id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
ajiss-1137	1	1	ottoman	ottoman	NOUN
ajiss-1137	1	2	ulema	ulema	NOUN
ajiss-1137	1	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	1	4	turkish	turkish	ADJ
ajiss-1137	1	5	republic	republic	NOUN
ajiss-1137	1	6	:	:	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	1	7	agents	agent	NOUN
ajiss-1137	1	8	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	1	9	change	change	NOUN
ajiss-1137	1	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	1	11	guardians	guardian	NOUN
ajiss-1137	1	12	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	1	13	tradition	tradition	NOUN
ajiss-1137	1	14	amit	amit	PROPN
ajiss-1137	1	15	bein	bein	PROPN
ajiss-1137	1	16	stanford	stanford	PROPN
ajiss-1137	1	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	1	18	ca	ca	PROPN
ajiss-1137	1	19	:	:	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	1	20	stanford	stanford	PROPN
ajiss-1137	1	21	university	university	PROPN
ajiss-1137	1	22	press	press	NOUN
ajiss-1137	1	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	1	24	2011	2011	NUM
ajiss-1137	1	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	2	1	224	224	NUM
ajiss-1137	2	2	pages	page	NOUN
ajiss-1137	2	3	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	3	1	much	much	ADJ
ajiss-1137	3	2	has	have	AUX
ajiss-1137	3	3	been	be	AUX
ajiss-1137	3	4	written	write	VERB
ajiss-1137	3	5	about	about	ADP
ajiss-1137	3	6	religion	religion	NOUN
ajiss-1137	3	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	3	8	secularism	secularism	NOUN
ajiss-1137	3	9	in	in	ADP
ajiss-1137	3	10	turkey	turkey	NOUN
ajiss-1137	3	11	over	over	ADP
ajiss-1137	3	12	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	3	13	past	past	ADJ
ajiss-1137	3	14	decades	decade	NOUN
ajiss-1137	3	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	3	16	but	but	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	3	17	detailed	detailed	ADJ
ajiss-1137	3	18	histories	history	NOUN
ajiss-1137	3	19	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	3	20	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	3	21	late	late	ADJ
ajiss-1137	3	22	ottoman	ottoman	NOUN
ajiss-1137	3	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	3	24	modern	modern	ADJ
ajiss-1137	3	25	turkish	turkish	ADJ
ajiss-1137	3	26	ulema	ulema	NOUN
ajiss-1137	3	27	have	have	AUX
ajiss-1137	3	28	been	be	AUX
ajiss-1137	3	29	few	few	ADJ
ajiss-1137	3	30	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	3	31	far	far	ADV
ajiss-1137	3	32	between	between	ADP
ajiss-1137	3	33	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	4	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
ajiss-1137	4	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	4	3	this	this	DET
ajiss-1137	4	4	recent	recent	ADJ
ajiss-1137	4	5	book	book	NOUN
ajiss-1137	4	6	by	by	ADP
ajiss-1137	4	7	amit	amit	PROPN
ajiss-1137	4	8	bein	bein	PROPN
ajiss-1137	4	9	is	be	AUX
ajiss-1137	4	10	a	a	DET
ajiss-1137	4	11	welcome	welcome	NOUN
ajiss-1137	4	12	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	4	13	a	a	DET
ajiss-1137	4	14	much	much	ADV
ajiss-1137	4	15	needed	need	VERB
ajiss-1137	4	16	contribution	contribution	NOUN
ajiss-1137	4	17	to	to	ADP
ajiss-1137	4	18	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	4	19	literature	literature	NOUN
ajiss-1137	4	20	on	on	ADP
ajiss-1137	4	21	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	4	22	turkish	turkish	ADJ
ajiss-1137	4	23	ulema	ulema	NOUN
ajiss-1137	4	24	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	4	25	to	to	ADP
ajiss-1137	4	26	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	4	27	literature	literature	NOUN
ajiss-1137	4	28	on	on	ADP
ajiss-1137	4	29	religion	religion	NOUN
ajiss-1137	4	30	in	in	ADP
ajiss-1137	4	31	modern	modern	ADJ
ajiss-1137	4	32	turkey	turkey	NOUN
ajiss-1137	4	33	in	in	ADP
ajiss-1137	4	34	general	general	ADJ
ajiss-1137	4	35	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	5	1	it	it	PRON
ajiss-1137	5	2	charts	chart	VERB
ajiss-1137	5	3	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	5	4	vicissitudes	vicissitude	NOUN
ajiss-1137	5	5	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	5	6	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	5	7	ulema	ulema	NOUN
ajiss-1137	5	8	during	during	ADP
ajiss-1137	5	9	a	a	DET
ajiss-1137	5	10	period	period	NOUN
ajiss-1137	5	11	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	5	12	dramatic	dramatic	ADJ
ajiss-1137	5	13	change	change	NOUN
ajiss-1137	5	14	from	from	ADP
ajiss-1137	5	15	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	5	16	late	late	ADJ
