id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
stem-8156	1	1	211	211	NUM
stem-8156	1	2	american	american	ADJ
stem-8156	1	3	journal	journal	PROPN
stem-8156	1	4	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	1	5	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	1	6	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	1	7	literacy	literacy	NOUN
stem-8156	1	8	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	1	9	learning	learn	VERB
stem-8156	1	10	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	1	11	stem	stem	NOUN
stem-8156	1	12	education	education	NOUN
stem-8156	1	13	www	www	PROPN
stem-8156	1	14	.	.	PROPN
stem-8156	2	1	grnjournal.us	grnjournal.us	PROPN
stem-8156	2	2	american	american	PROPN
stem-8156	2	3	journal	journal	PROPN
stem-8156	2	4	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	2	5	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	2	6	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	2	7	literacy	literacy	NOUN
stem-8156	2	8	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	2	9	learning	learn	VERB
stem-8156	2	10	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	2	11	stem	stem	NOUN
stem-8156	2	12	education	education	NOUN
stem-8156	2	13	volume	volume	NOUN
stem-8156	2	14	3	3	NUM
stem-8156	2	15	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	2	16	issue	issue	NOUN
stem-8156	2	17	7	7	NUM
stem-8156	2	18	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	2	19	2025	2025	NUM
stem-8156	2	20	issn	issn	X
stem-8156	2	21	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	2	22	e	e	NOUN
stem-8156	2	23	):	):	PUNCT
stem-8156	2	24	2993	2993	NUM
stem-8156	2	25	-	-	SYM
stem-8156	2	26	2769	2769	NUM
stem-8156	2	27	a	a	DET
stem-8156	2	28	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
stem-8156	2	29	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	2	30	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	2	31	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	2	32	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	2	33	some	some	DET
stem-8156	2	34	selected	select	VERB
stem-8156	2	35	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	2	36	-arabic	-arabic	PROPN
stem-8156	2	37	facebook	facebook	PROPN
stem-8156	2	38	’s	’s	PART
stem-8156	2	39	reels	reel	NOUN
stem-8156	2	40	conversations	conversation	NOUN
stem-8156	2	41	asst	asst	NOUN
stem-8156	2	42	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	3	1	prof	prof	PROPN
stem-8156	3	2	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	4	1	taqwa	taqwa	PROPN
stem-8156	4	2	rashid	rashid	PROPN
stem-8156	4	3	juma'a	juma'a	PROPN
stem-8156	4	4	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	4	5	yasameen	yasameen	PROPN
stem-8156	4	6	mahdi	mahdi	PROPN
stem-8156	4	7	ali	ali	PROPN
stem-8156	4	8	open	open	PROPN
stem-8156	4	9	educational	educational	ADJ
stem-8156	4	10	college	college	NOUN
stem-8156	4	11	/	/	SYM
stem-8156	4	12	center	center	NOUN
stem-8156	4	13	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	4	14	najaf	najaf	PROPN
stem-8156	4	15	taqwaa.1988@gmail.com	taqwaa.1988@gmail.com	X
stem-8156	4	16	abstract	abstract	NOUN
stem-8156	4	17	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	4	18	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	4	19	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	4	20	a	a	DET
stem-8156	4	21	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	4	22	act	act	NOUN
stem-8156	4	23	aimed	aim	VERB
stem-8156	4	24	at	at	ADP
stem-8156	4	25	reducing	reduce	VERB
stem-8156	4	26	assertion	assertion	NOUN
stem-8156	4	27	force	force	NOUN
stem-8156	4	28	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	4	29	conveying	convey	VERB
stem-8156	4	30	politeness	politeness	NOUN
stem-8156	4	31	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	4	32	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	4	33	managing	manage	VERB
stem-8156	4	34	difficult	difficult	ADJ
stem-8156	4	35	conversationalists	conversationalist	NOUN
stem-8156	4	36	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	4	37	electronic	electronic	ADJ
stem-8156	4	38	communication	communication	NOUN
stem-8156	4	39	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	4	40	particularly	particularly	ADV
stem-8156	4	41	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	4	42	the	the	DET
stem-8156	4	43	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	4	44	dialect	dialect	NOUN
stem-8156	4	45	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	5	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	5	2	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	5	3	explores	explore	VERB
stem-8156	5	4	the	the	DET
stem-8156	5	5	use	use	NOUN
stem-8156	5	6	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	5	7	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	5	8	strategies	strategy	NOUN
stem-8156	5	9	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	5	10	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	5	11	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	5	12	facebook	facebook	PROPN
stem-8156	5	13	reels	reel	NOUN
stem-8156	5	14	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	5	15	focusing	focus	VERB
stem-8156	5	16	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	5	17	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	5	18	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
stem-8156	5	19	function	function	NOUN
stem-8156	5	20	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	5	21	sociocultural	sociocultural	ADJ
stem-8156	5	22	implications	implication	NOUN
stem-8156	5	23	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	5	24	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	5	25	identifies	identify	VERB
stem-8156	5	26	similarities	similarity	NOUN
stem-8156	5	27	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	5	28	differences	difference	NOUN
stem-8156	5	29	between	between	ADP
stem-8156	5	30	english	english	PROPN
stem-8156	5	31	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	5	32	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	5	33	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	5	34	expressing	express	VERB
stem-8156	5	35	this	this	DET
stem-8156	5	36	concept	concept	NOUN
stem-8156	5	37	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	6	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	6	2	research	research	NOUN
stem-8156	6	3	will	will	AUX
stem-8156	6	4	use	use	VERB
stem-8156	6	5	a	a	DET
stem-8156	6	6	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
stem-8156	6	7	approach	approach	NOUN
stem-8156	6	8	to	to	PART
stem-8156	6	9	analyse	analyse	VERB
stem-8156	6	10	how	how	SCONJ
stem-8156	6	11	the	the	DET
stem-8156	6	12	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	6	13	dialect	dialect	NOUN
stem-8156	6	14	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	6	15	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	6	16	incorporates	incorporate	VERB
stem-8156	6	17	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	6	18	into	into	ADP
stem-8156	6	19	daily	daily	ADJ
stem-8156	6	20	comments	comment	NOUN
stem-8156	6	21	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	6	22	interactions	interaction	NOUN
stem-8156	6	23	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	6	24	shortvideo	shortvideo	NOUN
stem-8156	6	25	sharing	sharing	NOUN
stem-8156	6	26	platforms	platform	NOUN
stem-8156	6	27	like	like	ADP
stem-8156	6	28	facebook	facebook	NOUN
stem-8156	6	29	reels	reel	NOUN
stem-8156	6	30	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	7	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	7	2	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	7	3	utilised	utilise	VERB
stem-8156	7	4	facebook	facebook	PROPN
stem-8156	7	5	reels	reel	NOUN
stem-8156	7	6	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	7	7	comments	comment	NOUN
stem-8156	7	8	as	as	SCONJ
stem-8156	7	9	data	datum	NOUN
stem-8156	7	10	sources	source	NOUN
stem-8156	7	11	to	to	PART
stem-8156	7	12	examine	examine	VERB
stem-8156	7	13	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	7	14	devices	device	NOUN
stem-8156	7	15	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	7	16	including	include	VERB
stem-8156	7	17	modal	modal	ADJ
stem-8156	7	18	verbs	verb	NOUN
stem-8156	7	19	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	7	20	conditional	conditional	ADJ
stem-8156	7	21	phrases	phrase	NOUN
stem-8156	7	22	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	7	23	indirect	indirect	ADJ
stem-8156	7	24	expressions	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	7	25	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	7	26	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	7	27	culturally	culturally	ADV
stem-8156	7	28	specific	specific	ADJ
stem-8156	7	29	phrases	phrase	NOUN
stem-8156	7	30	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	7	31	which	which	PRON
stem-8156	7	32	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	7	33	typically	typically	ADV
stem-8156	7	34	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	7	35	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	7	36	the	the	DET
stem-8156	7	37	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	7	38	dialect	dialect	NOUN
stem-8156	7	39	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	7	40	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	7	41	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	8	1	to	to	PART
stem-8156	8	2	achieve	achieve	VERB
stem-8156	8	3	the	the	DET
stem-8156	8	4	aim	aim	NOUN
stem-8156	8	5	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	8	6	the	the	DET
stem-8156	8	7	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	8	8	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	8	9	the	the	DET
stem-8156	8	10	research	research	NOUN
stem-8156	8	11	investigates	investigate	VERB
stem-8156	8	12	the	the	DET
stem-8156	8	13	validity	validity	NOUN
stem-8156	8	14	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	8	15	three	three	NUM
stem-8156	8	16	hypotheses	hypothesis	NOUN
stem-8156	8	17	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	8	18	1	1	X
stem-8156	8	19	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	8	20	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	8	21	people	people	NOUN
stem-8156	8	22	use	use	VERB
stem-8156	8	23	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	8	24	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	8	25	daily	daily	ADJ
stem-8156	8	26	conversations	conversation	NOUN
stem-8156	8	27	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	8	28	2	2	X
stem-8156	8	29	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	8	30	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	8	31	influences	influence	VERB
stem-8156	8	32	speakers	speaker	NOUN
stem-8156	8	33	'	'	PART
stem-8156	8	34	speech	speech	NOUN
stem-8156	8	35	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	8	36	social	social	ADJ
stem-8156	8	37	media	medium	NOUN
stem-8156	8	38	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	8	39	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	8	40	3	3	X
stem-8156	8	41	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	8	42	the	the	DET
stem-8156	8	43	speakers	speaker	NOUN
stem-8156	8	44	'	'	PART
stem-8156	8	45	cultural	cultural	ADJ
stem-8156	8	46	background	background	NOUN
stem-8156	8	47	influences	influence	VERB
stem-8156	8	48	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	8	49	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	8	50	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	9	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	9	2	results	result	NOUN
stem-8156	9	3	showed	show	VERB
stem-8156	9	4	that	that	SCONJ
stem-8156	9	5	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	9	6	serves	serve	VERB
stem-8156	9	7	several	several	ADJ
stem-8156	9	8	functions	function	NOUN
stem-8156	9	9	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	9	10	purposes	purpose	NOUN
stem-8156	9	11	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	9	12	the	the	DET
stem-8156	9	13	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	9	14	dialect	dialect	NOUN
stem-8156	9	15	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	9	16	including	include	VERB
stem-8156	9	17	decreasing	decrease	VERB
stem-8156	9	18	certainty	certainty	NOUN
stem-8156	9	19	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	9	20	showing	show	VERB
stem-8156	9	21	respect	respect	NOUN
stem-8156	9	22	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	9	23	avoiding	avoid	VERB
stem-8156	9	24	confrontation	confrontation	NOUN
stem-8156	9	25	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	9	26	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	9	27	maintaining	maintain	VERB
stem-8156	9	28	social	social	ADJ
stem-8156	9	29	order	order	NOUN
stem-8156	9	30	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	9	31	balance	balance	NOUN
stem-8156	9	32	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	10	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	10	2	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	10	3	recommends	recommend	VERB
stem-8156	10	4	that	that	SCONJ
stem-8156	10	5	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	10	6	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	10	7	a	a	DET
stem-8156	10	8	valuable	valuable	ADJ
stem-8156	10	9	communication	communication	NOUN
stem-8156	10	10	tool	tool	NOUN
stem-8156	10	11	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	10	12	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	10	13	society	society	NOUN
stem-8156	10	14	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	10	15	reflecting	reflect	VERB
stem-8156	10	16	cultural	cultural	ADJ
stem-8156	10	17	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	10	18	social	social	ADJ
stem-8156	10	19	norms	norm	NOUN
stem-8156	10	20	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	11	1	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	11	2	shows	show	VERB
stem-8156	11	3	how	how	SCONJ
stem-8156	11	4	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	11	5	arabic	arabic	NOUN
stem-8156	11	6	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	11	7	changing	change	VERB
stem-8156	11	8	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	11	9	the	the	DET
stem-8156	11	10	digital	digital	ADJ
stem-8156	11	11	world	world	NOUN
stem-8156	11	12	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	11	13	where	where	SCONJ
stem-8156	11	14	culturally	culturally	ADV
stem-8156	11	15	significant	significant	ADJ
stem-8156	11	16	actions	action	NOUN
stem-8156	11	17	mix	mix	VERB
stem-8156	11	18	with	with	ADP
stem-8156	11	19	modern	modern	ADJ
stem-8156	11	20	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	11	21	usage	usage	NOUN
stem-8156	11	22	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	11	23	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
stem-8156	11	24	how	how	SCONJ
stem-8156	11	25	important	important	ADJ
stem-8156	11	26	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	11	27	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	11	28	to	to	PART
stem-8156	11	29	be	be	AUX
stem-8156	11	30	careful	careful	ADJ
stem-8156	11	31	when	when	SCONJ
stem-8156	11	32	communicating	communicate	VERB
