American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 25, February, 2024 220 | P a g e THE STANDARD OF DIFFERENT WATERING REGIMES OF MULBERRY SEEDLINGS EFFECT ON SEEDLING EMERGENCE Ubaydullayev Farkhod Bakhtiyarullaevich Tashkent State Agrarian University, Agricultural Sciences Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Associate Professor Khomidova Nargiza Isaqulovna Assistent, Tashkent State Agrarian University Abstract It is known that the use of advanced agrotechnical measures based on the soil and climate conditions for the cultivation of tree-like plants in nurseries gives good results. During the cultivation of seedlings, the demand for water and nutrients is different in different phases of the plant. Due to this, in the course of our research, agrotechnical measures were applied to seedlings based on plant and soil requirements in the phases of growth and development. Keywords: Mulberry (Morus, nigra L) plant, phenological phases, determination of growth dynamics, height, diameter of root neck, irrigation, application of mineral fertilizers, determination of optimal standards. Introduction Globally, highway landscaping and landscape design are of great importance and interest in this field is constantly growing. For this reason, a lot of scientific and practical work is being carried out on the selection of types, varieties and forms of ornamental plants suitable for different climatic and soil conditions. The reason for this is that the flora first of all has a great impact on ecology and human health. It is known that the norm of green area in the city is 50 m2 per 1 population, cities with 40-60% green areas are exemplary, and cities with less than 10% vegetation are considered to have a negative ecological environment. Special attention was paid to the identification of highly scenic, promising, plant species resistant to various external harmful factors and the development of efficient and optimal methods of rapid reproduction as the priority directions of greening of highways in the world. In this regard, new varieties and forms of decorative species were created, the possibilities of trees and shrubs in modern landscaping were evaluated, and new methods of vegetative propagation were created. It should be noted that representatives of Mulberry (Morus, nigra L) have a wide range of ornamental potential, development of fast and effective methods of reproduction by vegetative means, evaluation of the efficiency of use in landscaping is of important scientific and practical importance. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 25, February, 2024 221 | P a g e In order to continue the reforms implemented in all spheres, the development strategy of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the period of 2022-2026 known as "New Uzbekistan" was developed and a "road map" project was created for its implementation. This strategy includes seven priorities. On August 31, 2021, the opening ceremony of the "New Uzbekistan Park" dedicated to the 30th anniversary of the Republic of Uzbekistan was held. The general appearance of the 104-hectare park is in the form of five kings of trees, corresponding to the directions of the action strategy. Peaceful areas have been established here where people can relax in the presence of nature. There is an increasing demand for seedlings of ornamental tree species in large quantities in greening the cities and villages of our republic. This puts important tasks before the growers of seedlings, such as breeding high-quality and low-cost decorative seedlings that meet standard requirements, as well as developing technology for rapid cultivation. In this decision, it is decided to fundamentally improve the architectural and artistic quality of highways, greening and beautification works along the highways of our Republic - meeting the modern requirements of road safety and environmental protection issues. and the issues of fundamentally improving the quality of formation on a complex basis are envisaged. In connection with the execution of the decision, according to the order of the State Committee of Motorways dated September 12, 2017, the unitary enterprise "Oz yol kolamzorzamzar" and its territorial "Yol kolam" unitary enterprises in the regions were established done. Since the beginning of 2018, effective work has been carried out by these enterprises, which are not many since their establishment. In the presidential decree, 288,000 ornamental, bushy, needle-leaved, tall and medium- sized tree saplings of various types were planted in the border areas along the public highways of the republic for 2018. During the first quarter of 2018, 505.1 km of greening and beautification works were carried out in the roadside areas adjacent to the border of the existing public highways in the Republic of Karakalpakstan and all regions, and about 230,000 saplings were planted. For example, in Andijan region - 15.5 km, in Fergana region - 39 km, in Namangan region - 136 km, in Tashkent region - 8 km, in Syrdarya region - 141 km, in Jizzakh region - 13 km, in Samarkand region - 19 km, Karakalpog In the Republic of Estonia - 13 km, in the Kashkadarya region - 22 km, in the Surkhandarya region - 12 km, in the Navoi region - 18 km, in the Bukhara region - 48 km, in the Khorezm region - 22 km. For these purposes, this year, the Republican Road Fund under the Cabinet of Ministers allocated 50 billion. It is planned to allocate 29.5 billion soums in the first quarter. Soum works have been completed. President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.M. Mirziyoyev's decree of September 11, 2017 No. PQ-3262 "On measures to improve the architectural- landscape construction and landscaping system of highways", the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan "Taking into account the requirements of modern architecture and urban planning This study serves to a certain extent in the scientific implementation of the tasks in the regulations of March 9, 2009 No. 59 on the "Rules for the Organization of Improvement Works of Settlements" and other regulatory legal documents. