can conclude that the very quality that endows precisely the works of modern authors is freedom from American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 13, Feb., 2023 173 | P a g e frames, the freedom to write about what you want and how you want. List of Used Literature 1.Levchenko M.A. Chapter 9. Literature // Russian literature of the twentieth century: textbook . n special for stud. institutions of higher prof. education. in 3 vols./Ed. S.I. Timina. - M.: Publishing Center Publishing Center "Academy", 2011. - 368s. 2. See, for example: Ivanova M.V., Rodin M.V. To the question of modern poetry in the context of the development of information technologies [Electronic source] // URL: http://litfront.ru/modern-poetry.html 3. Samorukov I.I. Popular Literature: Author's Abstract . diss . cand. philol . Sciences. - Samara, 2006. - 28 p. 4. Chernyak M.A. The Phenomenon of 20th Century Mass Literature: Problems of Genesis and Poetics: Diss . Dr. Philol . Sciences. - St. Petersburg, 2005. - 488 p. http://litfront.ru/modern-poetry.html