ajiss-1137	5	17	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ
ajiss-1137	5	18	century	century	NOUN
ajiss-1137	5	19	until	until	ADP
ajiss-1137	5	20	roughly	roughly	ADV
ajiss-1137	5	21	1960	1960	NUM
ajiss-1137	5	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	6	1	bein	bein	NOUN
ajiss-1137	6	2	shows	show	VERB
ajiss-1137	6	3	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	6	4	multiple	multiple	ADJ
ajiss-1137	6	5	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ajiss-1137	6	6	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	6	7	ulema	ulema	NOUN
ajiss-1137	6	8	faced	face	VERB
ajiss-1137	6	9	during	during	ADP
ajiss-1137	6	10	successive	successive	ADJ
ajiss-1137	6	11	rounds	round	NOUN
ajiss-1137	6	12	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	6	13	political	political	ADJ
ajiss-1137	6	14	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	6	15	social	social	ADJ
ajiss-1137	6	16	reform	reform	NOUN
ajiss-1137	6	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	6	18	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	6	19	various	various	ADJ
ajiss-1137	6	20	approaches	approach	NOUN
ajiss-1137	6	21	that	that	PRON
ajiss-1137	6	22	they	they	PRON
ajiss-1137	6	23	took	take	VERB
ajiss-1137	6	24	in	in	ADP
ajiss-1137	6	25	response	response	NOUN
ajiss-1137	6	26	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	7	1	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	7	2	diversity	diversity	NOUN
ajiss-1137	7	3	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	7	4	opinion	opinion	NOUN
ajiss-1137	7	5	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	7	6	political	political	ADJ
ajiss-1137	7	7	orientation	orientation	NOUN
ajiss-1137	7	8	within	within	ADP
ajiss-1137	7	9	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	7	10	ulema	ulema	ADJ
ajiss-1137	7	11	corps	corp	NOUN
ajiss-1137	7	12	are	be	AUX
ajiss-1137	7	13	on	on	ADP
ajiss-1137	7	14	full	full	ADJ
ajiss-1137	7	15	display	display	NOUN
ajiss-1137	7	16	–	–	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	7	17	from	from	ADP
ajiss-1137	7	18	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	7	19	most	most	ADV
ajiss-1137	7	20	ardent	ardent	ADJ
ajiss-1137	7	21	nationalist	nationalist	ADJ
ajiss-1137	7	22	figures	figure	NOUN
ajiss-1137	7	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	7	24	who	who	PRON
ajiss-1137	7	25	supported	support	VERB
ajiss-1137	7	26	state	state	NOUN
ajiss-1137	7	27	reforms	reform	NOUN
ajiss-1137	7	28	in	in	ADP
ajiss-1137	7	29	all	all	DET
ajiss-1137	7	30	respects	respect	NOUN
ajiss-1137	7	31	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	7	32	to	to	ADP
ajiss-1137	7	33	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	7	34	staunchest	staunch	ADJ
ajiss-1137	7	35	enemies	enemy	NOUN
ajiss-1137	7	36	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	7	37	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	7	38	republican	republican	ADJ
ajiss-1137	7	39	regime	regime	NOUN
ajiss-1137	7	40	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	8	1	this	this	DET
ajiss-1137	8	2	book	book	NOUN
ajiss-1137	8	3	conveys	convey	VERB
ajiss-1137	8	4	a	a	DET
ajiss-1137	8	5	nuanced	nuanced	ADJ
ajiss-1137	8	6	understanding	understanding	NOUN
ajiss-1137	8	7	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	8	8	who	who	PRON
ajiss-1137	8	9	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	8	10	turkish	turkish	ADJ
ajiss-1137	8	11	ulema	ulema	X
ajiss-1137	8	12	were	be	AUX
ajiss-1137	8	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	8	14	how	how	SCONJ
ajiss-1137	8	15	they	they	PRON
ajiss-1137	8	16	navigated	navigate	VERB
ajiss-1137	8	17	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	8	18	empire	empire	NOUN
ajiss-1137	8	19	-	-	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	8	20	to	to	ADP
ajiss-1137	8	21	-	-	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	8	22	republic	republic	NOUN
ajiss-1137	8	23	transition	transition	NOUN
ajiss-1137	8	24	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	9	1	over	over	ADP
ajiss-1137	9	2	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	9	3	course	course	NOUN
ajiss-1137	9	4	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	9	5	this	this	DET
ajiss-1137	9	6	history	history	NOUN
ajiss-1137	9	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	9	8	bein	bein	NOUN
ajiss-1137	9	9	charts	chart	NOUN
ajiss-1137	9	10	out	out	ADP
ajiss-1137	9	11	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	9	12	key	key	ADJ
ajiss-1137	9	13	issues	issue	NOUN
ajiss-1137	9	14	for	for	ADP
ajiss-1137	9	15	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	9	16	marginalization	marginalization	NOUN
