American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 25, February, 2024 21 | P a g e COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCIES AND WAYS OF THEIR DEVELOPMENT IN PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES Musakhanova Gulnora Mavlyanovna Associate Professor of "Innovative Education" Doctor of Philosophy in Pedagogy, Ph.D. Tashkent State Economic University, Uzbekistan E-mail: gulnaramusahanova02@gmail.com ORCID: 0000-0003-0268-0292 Annotation In this article, the author discusses the ongoing work to develop the communicative competence of future specialists, given the results of the study of the role of communicative competence in the professional activities of future specialists and the problems that arise in this process. Кeywords: communication, competence, education, competence, specialist, modern approaches, pedagogical activity. INTRODUCTION Today, at all stages of the historical development of society, high demands are placed on highly qualified specialists. Currently, the training of a specialist for any field of production should provide the most favorable conditions for his high qualification, mobility, and development of his personality. The competence of the specialist is becoming more and more important due to the increasing complexity. This is explained by the expansion of social experience, the emergence of new and very diverse forms of information presentation and processing, and the ever-increasing demands of society on specialists. In the conditions of modern globalization, our country, like many other countries, is experiencing huge changes that affect all spheres of life, promote new values, and change priorities. Analyzing that the development of communicative competencies of future specialists in the higher education system is a pedagogical problem, it is necessary to determine the priority directions of the systematic reform of the education system in the Republic of Uzbekistan, the quality of the process of training highly qualified personnel with modern knowledge and high moral and ethical qualities, independent thinkers and communicative competences. It can be recognized that the adoption of the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan based on Decree No. PF-60 of January 28, 2022 "On the Development Strategy of Uzbekistan for 2022-2026"[2] is aimed at eliminating these problems. This decree, based on the proposals of the personnel orderers, to increase the admission parameters in 2022, to introduce the procedure for independent determination of admission American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 25, February, 2024 22 | P a g e parameters by higher education institutions based on a fee contract, to increase the admission rate to at least 250 thousand in 2026, to give academic and financial independence to state higher education institutions. including establishing the practice of independent determination of wages, the number of employees, the number of payment contracts, and the form of education by them, as well as clearly defining the relevant rights and powers of state higher education institutions. A lot of attention is focused on the issues. This is the basis for the development of professional competencies of future specialists. Analysis of literature on the topic is considered to be an urgent issue today. Therefore, the Law "On Education" reflects the system of training of highly qualified specialists who think independently. [1]. At the same time, decrees No. PF-5847 dated October 8, 2019 "On approving the concept of development of the higher education system of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030" We believe that this article serves to a certain extent in the implementation of the tasks defined in other regulatory legal documents related to the activity of the decision on improving the system of target training of personnel" [4]. According to A.R. Khojaboev, the approach from the perspective of competence is a way to achieve a new quality of education. Of course, such a view did not appear by chance, the scientist says that here we are talking about a new unit of measurement of human enlightenment because today knowledge, skills, and qualifications do not fully measure the level of education quality, it does not allow to determine it [15]. T.V. Shtykova considers the basic concept of "communicative competence" as the integrative integrity of the experience of communicative activity, which includes professionally important communicative-personal, didactic, and gnostic knowledge, skills, as well as professionally important qualities of the pedagogue and ensures the effectiveness of his communicative activity. [17]. M. Stefanova puts forward the opinion that the priority of communicative competence of learners should be determined in education, she says that "the growing generation should be literate and independent from the communicative and human aspect both in their education and in their lives" [14]. In the research of M. Gulyamova, it is clear that today the competence approach is widely applied to the teaching process of all subjects. It is not enough to give students knowledge, skills, and qualifications in science. Still, it is necessary to form the competence of practical application of the acquired knowledge, skills, and qualifications in various situations. Therefore, education based on the competence approach is education aimed at developing the ability to apply the acquired knowledge, skills, and abilities in their personal, professional, and social activities, to enable students to think independently, to have an active citizenship position, initiative, to be able to use information and communication technologies wisely in their activities, implies the formation of conscious career