stem-8156	11	33	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	12	1	key	key	ADJ
stem-8156	12	2	words	word	NOUN
stem-8156	12	3	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	12	4	pracmatics	pracmatic	NOUN
stem-8156	12	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	12	6	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	12	7	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	12	8	digital	digital	ADJ
stem-8156	12	9	world	world	NOUN
stem-8156	12	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	12	11	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	12	12	-arabic	-arabic	PROPN
stem-8156	12	13	facebook	facebook	PROPN
stem-8156	12	14	’s	’s	PART
stem-8156	12	15	conversations	conversation	NOUN
stem-8156	12	16	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	13	1	1	1	X
stem-8156	13	2	.	.	X
stem-8156	13	3	introduction	introduction	NOUN
stem-8156	13	4	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	13	5	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	13	6	a	a	DET
stem-8156	13	7	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	13	8	concept	concept	NOUN
stem-8156	13	9	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	13	10	academic	academic	ADJ
stem-8156	13	11	writing	writing	NOUN
stem-8156	13	12	that	that	PRON
stem-8156	13	13	emphasises	emphasise	VERB
stem-8156	13	14	caution	caution	NOUN
stem-8156	13	15	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	13	16	indirectness	indirectness	ADJ
stem-8156	13	17	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	13	18	style	style	NOUN
stem-8156	13	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	14	1	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	14	2	involves	involve	VERB
stem-8156	14	3	using	use	VERB
stem-8156	14	4	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	14	5	expressions	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	14	6	to	to	PART
stem-8156	14	7	convey	convey	VERB
stem-8156	14	8	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	14	9	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	14	10	indirectness	indirectness	NOUN
stem-8156	14	11	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	15	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	15	2	concept	concept	NOUN
stem-8156	15	3	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	15	4	wide	wide	ADJ
stem-8156	15	5	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	15	6	interwoven	interwoven	ADJ
stem-8156	15	7	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	15	8	spanning	span	VERB
stem-8156	15	9	various	various	ADJ
stem-8156	15	10	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	15	11	fields	field	NOUN
stem-8156	15	12	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	16	1	its	its	PRON
stem-8156	16	2	devices	device	NOUN
stem-8156	16	3	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	16	4	discussed	discuss	VERB
stem-8156	16	5	from	from	ADP
stem-8156	16	6	various	various	ADJ
stem-8156	16	7	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
stem-8156	16	8	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	16	9	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
stem-8156	16	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	16	11	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	16	12	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	16	13	english	english	PROPN
stem-8156	16	14	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	16	15	the	the	DET
stem-8156	16	16	concept	concept	NOUN
stem-8156	16	17	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	16	18	its	its	PRON
stem-8156	16	19	expressions	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	16	20	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	16	21	well	well	ADV
stem-8156	16	22	-	-	PUNCT
stem-8156	16	23	known	know	VERB
stem-8156	16	24	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	17	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	17	2	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	17	3	explores	explore	VERB
stem-8156	17	4	the	the	DET
stem-8156	17	5	concept	concept	NOUN
stem-8156	17	6	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	17	7	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	17	8	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	17	9	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	17	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	17	11	a	a	DET
stem-8156	17	12	popular	popular	ADJ
stem-8156	17	13	english	english	ADJ
stem-8156	17	14	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	17	15	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	18	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
stem-8156	18	2	its	its	PRON
stem-8156	18	3	expressive	expressive	ADJ
stem-8156	18	4	nature	nature	NOUN
stem-8156	18	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	18	6	the	the	DET
stem-8156	18	7	concept	concept	NOUN
stem-8156	18	8	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	18	9	not	not	PART
stem-8156	18	10	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
stem-8156	18	11	mentioned	mention	VERB
stem-8156	18	12	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	18	13	classified	classify	VERB
stem-8156	18	14	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	18	15	hedges	hedge	NOUN
stem-8156	18	16	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	18	17	standard	standard	ADJ
stem-8156	18	18	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	18	19	grammar	grammar	NOUN
stem-8156	18	20	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	18	21	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
stem-8156	18	22	books	book	NOUN
stem-8156	18	23	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	19	1	however	however	ADV
stem-8156	19	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	19	3	arabic	arabic	PROPN
stem-8156	19	4	has	have	VERB
stem-8156	19	5	its	its	PRON
stem-8156	19	6	own	own	ADJ
stem-8156	19	7	devices	device	NOUN
stem-8156	19	8	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	19	9	expressing	express	VERB
stem-8156	19	10	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	19	11	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	19	12	but	but	CCONJ
stem-8156	19	13	they	they	PRON
stem-8156	19	14	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	19	15	not	not	PART
stem-8156	19	16	classified	classify	VERB
stem-8156	19	17	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	19	18	hedges	hedge	NOUN
stem-8156	19	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	20	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	20	2	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	20	3	aims	aim	VERB
stem-8156	20	4	to	to	PART
stem-8156	20	5	compare	compare	VERB
stem-8156	20	6	these	these	DET
stem-8156	20	7	hedges	hedge	NOUN
stem-8156	20	8	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	20	9	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	20	10	with	with	ADP
stem-8156	20	11	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	20	12	english	english	ADJ
stem-8156	20	13	counterparts	counterpart	NOUN
stem-8156	20	14	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	21	1	languages	language	NOUN
stem-8156	21	2	differ	differ	VERB
stem-8156	21	3	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	21	4	surface	surface	NOUN
stem-8156	21	5	forms	form	NOUN
stem-8156	21	6	like	like	ADP
stem-8156	21	7	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
stem-8156	21	8	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	21	9	phonological	phonological	ADJ
stem-8156	21	10	systems	system	NOUN
stem-8156	21	11	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	21	12	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
stem-8156	21	13	patterns	pattern	NOUN
stem-8156	21	14	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	21	15	but	but	CCONJ
stem-8156	21	16	linguists	linguist	NOUN
stem-8156	21	17	find	find	VERB
stem-8156	21	18	universals	universal	NOUN
stem-8156	21	19	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	21	20	concepts	concept	NOUN
stem-8156	21	21	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	21	22	topics	topic	NOUN
stem-8156	21	23	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	22	1	this	this	DET
stem-8156	22	2	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	22	3	aims	aim	VERB
stem-8156	22	4	to	to	PART
stem-8156	22	5	show	show	VERB
stem-8156	22	6	that	that	SCONJ
stem-8156	22	7	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	22	8	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	22	9	despite	despite	SCONJ
stem-8156	22	10	not	not	PART
stem-8156	22	11	classifying	classify	VERB
stem-8156	22	12	certain	certain	ADJ
stem-8156	22	13	structures	structure	NOUN
stem-8156	22	14	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	22	15	words	word	NOUN
stem-8156	22	16	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	22	17	legal	legal	ADJ
stem-8156	22	18	hedges	hedge	NOUN
stem-8156	22	19	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	22	20	has	have	VERB
stem-8156	22	21	its	its	PRON
stem-8156	22	22	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	22	23	tools	tool	NOUN
stem-8156	22	24	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	22	25	expressing	express	VERB
stem-8156	22	26	the	the	DET
stem-8156	22	27	idea	idea	NOUN
stem-8156	22	28	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	22	29	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	22	30	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	23	1	this	this	DET
stem-8156	23	2	paper	paper	NOUN
stem-8156	23	3	can	can	AUX
stem-8156	23	4	help	help	VERB
stem-8156	23	5	scholars	scholar	NOUN
stem-8156	23	6	study	study	VERB
stem-8156	23	7	universal	universal	ADJ
stem-8156	23	8	similarities	similarity	NOUN
stem-8156	23	9	across	across	ADP
stem-8156	23	10	languages	language	NOUN
stem-8156	23	11	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	23	12	reveal	reveal	VERB
stem-8156	23	13	facts	fact	NOUN
stem-8156	23	14	about	about	ADP
stem-8156	23	15	the	the	DET
stem-8156	23	16	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	23	17	production	production	NOUN
stem-8156	23	18	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	23	19	people	people	NOUN
stem-8156	23	20	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	23	21	different	different	ADJ
stem-8156	23	22	races	race	NOUN
stem-8156	23	23	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	23	24	origins	origin	NOUN
stem-8156	23	25	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	24	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	24	2	problem	problem	NOUN
stem-8156	24	3	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	24	4	the	the	DET
stem-8156	24	5	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	24	6	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	24	7	a	a	DET
stem-8156	24	8	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	24	9	concept	concept	NOUN
stem-8156	24	10	that	that	PRON
stem-8156	24	11	emphasises	emphasise	VERB
stem-8156	24	12	caution	caution	NOUN
stem-8156	24	13	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	24	14	speech	speech	NOUN
stem-8156	24	15	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	25	1	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	25	2	conveys	convey	VERB
stem-8156	25	3	a	a	DET
stem-8156	25	4	212	212	NUM
stem-8156	25	5	american	american	ADJ
stem-8156	25	6	journal	journal	NOUN
stem-8156	25	7	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	25	8	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	25	9	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	25	10	literacy	literacy	NOUN
stem-8156	25	11	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	25	12	learning	learn	VERB
stem-8156	25	13	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	25	14	stem	stem	NOUN
stem-8156	25	15	education	education	NOUN
stem-8156	25	16	www	www	PROPN
stem-8156	25	17	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	26	1	grnjournal.us	grnjournal.us	X
stem-8156	26	2	speaker	speaker	NOUN
stem-8156	26	3	's	's	PART
stem-8156	26	4	attitude	attitude	NOUN
stem-8156	26	5	towards	towards	ADP
stem-8156	26	6	others	other	NOUN
stem-8156	26	7	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	26	8	issues	issue	NOUN
stem-8156	26	9	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	26	10	limiting	limit	VERB
stem-8156	26	11	them	they	PRON
stem-8156	26	12	to	to	PART
stem-8156	26	13	show	show	VERB
stem-8156	26	14	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	26	15	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	26	16	avoid	avoid	VERB
stem-8156	26	17	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	26	18	commitment	commitment	NOUN
stem-8156	26	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	27	1	english	english	PROPN
stem-8156	27	2	linguistics	linguistics	PROPN
stem-8156	27	3	classifies	classify	VERB
stem-8156	27	4	hedges	hedge	NOUN
stem-8156	27	5	differently	differently	ADV
stem-8156	27	6	based	base	VERB
stem-8156	27	7	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	27	8	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	27	9	view	view	NOUN
stem-8156	27	10	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	27	11	whether	whether	SCONJ
stem-8156	27	12	they	they	PRON
stem-8156	27	13	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	27	14	single	single	ADJ
stem-8156	27	15	words	word	NOUN
stem-8156	27	16	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	27	17	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
stem-8156	27	18	structures	structure	NOUN
stem-8156	27	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	28	1	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	28	2	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
stem-8156	28	3	does	do	AUX
stem-8156	28	4	not	not	PART
stem-8156	28	5	mention	mention	VERB
stem-8156	28	6	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	28	7	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	28	8	but	but	CCONJ
stem-8156	28	9	its	its	PRON
stem-8156	28	10	expressions	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	28	11	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	28	12	widely	widely	ADV
stem-8156	28	13	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	28	14	but	but	CCONJ
stem-8156	28	15	not	not	PART
stem-8156	28	16	formally	formally	ADV
stem-8156	28	17	established	establish	VERB
stem-8156	28	18	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	29	1	both	both	CCONJ
stem-8156	29	2	english	english	PROPN
stem-8156	29	3	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	29	4	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	29	5	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
stem-8156	29	6	have	have	VERB
stem-8156	29	7	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	29	8	classifications	classification	NOUN
stem-8156	29	9	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	29	10	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	29	11	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	29	12	but	but	CCONJ
stem-8156	29	13	they	they	PRON
stem-8156	29	14	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	29	15	not	not	PART
stem-8156	29	16	formally	formally	ADV