ajiss-1137	9	17	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	9	18	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	9	19	ulema	ulema	NOUN
ajiss-1137	9	20	with	with	ADP
ajiss-1137	9	21	attention	attention	NOUN
ajiss-1137	9	22	to	to	ADP
ajiss-1137	9	23	both	both	DET
ajiss-1137	9	24	rhetoric	rhetoric	NOUN
ajiss-1137	9	25	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	9	26	actual	actual	ADJ
ajiss-1137	9	27	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
ajiss-1137	9	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	10	1	chapter	chapter	NOUN
ajiss-1137	10	2	2	2	NUM
ajiss-1137	10	3	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
ajiss-1137	10	4	how	how	SCONJ
ajiss-1137	10	5	french	french	ADJ
ajiss-1137	10	6	revolutionary	revolutionary	ADJ
ajiss-1137	10	7	anticlerical	anticlerical	ADJ
ajiss-1137	10	8	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
ajiss-1137	10	9	informed	inform	VERB
ajiss-1137	10	10	public	public	ADJ
ajiss-1137	10	11	perceptions	perception	NOUN
ajiss-1137	10	12	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	10	13	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	10	14	ulema	ulema	NOUN
ajiss-1137	10	15	in	in	ADP
ajiss-1137	10	16	late	late	ADJ
ajiss-1137	10	17	ottoman	ottoman	PROPN
ajiss-1137	10	18	times	time	NOUN
ajiss-1137	10	19	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	11	1	much	much	ADJ
ajiss-1137	11	2	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	11	3	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	11	4	ottoman	ottoman	NOUN
ajiss-1137	11	5	intelligentsia	intelligentsia	NOUN
ajiss-1137	11	6	came	come	VERB
ajiss-1137	11	7	to	to	PART
ajiss-1137	11	8	see	see	VERB
ajiss-1137	11	9	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	11	10	ulema	ulema	NOUN
ajiss-1137	11	11	as	as	ADP
ajiss-1137	11	12	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	11	13	primary	primary	ADJ
ajiss-1137	11	14	obstacle	obstacle	NOUN
ajiss-1137	11	15	to	to	ADP
ajiss-1137	11	16	modernization	modernization	NOUN
ajiss-1137	11	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	11	18	progress	progress	NOUN
ajiss-1137	11	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	11	20	an	an	DET
ajiss-1137	11	21	attitude	attitude	NOUN
ajiss-1137	11	22	which	which	PRON
ajiss-1137	11	23	continued	continue	VERB
ajiss-1137	11	24	into	into	ADP
ajiss-1137	11	25	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	11	26	intensified	intensify	VERB
ajiss-1137	11	27	during	during	ADP
ajiss-1137	11	28	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	11	29	turkish	turkish	ADJ
ajiss-1137	11	30	republic	republic	NOUN
ajiss-1137	11	31	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	12	1	after	after	ADP
ajiss-1137	12	2	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	12	3	1908	1908	NUM
ajiss-1137	12	4	revolution	revolution	NOUN
ajiss-1137	12	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	12	6	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	12	7	ulema	ulema	NOUN
ajiss-1137	12	8	experienced	experience	VERB
ajiss-1137	12	9	unprecedented	unprecedented	ADJ
ajiss-1137	12	10	public	public	ADJ
ajiss-1137	12	11	attacks	attack	NOUN
ajiss-1137	12	12	in	in	ADP
ajiss-1137	12	13	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	12	14	media	medium	NOUN
ajiss-1137	12	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	12	16	which	which	PRON
ajiss-1137	12	17	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	12	18	author	author	NOUN
ajiss-1137	12	19	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
ajiss-1137	12	20	here	here	ADV
ajiss-1137	12	21	with	with	ADP
ajiss-1137	12	22	diverse	diverse	ADJ
ajiss-1137	12	23	primary	primary	ADJ
ajiss-1137	12	24	materials	material	NOUN
ajiss-1137	12	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	13	1	it	it	PRON
ajiss-1137	13	2	was	be	AUX
ajiss-1137	13	3	not	not	PART
ajiss-1137	13	4	only	only	ADV
ajiss-1137	13	5	secular	secular	ADJ
ajiss-1137	13	6	nationalists	nationalist	NOUN
ajiss-1137	13	7	but	but	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	13	8	also	also	ADV
ajiss-1137	13	9	devout	devout	ADJ
ajiss-1137	13	10	“	"	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	13	11	islamic	islamic	ADJ
ajiss-1137	13	12	intellectuals	intellectual	NOUN
ajiss-1137	13	13	”	"	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	13	14	–	–	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	13	15	non	non	ADJ
ajiss-1137	13	16	-	-	ADJ
ajiss-1137	13	17	ulema	ulema	ADJ
ajiss-1137	13	18	intelligentsia	intelligentsia	NOUN