choice, healthy competition, and general cultural skills [10]. N. Muslimov said that education focused on personality includes the organization and implementation of joint educational activities of teachers and students. The joint American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 25, February, 2024 23 | P a g e educational activity is not immediately and permanently given in a finished form, and its content is not limited only to the content of acquired knowledge, which means expanding the boundaries of personality formation. It is a combination of transferring knowledge and experience with their generation, production, and modification. During the implementation of education directed at the student, special attention should be paid to its content, tools, and how different methods are structured because they allow the student to demonstrate the ability to choose the educational material, its types, and forms in the process of education [9]. In our opinion, today's pedagogues working in the higher education system have an invaluable role in the didactic information, knowledge, skills, creative potential, and communication skills in the transmission and delivery of information, so every pedagogue needs to work on the systematic development of their communication skills. Research Methodology In this work, the content, purpose, and tasks of developing communicative competencies of future specialists in the higher education system were studied. This is the theoretical and methodological basis of the article, literature, and scientific articles on the development of communicative competence in future specialists, research conducted by pedagogues, psychologists, and sociologists on this topic, and written and oral opinions of scientists and representatives of the field were observed. Analysis and Results At the end of the third millennium, a change in worldview occurred with the revolution in the field of communication and information. Mass computerization, the introduction, and the development of the latest information technologies have led to an impressive change in the fields of education, business, industrial production, scientific research, and social life. The development and implementation of production and software accelerated the collection, processing, and transfer of information, which made it possible to radically expand the possibilities of using information. Today, foreign experiences play a special role in the development of communicative competencies of future specialists in the higher education system. The development of communicative competencies of future specialists in the higher education system is carried out based on several principles: 1. The principle of communicativeness. We are familiarizing a person with the spiritual values of other cultures through personal communication. 2. The principle of interactivity. Presupposes the existence of real cooperation, where the main focus is on the development of communication skills and teamwork. 3. The principle of authenticity. Its essence is to create real situations in the educational process that stimulate the learning of the material and contribute to adequate behavior. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 25, February, 2024 24 | P a g e Communicative competence is a complex integrative, holistic mental formation that determines success in social and professional environments. In the effective implementation of communicative competence, it is necessary to pay special attention to its components. Figure 1. Components of Communicative Competence Analyzing Figure 1 above, focusing on motivational, emotional-volitional, value-semantic, and cognitive aspects of communication in the development of communicative competence of future specialists in the higher education system increases the effectiveness of communicative competence in conveying theoretical information to students. The development of communicative competencies of future specialists in the higher education system includes the acquisition of skills and competencies in the process of communication in specific communication conditions. Modern didactics fulfill the tasks of state policy in the field of higher professional education and actively develop a competency-based approach. Also, attention is paid to the creation of didactic conditions in which the participant in the educational process can show not only his intellectual and cognitive activity but also his personality. Today's developing educational system requires studying the communicative competence of students in all aspects. In modern pedagogy, the concept of communicative competence is thoroughly studied based on different approaches. Rapid changes in modern society determine the importance of elements of the student's communicative competence, such as the ability to identify, search, exchange, and transfer information through various channels. For a university graduate, the ability to effectively collaborate in the professional field, and meaningful use of communication methods is very important. The most important components of the communicative competence of students of higher educational institutions should include a set of interrelated knowledge, MOTIVATIONAL ASPECT BEHAVIORAL ASPECT COGNITIVE ASPECT VALUE-SEMANTIC ASPECT EMOTIONAL-VOLITIONAL ASPECT American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 25, February, 2024 25 | P a g e skills, and methods of activity that allow for establishing and maintaining the necessary relationships with other people, achieving mutual understanding, and determining the situation. Effective development and successful development of the communicative competence of students in the higher education system requires the implementation of these components in the interaction of