stem-8156	29	17	established	establish	VERB
stem-8156	29	18	forms	form	NOUN
stem-8156	29	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	30	1	thus	thus	ADV
stem-8156	30	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	30	3	this	this	DET
stem-8156	30	4	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	30	5	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	30	6	restricted	restrict	VERB
stem-8156	30	7	to	to	ADP
stem-8156	30	8	identifying	identify	VERB
stem-8156	30	9	the	the	DET
stem-8156	30	10	different	different	ADJ
stem-8156	30	11	types	type	NOUN
stem-8156	30	12	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	30	13	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	30	14	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	30	15	some	some	DET
stem-8156	30	16	selected	select	VERB
stem-8156	30	17	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	30	18	-	-	PUNCT
stem-8156	30	19	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	30	20	videos	video	NOUN
stem-8156	30	21	from	from	ADP
stem-8156	30	22	facebook	facebook	NOUN
stem-8156	30	23	reels	reel	NOUN
stem-8156	30	24	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	31	1	2	2	X
stem-8156	31	2	.	.	X
stem-8156	31	3	literature	literature	NOUN
stem-8156	31	4	review	review	VERB
stem-8156	31	5	2.1	2.1	NUM
stem-8156	31	6	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	32	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	32	2	concept	concept	NOUN
stem-8156	32	3	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	32	4	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	32	5	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	32	6	english	english	ADJ
stem-8156	32	7	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	32	8	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	32	9	a	a	DET
stem-8156	32	10	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	32	11	strategy	strategy	NOUN
stem-8156	32	12	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	32	13	to	to	PART
stem-8156	32	14	express	express	VERB
stem-8156	32	15	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	32	16	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	32	17	probability	probability	NOUN
stem-8156	32	18	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	32	19	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	32	20	politeness	politeness	NOUN
stem-8156	32	21	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	32	22	communication	communication	NOUN
stem-8156	32	23	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	33	1	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	33	2	allows	allow	VERB
stem-8156	33	3	speakers	speaker	NOUN
stem-8156	33	4	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	33	5	writers	writer	NOUN
stem-8156	33	6	to	to	PART
stem-8156	33	7	soften	soften	VERB
stem-8156	33	8	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	33	9	statements	statement	NOUN
stem-8156	33	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	33	11	making	make	VERB
stem-8156	33	12	them	they	PRON
stem-8156	33	13	less	less	ADV
stem-8156	33	14	direct	direct	ADJ
stem-8156	33	15	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	33	16	definitive	definitive	ADJ
stem-8156	33	17	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	33	18	which	which	PRON
stem-8156	33	19	can	can	AUX
stem-8156	33	20	help	help	VERB
stem-8156	33	21	mitigate	mitigate	VERB
stem-8156	33	22	risk	risk	NOUN
stem-8156	33	23	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	33	24	maintain	maintain	VERB
stem-8156	33	25	politeness	politeness	ADJ
stem-8156	33	26	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	33	27	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	33	28	allow	allow	VERB
stem-8156	33	29	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	33	30	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
stem-8156	33	31	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	33	32	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
stem-8156	33	33	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	34	1	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	34	2	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	34	3	a	a	DET
stem-8156	34	4	concept	concept	NOUN
stem-8156	34	5	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	34	6	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	34	7	pragmatics	pragmatic	NOUN
stem-8156	34	8	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	34	9	discourse	discourse	VERB
stem-8156	34	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
stem-8156	34	11	to	to	PART
stem-8156	34	12	describe	describe	VERB
stem-8156	34	13	non	non	ADJ
stem-8156	34	14	-	-	ADJ
stem-8156	34	15	committal	committal	ADJ
stem-8156	34	16	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	34	17	evasiveness	evasiveness	NOUN
stem-8156	34	18	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	34	19	expressing	express	VERB
stem-8156	34	20	precision	precision	NOUN
stem-8156	34	21	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	34	22	qualification	qualification	NOUN
stem-8156	34	23	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	35	1	examples	example	NOUN
stem-8156	35	2	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	35	3	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	35	4	expressions	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	35	5	include	include	VERB
stem-8156	35	6	sort	sort	NOUN
stem-8156	35	7	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	35	8	roughly	roughly	ADV
stem-8156	35	9	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	35	10	i	i	PRON
stem-8156	35	11	mean	mean	VERB
stem-8156	35	12	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	35	13	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	35	14	approximately	approximately	ADV
stem-8156	35	15	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	36	1	hedges	hedge	NOUN
stem-8156	36	2	can	can	AUX
stem-8156	36	3	also	also	ADV
stem-8156	36	4	be	be	AUX
stem-8156	36	5	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	36	6	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	36	7	combination	combination	NOUN
stem-8156	36	8	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	36	9	such	such	ADJ
stem-8156	36	10	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	36	11	10	10	NUM
stem-8156	36	12	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	36	13	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	36	14	more	more	ADJ
stem-8156	36	15	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	37	1	linguists	linguist	NOUN
stem-8156	37	2	name	name	VERB
stem-8156	37	3	hedges	hedge	NOUN
stem-8156	37	4	differently	differently	ADV
stem-8156	37	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	37	6	such	such	ADJ
stem-8156	37	7	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	37	8	stance	stance	NOUN
stem-8156	37	9	markers	marker	NOUN
stem-8156	37	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	37	11	weekenders	weekender	NOUN
stem-8156	37	12	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	37	13	down	down	ADP
stem-8156	37	14	toners	toner	NOUN
stem-8156	37	15	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	37	16	densifiers	densifier	NOUN
stem-8156	37	17	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	37	18	understatements	understatement	NOUN
stem-8156	37	19	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	37	20	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	37	21	commentary	commentary	ADJ
stem-8156	37	22	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
stem-8156	37	23	markers	marker	NOUN
stem-8156	37	24	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	38	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	38	2	same	same	ADJ
stem-8156	38	3	notion	notion	NOUN
stem-8156	38	4	can	can	AUX
stem-8156	38	5	be	be	AUX
stem-8156	38	6	found	find	VERB
stem-8156	38	7	under	under	ADP
stem-8156	38	8	headings	heading	NOUN
stem-8156	38	9	like	like	ADP
stem-8156	38	10	evidentiality	evidentiality	NOUN
stem-8156	38	11	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	38	12	mitigation	mitigation	NOUN
stem-8156	38	13	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	38	14	tentativeness	tentativeness	NOUN
stem-8156	38	15	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	38	16	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	38	17	vagueness	vagueness	NOUN
stem-8156	38	18	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	38	19	but	but	CCONJ
stem-8156	38	20	the	the	DET
stem-8156	38	21	underlying	underlie	VERB
stem-8156	38	22	concept	concept	NOUN
stem-8156	38	23	remains	remain	VERB
stem-8156	38	24	the	the	DET
stem-8156	38	25	same	same	ADJ
stem-8156	38	26	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	38	27	mey	mey	PROPN
stem-8156	38	28	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	38	29	2009	2009	NUM
stem-8156	38	30	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	38	31	p	p	NOUN
stem-8156	38	32	18	18	NUM
stem-8156	38	33	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	38	34	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	39	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
stem-8156	39	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	39	3	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	39	4	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	39	5	described	describe	VERB
stem-8156	39	6	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	39	7	a	a	DET
stem-8156	39	8	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	39	9	strategy	strategy	NOUN
stem-8156	39	10	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	39	11	to	to	PART
stem-8156	39	12	make	make	VERB
stem-8156	39	13	statements	statement	NOUN
stem-8156	39	14	less	less	ADV
stem-8156	39	15	assertive	assertive	ADJ
stem-8156	39	16	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	39	17	categorical	categorical	ADJ
stem-8156	39	18	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	39	19	providing	provide	VERB
stem-8156	39	20	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
stem-8156	39	21	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	39	22	politeness	politeness	NOUN
stem-8156	39	23	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	39	24	communication	communication	NOUN
stem-8156	39	25	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	40	1	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	40	2	helps	help	VERB
stem-8156	40	3	speakers	speaker	NOUN
stem-8156	40	4	'	'	PART
stem-8156	40	5	express	express	ADJ
stem-8156	40	6	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	40	7	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	40	8	probability	probability	NOUN
stem-8156	40	9	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	40	10	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	40	11	politeness	politeness	NOUN
stem-8156	40	12	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	40	13	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	40	14	utterances	utterance	NOUN
stem-8156	40	15	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	40	16	lakoff	lakoff	NOUN
stem-8156	40	17	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	40	18	1972	1972	NUM
stem-8156	40	19	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	40	20	p.195	p.195	NOUN
stem-8156	40	21	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	40	22	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	41	1	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
stem-8156	41	2	that	that	SCONJ
stem-8156	41	3	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	41	4	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	41	5	academic	academic	ADJ
stem-8156	41	6	discourse	discourse	NOUN
stem-8156	41	7	several	several	ADJ
stem-8156	41	8	to	to	PART
stem-8156	41	9	protect	protect	VERB
stem-8156	41	10	the	the	DET
stem-8156	41	11	author	author	NOUN
stem-8156	41	12	from	from	ADP
stem-8156	41	13	being	be	AUX
stem-8156	41	14	overly	overly	ADV
stem-8156	41	15	assertive	assertive	ADJ
stem-8156	41	16	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	41	17	allowing	allow	VERB
stem-8156	41	18	room	room	NOUN
stem-8156	41	19	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	41	20	negotiation	negotiation	NOUN
stem-8156	41	21	with	with	ADP
stem-8156	41	22	the	the	DET
stem-8156	41	23	audience	audience	NOUN
stem-8156	41	24	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	42	1	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	42	2	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	42	3	a	a	DET
stem-8156	42	4	means	means	NOUN
stem-8156	42	5	to	to	PART
stem-8156	42	6	maintain	maintain	VERB
stem-8156	42	7	a	a	DET
stem-8156	42	8	balance	balance	NOUN
stem-8156	42	9	between	between	ADP
stem-8156	42	10	certainty	certainty	NOUN
stem-8156	42	11	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	42	12	caution	caution	NOUN
stem-8156	42	13	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	42	14	hyland	hyland	NOUN
stem-8156	42	15	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	42	16	1996	1996	NUM
stem-8156	42	17	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	42	18	pp.251	pp.251	PROPN
stem-8156	42	19	-	-	PUNCT
stem-8156	42	20	281	281	NUM
stem-8156	42	21	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	42	22	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	43	1	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	43	2	refers	refer	VERB
stem-8156	43	3	to	to	ADP
stem-8156	43	4	self	self	NOUN
stem-8156	43	5	-	-	PUNCT
stem-8156	43	6	reflective	reflective	ADJ
stem-8156	43	7	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	43	8	expressions	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	43	9	that	that	PRON
stem-8156	43	10	reduce	reduce	VERB
stem-8156	43	11	the	the	DET
stem-8156	43	12	illocutionary	illocutionary	ADJ
stem-8156	43	13	force	force	NOUN
stem-8156	43	14	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	43	15	a	a	DET
stem-8156	43	16	statement	statement	NOUN
stem-8156	43	17	to	to	PART
stem-8156	43	18	express	express	VERB
stem-8156	43	19	epistemic	epistemic	ADJ
stem-8156	43	20	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	43	21	politeness	politeness	NOUN
stem-8156	43	22	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	44	1	this	this	PRON
stem-8156	44	2	can	can	AUX
stem-8156	44	3	soften	soften	VERB
stem-8156	44	4	claims	claim	NOUN
stem-8156	44	5	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	44	6	signal	signal	VERB
stem-8156	44	7	a	a	DET
stem-8156	44	8	writer	writer	NOUN
stem-8156	44	9	's	's	PART
stem-8156	44	10	stance	stance	NOUN
stem-8156	44	11	toward	toward	ADP
stem-8156	44	12	a	a	DET
stem-8156	44	13	proposition	proposition	NOUN
stem-8156	44	14	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	44	15	holmes	holme	NOUN
stem-8156	44	16	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	44	17	1988	1988	NUM
stem-8156	44	18	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	44	19	p.185	p.185	NOUN
stem-8156	44	20	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	44	21	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	45	1	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	45	2	involves	involve	VERB