ajiss-1137	13	19	–	–	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	13	20	who	who	PRON
ajiss-1137	13	21	criticized	criticize	VERB
ajiss-1137	13	22	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	13	23	ulema	ulema	NOUN
ajiss-1137	13	24	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	13	25	demanded	demand	VERB
ajiss-1137	13	26	a	a	DET
ajiss-1137	13	27	thoroughgoing	thoroughgoe	VERB
ajiss-1137	13	28	reform	reform	NOUN
ajiss-1137	13	29	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	13	30	religious	religious	ADJ
ajiss-1137	13	31	education	education	NOUN
ajiss-1137	13	32	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	14	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
ajiss-1137	14	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	14	3	islamic	islamic	ADJ
ajiss-1137	14	4	intellectuals	intellectual	NOUN
ajiss-1137	14	5	viewed	view	VERB
ajiss-1137	14	6	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	14	7	government	government	NOUN
ajiss-1137	14	8	as	as	ADP
ajiss-1137	14	9	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	14	10	primary	primary	ADJ
ajiss-1137	14	11	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
ajiss-1137	14	12	for	for	ADP
ajiss-1137	14	13	modernizing	modernize	VERB
ajiss-1137	14	14	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	14	15	imposing	impose	VERB
ajiss-1137	14	16	reform	reform	NOUN
ajiss-1137	14	17	upon	upon	SCONJ
ajiss-1137	14	18	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	14	19	men	man	NOUN
ajiss-1137	14	20	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	14	21	religion	religion	NOUN
ajiss-1137	14	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	15	1	in	in	ADP
ajiss-1137	15	2	fact	fact	NOUN
ajiss-1137	15	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	15	4	both	both	DET
ajiss-1137	15	5	book	book	NOUN
ajiss-1137	15	6	reviews	review	VERB
ajiss-1137	15	7	115	115	NUM
ajiss-1137	15	8	reform	reform	NOUN
ajiss-1137	15	9	-	-	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	15	10	minded	minded	ADJ
ajiss-1137	15	11	ulema	ulema	NOUN
ajiss-1137	15	12	as	as	ADV
ajiss-1137	15	13	well	well	ADV
ajiss-1137	15	14	as	as	ADP
ajiss-1137	15	15	more	more	ADV
ajiss-1137	15	16	defensive	defensive	ADJ
ajiss-1137	15	17	members	member	NOUN
ajiss-1137	15	18	shared	share	VERB
ajiss-1137	15	19	this	this	DET
ajiss-1137	15	20	statecentric	statecentric	NOUN
ajiss-1137	15	21	view	view	NOUN
ajiss-1137	15	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	15	23	in	in	ADP
ajiss-1137	15	24	which	which	PRON
ajiss-1137	15	25	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	15	26	ulema	ulema	NOUN
ajiss-1137	15	27	had	have	VERB
ajiss-1137	15	28	a	a	DET
ajiss-1137	15	29	role	role	NOUN
ajiss-1137	15	30	within	within	ADP
ajiss-1137	15	31	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	15	32	state	state	NOUN
ajiss-1137	15	33	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	16	1	yet	yet	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	16	2	it	it	PRON
ajiss-1137	16	3	was	be	AUX
ajiss-1137	16	4	not	not	PART
ajiss-1137	16	5	only	only	ADV
ajiss-1137	16	6	from	from	ADP
ajiss-1137	16	7	without	without	ADP
ajiss-1137	16	8	but	but	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	16	9	also	also	ADV
ajiss-1137	16	10	from	from	ADP
ajiss-1137	16	11	within	within	ADP
ajiss-1137	16	12	that	that	DET
ajiss-1137	16	13	calls	call	NOUN
ajiss-1137	16	14	for	for	ADP
ajiss-1137	16	15	reform	reform	NOUN
ajiss-1137	16	16	originated	originate	VERB
ajiss-1137	16	17	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	17	1	some	some	DET
ajiss-1137	17	2	members	member	NOUN
ajiss-1137	17	3	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	17	4	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	17	5	ulema	ulema	NOUN
ajiss-1137	17	6	themselves	themselves	PRON
ajiss-1137	17	7	embraced	embrace	VERB
ajiss-1137	17	8	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	17	9	criticisms	criticism	NOUN
ajiss-1137	17	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	17	11	pushed	push	VERB
ajiss-1137	17	12	for	for	ADP
ajiss-1137	17	13	change	change	NOUN
ajiss-1137	17	14	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	18	1	however	however	ADV
ajiss-1137	18	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	18	3	bein	bein	NOUN
ajiss-1137	18	4	separates	separate	VERB
ajiss-1137	18	5	rhetoric	rhetoric	NOUN
ajiss-1137	18	6	from	from	ADP
ajiss-1137	18	7	action	action	NOUN
ajiss-1137	18	8	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	18	9	makes	make	VERB
ajiss-1137	18	10	it	it	PRON
ajiss-1137	18	11	clear	clear	ADJ
ajiss-1137	18	12	that	that	SCONJ
