American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 23, December, 2023 102 | P a g e RELATIONSHIP OF STRATEGY AND MILITARYECONOMY IN MODERN CONDITIONS Khashimov F. B. Lecturer of the Military Academy Abstract The article examines the relationship between war and the economy, the state has a decisive influence on the course of social progress and determines its development, no matter how strongly political and other factors of the Republic of Uzbekistan influence. Keywords: economic support, military economy, strategy, nonmilitary measures, military-economic potential, economic struggle. Introduction Humanity's entry into the 21st century is taking place against the backdrop of the formation of a new geopolitical, economic and strategic picture of the world. The transformation of the bipolar world into a multipolar system is associated with an increase in political, economic, social, environmental, informational and, of course, military threats. The entire country, with its socio-political system, material and human resources, industry and agriculture, transport and communications, science and culture, participates in the economic support of the armed forces. However, the immediate material basis of the military power of the state is the war economy. In general, the war economy includes material, human, scientific, technical, financial, and time resources used to create the economic foundations of the military power of the state in peacetime and to provide economic support for the conduct of war. The indirect material base of the war is the national economy of the country and the economy of the state as a whole. The reasons for the growing interconnection between economic and military factors, economics and strategy, determine the growing role of military-economic knowledge, the study of the economics of war and its economic aspects. The subject of military economics, as one of the branches of military science, is becoming an increasingly wide range of problems. The purpose of the military-economic support of the country's defense is to meet the needs of the military organization of the state in peacetime and wartime in financial, material, technical and other resources sufficient for the implementation of the policy of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the field of defense. 1 1 Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On the Defense Doctrine of the Republic of Uzbekistan" of 2018 American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 23, December, 2023 103 | P a g e Strategy is the highest branch of the art of war ; its relations with economics are concrete. They should be viewed through the prism of the direct organization of the war, a set of basic practical measures that are necessary to achieve military-political goals. The main objectives of the strategy are closely related to the economy. They cannot be successfully resolved without taking into account the material capabilities of the parties, without a deep economic justification of strategic plans, without material and technical support for the armed forces, and without the practical implementation of the tasks facing them. At the same time, the strategy has a reverse impact on the economy and makes certain adjustments to economic development. The strategy "forces" the economy to "adapt" to the needs of the war and mobilizes resources to create solid foundations for its successful conduct. The strategy of the war economy is based on the consideration of economic possibilities and in the development of war plans and methods of waging it. Any strategic decision is called upon to take into account the state of one's own economy, to a comprehensive assessment of the ratio of not only military, but also economic, especially military-economic, forces of the parties. Accordingly, the organization, structure, system of manning the armed forces, practically all elements of military construction are determined not least by the quantity and quality of military equipment, the level of personnel training, changes in the organization, in the structure, the standards of supply depend on the size of supplies, serial production, and the reliability of cooperative ties. Thus, the state of the economy and its ability to provide the armed forces with material and other resources are directly reflected in the forms of strategic actions, the nature of operations, combat operations, and the successful implementation of strategic plans of the Republic of Uzbekistan. At the same time, it is possible to formulate some general requirements for the economy, determined by the "needs" of military strategy. They are as follows: - to ensure the priority development of military industries and military R&D; - to prepare for the mobilization restructuring of the economy in the event of war; - contribute to the development of communications and infrastructure of the country; - to increase the stability of the economy, its ability to function in wartime; - Ensure the stability of management and the reliable flow of information. These and similar demands become more stringent and categorical in the conditions of war. The war makes it a priority to ensure the transfer of resources to the needs of military operations. The economy must be prepared to withstand exceptionally high strains while maintaining the maximum level and continuity of production. One can refer to the protracted war between Iran and Iraq, whose economies have been practically restructured and subordinated to the "needs" of waging war. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 23, December, 2023 104 | P a g e At the same time, the main problem in the conditions of war is the problem of managing the national economy. The expansion of powers and control on the part of the state (prices, wages, distribution of resources) is usually combined with the stimulation of private economic activity, the encouragement of entrepreneurial initiative, and the introduction of new methods of management that contribute to the growth of military production. The modern military economy is a major consumer of the means of production. The process of separating the production of final military products leaves a special imprint on the quality of the means of production. Enterprises of the military (defense) industry use, for the most part, a very complex range of machine tools, forging equipment, control and measuring equipment. Moreover, some types of tools used in the production of final military products, in terms of their technological purpose, have a unique character. They can only be used in military production. Therefore, in the first division of social production, branches (enterprises) that specialize in the production of tools of labor for the war economy are distinguished. The war economy also places an