stem-8156	45	3	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	45	4	expressions	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	45	5	such	such	ADJ
stem-8156	45	6	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	45	7	might	might	NOUN
stem-8156	45	8	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	45	9	suggest	suggest	VERB
stem-8156	45	10	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	45	11	probably	probably	ADV
stem-8156	45	12	to	to	PART
stem-8156	45	13	indicate	indicate	VERB
stem-8156	45	14	epistemic	epistemic	ADJ
stem-8156	45	15	modality	modality	NOUN
stem-8156	45	16	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	45	17	modify	modify	VERB
stem-8156	45	18	the	the	DET
stem-8156	45	19	strength	strength	NOUN
stem-8156	45	20	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	45	21	speech	speech	NOUN
stem-8156	45	22	acts	act	NOUN
stem-8156	45	23	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	46	1	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	46	2	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	46	3	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	46	4	to	to	PART
stem-8156	46	5	show	show	VERB
stem-8156	46	6	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	46	7	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	46	8	withhold	withhold	ADJ
stem-8156	46	9	commitment	commitment	NOUN
stem-8156	46	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	46	11	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	46	12	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB
stem-8156	46	13	alternative	alternative	ADJ
stem-8156	46	14	viewpoints	viewpoint	NOUN
stem-8156	46	15	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	46	16	hyland	hyland	NOUN
stem-8156	46	17	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	46	18	2018	2018	NUM
stem-8156	46	19	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	46	20	p.49	p.49	NOUN
stem-8156	46	21	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	46	22	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	47	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
stem-8156	47	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	47	3	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	47	4	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	47	5	described	describe	VERB
stem-8156	47	6	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	47	7	a	a	DET
stem-8156	47	8	way	way	NOUN
stem-8156	47	9	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	47	10	introducing	introduce	VERB
stem-8156	47	11	approximations	approximation	NOUN
stem-8156	47	12	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	47	13	such	such	ADJ
stem-8156	47	14	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	47	15	using	use	VERB
stem-8156	47	16	terms	term	NOUN
stem-8156	47	17	like	like	ADP
stem-8156	47	18	approximately	approximately	ADV
stem-8156	47	19	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	47	20	likely	likely	ADJ
stem-8156	47	21	to	to	PART
stem-8156	47	22	handle	handle	VERB
stem-8156	47	23	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	47	24	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	47	25	avoid	avoid	VERB
stem-8156	47	26	overstatements	overstatement	NOUN
stem-8156	47	27	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	47	28	scientific	scientific	ADJ
stem-8156	47	29	claims	claim	NOUN
stem-8156	47	30	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	48	1	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	48	2	balances	balance	VERB
stem-8156	48	3	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
stem-8156	48	4	with	with	ADP
stem-8156	48	5	caution	caution	NOUN
stem-8156	48	6	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	48	7	academic	academic	ADJ
stem-8156	48	8	writing	writing	NOUN
stem-8156	48	9	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	48	10	meyer	meyer	PROPN
stem-8156	48	11	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	48	12	1994	1994	NUM
stem-8156	48	13	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	48	14	p.155	p.155	NOUN
stem-8156	48	15	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	48	16	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	49	1	previous	previous	ADJ
stem-8156	49	2	studies	study	NOUN
stem-8156	49	3	mostly	mostly	ADV
stem-8156	49	4	defined	define	VERB
stem-8156	49	5	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	49	6	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	49	7	a	a	DET
stem-8156	49	8	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	49	9	element	element	NOUN
stem-8156	49	10	that	that	PRON
stem-8156	49	11	expresses	express	VERB
stem-8156	49	12	degrees	degree	NOUN
stem-8156	49	13	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	49	14	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	49	15	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	49	16	certainty	certainty	NOUN
stem-8156	49	17	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	50	1	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	50	2	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	50	3	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	50	4	to	to	PART
stem-8156	50	5	soften	soften	VERB
stem-8156	50	6	claims	claim	NOUN
stem-8156	50	7	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	50	8	convey	convey	VERB
stem-8156	50	9	caution	caution	NOUN
stem-8156	50	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	50	11	particularly	particularly	ADV
stem-8156	50	12	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	50	13	academic	academic	ADJ
stem-8156	50	14	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	50	15	scientific	scientific	ADJ
stem-8156	50	16	writing	writing	NOUN
stem-8156	50	17	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	51	1	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	51	2	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	51	3	the	the	DET
stem-8156	51	4	practice	practice	NOUN
stem-8156	51	5	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	51	6	using	use	VERB
stem-8156	51	7	words	word	NOUN
stem-8156	51	8	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	51	9	phrases	phrase	NOUN
stem-8156	51	10	to	to	PART
stem-8156	51	11	express	express	VERB
stem-8156	51	12	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	51	13	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	51	14	doubt	doubt	NOUN
stem-8156	51	15	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	51	16	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	51	17	the	the	DET
stem-8156	51	18	possibility	possibility	NOUN
stem-8156	51	19	that	that	SCONJ
stem-8156	51	20	a	a	DET
stem-8156	51	21	statement	statement	NOUN
stem-8156	51	22	may	may	AUX
stem-8156	51	23	not	not	PART
stem-8156	51	24	be	be	AUX
stem-8156	51	25	entirely	entirely	ADV
stem-8156	51	26	accurate	accurate	ADJ
stem-8156	51	27	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	52	1	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	52	2	allows	allow	VERB
stem-8156	52	3	the	the	DET
stem-8156	52	4	speaker	speaker	NOUN
stem-8156	52	5	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	52	6	writer	writer	NOUN
stem-8156	52	7	to	to	PART
stem-8156	52	8	distance	distance	VERB
stem-8156	52	9	themselves	themselves	PRON
stem-8156	52	10	from	from	ADP
stem-8156	52	11	a	a	DET
stem-8156	52	12	strong	strong	ADJ
stem-8156	52	13	assertion	assertion	NOUN
stem-8156	52	14	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	52	15	which	which	PRON
stem-8156	52	16	can	can	AUX
stem-8156	52	17	help	help	VERB
stem-8156	52	18	maintain	maintain	VERB
stem-8156	52	19	politeness	politeness	NOUN
stem-8156	52	20	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	52	21	reduce	reduce	VERB
stem-8156	52	22	the	the	DET
stem-8156	52	23	risk	risk	NOUN
stem-8156	52	24	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	52	25	making	make	VERB
stem-8156	52	26	overly	overly	ADV
stem-8156	52	27	definitive	definitive	ADJ
stem-8156	52	28	claims	claim	NOUN
stem-8156	52	29	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	52	30	hyland	hyland	PROPN
stem-8156	52	31	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	52	32	k.1998	k.1998	PROPN
stem-8156	52	33	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	52	34	p1	p1	PROPN
stem-8156	52	35	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	52	36	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	53	1	multiple	multiple	ADJ
stem-8156	53	2	classifications	classification	NOUN
stem-8156	53	3	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	53	4	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	53	5	style	style	NOUN
stem-8156	53	6	have	have	AUX
stem-8156	53	7	been	be	AUX
stem-8156	53	8	mentioned	mention	VERB
stem-8156	53	9	by	by	ADP
stem-8156	53	10	several	several	ADJ
stem-8156	53	11	researchers	researcher	NOUN
stem-8156	53	12	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	54	1	1	1	X
stem-8156	54	2	.	.	X
stem-8156	54	3	approximators	approximator	NOUN
stem-8156	54	4	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	54	5	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	54	6	to	to	PART
stem-8156	54	7	change	change	VERB
stem-8156	54	8	the	the	DET
stem-8156	54	9	meaning	meaning	NOUN
stem-8156	54	10	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	54	11	divided	divide	VERB
stem-8156	54	12	into	into	ADP
stem-8156	54	13	two	two	NUM
stem-8156	54	14	parts	part	NOUN
stem-8156	54	15	*	*	NOUN
stem-8156	54	16	adaptors	adaptor	NOUN
stem-8156	54	17	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	54	18	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	54	19	to	to	PART
stem-8156	54	20	modify	modify	VERB
stem-8156	54	21	the	the	DET
stem-8156	54	22	meaning	meaning	NOUN
stem-8156	54	23	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	54	24	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	54	25	example	example	NOUN
stem-8156	54	26	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	54	27	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	54	28	kind	kind	ADV
stem-8156	54	29	of	of	ADV
stem-8156	54	30	–	–	PUNCT
stem-8156	54	31	sort	sort	NOUN
stem-8156	54	32	of	of	ADV
stem-8156	54	33	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	54	34	*	*	PUNCT
stem-8156	54	35	rounders	rounder	NOUN
stem-8156	54	36	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	54	37	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	54	38	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	54	39	the	the	DET
stem-8156	54	40	numerical	numerical	ADJ
stem-8156	54	41	approximations	approximation	NOUN
stem-8156	54	42	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	55	1	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	55	2	prince	prince	PROPN
stem-8156	55	3	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	55	4	e.f	e.f	PROPN
stem-8156	55	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	55	6	1982	1982	NUM
stem-8156	55	7	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	55	8	p.	p.	NOUN
stem-8156	55	9	85	85	NUM
stem-8156	55	10	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	55	11	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	56	1	2	2	X
stem-8156	56	2	.	.	X
stem-8156	56	3	shields	shield	NOUN
stem-8156	56	4	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	56	5	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	56	6	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	56	7	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	56	8	to	to	PART
stem-8156	56	9	change	change	VERB
stem-8156	56	10	the	the	DET
stem-8156	56	11	true	true	ADJ
stem-8156	56	12	value	value	NOUN
stem-8156	56	13	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	56	14	a	a	DET
stem-8156	56	15	statement	statement	NOUN
stem-8156	56	16	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	56	17	reflect	reflect	VERB
stem-8156	56	18	the	the	DET
stem-8156	56	19	degree	degree	NOUN
stem-8156	56	20	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	56	21	obligation	obligation	NOUN
stem-8156	56	22	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	56	23	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	56	24	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	56	25	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	56	26	example	example	NOUN
stem-8156	56	27	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	56	28	might	might	AUX
stem-8156	56	29	-	-	PUNCT
stem-8156	56	30	probably	probably	ADV
stem-8156	56	31	-	-	PUNCT
stem-8156	56	32	could	could	AUX
stem-8156	56	33	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	57	1	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	57	2	prince	prince	PROPN
stem-8156	57	3	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	57	4	e.	e.	PROPN
stem-8156	57	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	57	6	f	f	PROPN
stem-8156	57	7	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	57	8	j.	j.	PROPN
stem-8156	57	9	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	57	10	&	&	CCONJ
stem-8156	57	11	bosk	bosk	PROPN
stem-8156	57	12	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	57	13	c,1982	c,1982	PROPN
stem-8156	57	14	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	57	15	pp.99	pp.99	NOUN
stem-8156	57	16	-	-	PUNCT
stem-8156	57	17	109	109	NUM
stem-8156	57	18	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	57	19	3	3	NUM
stem-8156	57	20	.	.	X
stem-8156	57	21	bushes	bush	NOUN
stem-8156	57	22	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	57	23	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	57	24	has	have	AUX
stem-8156	57	25	been	be	AUX
stem-8156	57	26	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	57	27	to	to	PART
stem-8156	57	28	reduce	reduce	VERB
stem-8156	57	29	content	content	NOUN
stem-8156	57	30	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
stem-8156	57	31	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	57	32	fraser	fraser	NOUN
stem-8156	57	33	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	57	34	b	b	PROPN
stem-8156	57	35	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	57	36	2010	2010	NUM
stem-8156	57	37	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	57	38	pp.1,15	pp.1,15	ADJ
stem-8156	57	39	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	57	40	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	58	1	4	4	X
stem-8156	58	2	.	.	X
stem-8156	58	3	lexical	lexical	ADJ
stem-8156	58	4	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	58	5	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	58	6	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	58	7	has	have	VERB
stem-8156	58	8	a	a	DET
stem-8156	58	9	group	group	NOUN
stem-8156	58	10	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	58	11	style	style	NOUN
stem-8156	58	12	that	that	DET
stem-8156	58	13	goal	goal	NOUN
stem-8156	58	14	to	to	PART
stem-8156	58	15	reduce	reduce	VERB
stem-8156	58	16	the	the	DET
stem-8156	58	17	severity	severity	NOUN
stem-8156	58	18	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	58	19	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
stem-8156	58	20	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	58	21	present	present	ADJ
stem-8156	58	22	non	non	ADJ
stem-8156	58	23	-	-	ADJ
stem-8156	58	24	conclusive	conclusive	ADJ