ajiss-1137	18	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	18	14	despite	despite	SCONJ
ajiss-1137	18	15	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	18	16	voluminous	voluminous	ADJ
ajiss-1137	18	17	conversations	conversation	NOUN
ajiss-1137	18	18	in	in	ADP
ajiss-1137	18	19	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	18	20	post-1908	post-1908	NOUN
ajiss-1137	18	21	public	public	ADJ
ajiss-1137	18	22	sphere	sphere	NOUN
ajiss-1137	18	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	18	24	no	no	DET
ajiss-1137	18	25	“	"	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	18	26	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
ajiss-1137	18	27	reforms	reform	NOUN
ajiss-1137	18	28	”	"	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	18	29	occurred	occur	VERB
ajiss-1137	18	30	in	in	ADP
ajiss-1137	18	31	any	any	DET
ajiss-1137	18	32	islamic	islamic	ADJ
ajiss-1137	18	33	institutions	institution	NOUN
ajiss-1137	18	34	prior	prior	ADV
ajiss-1137	18	35	to	to	ADP
ajiss-1137	18	36	1914	1914	NUM
ajiss-1137	18	37	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	19	1	this	this	PRON
ajiss-1137	19	2	is	be	AUX
ajiss-1137	19	3	a	a	DET
ajiss-1137	19	4	helpful	helpful	ADJ
ajiss-1137	19	5	distinction	distinction	NOUN
ajiss-1137	19	6	as	as	SCONJ
ajiss-1137	19	7	some	some	DET
ajiss-1137	19	8	accounts	account	NOUN
ajiss-1137	19	9	place	place	VERB
ajiss-1137	19	10	more	more	ADJ
ajiss-1137	19	11	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
ajiss-1137	19	12	on	on	ADP
ajiss-1137	19	13	what	what	PRON
ajiss-1137	19	14	was	be	AUX
ajiss-1137	19	15	written	write	VERB
ajiss-1137	19	16	or	or	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	19	17	said	say	VERB
ajiss-1137	19	18	rather	rather	ADV
ajiss-1137	19	19	than	than	ADP
ajiss-1137	19	20	on	on	ADP
ajiss-1137	19	21	actual	actual	ADJ
ajiss-1137	19	22	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
ajiss-1137	19	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	20	1	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	20	2	book	book	NOUN
ajiss-1137	20	3	spells	spell	VERB
ajiss-1137	20	4	out	out	ADP
ajiss-1137	20	5	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	20	6	reform	reform	NOUN
ajiss-1137	20	7	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	20	8	ulema	ulema	ADJ
ajiss-1137	20	9	institutions	institution	NOUN
ajiss-1137	20	10	with	with	ADP
ajiss-1137	20	11	clarity	clarity	NOUN
ajiss-1137	20	12	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	21	1	bein	bein	NOUN
ajiss-1137	21	2	provides	provide	VERB
ajiss-1137	21	3	not	not	PART
ajiss-1137	21	4	only	only	ADV
ajiss-1137	21	5	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	21	6	facts	fact	NOUN
ajiss-1137	21	7	but	but	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	21	8	also	also	ADV
ajiss-1137	21	9	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	21	10	meaning	meaning	NOUN
ajiss-1137	21	11	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	21	12	these	these	DET
ajiss-1137	21	13	facts	fact	NOUN
ajiss-1137	21	14	within	within	ADP
ajiss-1137	21	15	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	21	16	context	context	NOUN
ajiss-1137	21	17	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	21	18	late	late	ADJ
ajiss-1137	21	19	ottoman	ottoman	NOUN
ajiss-1137	21	20	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	21	21	modern	modern	ADJ
ajiss-1137	21	22	turkish	turkish	ADJ
ajiss-1137	21	23	political	political	ADJ
ajiss-1137	21	24	life	life	NOUN
ajiss-1137	21	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	22	1	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	22	2	portion	portion	NOUN
ajiss-1137	22	3	on	on	ADP
ajiss-1137	22	4	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	22	5	modernization	modernization	NOUN
ajiss-1137	22	6	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	22	7	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	22	8	late	late	ADJ
ajiss-1137	22	9	ottoman	ottoman	NOUN
ajiss-1137	22	10	madrasahs	madrasah	NOUN
ajiss-1137	22	11	is	be	AUX
ajiss-1137	22	12	particularly	particularly	ADV
ajiss-1137	22	13	interesting	interesting	ADJ
ajiss-1137	22	14	as	as	SCONJ
ajiss-1137	22	15	it	it	PRON
ajiss-1137	22	16	shows	show	VERB
ajiss-1137	22	17	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	22	18	fissures	fissure	NOUN
ajiss-1137	22	19	between	between	ADP
ajiss-1137	22	20	various	various	ADJ
ajiss-1137	22	21	ulema	ulema	ADJ
ajiss-1137	22	22	factions	faction	NOUN
ajiss-1137	22	23	particularly	particularly	ADV
ajiss-1137	22	24	between	between	ADP
