American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 15, April, 2023 244 | P a g e ANALYSIS OF KARL HEINRICH MENGES'S CONCEPTS ON KARAKALPAK PHONOLOGY Kamila Awezova A Second-Year Masters’ Degree Student at the Department of English Linguistics, Karakalpakistan State University named after Berdakh Abstract There is still a significant difference between Altajic agglutination. The words "sh" and "tch" are used in the East-West dialect. With the advent of the Karakalpak national tongue, the literary language's attraction has changed. The majority of people speak in literary language's endearing form on a regular basis. The Speaking language, the main variant of the Karakalpak language, is made up of two dialects. The dialectal differences in our nation were most recent in the back, while they were in oldest areas. The literary form of Karakalpak is divided into two dialectal subgroups. Around the start of the late 19th century, the Central Asian peoples' widespread usage of the Shagatai script provided the setting in which the Karakalpak script language initially emerged. However, this literary language is a stable literary language despite all the changes to the national language and the few contributions made by the bulk of Karakalpak people. However, this literary language is a stable literary language despite all the changes in the national language and the minimal contribution of the bulk of Karakalpak people. This ancient language was taught using the Karakalpak people's written language's archaic literary script. There are many different genres of written literature, such as aesthetic, social-political, technical-scientific, journalistic, instructional, etc. It was written in a literary language. [1:73] Keywords; language, Karakalpak, non-labial vowels, velar vowels, anterior vowels, assimilatory, backness. INTRODUCTION It is hypothesized that Proto-Turkic and Proto-Altajic shared the vowel system of Karakalpak, which is unique in that it demonstrates a remarkable degree of regularity and is shared by all rules. On the basis of articulation, its four phoneme pairs are divided into the velar (posterior) and palatal (anterior) vowels, which are further divided into labial, non- labial, and open, closed vowels. Altajic agglutination still differs significantly from Indo-European (Latin) verbal - O', which can serve four or five functions, including the first singular indicative present active, whereas in agglutinative languages like Uralic, Altajic, and many others, each function that needs to be expressed requires a different suffix. It is no longer possible to distinguish the third and maybe fourth suffix, which we can assume to have been present in the agglutinative stage of American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 15, April, 2023 245 | P a g e Indo-European, but it is still possible to say that -O'-, which certainly results from contraction, comprises two or probably three earlier suffixes. It should not be considered that the sound e is a Common-Turkic phoneme as it is just a variation of either the a' or the I and commonly appears side by side in the same dialect of a particular language. For instance, all of the aforementioned languages include the Karakalpak verb "grandmother," a`je. Because these vowels appear to be readily mistaken with -u,-u', as is common of contemporary Northwestern languages like Karakalpak, instances of -o,-o' in non-first syllables appear to be the result of widespread confusion in their nature.[3:76] In phonology, vowel harmony is an assimilatory process in which the vowels of a given domain – typically a phonological word – have to be members of the same natural class (thus "in harmony"). Vowel harmony is typically long distance, meaning that the affected vowels do not need to be immediately adjacent, and there can be intervening segments between the affected vowels. Generally one vowel will trigger a shift in other vowels, either progressively or regressively, within the domain, such that the affected vowels match the relevant feature of the trigger vowel. Common phonological features that define the natural classes of vowels involved in vowel harmony include vowel backness, vowel height, nasalization, roundedness, and advanced and retracted tongue root. Vowel harmony is found in many agglutinative languages. The given domain of vowel harmony taking effect often spans across morpheme boundaries, and suffixes and prefixes will usually follow vowel harmony rules. Like many other languages, English has wide variation in pronunciation and dialects. Among other things, there are most peculiarities in Phonology which Karakalpak learners deals with the language units such as set of vowel reduction, unstressed syllables and affricates, fricatives of the tongue whereas Karakalpak language users do not reduct the vowel, affricates. In addition to that, a phoneme of English language is an abstraction of a speech sounds which are perceived to have the same function by speakers of that particular language. For example: the English word "through" consisting of three phonemes, the initial "th" sound "r" sound vowel; "misbehave" the last letter "e" is omitted in pronunciation ; whereas in Karakalpak language, the voiced sound “e” is articulated from the front of the tongue; the position of the tongue is much horizontal comparing with the narrow-voiced [i , u, U’] "beneficial" transcribed as |benɪˈfɪʃ(ə)l| "cial" is prounced as |ʃ(ə)l|. As we see the samples above the phonemes in the words and many other English words do not always correspond directly to the letters used to spell them.1 References 1. The Turkic languages and peoples, Wiesbaden, 1968; 2. Karl Heinrich Menges concepts in Phonology. 1968 3. Baskakov N.A., Karakalpakskiy yaziyk, t. 1 - 2, M. - L., 19 5 1-52; 1 U. Muratbaeva , “Karakalpak learners’ phonological errors in learning english language, their reasons consequence”. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 15, April, 2023 246 | P a g e 4. Berdimuratov Ye., Házirgi zaman qaraqalpaq tiliniń leksikologiyası, Nókis, 1968; 5. Baskakov N.A., Vvedeniye v izucheniye tyurskix yazyikov, 2-izd., M.. 1969; 6. Berdimuratov Ye. Umarov A. Bekimbetov P., Karakalpakskiy yaziyk (fonetika, morfologiya, sintaksis), Nókis. 1983. 7. U. Muratbaeva , “Karakalpak learners’ phonological errors in learning english language, their reasons consequence”.