stem-8156	58	25	perceptions	perception	NOUN
stem-8156	58	26	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	58	27	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	58	28	example	example	NOUN
stem-8156	58	29	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	58	30	seems	seem	VERB
stem-8156	58	31	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	58	32	appears	appear	VERB
stem-8156	58	33	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	58	34	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	59	1	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	59	2	hyland	hyland	NOUN
stem-8156	59	3	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	59	4	1996	1996	NUM
stem-8156	59	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	59	6	p.103	p.103	NOUN
stem-8156	59	7	-	-	SYM
stem-8156	59	8	199	199	NUM
stem-8156	59	9	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	59	10	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	60	1	213	213	NUM
stem-8156	60	2	american	american	ADJ
stem-8156	60	3	journal	journal	PROPN
stem-8156	60	4	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	60	5	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	60	6	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	60	7	literacy	literacy	NOUN
stem-8156	60	8	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	60	9	learning	learn	VERB
stem-8156	60	10	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	60	11	stem	stem	NOUN
stem-8156	60	12	education	education	NOUN
stem-8156	60	13	www	www	PROPN
stem-8156	60	14	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	61	1	grnjournal.us	grnjournal.us	X
stem-8156	61	2	5	5	NUM
stem-8156	61	3	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	61	4	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
stem-8156	61	5	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	61	6	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	61	7	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	61	8	has	have	AUX
stem-8156	61	9	been	be	AUX
stem-8156	61	10	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	61	11	to	to	PART
stem-8156	61	12	introduce	introduce	VERB
stem-8156	61	13	a	a	DET
stem-8156	61	14	degree	degree	NOUN
stem-8156	61	15	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	61	16	doubt	doubt	NOUN
stem-8156	61	17	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	61	18	possibility	possibility	NOUN
stem-8156	61	19	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	61	20	scientific	scientific	ADJ
stem-8156	61	21	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	61	22	academic	academic	ADJ
stem-8156	61	23	writings	writing	NOUN
stem-8156	61	24	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	61	25	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	61	26	example	example	NOUN
stem-8156	61	27	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	61	28	can	can	AUX
stem-8156	61	29	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	61	30	could	could	AUX
stem-8156	61	31	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	61	32	may	may	AUX
stem-8156	61	33	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	61	34	might	might	AUX
stem-8156	61	35	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	61	36	hyland	hyland	PROPN
stem-8156	61	37	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	61	38	1996	1996	NUM
stem-8156	61	39	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	61	40	p.	p.	NOUN
stem-8156	61	41	434	434	NUM
stem-8156	61	42	-	-	SYM
stem-8156	61	43	436	436	NUM
stem-8156	61	44	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	61	45	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	62	1	6	6	X
stem-8156	62	2	.	.	X
stem-8156	62	3	compound	compound	NOUN
stem-8156	62	4	hedges	hedge	NOUN
stem-8156	62	5	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	62	6	these	these	PRON
stem-8156	62	7	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	62	8	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	62	9	to	to	PART
stem-8156	62	10	express	express	VERB
stem-8156	62	11	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	62	12	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	62	13	provide	provide	VERB
stem-8156	62	14	the	the	DET
stem-8156	62	15	suggestion	suggestion	NOUN
stem-8156	62	16	more	more	ADV
stem-8156	62	17	securely	securely	ADV
stem-8156	62	18	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	62	19	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	62	20	example	example	NOUN
stem-8156	62	21	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	62	22	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	62	23	could	could	AUX
stem-8156	62	24	be	be	AUX
stem-8156	62	25	suggested	suggest	VERB
stem-8156	62	26	that	that	SCONJ
stem-8156	62	27	…	…	PUNCT
stem-8156	62	28	"	"	PUNCT
stem-8156	62	29	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	62	30	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	62	31	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	62	32	might	might	AUX
stem-8156	62	33	seem	seem	VERB
stem-8156	62	34	likely	likely	ADJ
stem-8156	62	35	that	that	PRON
stem-8156	62	36	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	62	37	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	62	38	hyland,2005	hyland,2005	ADJ
stem-8156	62	39	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	62	40	pp	pp	ADJ
stem-8156	62	41	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	63	1	173	173	NUM
stem-8156	63	2	-	-	SYM
stem-8156	63	3	192	192	NUM
stem-8156	63	4	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	63	5	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	64	1	7	7	X
stem-8156	64	2	.	.	X
stem-8156	64	3	fuzzy	fuzzy	ADJ
stem-8156	64	4	words	word	NOUN
stem-8156	64	5	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	64	6	these	these	DET
stem-8156	64	7	words	word	NOUN
stem-8156	64	8	add	add	VERB
stem-8156	64	9	a	a	DET
stem-8156	64	10	degree	degree	NOUN
stem-8156	64	11	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	64	12	ambiguity	ambiguity	NOUN
stem-8156	64	13	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	64	14	lack	lack	NOUN
stem-8156	64	15	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	64	16	clarity	clarity	NOUN
stem-8156	64	17	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	64	18	meaning	meaning	NOUN
stem-8156	64	19	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	64	20	allow	allow	VERB
stem-8156	64	21	the	the	DET
stem-8156	64	22	speaker	speaker	NOUN
stem-8156	64	23	to	to	PART
stem-8156	64	24	express	express	VERB
stem-8156	64	25	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	64	26	less	less	ADV
stem-8156	64	27	strictly	strictly	ADV
stem-8156	64	28	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	64	29	more	more	ADV
stem-8156	64	30	flexibly	flexibly	ADV
stem-8156	64	31	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	65	1	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	65	2	example	example	NOUN
stem-8156	65	3	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	65	4	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	65	5	very	very	ADV
stem-8156	65	6	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	65	7	slightly	slightly	ADV
stem-8156	65	8	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	65	9	more	more	ADJ
stem-8156	65	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	65	11	less	less	ADJ
stem-8156	65	12	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	65	13	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	65	14	lakoff	lakoff	NOUN
stem-8156	65	15	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	65	16	1972	1972	NUM
stem-8156	65	17	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	65	18	pp	pp	ADJ
stem-8156	65	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	66	1	458	458	NUM
stem-8156	66	2	-	-	NUM
stem-8156	66	3	508	508	NUM
stem-8156	66	4	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	66	5	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	67	1	8	8	X
stem-8156	67	2	.	.	X
stem-8156	67	3	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	67	4	based	base	VERB
stem-8156	67	5	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	67	6	nouns	noun	NOUN
stem-8156	67	7	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	67	8	nominal	nominal	ADJ
stem-8156	67	9	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	67	10	):	):	PUNCT
stem-8156	67	11	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	67	12	through	through	ADP
stem-8156	67	13	the	the	DET
stem-8156	67	14	nouns	noun	NOUN
stem-8156	67	15	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	67	16	based	base	VERB
stem-8156	67	17	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	67	18	abstract	abstract	ADJ
stem-8156	67	19	nouns	noun	NOUN
stem-8156	67	20	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	67	21	model	model	NOUN
stem-8156	67	22	nouns	noun	NOUN
stem-8156	67	23	to	to	PART
stem-8156	67	24	indicate	indicate	VERB
stem-8156	67	25	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	67	26	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	67	27	probability	probability	NOUN
stem-8156	67	28	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	68	1	these	these	DET
stem-8156	68	2	nouns	noun	NOUN
stem-8156	68	3	make	make	VERB
stem-8156	68	4	an	an	DET
stem-8156	68	5	impression	impression	NOUN
stem-8156	68	6	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	68	7	cautiousness	cautiousness	NOUN
stem-8156	68	8	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	68	9	the	the	DET
stem-8156	68	10	speech	speech	NOUN
stem-8156	68	11	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	69	1	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	69	2	example	example	NOUN
stem-8156	69	3	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	69	4	possibility	possibility	NOUN
stem-8156	69	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	69	6	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
stem-8156	69	7	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	69	8	suggestion	suggestion	NOUN
stem-8156	69	9	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	69	10	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	69	11	hyland	hyland	NOUN
stem-8156	69	12	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	69	13	1998	1998	NUM
stem-8156	69	14	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	69	15	p.	p.	NOUN
stem-8156	69	16	177	177	NUM
stem-8156	69	17	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	69	18	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	70	1	9	9	X
stem-8156	70	2	.	.	X
stem-8156	70	3	adjective	adjective	ADJ
stem-8156	70	4	-	-	PUNCT
stem-8156	70	5	based	base	VERB
stem-8156	70	6	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	70	7	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	70	8	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	70	9	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	70	10	commonly	commonly	ADV
stem-8156	70	11	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	70	12	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	70	13	academic	academic	ADJ
stem-8156	70	14	writing	writing	NOUN
stem-8156	70	15	to	to	PART
stem-8156	70	16	maintain	maintain	VERB
stem-8156	70	17	objectivity	objectivity	NOUN
stem-8156	70	18	making	make	VERB
stem-8156	70	19	overly	overly	ADV
stem-8156	70	20	strict	strict	ADJ
stem-8156	70	21	statements	statement	NOUN
stem-8156	70	22	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	70	23	instance	instance	NOUN
stem-8156	70	24	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	70	25	a	a	DET
stem-8156	70	26	researcher	researcher	NOUN
stem-8156	70	27	might	might	AUX
stem-8156	70	28	say	say	VERB
stem-8156	70	29	a	a	DET
stem-8156	70	30	possible	possible	ADJ
stem-8156	70	31	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
stem-8156	70	32	instead	instead	ADV
stem-8156	70	33	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	70	34	asserting	assert	VERB
stem-8156	70	35	that	that	SCONJ
stem-8156	70	36	the	the	DET
stem-8156	70	37	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
stem-8156	70	38	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	70	39	certain	certain	ADJ
stem-8156	70	40	to	to	PART
stem-8156	70	41	indicate	indicate	VERB
stem-8156	70	42	that	that	SCONJ
stem-8156	70	43	other	other	ADJ
stem-8156	70	44	explanation	explanation	NOUN
stem-8156	70	45	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	70	46	possible	possible	ADJ
stem-8156	70	47	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	71	1	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	71	2	example	example	NOUN
stem-8156	71	3	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	71	4	possible	possible	ADJ
stem-8156	71	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	71	6	likely	likely	ADJ
stem-8156	71	7	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	71	8	helpful	helpful	ADJ
stem-8156	71	9	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	71	10	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	71	11	crompten	crompten	VERB
stem-8156	71	12	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	71	13	1997	1997	NUM
stem-8156	71	14	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	71	15	pp.273	pp.273	NOUN
stem-8156	71	16	-	-	PUNCT
stem-8156	71	17	276	276	NUM
stem-8156	71	18	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	71	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	72	1	10	10	NUM
stem-8156	72	2	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	72	3	model	model	NOUN
stem-8156	72	4	verb	verb	NOUN
stem-8156	72	5	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	72	6	these	these	DET
stem-8156	72	7	verbs	verb	NOUN
stem-8156	72	8	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	72	9	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	72	10	to	to	PART
stem-8156	72	11	express	express	VERB
stem-8156	72	12	necessity	necessity	NOUN
stem-8156	72	13	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	72	14	possibility	possibility	NOUN
stem-8156	72	15	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	72	16	permission	permission	NOUN
stem-8156	72	17	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	72	18	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	72	19	ability	ability	NOUN
stem-8156	72	20	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	73	1	they	they	PRON
stem-8156	73	2	convey	convey	VERB
stem-8156	73	3	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	73	4	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	73	5	possibility	possibility	NOUN
stem-8156	73	6	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	73	7	which	which	PRON
stem-8156	73	8	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	73	9	central	central	ADJ
stem-8156	73	10	to	to	ADP
stem-8156	73	11	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	73	12	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	74	1	examples	example	NOUN
stem-8156	74	2	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	74	3	may	may	AUX
stem-8156	74	4	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	74	5	might	might	AUX
stem-8156	74	6	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	74	7	could	could	AUX