ajiss-1137	22	25	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	22	26	actual	actual	ADJ
ajiss-1137	22	27	students	student	NOUN
ajiss-1137	22	28	in	in	ADP
ajiss-1137	22	29	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	22	30	madrasahs	madrasah	NOUN
ajiss-1137	22	31	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	22	32	who	who	PRON
ajiss-1137	22	33	largely	largely	ADV
ajiss-1137	22	34	favored	favor	VERB
ajiss-1137	22	35	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	22	36	reformed	reform	VERB
ajiss-1137	22	37	system	system	NOUN
ajiss-1137	22	38	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	22	39	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	22	40	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	22	41	conservative	conservative	ADJ
ajiss-1137	22	42	ulema	ulema	NOUN
ajiss-1137	22	43	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	22	44	who	who	PRON
ajiss-1137	22	45	wanted	want	VERB
ajiss-1137	22	46	to	to	PART
ajiss-1137	22	47	reverse	reverse	VERB
ajiss-1137	22	48	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	22	49	reforms	reform	NOUN
ajiss-1137	22	50	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	22	51	oppose	oppose	VERB
ajiss-1137	22	52	all	all	DET
ajiss-1137	22	53	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ajiss-1137	22	54	to	to	ADP
ajiss-1137	22	55	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	22	56	ulema	ulema	X
ajiss-1137	22	57	’s	’s	PART
ajiss-1137	22	58	political	political	ADJ
ajiss-1137	22	59	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	22	60	social	social	ADJ
ajiss-1137	22	61	position	position	NOUN
ajiss-1137	22	62	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	23	1	bein	bein	NOUN
ajiss-1137	23	2	closely	closely	ADV
ajiss-1137	23	3	traces	trace	VERB
ajiss-1137	23	4	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	23	5	tumultuous	tumultuous	ADJ
ajiss-1137	23	6	career	career	NOUN
ajiss-1137	23	7	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	23	8	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	23	9	leader	leader	NOUN
ajiss-1137	23	10	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	23	11	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	23	12	conservative	conservative	ADJ
ajiss-1137	23	13	ulema	ulema	X
ajiss-1137	23	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	23	15	mustafa	mustafa	PROPN
ajiss-1137	23	16	sabri	sabri	PROPN
ajiss-1137	23	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	23	18	who	who	PRON
ajiss-1137	23	19	served	serve	VERB
ajiss-1137	23	20	twice	twice	DET
ajiss-1137	23	21	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	23	22	ottoman	ottoman	NOUN
ajiss-1137	23	23	shaykh	shaykh	PROPN
ajiss-1137	23	24	al	al	PROPN
ajiss-1137	23	25	-	-	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	23	26	islam	islam	PROPN
ajiss-1137	23	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	24	1	sabri	sabri	PROPN
ajiss-1137	24	2	represented	represent	VERB
ajiss-1137	24	3	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	24	4	most	most	ADV
ajiss-1137	24	5	extreme	extreme	ADJ
ajiss-1137	24	6	position	position	NOUN
ajiss-1137	24	7	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	24	8	ulema	ulema	ADJ
ajiss-1137	24	9	opposition	opposition	NOUN
ajiss-1137	24	10	to	to	ADP
ajiss-1137	24	11	nationalism	nationalism	NOUN
ajiss-1137	24	12	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	24	13	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	24	14	reform	reform	NOUN
ajiss-1137	24	15	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	24	16	islamic	islamic	ADJ
ajiss-1137	24	17	institutions	institution	NOUN
ajiss-1137	24	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	25	1	he	he	PRON
ajiss-1137	25	2	publicly	publicly	ADV
ajiss-1137	25	3	resigned	resign	VERB
ajiss-1137	25	4	from	from	ADP
ajiss-1137	25	5	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	25	6	turkish	turkish	ADJ
ajiss-1137	25	7	nation	nation	NOUN
ajiss-1137	25	8	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	25	9	repeatedly	repeatedly	ADV
ajiss-1137	25	10	argued	argue	VERB
ajiss-1137	25	11	that	that	SCONJ
ajiss-1137	25	12	colonial	colonial	ADJ
ajiss-1137	25	13	rule	rule	NOUN
ajiss-1137	25	14	was	be	AUX
ajiss-1137	25	15	preferable	preferable	ADJ
ajiss-1137	25	16	to	to	ADP
ajiss-1137	25	17	independence	independence	NOUN
ajiss-1137	25	18	that	that	PRON
ajiss-1137	25	19	entailed	entail	VERB
ajiss-1137	25	20	religious	religious	ADJ
ajiss-1137	25	21	reform	reform	NOUN
ajiss-1137	25	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	26	1	sabri	sabri	NOUN
ajiss-1137	26	2	lived	live	VERB