universities. Also, it determines the priorities in the selection and application of various methods, forms, and tools, pedagogical techniques in the educational process, and makes it possible to determine the system of pedagogical conditions. To develop the student's communicative competence, the teacher should use the concept of didactic potential as a set of tools, methods, and forms, an inseparable unit. Didactics and pedagogical knowledge are focused on as one of the main aspects of the problems of the higher education system. The solution to this requires learning the essence of learning, i.e. laws, principles, approaches, and a system of methods and tools for the implementation of tasks. The study of communicative competence, and understanding their didactic potential, allows the pedagogue to see the factors that determine the results in the process of education. In addition, it allows one to choose effective methods and forms in the process of formation, development, and evaluation of skills and their correct application. In the modern system of higher education, the didactic principle becomes the development and regulator of the system of communicative competence. In this regard, it is necessary to put the concept of "didactic potential" into practice, to consider it as a concept that adequately ensures the effectiveness of achieving the intended goals in the educational process, and to define it as a general set of methods, tools, and forms, taking into account its content, laws, and principles [11]. The purpose of didactics, its principles, and individual components of the methodology are to provide educational tools and forms together for practice at the level of pedagogical technology. In this case, it is very useful for us to determine the didactic possibilities in studying the communicative competence of students. Higher education allows us to further increase the quality of training of specialists, using the methods and forms in the process of realizing the purpose of our research, to give a qualitative assessment of the level of training of specialists for various fields of pedagogical activity. In the process of achieving the goal, learning also solves educational, cognitive, and communicative tasks[12]. Possibilities of didactic principles in the development of communicative competence In the process of assessing the level of communicative competence, the didactic interaction of a teacher and a student is carried out based on the use of various tools, methods, and assessment forms, and they serve as the basis for the development of competence. The methods of interactive research of the communicative competence of students of higher educational institutions can be divided into three types depending on the form and the methods used: American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 25, February, 2024 26 | P a g e ➢ Controversial: such forms of conversation, group discussion, analysis of situations, and assessment of the direction of a problematic issue in writing, as a result, lecture texts, creative assignments, especially essays, and reports); ➢ game: role-playing games, business games, situation methods, etc.; ➢ training: project method, portfolio development, communicative training. Conclusions and Suggestions In conclusion, discussion elements and game forms can be distinguished in the project method, but they are all used as part of the training. In the higher education system, students in the process of interactive teaching learn the content of communicative competence in scientific interaction with the environment of the educational process and gain new experience in real communicative situations related to their future professional activities. The skills of mutual understanding, sympathy, and tolerance towards communication partners are developed. Today, the development of communicative competencies of future specialists in higher educational institutions is one of the main issues. Firstly, based on the reforms in the educational system implemented today, to increase the awareness and activity of future specialists, it is necessary to organize the teaching process in such a way that students consciously and actively acquire scientific knowledge and methods of their practical application, they have creative initiative and independence in educational activities, creativity, focus on ensuring that it serves to develop thinking, speaking techniques. Secondly, today, in the era of the digital economy, the implementation of ways to form and develop the communicative competence of future specialists is based on the requirements of the time. The third, is competence, especially in the representatives of each field, to make them understand that since professional competence marks the position of future specialists in society, society is also interested in training specialists with highly qualified communicative competence. References 1. Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Education" - T.: September 23, 2020 // National database of legal documents of the Republic of Uzbekistan: www Lex.uz 2. Shavkat Mirziyoev. Decree No. PF-60 of January 28, 2022 "On the Development Strategy of the new Uzbekistan for 2022-2026". https://lex.uz/ 3. Shavkat Mirziyoev. Concept of development of the higher education system of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030. Decree No. PF-5847 of October 8, 2019. https://lex.uz/ 4. Resolution No. 606 of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated July 19, 2019 "On improving the system of targeted training of highly qualified scientific and scientific-pedagogical personnel". American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 25, February, 2024 27 | P a g e 5. Mirziyoev Sh.M. 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