stem-8156	74	8	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	74	9	would	would	AUX
stem-8156	74	10	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	74	11	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	74	12	hyland	hyland	PROPN
stem-8156	74	13	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	74	14	1998	1998	NUM
stem-8156	74	15	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	74	16	pp.1,26	pp.1,26	NOUN
stem-8156	74	17	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	74	18	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	75	1	11	11	NUM
stem-8156	75	2	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	76	1	adverbs	adverb	NOUN
stem-8156	76	2	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	76	3	probability	probability	NOUN
stem-8156	76	4	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	76	5	these	these	PRON
stem-8156	76	6	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	76	7	adverbs	adverb	NOUN
stem-8156	76	8	that	that	PRON
stem-8156	76	9	indicate	indicate	VERB
stem-8156	76	10	the	the	DET
stem-8156	76	11	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
stem-8156	76	12	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	76	13	probability	probability	NOUN
stem-8156	76	14	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	76	15	something	something	PRON
stem-8156	76	16	occurring	occur	VERB
stem-8156	76	17	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	76	18	being	be	AUX
stem-8156	76	19	true	true	ADJ
stem-8156	76	20	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	76	21	helping	help	VERB
stem-8156	76	22	to	to	PART
stem-8156	76	23	hedge	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	76	24	that	that	DET
stem-8156	76	25	strength	strength	NOUN
stem-8156	76	26	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	76	27	a	a	DET
stem-8156	76	28	claim	claim	NOUN
stem-8156	76	29	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	76	30	crompton	crompton	PROPN
stem-8156	76	31	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	76	32	1997	1997	NUM
stem-8156	76	33	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	76	34	pp.1	pp.1	NOUN
stem-8156	76	35	-	-	PUNCT
stem-8156	76	36	11	11	NUM
stem-8156	76	37	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	76	38	12	12	NUM
stem-8156	76	39	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	77	1	vague	vague	ADJ
stem-8156	77	2	expressions	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	77	3	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	77	4	this	this	DET
stem-8156	77	5	expression	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	77	6	has	have	AUX
stem-8156	77	7	been	be	AUX
stem-8156	77	8	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	77	9	to	to	PART
stem-8156	77	10	leave	leave	VERB
stem-8156	77	11	things	thing	NOUN
stem-8156	77	12	unspecified	unspecified	ADJ
stem-8156	77	13	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	77	14	imprecise	imprecise	ADV
stem-8156	77	15	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	77	16	helping	help	VERB
stem-8156	77	17	to	to	PART
stem-8156	77	18	hedge	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	77	19	a	a	DET
stem-8156	77	20	statement	statement	NOUN
stem-8156	77	21	by	by	ADP
stem-8156	77	22	reducing	reduce	VERB
stem-8156	77	23	its	its	PRON
stem-8156	77	24	assertiveness	assertiveness	NOUN
stem-8156	77	25	such	such	ADJ
stem-8156	77	26	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	77	27	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	77	28	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	77	29	i	i	PRON
stem-8156	77	30	think	think	VERB
stem-8156	77	31	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	77	32	i	i	PRON
stem-8156	77	33	believe	believe	VERB
stem-8156	77	34	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	77	35	sort	sort	ADV
stem-8156	77	36	of	of	ADV
stem-8156	77	37	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	77	38	kind	kind	ADV
stem-8156	77	39	of	of	ADV
stem-8156	77	40	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	77	41	i	i	PRON
stem-8156	77	42	hope	hope	VERB
stem-8156	77	43	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	77	44	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	77	45	vassileva	vassileva	PROPN
stem-8156	77	46	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	77	47	2001	2001	NUM
stem-8156	77	48	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	77	49	pp.83,102	pp.83,102	X
stem-8156	77	50	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	77	51	13	13	NUM
stem-8156	77	52	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	78	1	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	78	2	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	78	3	political	political	ADJ
stem-8156	78	4	discourse	discourse	NOUN
stem-8156	78	5	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	78	6	this	this	DET
stem-8156	78	7	type	type	NOUN
stem-8156	78	8	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	78	9	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	78	10	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	78	11	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	78	12	by	by	ADP
stem-8156	78	13	the	the	DET
stem-8156	78	14	political	political	ADJ
stem-8156	78	15	to	to	PART
stem-8156	78	16	avoid	avoid	VERB
stem-8156	78	17	the	the	DET
stem-8156	78	18	assertive	assertive	ADJ
stem-8156	78	19	statement	statement	NOUN
stem-8156	78	20	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	78	21	indicate	indicate	VERB
stem-8156	78	22	hesitation	hesitation	NOUN
stem-8156	78	23	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	78	24	fraser	fraser	PROPN
stem-8156	78	25	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	78	26	b.	b.	PROPN
stem-8156	78	27	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	78	28	2010	2010	NUM
stem-8156	78	29	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	78	30	pp	pp	ADJ
stem-8156	78	31	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	79	1	201–214	201–214	NUM
stem-8156	79	2	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	79	3	2.3	2.3	NUM
stem-8156	79	4	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	80	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	80	2	concept	concept	NOUN
stem-8156	80	3	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	80	4	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	80	5	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	80	6	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	80	7	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	80	8	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	80	9	arabic	arabic	PROPN
stem-8156	80	10	often	often	ADV
stem-8156	80	11	relies	rely	VERB
stem-8156	80	12	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	80	13	rhetorical	rhetorical	ADJ
stem-8156	80	14	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	80	15	indirect	indirect	ADJ
stem-8156	80	16	expressions	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	80	17	rather	rather	ADV
stem-8156	80	18	than	than	ADP
stem-8156	80	19	the	the	DET
stem-8156	80	20	explicit	explicit	ADJ
stem-8156	80	21	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	80	22	markers	marker	NOUN
stem-8156	80	23	frequently	frequently	ADV
stem-8156	80	24	found	find	VERB
stem-8156	80	25	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	80	26	english	english	PROPN
stem-8156	80	27	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	81	1	arabic	arabic	PROPN
stem-8156	81	2	writers	writer	NOUN
stem-8156	81	3	tend	tend	VERB
stem-8156	81	4	to	to	PART
stem-8156	81	5	use	use	VERB
stem-8156	81	6	culturally	culturally	ADV
stem-8156	81	7	embedded	embed	VERB
stem-8156	81	8	strategies	strategy	NOUN
stem-8156	81	9	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	81	10	such	such	ADJ
stem-8156	81	11	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	81	12	vague	vague	ADJ
stem-8156	81	13	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	81	14	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	81	15	conditional	conditional	ADJ
stem-8156	81	16	clauses	clause	NOUN
stem-8156	81	17	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	81	18	to	to	PART
stem-8156	81	19	convey	convey	VERB
stem-8156	81	20	caution	caution	NOUN
stem-8156	81	21	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	81	22	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	81	23	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	81	24	academic	academic	ADJ
stem-8156	81	25	writing	writing	NOUN
stem-8156	81	26	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	82	1	these	these	DET
stem-8156	82	2	methods	method	NOUN
stem-8156	82	3	align	align	VERB
stem-8156	82	4	with	with	ADP
stem-8156	82	5	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	82	6	rhetorical	rhetorical	ADJ
stem-8156	82	7	tradition	tradition	NOUN
stem-8156	82	8	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	82	9	which	which	PRON
stem-8156	82	10	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
stem-8156	82	11	politeness	politeness	NOUN
stem-8156	82	12	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	82	13	indirectness	indirectness	ADJ
stem-8156	82	14	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	82	15	taqi	taqi	ADJ
stem-8156	82	16	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	82	17	2021	2021	NUM
stem-8156	82	18	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	82	19	pp	pp	ADJ
stem-8156	82	20	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	83	1	604,614	604,614	NUM
stem-8156	83	2	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	83	3	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	84	1	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	84	2	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	84	3	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	84	4	languages	language	NOUN
stem-8156	84	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	84	6	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	84	7	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	84	8	other	other	ADJ
stem-8156	84	9	languages	language	NOUN
stem-8156	84	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	84	11	serves	serve	VERB
stem-8156	84	12	to	to	PART
stem-8156	84	13	maintain	maintain	VERB
stem-8156	84	14	harmonious	harmonious	ADJ
stem-8156	84	15	relationships	relationship	NOUN
stem-8156	84	16	within	within	ADP
stem-8156	84	17	family	family	NOUN
stem-8156	84	18	interactions	interaction	NOUN
stem-8156	84	19	by	by	ADP
stem-8156	84	20	softening	soften	VERB
stem-8156	84	21	the	the	DET
stem-8156	84	22	impact	impact	NOUN
stem-8156	84	23	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	84	24	speech	speech	NOUN
stem-8156	84	25	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	85	1	this	this	PRON
stem-8156	85	2	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	85	3	especially	especially	ADV
stem-8156	85	4	evident	evident	ADJ
stem-8156	85	5	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	85	6	expressions	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	85	7	that	that	PRON
stem-8156	85	8	show	show	VERB
stem-8156	85	9	respect	respect	NOUN
stem-8156	85	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	85	11	reduce	reduce	VERB
stem-8156	85	12	potential	potential	ADJ
stem-8156	85	13	conflict	conflict	NOUN
stem-8156	85	14	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	85	15	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	85	16	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB
stem-8156	85	17	different	different	ADJ
stem-8156	85	18	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
stem-8156	85	19	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	85	20	nasir	nasir	PROPN
stem-8156	85	21	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	85	22	2018	2018	NUM
stem-8156	85	23	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	85	24	pp.166,133	pp.166,133	NUM
stem-8156	85	25	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	85	26	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	85	27	addition	addition	NOUN
stem-8156	85	28	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	85	29	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	85	30	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	85	31	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	85	32	academic	academic	ADJ
stem-8156	85	33	texts	text	NOUN
stem-8156	85	34	often	often	ADV
stem-8156	85	35	use	use	VERB
stem-8156	85	36	rhetorical	rhetorical	ADJ
stem-8156	85	37	devices	device	NOUN
stem-8156	85	38	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	85	39	indirect	indirect	ADJ
stem-8156	85	40	expressions	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	85	41	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	85	42	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	85	43	strategies	strategy	NOUN
stem-8156	85	44	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	85	45	reflecting	reflect	VERB
stem-8156	85	46	cultural	cultural	ADJ
stem-8156	85	47	values	value	NOUN
stem-8156	85	48	such	such	ADJ
stem-8156	85	49	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	85	50	politeness	politeness	NOUN
stem-8156	85	51	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	85	52	humility	humility	NOUN
stem-8156	85	53	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	86	1	these	these	DET
stem-8156	86	2	strategies	strategy	NOUN
stem-8156	86	3	help	help	AUX
stem-8156	86	4	soften	soften	VERB
stem-8156	86	5	arguments	argument	NOUN
stem-8156	86	6	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	86	7	create	create	VERB
stem-8156	86	8	a	a	DET
stem-8156	86	9	less	less	ADV
stem-8156	86	10	confrontational	confrontational	ADJ
stem-8156	86	11	tone	tone	NOUN
stem-8156	86	12	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	86	13	differing	differ	VERB
stem-8156	86	14	from	from	ADP
stem-8156	86	15	the	the	DET
stem-8156	86	16	explicit	explicit	ADJ
stem-8156	86	17	markers	marker	NOUN
stem-8156	86	18	often	often	ADV
stem-8156	86	19	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	86	20	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	86	21	english	english	PROPN
stem-8156	86	22	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	86	23	el	el	NOUN
stem-8156	86	24	-	-	ADJ
stem-8156	86	25	seidi	seidi	ADJ
stem-8156	86	26	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	86	27	2000	2000	NUM
stem-8156	86	28	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	86	29	pp	pp	ADP
stem-8156	86	30	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	87	1	111	111	NUM
stem-8156	87	2	-	-	SYM
stem-8156	87	3	126	126	NUM
stem-8156	87	4	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	87	5	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	88	1	also	also	ADV
stem-8156	88	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	88	3	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	88	4	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	88	5	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	88	6	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	88	7	to	to	PART
stem-8156	88	8	navigate	navigate	VERB
stem-8156	88	9	complex	complex	ADJ
stem-8156	88	10	political	political	ADJ
stem-8156	88	11	stances	stance	NOUN