ajiss-1137	26	3	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	26	4	latter	latter	ADJ
ajiss-1137	26	5	portion	portion	NOUN
ajiss-1137	26	6	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	26	7	his	his	PRON
ajiss-1137	26	8	life	life	NOUN
ajiss-1137	26	9	in	in	ADP
ajiss-1137	26	10	exile	exile	NOUN
ajiss-1137	26	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	26	12	an	an	DET
ajiss-1137	26	13	indefatigable	indefatigable	ADJ
ajiss-1137	26	14	critic	critic	NOUN
ajiss-1137	26	15	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	26	16	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	26	17	turkish	turkish	ADJ
ajiss-1137	26	18	republic	republic	NOUN
ajiss-1137	26	19	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	27	1	bein	bein	PROPN
ajiss-1137	27	2	shows	show	VERB
ajiss-1137	27	3	us	we	PRON
ajiss-1137	27	4	that	that	SCONJ
ajiss-1137	27	5	most	most	ADJ
ajiss-1137	27	6	ulema	ulema	X
ajiss-1137	27	7	charted	chart	VERB
ajiss-1137	27	8	a	a	DET
ajiss-1137	27	9	more	more	ADV
ajiss-1137	27	10	centrist	centrist	ADJ
ajiss-1137	27	11	course	course	NOUN
ajiss-1137	27	12	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	27	13	remained	remain	VERB
ajiss-1137	27	14	in	in	ADP
ajiss-1137	27	15	turkey	turkey	NOUN
ajiss-1137	27	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	28	1	some	some	DET
ajiss-1137	28	2	very	very	ADV
ajiss-1137	28	3	important	important	ADJ
ajiss-1137	28	4	ulema	ulema	ADJ
ajiss-1137	28	5	leaders	leader	NOUN
ajiss-1137	28	6	worked	work	VERB
ajiss-1137	28	7	with	with	ADP
ajiss-1137	28	8	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	28	9	ankara	ankara	PROPN
ajiss-1137	28	10	government	government	NOUN
ajiss-1137	28	11	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	28	12	mustafa	mustafa	PROPN
ajiss-1137	28	13	kemal	kemal	PROPN
ajiss-1137	28	14	not	not	PART
ajiss-1137	28	15	because	because	SCONJ
ajiss-1137	28	16	they	they	PRON
ajiss-1137	28	17	favored	favor	VERB
ajiss-1137	28	18	secularizing	secularizing	NOUN
ajiss-1137	28	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	28	20	nationalist	nationalist	ADJ
ajiss-1137	28	21	reforms	reform	NOUN
ajiss-1137	28	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	28	23	but	but	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	28	24	rather	rather	ADV
ajiss-1137	28	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	28	26	because	because	SCONJ
ajiss-1137	28	27	they	they	PRON
ajiss-1137	28	28	wanted	want	VERB
ajiss-1137	28	29	to	to	PART
ajiss-1137	28	30	influence	influence	VERB
ajiss-1137	28	31	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	28	32	reforms	reform	NOUN
ajiss-1137	28	33	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	28	34	ensure	ensure	VERB
ajiss-1137	28	35	that	that	SCONJ
ajiss-1137	28	36	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	28	37	ottoman	ottoman	NOUN
ajiss-1137	28	38	islamic	islamic	ADJ
ajiss-1137	28	39	heritage	heritage	NOUN
ajiss-1137	28	40	was	be	AUX
ajiss-1137	28	41	not	not	PART
ajiss-1137	28	42	completely	completely	ADV
ajiss-1137	28	43	lost	lose	VERB
ajiss-1137	28	44	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	29	1	bein	bein	NOUN
ajiss-1137	29	2	calls	call	VERB
ajiss-1137	29	3	their	their	PRON
ajiss-1137	29	4	mode	mode	NOUN
ajiss-1137	29	5	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	29	6	working	work	VERB
ajiss-1137	29	7	with	with	ADP
ajiss-1137	29	8	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	29	9	new	new	ADJ
ajiss-1137	29	10	regime	regime	NOUN
ajiss-1137	29	11	“	"	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	29	12	qualified	qualified	ADJ
ajiss-1137	29	13	cooperation	cooperation	NOUN
ajiss-1137	29	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	29	15	”	"	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	29	16	whereby	whereby	SCONJ
ajiss-1137	29	17	they	they	PRON
ajiss-1137	29	18	gave	give	VERB
ajiss-1137	29	19	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN
ajiss-1137	29	20	to	to	ADP
ajiss-1137	29	21	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	29	22	reforms	reform	NOUN
ajiss-1137	29	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	29	24	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	29	25	new	new	ADJ
ajiss-1137	29	26	religious	religious	ADJ
ajiss-1137	29	27	hierarchy	hierarchy	NOUN
ajiss-1137	29	28	–	–	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	29	29	diyanet	diyanet	NOUN
ajiss-1137	29	30	–	–	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	29	31	in	in	ADP
ajiss-1137	29	32	exchange	exchange	NOUN
ajiss-1137	29	33	for	for	ADP
ajiss-1137	29	34	a	a	DET
ajiss-1137	29	35	degree	degree	NOUN