increased demand for objects of labor - construction materials, various types of raw materials, fuel, and other initial and auxiliary materials. The objects of labor used in the production of final military products determine their quality, reliability, and combat effectiveness to a decisive extent. As the scale of the war economy grows, the range of objects of labor involved is constantly expanding. At the same time, the modern military economy, as a special, specific part of the national economy, has its own very complex structure. A distinction is made between the following types of structure of the modern military economy: functional, reproductive, sectoral, and territorial.2 An analysis of its territorial structure is important for understanding the essence of the war economy. (Fig. 1) It characterizes the distribution of productive forces and affects the degree of stability (vulnerability) of the national economy as a whole, and the war economy, especially in modern warfare. An analysis of the territorial structure of the war economy can encompass the war economy of a coalition of states, of one state, of a separate region of a state. The territorial structure of the military economy is characterized by relative stability and stability, since it is largely determined by objective conditions, the existing nature of the distribution of productive forces, and the availability of raw materials and energy resources. At the same time, the modern military economy is interested in the problems of optimizing military production, coordinating (combining) military and civilian production, converting the military sector, determining the size and dynamics of military costs. Military-economic science is not only the economics of war, but also the economics of disarmament, the search for optimization of the levels of military-economic expenditures. 2 Umarov N.M. "Uzbekistan on the Way to Sustainable Development", Monograph. – T.: Gos. Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan for Nature Protection, 2019 American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 23, December, 2023 105 | P a g e For example, the study of the problem of economic mobilization affects almost all spheres of the national economy. A number of new, far from easy tasks posed the problems of optimization of management, as well as limited production, financial, human and time resources. Thus, it can be said that modern military economics is the science of ways, forms and methods of economic support of armed struggle and war as a whole, of the principles and methods of effective use of material, financial, human and time resources to solve problems of national security. At present, there is an intensification of international competition for the possession of natural, technological, human, informational and other resources, markets, strategic areas, and in the coming decades, the economy has a multifaceted impact on the development of the armed forces, on the forms and methods of armed struggle, on the nature of war, the possibility of its "localization", on its duration, course and outcome. The economy is the material and technical basis of war. The level of development of the national economy determines the production of weapons and technical means of armed struggle, the organization of transport and supply systems, the improvement of the infrastructure necessary for the operations of the armed forces, and the level of labor productivity and professional training at enterprises of the military-industrial complex. Modern weapons are a rather complex type of product, as a rule, requiring subsequent refinements, improvements, and additional costs. The modernization of military-technical means is due to the constant reduction in the lifespan of the next generation of military equipment. The inevitable complication of designs leads to an increase in the labor intensity and cost of samples. A striking example of this is the strengthening of military and military-technical cooperation between the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Russian Federation.3 At present, the following types of cooperation are being carried out (Fig. 2): ✓ repair and modernization of military equipment and weapons; ✓ procurement of weapons and military equipment; ✓ conducting joint exercises; ✓ mutual visits of delegations to exchange and learn from experience; ✓ training of officers of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the Russian Federation; ✓ participation in military competitions and military festivals. The change of generations of military engineering products (aircraft, armored vehicles, engines, military vehicles) is about five to ten years, and the production of military electronics (electronic computers, radio devices) is two to three years. Meanwhile, their 3 Mirusmanov B.M., Ikramov A.A., Ziyadullaev M.D., - "Socio-Economic Situation of the Republic of Uzbekistan" / Ed. by the Chairman of the State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Statistics, Doctor of Economics. Doctor of Science, Professor. Begalova B.A.: Monograph. – T.:, State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Statistics, 2019 American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 23, December, 2023 106 | P a g e development requires a longer timeframe. The development of the main components of onboard electronic communication equipment (fourth generation) takes from five to eight years, which significantly exceeds the service life of a new model - until its obsolescence. By ensuring the improvement of the means of armed struggle, the economy thereby influences the development of military science and the art of war. If the nature of the threat and the probable nature of military conflicts change, adjustments are made accordingly to the economic preparations of the state and the economic support of its armed forces. Non-military measures are designed to acquire additional forces (allies and friends), to weaken and eliminate military dangers and threats (treaties, agreements, to turn potential adversaries into neutrals, etc.), to reduce the capabilities of the aggressor (isolation, to create a negative image in public opinion, to expose his plans, etc.), to restrict, up to and including the complete rejection (under certain conditions) of the use of military force. The military-economic potential is a part of the general economic potential of the country and its economy, which, in the event of maximum military-economic tension, can be used for military purposes. Its activation takes place in conditions of minimization of all non- military needs of society and its representatives. The military-economic potential of a state characterizes the maximum level of provision for certain military needs, which can be achieved with the most intensive use of