stem-8156	88	12	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	88	13	soften	soften	VERB
stem-8156	88	14	controversial	controversial	ADJ
stem-8156	88	15	opinions	opinion	NOUN
stem-8156	88	16	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	89	1	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	89	2	example	example	NOUN
stem-8156	89	3	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	89	4	indirect	indirect	ADJ
stem-8156	89	5	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	89	6	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	89	7	passive	passive	ADJ
stem-8156	89	8	constructions	construction	NOUN
stem-8156	89	9	allow	allow	VERB
stem-8156	89	10	speakers	speaker	NOUN
stem-8156	89	11	to	to	PART
stem-8156	89	12	present	present	VERB
stem-8156	89	13	viewpoints	viewpoint	NOUN
stem-8156	89	14	diplomatically	diplomatically	ADV
stem-8156	89	15	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	89	16	holmes	holme	NOUN
stem-8156	89	17	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	89	18	2004	2004	NUM
stem-8156	89	19	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	89	20	p.	p.	NOUN
stem-8156	89	21	298	298	NUM
stem-8156	89	22	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	89	23	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	90	1	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	90	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	90	3	unlike	unlike	ADP
stem-8156	90	4	english	english	PROPN
stem-8156	90	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	90	6	arabic	arabic	PROPN
stem-8156	90	7	does	do	AUX
stem-8156	90	8	n’t	not	PART
stem-8156	90	9	have	have	VERB
stem-8156	90	10	a	a	DET
stem-8156	90	11	well	well	ADV
stem-8156	90	12	-	-	PUNCT
stem-8156	90	13	defined	define	VERB
stem-8156	90	14	lexicon	lexicon	NOUN
stem-8156	90	15	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
stem-8156	90	16	labeled	label	VERB
stem-8156	90	17	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	90	18	hedges	hedge	NOUN
stem-8156	90	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	91	1	however	however	ADV
stem-8156	91	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	91	3	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	91	4	parallels	parallel	NOUN
stem-8156	91	5	exist	exist	VERB
stem-8156	91	6	that	that	DET
stem-8156	91	7	fulfill	fulfill	VERB
stem-8156	91	8	similar	similar	ADJ
stem-8156	91	9	communicative	communicative	ADJ
stem-8156	91	10	functions	function	NOUN
stem-8156	91	11	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	91	12	softened	soften	VERB
stem-8156	91	13	by	by	ADP
stem-8156	91	14	cultural	cultural	ADJ
stem-8156	91	15	norms	norm	NOUN
stem-8156	91	16	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	91	17	politeness	politeness	NOUN
stem-8156	91	18	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	91	19	respect	respect	NOUN
stem-8156	91	20	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	91	21	taqi	taqi	ADJ
stem-8156	91	22	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	91	23	2021	2021	NUM
stem-8156	91	24	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	91	25	pp.604,614	pp.604,614	NUM
stem-8156	91	26	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	91	27	moreover	moreover	ADV
stem-8156	91	28	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	91	29	the	the	DET
stem-8156	91	30	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	91	31	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	91	32	tends	tend	VERB
stem-8156	91	33	to	to	PART
stem-8156	91	34	use	use	VERB
stem-8156	91	35	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	91	36	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	91	37	ways	way	NOUN
stem-8156	91	38	that	that	PRON
stem-8156	91	39	reflect	reflect	VERB
stem-8156	91	40	cultural	cultural	ADJ
stem-8156	91	41	values	value	NOUN
stem-8156	91	42	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	91	43	such	such	ADJ
stem-8156	91	44	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	91	45	respecting	respect	VERB
stem-8156	91	46	the	the	DET
stem-8156	91	47	reader	reader	NOUN
stem-8156	91	48	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	91	49	avoiding	avoid	VERB
stem-8156	91	50	conflict	conflict	NOUN
stem-8156	91	51	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	92	1	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	92	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
stem-8156	92	3	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	92	4	english	english	PROPN
stem-8156	92	5	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
stem-8156	92	6	objectivity	objectivity	NOUN
stem-8156	92	7	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	92	8	neutrality	neutrality	NOUN
stem-8156	92	9	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	92	10	academic	academic	ADJ
stem-8156	92	11	discourse	discourse	NOUN
stem-8156	92	12	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	92	13	gezegin	gezegin	NOUN
stem-8156	92	14	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	92	15	2020	2020	NUM
stem-8156	92	16	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	92	17	pp.50,55	pp.50,55	NOUN
stem-8156	92	18	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	92	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	93	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
stem-8156	93	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	93	3	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	93	4	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	93	5	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	93	6	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	93	7	not	not	PART
stem-8156	93	8	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
stem-8156	93	9	categorized	categorize	VERB
stem-8156	93	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	93	11	unlike	unlike	ADP
stem-8156	93	12	english	english	PROPN
stem-8156	93	13	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	93	14	which	which	PRON
stem-8156	93	15	has	have	VERB
stem-8156	93	16	a	a	DET
stem-8156	93	17	systematic	systematic	ADJ
stem-8156	93	18	classification	classification	NOUN
stem-8156	93	19	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	93	20	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	93	21	devices	device	NOUN
stem-8156	93	22	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	94	1	arabic	arabic	PROPN
stem-8156	94	2	uses	use	VERB
stem-8156	94	3	214	214	NUM
stem-8156	94	4	american	american	ADJ
stem-8156	94	5	journal	journal	NOUN
stem-8156	94	6	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	94	7	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	94	8	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	94	9	literacy	literacy	NOUN
stem-8156	94	10	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	94	11	learning	learn	VERB
stem-8156	94	12	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	94	13	stem	stem	NOUN
stem-8156	94	14	education	education	NOUN
stem-8156	94	15	www	www	PROPN
stem-8156	94	16	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	95	1	grnjournal.us	grnjournal.us	X
stem-8156	95	2	specific	specific	ADJ
stem-8156	95	3	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	95	4	tools	tool	NOUN
stem-8156	95	5	to	to	PART
stem-8156	95	6	express	express	VERB
stem-8156	95	7	caution	caution	NOUN
stem-8156	95	8	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	95	9	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	95	10	without	without	ADP
stem-8156	95	11	a	a	DET
stem-8156	95	12	structured	structured	ADJ
stem-8156	95	13	framework	framework	NOUN
stem-8156	95	14	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	95	15	taqi	taqi	NOUN
stem-8156	95	16	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	95	17	2021,604,614	2021,604,614	NUM
stem-8156	95	18	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	95	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	96	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
stem-8156	96	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	96	3	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	96	4	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	96	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	96	6	the	the	DET
stem-8156	96	7	case	case	NOUN
stem-8156	96	8	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	96	9	quite	quite	ADV
stem-8156	96	10	different	different	ADJ
stem-8156	96	11	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	97	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	97	2	concept	concept	NOUN
stem-8156	97	3	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	97	4	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	97	5	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	97	6	not	not	PART
stem-8156	97	7	known	know	VERB
stem-8156	97	8	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	97	9	a	a	DET
stem-8156	97	10	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	97	11	one	one	NUM
stem-8156	97	12	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	97	13	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	97	14	books	book	NOUN
stem-8156	97	15	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	97	16	grammar	grammar	NOUN
stem-8156	97	17	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	97	18	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
stem-8156	97	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	98	1	its	its	PRON
stem-8156	98	2	devices	device	NOUN
stem-8156	98	3	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	98	4	not	not	PART
stem-8156	98	5	classified	classify	VERB
stem-8156	98	6	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	98	7	hedges	hedge	NOUN
stem-8156	98	8	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	99	1	there	there	PRON
stem-8156	99	2	are	be	VERB
stem-8156	99	3	expressions	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	99	4	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	99	5	the	the	DET
stem-8156	99	6	idea	idea	NOUN
stem-8156	99	7	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	99	8	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	99	9	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	99	10	but	but	CCONJ
stem-8156	99	11	they	they	PRON
stem-8156	99	12	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	99	13	not	not	PART
stem-8156	99	14	stated	state	VERB
stem-8156	99	15	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	99	16	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	99	17	english	english	PROPN
stem-8156	99	18	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	100	1	syntactically	syntactically	ADV
stem-8156	100	2	speaking	speak	VERB
stem-8156	100	3	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	100	4	the	the	DET
stem-8156	100	5	expressions	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	100	6	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	100	7	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	100	8	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	100	9	verbs	verb	NOUN
stem-8156	100	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	100	11	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	100	12	practicality	practicality	NOUN
stem-8156	100	13	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	100	14	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	100	15	structures	structure	NOUN
stem-8156	100	16	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	100	17	taqi,2021	taqi,2021	NOUN
stem-8156	100	18	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	100	19	p.604,614	p.604,614	PROPN
stem-8156	100	20	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	100	21	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	101	1	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	101	2	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	101	3	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	101	4	arabic	arabic	NOUN
stem-8156	101	5	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	101	6	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	101	7	to	to	PART
stem-8156	101	8	express	express	VERB
stem-8156	101	9	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	101	10	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	101	11	politeness	politeness	NOUN
stem-8156	101	12	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	101	13	to	to	PART
stem-8156	101	14	soften	soften	VERB
stem-8156	101	15	statements	statement	NOUN
stem-8156	101	16	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	102	1	these	these	PRON
stem-8156	102	2	include	include	VERB
stem-8156	102	3	approximators	approximator	NOUN
stem-8156	102	4	like	like	ADP
stem-8156	102	5	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	102	6	taqribeen	taqribeen	NOUN
stem-8156	102	7	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	102	8	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	102	9	approximately	approximately	ADV
stem-8156	102	10	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	102	11	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	102	12	shields	shield	NOUN
stem-8156	102	13	such	such	ADJ
stem-8156	102	14	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	102	15	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	102	16	hasabeilmi	hasabeilmi	ADJ
stem-8156	102	17	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	102	18	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	102	19	as	as	ADV
stem-8156	102	20	far	far	ADV
stem-8156	102	21	as	as	SCONJ
stem-8156	102	22	i	i	PRON
stem-8156	102	23	know	know	VERB
stem-8156	102	24	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	102	25	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	103	1	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	103	2	also	also	ADV
stem-8156	103	3	identifies	identify	VERB
stem-8156	103	4	functions	function	NOUN
stem-8156	103	5	like	like	ADP
stem-8156	103	6	reducing	reduce	VERB
stem-8156	103	7	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
stem-8156	103	8	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	103	9	indicating	indicate	VERB
stem-8156	103	10	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
stem-8156	103	11	depending	depend	VERB
stem-8156	103	12	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	103	13	context	context	NOUN
stem-8156	103	14	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	103	15	abdul	abdul	PROPN
stem-8156	103	16	raheem	raheem	PROPN
stem-8156	103	17	al	al	PROPN
stem-8156	103	18	salami	salami	PROPN
stem-8156	103	19	2021	2021	NUM
stem-8156	103	20	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	103	21	pp	pp	ADP
stem-8156	103	22	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	104	1	3599	3599	NUM
stem-8156	104	2	-	-	SYM
stem-8156	104	3	3605	3605	NUM
stem-8156	104	4	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	104	5	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	105	1	hedges	hedge	NOUN
stem-8156	105	2	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	105	3	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	105	4	arabic	arabic	NOUN
stem-8156	105	5	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	105	6	studied	study	VERB
stem-8156	105	7	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	105	8	several	several	ADJ