ajiss-1137	29	36	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	29	37	control	control	NOUN
ajiss-1137	29	38	over	over	ADP
ajiss-1137	29	39	those	those	DET
ajiss-1137	29	40	reforms	reform	NOUN
ajiss-1137	29	41	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	30	1	scholars	scholar	NOUN
ajiss-1137	30	2	like	like	ADP
ajiss-1137	30	3	ahmet	ahmet	PROPN
ajiss-1137	30	4	akseki	akseki	PROPN
ajiss-1137	30	5	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	30	6	muhammed	muhammed	PROPN
ajiss-1137	30	7	hamdi	hamdi	PROPN
ajiss-1137	30	8	elmalılı	elmalılı	PROPN
ajiss-1137	30	9	did	do	VERB
ajiss-1137	30	10	their	their	PRON
ajiss-1137	30	11	utmost	utmost	ADJ
ajiss-1137	30	12	to	to	PART
ajiss-1137	30	13	impede	impede	VERB
ajiss-1137	30	14	radical	radical	ADJ
ajiss-1137	30	15	reform	reform	NOUN
ajiss-1137	30	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	30	17	transmit	transmit	VERB
ajiss-1137	30	18	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajiss-1137	30	19	scholarship	scholarship	NOUN
ajiss-1137	30	20	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	30	21	islamic	islamic	ADJ
ajiss-1137	30	22	sensibilities	sensibility	NOUN
ajiss-1137	30	23	into	into	ADP
ajiss-1137	30	24	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	30	25	new	new	ADJ
ajiss-1137	30	26	nationstate	nationstate	NOUN
ajiss-1137	30	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	31	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
ajiss-1137	31	2	their	their	PRON
ajiss-1137	31	3	weak	weak	ADJ
ajiss-1137	31	4	political	political	ADJ
ajiss-1137	31	5	position	position	NOUN
ajiss-1137	31	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	31	7	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	31	8	ulema	ulema	NOUN
ajiss-1137	31	9	were	be	AUX
ajiss-1137	31	10	successful	successful	ADJ
ajiss-1137	31	11	in	in	ADP
ajiss-1137	31	12	preventing	prevent	VERB
ajiss-1137	31	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	31	14	moderating	moderate	VERB
ajiss-1137	31	15	many	many	ADJ
ajiss-1137	31	16	aspects	aspect	NOUN
ajiss-1137	31	17	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	31	18	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	31	19	nationalist	nationalist	ADJ
ajiss-1137	31	20	agenda	agenda	NOUN
ajiss-1137	31	21	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	32	1	bein	bein	PROPN
ajiss-1137	32	2	’s	’s	PART
ajiss-1137	32	3	study	study	NOUN
ajiss-1137	32	4	is	be	AUX
ajiss-1137	32	5	fine	fine	ADV
ajiss-1137	32	6	-	-	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	32	7	grained	grain	VERB
ajiss-1137	32	8	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	32	9	buttressed	buttress	VERB
ajiss-1137	32	10	by	by	ADP
ajiss-1137	32	11	ample	ample	ADJ
ajiss-1137	32	12	archival	archival	NOUN
ajiss-1137	32	13	research	research	NOUN
ajiss-1137	32	14	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	33	1	it	it	PRON
ajiss-1137	33	2	opens	open	VERB
ajiss-1137	33	3	up	up	ADP
ajiss-1137	33	4	new	new	ADJ
ajiss-1137	33	5	vistas	vista	NOUN
ajiss-1137	33	6	on	on	ADP
ajiss-1137	33	7	turkish	turkish	ADJ
ajiss-1137	33	8	history	history	NOUN
ajiss-1137	33	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajiss-1137	33	10	enriches	enrich	VERB
ajiss-1137	33	11	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	33	12	study	study	NOUN
ajiss-1137	33	13	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	33	14	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	33	15	modern	modern	ADJ
ajiss-1137	33	16	ulema	ulema	X
ajiss-1137	33	17	.	.	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	34	1	brett	brett	PROPN
ajiss-1137	34	2	wilson	wilson	PROPN
ajiss-1137	34	3	assistant	assistant	PROPN
ajiss-1137	34	4	professor	professor	PROPN
ajiss-1137	34	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	34	6	department	department	NOUN
ajiss-1137	34	7	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	34	8	religious	religious	ADJ
ajiss-1137	34	9	studies	study	NOUN
ajiss-1137	34	10	macalester	macalester	PROPN
ajiss-1137	34	11	college	college	PROPN
ajiss-1137	34	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	34	13	st	st	PROPN
ajiss-1137	34	14	.	.	PROPN
ajiss-1137	34	15	paul	paul	PROPN
ajiss-1137	34	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajiss-1137	34	17	mn	mn	PROPN
ajiss-1137	34	18	116	116	NUM
ajiss-1137	34	19	the	the	DET
ajiss-1137	34	20	american	american	PROPN
ajiss-1137	34	21	journal	journal	PROPN
ajiss-1137	34	22	of	of	ADP
ajiss-1137	34	23	islamic	islamic	ADJ
ajiss-1137	34	24	social	social	ADJ
ajiss-1137	34	25	sciences	science	NOUN
ajiss-1137	34	26	30:2	30:2	NUM