American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 18, July, 2023 16 | P a g e A. AVLONI - ENLIGHTENER, TEACHER AND SCHOOL REFORMER Даробов Рахмонжон Равшанович студент 3-го курса факультета «Педагогика и Психология ТГПУ имени Низами Abstract: This article is devoted to the role of A. Avloni, a famous Uzbek writer, playwright, educator and teacher, who made a significant contribution to the development of pedagogical thought on the ideas of the socio-political movement Jadidism. Keywords: heritage, enlightenment, upbringing, school, origin, Jadidism, development. INTRODUCTION The national heritage of any nation includes the material, spiritual and all other types of heritage created by this people. The role of spiritual values is especially important in educating the younger generation as a harmoniously developed person with high moral principles. The national heritage is a product of the thinking, worldview and creative potential of the nation, it is the wealth that is formed at different historical stages of the development of the nation, it serves as the basis and source of experience in building the future of the nation. Spiritual values serve as an important tool in the continuation of the traditions of our statehood, which have truly great historical and spiritual roots, as well as the process of building a state based on democratic principles, including the traditions of our ancestors. The restoration, enrichment, preservation of spiritual and cultural wealth, the national heritage of our people, their transfer to future generations is a tradition that our ancestors have observed for centuries. We know from history that in a society where cultural, educational and pedagogical activities are organized rationally, this society develops rapidly and flourishes on the basis of social justice. The social movement Jadidism (from the Arabic usul al-jadid - a new method) as a reformer of national and cultural traditions, was revived for the renewal of Islamic culture and society among the Muslims of the Crimea, the Volga region and the Urals, the Caucasus and Central Asia in the 1880s-1920s. The beginning of the movement is associated with the introduction in mektebs and madrasahs of the sound method of teaching literacy instead of the subjunctive, the so-called "usul-i jadid", that is, a new method. The Jadidists criticized religious fanaticism, demanded the replacement of outdated religious schools with national secular ones, advocated the development of science and culture, advocated the publication of newspapers in their native American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 18, July, 2023 17 | P a g e language, and the opening of cultural and educational institutions, which contributed to the consolidation of the democratic forces of society. A special role in the emergence and development of this movement in Central Asia was played by Abdulla Avloni (June 12, 1878 - August 25, 1934), a famous Uzbek writer, playwright, educator and teacher, who did a lot for the development of the Uzbek school of the modern type. He made a significant contribution to the development of pedagogical thought, is a teacher and scientist, reflecting in his works the best traditions of the Uzbek people, important issues of education. Abdulla Avloni was one of the pioneers of the creation of new-method schools for Uzbek children. He wrote textbooks and manuals for these schools. Abdullah Avloni showed great dedication by spreading enlightenment and education. In 1907, Abdulla Avloni opened new schools in the Mirabad mahalla of Tashkent, and then in the Degrez mahalla. He made desks and blackboards for the school with his own hands. Since most of the children enrolled in the school were from poor backgrounds, he organized a "Relief Society" with the help of his friends to provide them with clothing, food, notebooks, pens, and he presided over the society. He founded the publishing house "Nashriyot" and opened a bookstore called "School Library". The Avloni school differed from the schools according to the old method in that classes were conducted in their native language on the basis of the class method of teaching in accordance with the goals and objectives assigned to them. In his school, he gives children specific information on subjects such as geography, history, literature, nature, arithmetic, handasa (geometry) and hikmat (wisdom). Subjects such as geography, history, literature, nature, arithmetic, handasa (geometry) and hikmat (wisdom). Abdullah Avloni wrote more than ten textbooks and reading books for his school "Usuli Jadid" such as: "Literature or National Poems", "The First Teacher" (1912), "Turkic Flower Garden or Morality" (1913), "The Second Teacher" (1915), "Gulistan School" (1917). In his works and journalistic articles, he glorifies the culture, science, school and education of the peoples of the world and calls on his people to be educated and cultured. In 1933, on the basis of a new literary program, Abdulla Avloni compiled a "Literary Anthology" for the seventh grade of Uzbek schools. In 1925, for many years of conscientious work in the popularization of Uzbek culture and literature, training of personnel, Abd ullah Avloni was awarded the title of "Hero of Labor". Abdulla Avloni died on August 25, 1934 in Tashkent. As we can see, A. Avloni, as a devoted son of his people, opening schools, strove for universal education, educating young people on the experience of advanced ideas. His activities, works and books left a huge mark on the development of pedagogical thought at the beginning of the XX century. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 18, July, 2023 18 | P a g e References 1. Avloniy A. Tanlangan asarlar. Toshkent: Maynaviyat, 1998. B. 304. 2. Dolimov U. Maъrifat dargalari. Toshkent, 1990. 3. Abdullaev K.F. Thinkers of the East about the pedagogical profession // Culture of peace and non-violence of the younger generation: interpretation angles and pedagogical conditions of development, 2020. S. 117-120. 4. Inoyatov S.I., Abdullaev K.F. Bukhara House of Education as the Basis for the Development of Education and Culture in the Bukhara People's Soviet Republic and Uzbekistan // Bulletin of the Chuvash State Institute of Culture and Arts, 2018. № 13-1. S. 13-18.