American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 04, May, 2022 271 | P a g e DEMOGRAPHIC COMPOSITION OF THE POPULATION Dilshoda Inomjonova Andijan State University, Student of Geography at theFaculty of Natural Sciences dilshodainomjonova20@gmail.com Annotation This article covers demography, the scientific practical basis of demography, the essence of the concept of demography, the basis of demography and the laws of study, its development, demographic processes, reproduction of the population, important aspects of demographic processes. Keywords: demographic structure, real number of the population, sexual structure, age structure, age-dependency. Introduction Population is a quantitative expression of people in a certain territory or population group. In demography, the number of inhabitants is the most general and basic indicator, which means the amount of population in a certain period of time. In statistical sources, the number of the population reaches a certain chisloga (1 January.1 July or 31 December) is brought. For example, the population of Uzbekistan in 1991 amounted to 20708 thousand in 1 janvar, and in 2020-33500 thousand in 1 janvar. These indicators can not be taken for the whole year, because during the year, that is, from 1 janvar to 31 December, the number of inhabitants varies regularly on the account of birth and death. When studying the number of inhabitants of each territory, it is allocated to a permanent (permanently registered in the same territory) and an existing real (living in the same territory for a certain period of time in the period under review) population. In carrying out demographic gadgets, the number of the theoretical population, as well as the existing, real population, is used. The theoretical population number is constant, the population number. The stable population is derived from the Latin word 'stabilis', which means permanent, unchangeable. When calculating the specific coefficients of population reproduction, the number of stable populations is used, when compiling different demographic models, the theoretical population is used, that is, the period under study is considered unchanged. The Real, the number of the available population is the number of the available population of a certain administrative region, the period in which the state is studied. For example, the population of the state of Uzbekistan, the population of the Fergana Valley and etc. When calculating the demographic coefficients, usually the average annual population is used. Because American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 04, May, 2022 272 | P a g e the demographic process is calculated for the duration of the whole year, that is, from 1 January to 30 December. And the population, as noted above, is taken per year - 1 janvar. To calculate the average annual population for a certain calendar year, the population at the beginning of the calendar year and at the beginning of the next calendar year is divided into two by two, and the average population for the year under study is determined. To do this, 1999 year is divided into two by adding the population numbers in 1 janvar and 2000 Year 1 janvar. (R1999+R2000:2) specific information about the population is collected by means of Population Registration. For the period between population lists, while each year's birth, death and migration processes are considered with the help of special methods of population census. The age-sex, marriage and family composition of the population are the main factors in the study of demographic processes. The sexual composition of the population is the main demographic ground in the introduction into marriage and the formation of the family composition of the population. In demography, two different indicators are used to determine the relationship of sexes. 1. In the total population, rock salinity-in the percentage account. For example, in 2000 the total population of Uzbekistan was 24582.8 thousand people. Of these, men 12232,7 and women 12350,1. On the basis of these indicators, it is possible to determine that in the total population, men constitute 49.8 per cent, and women constitute 50.2 per cent. 2. A clear indicator in the study of the sexual composition of the population is the expression of the number of women in relation to every 1000 men, or the number of men in relation to every 1000 women. By this indicator, the total population and age groups of the population of a certain territory (0-9,10-19, 20-29...) the sexual composition is studied. As an example, using the data given above, we divide the number of women by the number of men and multiply the result by 1000.In 2000, in Uzbekistan, 991 men were right for every 1000 women, or men were less than women. With such a technique, the proportion of both women and men for age groups in alokhi is determined. The age composition of the population is formed under the influence of three main factors: 1) Sexual ratio in newborns. 2) Sex difference in death. 3) Sex difference in Population migration. The age composition of the population is the reproduction of the population into age groups with the aim of studying socio-economic and demographic processes. Age groups of the population and demographic processes are formed intertwined. Young people in the population (at the age of 0-9, 101-19,20 - 29 years) have a positive impact on demographic processes such as marriage and childbirth. At this time, in the regions American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 04, May, 2022 273 | P a g e with a high birth rate, the health of children, young people is high. And in cases where the birth rate is low, the elderly (60 years and older) in the population are more likely to have a high mortality rate and more likely to die. When approached from a demographic point of view, today's age composition of the population is the result of the repeated reproduction of yesterday's population and serves as the basis for future demographic development. In the study of the age composition of the population, each individual youth of the population (0,1,2,3,4,5 . . .100 and above) to five-year age groups (10-14 , 15-19...) and are divided into three large-large groups (0-14, 15-59, 60 and higher). The age composition of the population has its origin and development as the main study object in demography. This development can be divided into the following directions a) Statistical analysis of individual age groups and their ratios: b) The legislation of the formation of the age composition of the population and their role in the quality of the factor of demographic development: c) Interrelation of age composition and social economic processes of the population. Its age composition is the main factor in the growth of the population. In the middle of the XX century, the reproduction of the population in economically developed countries is harakter with a relatively low birth rate and a low incidence of children in the general population. In developing countries, however, during this period, relatively high births and high incidence of children in the population were harakter. In conditions of high birth rate and low level of its control, the age content of the population directly affects the growth of the population. At the beginning of the XX century, the Swedish scientist G.Three types of age composition of the population are distinguished by the Sundberg : 1) Progressive age content - children (0-14 years) in the population are high in health and lead to an increase in the population. 2) Stationary age content - the health of children and the elderly (60 years and older) in the population will be almost equal, such age content will not be a major factor in population growth. 3) Regressive age composition - the total number of the population is higher than in the elderly population children, the population is reduced to be repeated reproduction occurs aging process of the population. The aging process of the population is an increase in the salinity of the elderly (60 years and above) in the population on account of the decrease in fertility and the average life expectancy of the population. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 04, May, 2022 274 | P a g e Available Publications 1. POPULATION AND SOCIETY: An Introduction to Demography Dudley L. Poston, Jr. 3-p. : 2. Soliev A.S. Theoretical and practical issues of my economic geography.-T., 1999.B.48. Failure to take migration into account within 7 is also a mistake. Reason 3. Ионцева В.А. Экономика народонаселения демография.-М.,2002.С.ЗЗ. 4. Борисов В. А. Демография. — M.: NOTABENE, 1999, 2001. С.5. 5. Tajieva ZN. Regional characteristics of demographic processes in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Doctoral dissertation.- T., 2017. В. 17. 6. Z.N. Tajiyeva F. A. Do'smonov Demography Tashkent - 2020 "Innovascular History of the World" 7. Richard S. Kratmich, A.E.Luloff, Donald R.Field. People, Places and Landscapes. Utah.USA.2011. MaziTiun-mohiyatidan foydalanildi.