the productive forces of the national economy for military purposes and an acceptably low level of satisfaction of the civilian needs of society. Simply put, it reflects the maximum opportunities that a particular state (country) has to increase its military-economic preparations. The degree of realization determines the military and economic power achieved. The following are used as indicators of military and economic potential: the number and proportion of human resources mobilized and suitable for mobilization in the army, in the production of armaments and in other areas of national defence; volume and share of production, capacities (capital) employed in various branches of military production; cost and in kind, indicators of the volume of production of weapons and other military items. Structure of military-economic potential4: 1) human resources; 2) branches of the national economy to the extent that they directly or indirectly provide (or can provide) military-economic needs; 3) branches of the military-industrial complex (4) agriculture, in so far as it is used to prepare and wage war; 5) transport, communications and other branches of infrastructure; 6) capital construction; 7) strategic reserves, reserves. 4 War Economy. Theory and Actual Problems./ Ed. by Doctor of Economic Sciences, Prof. A.I. Pozharov. Moscow, Voenizdat Publ., 1999. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 23, December, 2023 107 | P a g e Superiority in the field of weapons and military equipment is based on leadership in the production of delivery vehicles and weapons of destruction, combined with the availability of a scientific and production base for the creation of means of control, reconnaissance, communications, and informatics. The use of scientific and technological achievements for military purposes thus expands the capabilities of the armed forces and contributes to increasing their combat power. However, a necessary prerequisite for the introduction of new technical means is the transition from experimental to their serial and mass production, which is fully determined by the economic capabilities of the country. This is due, first of all, to certain costs and the development of the appropriate technology. The economy is one of the factors that contain, implicit or overt, the sources of contradictions that lead to clashes between social groups, states and their coalitions. The struggle for economic resources was the cause of two world wars. The relationship between economics and war, with the mediating role of politics, is still evident today. The resource and economic provision of the country should be aimed at satisfying many of the needs of the state: in the interests of accelerating the pace of economic development, national defense, improving the standard of living of the population, developing health care, education, and for other purposes. Of course, these are all competing goals. Because the more resources are allocated to national defense, the less of them remain, for example, to other spheres of the state's life and vice versa. In this regard, the leadership of the Republic of Uzbekistan strives to maintain a balance between the various needs of "economic and social development" and the needs of "national defence". Economic resources are the basis of the economic sphere of activity of any state. Ensuring the country's defense capability largely depends on the readiness of the economy to meet the military-economic needs of the state. It should be understood that indicators for certain types of resources, economic, scientific and technical capabilities can play an important role in the construction of national armed forces. The increasing impact of the war on the economy is also manifested in the expansion of the scale of the enemy's direct armed impact on economic facilities. The experience of wars and armed conflicts shows that the opposing sides have always sought to undermine the economic potential of the enemy. Armed violence was used to destroy the enemy's economic base. However, if in previous wars, due to the relatively limited capabilities of the weapons used, the scale of direct armed impact on economic facilities and regions was insignificant, then in modern conditions, due to the presence of nuclear weapons and powerful means of their delivery, the possibilities of armed impact on the economy have increased immeasurably. Another aspect of the relationship between the economy and war is determined by the fact that the economic struggle in modern warfare is more and more closely combined and intertwined with other forms of struggle - organizational, diplomatic, informational, ideological, interethnic, and the forms and methods American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 23, December, 2023 108 | P a g e of economic struggle are more and more closely intertwined with the forms and methods of armed struggle. The main directions of the economic struggle are: - economic intelligence; - struggle for markets for strategic products, strategic raw materials, food, sale of weapons, military equipment and military-industrial technologies, as well as other goods, services and technologies; - rivalry in the field of military-economic preparations (production and procurement of weapons and military equipment, mobilization preparation of the economy, etc.); - undermining the enemy's economic potential and protecting its own economic base and infrastructure. Thus, it can be concluded that in modern conditions, the relationship between strategy and war economics has become stronger. The economy became a direct participant in the preparation and conduct of the war. Therefore, the national economy must be comprehensively prepared for war, for the economic support of its armed forces. The alignment of the strategic intentions of the parties in a modern war with their economic capabilities can be achieved through a sober assessment of the balance of forces and the implementation of a set of measures aimed at both increasing the combat readiness of the armed forces and a more complete and effective use of economic potential. The basic principles of military-economic activity, if consistently followed, make it possible to effectively meet the defense, material and financial needs of the state, and reliably economically ensure the armed defense of the country. REFERENCES 1. Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 1992. 2. Defense Doctrine of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 09.01.2018. 3. National security. Textbook. Moscow, VAGS VS RF Publ., 2018. 4. Fundamentals of the Theory of National Security. Textbook, Moscow: VAGS VS RF, 2015, 5. Military strategy. Tutorial. Moscow, VAGS VS RF Publ., 2018. 6. War economy. Electronic textbook. 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