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 25, February, 2024 222 | P a g e MATERIAL AND RESEARCH METHODS 3317-90 (QzDSt 322.15.04.2009) was developed for carrying out field and production experiments, preparation of cuttings, care of seedlings, calculation of standard seedling yield, selection and evaluation of prospective forms. The study and assessment of the mulberry (Morus, nigra L) species in terms of scenic features in the landscaping of highways is carried out according to the method of N.I. Shtonda. The generally accepted criteria for statistical processing of the obtained data are also B.A. Dospekhov was performed according to the method "Metodika polevogo opyta". In calculating the economic efficiency of the obtained results, "Sample technological cards for the care and production of the main agricultural crops. For 2016-2020 (Part II)" was used (2015). It was implemented through the manual "Seyantsy derevev i kustarnikov", 26869- 86 (QzDSt 322.15.04.2009). RESULTS OF RESEARCH Applied agrotechnical measures are mainly aimed at maintaining soil moisture and sufficient supply of nutrients, and these factors are of particular importance in the growth and development of plants. During our research, the soil moisture of mulberry seedlings was kept in the order of 50-60%, 60-70% and 70-80% compared to DNS. In this case, soil moisture was determined at 0.5 meters in one-year seedlings, and 0.7 meters in the second and third years, and the irrigation rate was determined based on this moisture deficit (in this case, the coefficient of water use according to A.N. Kostyakov = 0 was equal to .9). Observations on determining soil moisture, in turn, make it possible to determine the rate and duration of irrigation. During the years of research, soil moisture before irrigation was maintained in the order specified in the program in relation to DNS. The obtained soil samples were placed in a thermostat and dried at a temperature of +105 0 C. During our studies, soil moisture before irrigation was 12.26 to 14.1% to maintain soil moisture at 50-60% relative to DNS, and 15.32% to 16.85% when soil moisture was 60-70% relative to DNS. and was observed to be 17.1% to 18.68% when 70-80% compared to DNS. It required watering 4 times to maintain soil moisture at 50-60% relative to DNS, 6 times to maintain it at 60-70%, and 8 times to maintain it at 70-80%. The minimum moisture capacity of the soil was determined when it was watered 4 times, and it was equal to 53.77%. It was observed that the minimum moisture capacity of the soil was 63.8% when it was watered 6 times, and 71.2% when it was watered 8 times. During the years of research, the duration and rate of irrigation was determined based on the water level, with the determination of soil moisture before each irrigation. A high level of soil moisture had a positive effect on the growth of two-year-old mulberry seedlings. In the second year of the study, the results obtained in the first year remained consistent. In particular, the growth indicators of the plants were high, and they were watered 4, 6, and 8 times during the growing season. As a result, rapid growth of seedlings was ensured, and American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 25, February, 2024 223 | P a g e after 4 waterings, the height of the plant was 42.9 cm, and the diameter of the root neck was 11.2 mm. After watering 6 times, the height of the plant was 43.4 cm, the diameter of the root neck was 11.8 mm. When it was watered 8 times, the growth in height was 46.4, and the diameter of the root neck was 11.4 mm. In the control version, these indicators were equal to 37.4 cm and 10.2 mm, respectively. The emergence of standard seedlings from mulberry seedlings studied during the years of research was studied. When soil moisture before irrigation was maintained at 50-60%, 60- 70%, and 70-80%, high-quality, disease-resistant seedlings meeting standard requirements were calculated. Standard seedlings of mulberry seedlings are 6 pogs. It was observed that the total number of seedlings was 45 when the pre-irrigation soil moisture was kept at 50-60% compared to DNS in terms of m, and the number of standard seedlings was 40 or 9.8% higher than the control. shows. DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS During our research, the standard number of mulberry seedlings is 4 pogs. When calculated in m, soil moisture before irrigation was kept at 50-60% compared to DNS, 38 units and standard seedlings obtained from it show that 37 units or 10.2% higher than the control. Table 1 The standard of different watering regimes of mulberry seedlings effect on seedling emergence Amount of irrigation Amount of plants in the experiment total units of which standards things % Mulberry (at the expense of 6 pog. m) Control 50 40 80,4±2,4 4 45 40 90,2±1,98 6 42 39 92,4±1,83 8 47 43 90,3±1,90 In our observations of soil moisture before irrigation and seedling thickness in the following years of the research, the results were obtained according to the options, keeping the above law. CONCLUSION The obtained results show that each irrigation has its own effect on the growth and development of the plant, and for the production of standard seedlings of mulberry, the pre- irrigation soil moisture is 60-70 compared to DNS When it was kept at % and irrigated 6 American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development ISSN Online: 2771-8948 Website: www.ajird.journalspark.org Volume 25, February, 2024 224 | P a g e times during the growing season, when 750-800 m3/ha of water was required for each irrigation, optimal conditions for the growth and development of seedlings were created. REFERENCES 1. Ubaydullaev, Farxod, et al. "Irrigation regime Influence on the growth and seedlings development of common fake chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) and Japanese safflower (Sophora japonica L.) in the highways landscaping." E3S Web of Conferences. Vol. 264. EDP Sciences, 2021. 2. Убайдуллаев, Ф. Б. "Влияние стимуляторов на рост сеянцев конского каштана." 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