stem-8156	105	9	ways	way	NOUN
stem-8156	105	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	105	11	the	the	DET
stem-8156	105	12	bellow	bellow	ADJ
stem-8156	105	13	table	table	NOUN
stem-8156	105	14	describes	describe	VERB
stem-8156	105	15	some	some	PRON
stem-8156	105	16	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	105	17	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	105	18	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	105	19	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	105	20	al	al	PROPN
stem-8156	105	21	salami	salami	PROPN
stem-8156	105	22	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	105	23	abdul	abdul	PROPN
stem-8156	105	24	raheem	raheem	PROPN
stem-8156	105	25	2021	2021	NUM
stem-8156	105	26	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	105	27	pp	pp	ADP
stem-8156	105	28	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	106	1	3599	3599	NUM
stem-8156	106	2	-	-	SYM
stem-8156	106	3	3605	3605	NUM
stem-8156	106	4	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	106	5	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	107	1	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	107	2	people	people	NOUN
stem-8156	107	3	use	use	VERB
stem-8156	107	4	different	different	ADJ
stem-8156	107	5	types	type	NOUN
stem-8156	107	6	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	107	7	hedges	hedge	NOUN
stem-8156	107	8	depending	depend	VERB
stem-8156	107	9	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	107	10	the	the	DET
stem-8156	107	11	context	context	NOUN
stem-8156	107	12	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	107	13	what	what	PRON
stem-8156	107	14	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	107	15	required	require	VERB
stem-8156	107	16	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	107	17	the	the	DET
stem-8156	107	18	situation	situation	NOUN
stem-8156	107	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	108	1	also	also	ADV
stem-8156	108	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	108	3	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	108	4	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	108	5	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	108	6	explained	explain	VERB
stem-8156	108	7	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	108	8	the	the	DET
stem-8156	108	9	use	use	NOUN
stem-8156	108	10	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	108	11	the	the	DET
stem-8156	108	12	quranic	quranic	ADJ
stem-8156	108	13	phrase	phrase	NOUN
stem-8156	108	14	"	"	PUNCT
stem-8156	108	15	inshallah	inshallah	PROPN
stem-8156	108	16	"	"	PUNCT
stem-8156	108	17	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	108	18	the	the	DET
stem-8156	108	19	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	108	20	dialect	dialect	NOUN
stem-8156	108	21	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	109	1	this	this	DET
stem-8156	109	2	phrase	phrase	NOUN
stem-8156	109	3	serves	serve	VERB
stem-8156	109	4	the	the	DET
stem-8156	109	5	context	context	NOUN
stem-8156	109	6	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	109	7	iraqis	iraqis	PROPN
stem-8156	109	8	during	during	ADP
stem-8156	109	9	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	109	10	everyday	everyday	ADJ
stem-8156	109	11	conversation	conversation	NOUN
stem-8156	109	12	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	109	13	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	109	14	categorized	categorize	VERB
stem-8156	109	15	according	accord	VERB
stem-8156	109	16	to	to	ADP
stem-8156	109	17	three	three	NUM
stem-8156	109	18	functions	function	NOUN
stem-8156	109	19	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	109	20	first	first	ADV
stem-8156	109	21	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	109	22	because	because	SCONJ
stem-8156	109	23	iraqis	iraqis	PROPN
stem-8156	109	24	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	109	25	muslims	muslim	NOUN
stem-8156	109	26	;	;	PUNCT
stem-8156	109	27	second	second	ADJ
stem-8156	109	28	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	109	29	because	because	SCONJ
stem-8156	109	30	the	the	DET
stem-8156	109	31	phrase	phrase	NOUN
stem-8156	109	32	deals	deal	VERB
stem-8156	109	33	with	with	ADP
stem-8156	109	34	emotions	emotion	NOUN
stem-8156	109	35	;	;	PUNCT
stem-8156	109	36	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	109	37	finally	finally	ADV
stem-8156	109	38	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	109	39	because	because	SCONJ
stem-8156	109	40	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	109	41	displays	display	VERB
stem-8156	109	42	indirectness	indirectness	ADJ
stem-8156	109	43	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	110	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	110	2	underlying	underlying	ADJ
stem-8156	110	3	motive	motive	NOUN
stem-8156	110	4	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	110	5	indirectness	indirectness	NOUN
stem-8156	110	6	seems	seem	VERB
stem-8156	110	7	to	to	PART
stem-8156	110	8	be	be	AUX
stem-8156	110	9	politeness	politeness	ADJ
stem-8156	110	10	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	111	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	111	2	relationship	relationship	NOUN
stem-8156	111	3	between	between	ADP
stem-8156	111	4	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	111	5	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	111	6	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	111	7	indirectness	indirectness	ADJ
stem-8156	111	8	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	111	9	politeness	politeness	NOUN
stem-8156	111	10	can	can	AUX
stem-8156	111	11	be	be	AUX
stem-8156	111	12	complicated	complicate	VERB
stem-8156	111	13	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	111	14	syaichoni	syaichoni	NOUN
stem-8156	111	15	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	111	16	hidayati	hidayati	PROPN
stem-8156	111	17	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	111	18	2024	2024	NUM
stem-8156	111	19	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	111	20	pp.150,161	pp.150,161	NUM
stem-8156	111	21	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	111	22	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	112	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
stem-8156	112	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	112	3	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	112	4	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	112	5	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	112	6	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	112	7	involves	involve	VERB
stem-8156	112	8	expressions	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	112	9	that	that	PRON
stem-8156	112	10	convey	convey	VERB
stem-8156	112	11	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	112	12	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	112	13	politeness	politeness	NOUN
stem-8156	112	14	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	112	15	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	112	16	a	a	DET
stem-8156	112	17	reduction	reduction	NOUN
stem-8156	112	18	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	112	19	the	the	DET
stem-8156	112	20	speaker	speaker	NOUN
stem-8156	112	21	's	's	PART
stem-8156	112	22	commitment	commitment	NOUN
stem-8156	112	23	to	to	ADP
stem-8156	112	24	a	a	DET
stem-8156	112	25	statement	statement	NOUN
stem-8156	112	26	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	113	1	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	113	2	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	113	3	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	113	4	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	113	5	involves	involve	VERB
stem-8156	113	6	daily	daily	ADJ
stem-8156	113	7	spontaneous	spontaneous	ADJ
stem-8156	113	8	conversations	conversation	NOUN
stem-8156	113	9	across	across	ADP
stem-8156	113	10	various	various	ADJ
stem-8156	113	11	contexts	contexts	NOUN
stem-8156	113	12	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	113	13	such	such	ADJ
stem-8156	113	14	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	113	15	interactions	interaction	NOUN
stem-8156	113	16	between	between	ADP
stem-8156	113	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
stem-8156	113	18	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	113	19	students	student	NOUN
stem-8156	113	20	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	113	21	doctors	doctor	NOUN
stem-8156	113	22	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	113	23	patients	patient	NOUN
stem-8156	113	24	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	113	25	al	al	PROPN
stem-8156	113	26	salami	salami	PROPN
stem-8156	113	27	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	113	28	abdul	abdul	PROPN
stem-8156	113	29	raheem	raheem	PROPN
stem-8156	113	30	2021	2021	NUM
stem-8156	113	31	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	113	32	pp	pp	ADP
stem-8156	113	33	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	114	1	3599	3599	NUM
stem-8156	114	2	-	-	SYM
stem-8156	114	3	3605	3605	NUM
stem-8156	114	4	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	114	5	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	115	1	table	table	NOUN
stem-8156	115	2	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	115	3	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	115	4	):	):	PUNCT
stem-8156	115	5	types	type	NOUN
stem-8156	115	6	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	115	7	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	115	8	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	115	9	hedgings	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	115	10	2.3	2.3	NUM
stem-8156	115	11	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	116	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	116	2	importance	importance	NOUN
stem-8156	116	3	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	116	4	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	116	5	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	116	6	plays	play	VERB
stem-8156	116	7	a	a	DET
stem-8156	116	8	crucial	crucial	ADJ
stem-8156	116	9	role	role	NOUN
stem-8156	116	10	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	116	11	pragmatics	pragmatic	NOUN
stem-8156	116	12	as	as	SCONJ
stem-8156	116	13	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	116	14	helps	help	VERB
stem-8156	116	15	to	to	PART
stem-8156	116	16	soften	soften	VERB
stem-8156	116	17	the	the	DET
stem-8156	116	18	impact	impact	NOUN
stem-8156	116	19	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	116	20	statements	statement	NOUN
stem-8156	116	21	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	116	22	making	make	VERB
stem-8156	116	23	them	they	PRON
stem-8156	116	24	more	more	ADV
stem-8156	116	25	polite	polite	ADJ
stem-8156	116	26	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	116	27	less	less	ADV
stem-8156	116	28	direct	direct	ADJ
stem-8156	116	29	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	117	1	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	117	2	allows	allow	VERB
stem-8156	117	3	speakers	speaker	NOUN
stem-8156	117	4	to	to	PART
stem-8156	117	5	express	express	VERB
stem-8156	117	6	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	117	7	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	117	8	avoid	avoid	VERB
stem-8156	117	9	confrontation	confrontation	NOUN
stem-8156	117	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	117	11	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	117	12	manage	manage	VERB
stem-8156	117	13	interpersonal	interpersonal	ADJ
stem-8156	117	14	relationships	relationship	NOUN
stem-8156	117	15	more	more	ADV
stem-8156	117	16	effectively	effectively	ADV
stem-8156	117	17	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	118	1	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	118	2	can	can	AUX
stem-8156	118	3	be	be	AUX
stem-8156	118	4	particularly	particularly	ADV
stem-8156	118	5	important	important	ADJ
stem-8156	118	6	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	118	7	academic	academic	ADJ
stem-8156	118	8	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	118	9	215	215	NUM
stem-8156	118	10	american	american	ADJ
stem-8156	118	11	journal	journal	NOUN
stem-8156	118	12	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	118	13	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	118	14	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	118	15	literacy	literacy	NOUN
stem-8156	118	16	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	118	17	learning	learn	VERB
stem-8156	118	18	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	118	19	stem	stem	NOUN
stem-8156	118	20	education	education	NOUN
stem-8156	118	21	www	www	PROPN
stem-8156	118	22	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	119	1	grnjournal.us	grnjournal.us	X
stem-8156	119	2	professional	professional	ADJ
stem-8156	119	3	contexts	contexts	NOUN
stem-8156	119	4	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	119	5	where	where	SCONJ
stem-8156	119	6	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	119	7	allows	allow	VERB
stem-8156	119	8	individuals	individual	NOUN
stem-8156	119	9	to	to	PART
stem-8156	119	10	present	present	VERB
stem-8156	119	11	information	information	NOUN
stem-8156	119	12	cautiously	cautiously	ADV
stem-8156	119	13	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	119	14	avoid	avoid	VERB
stem-8156	119	15	overgeneralization	overgeneralization	NOUN
stem-8156	119	16	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	120	1	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	120	2	can	can	AUX
stem-8156	120	3	mitigate	mitigate	VERB
stem-8156	120	4	the	the	DET
stem-8156	120	5	force	force	NOUN
stem-8156	120	6	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	120	7	a	a	DET
stem-8156	120	8	statement	statement	NOUN
stem-8156	120	9	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	120	10	making	make	VERB
stem-8156	120	11	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	120	12	more	more	ADV
stem-8156	120	13	socially	socially	ADV
stem-8156	120	14	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ
stem-8156	120	15	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	120	16	less	less	ADV
stem-8156	120	17	likely	likely	ADJ
stem-8156	120	18	to	to	PART
stem-8156	120	19	provoke	provoke	VERB
stem-8156	120	20	disagreement	disagreement	NOUN
stem-8156	120	21	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	120	22	thonus	thonus	ADJ
stem-8156	120	23	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	120	24	1996	1996	NUM
stem-8156	120	25	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	120	26	p.245	p.245	NOUN
stem-8156	120	27	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	120	28	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	121	1	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	121	2	plays	play	VERB
stem-8156	121	3	a	a	DET
stem-8156	121	4	significant	significant	ADJ
stem-8156	121	5	role	role	NOUN
stem-8156	121	6	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	121	7	pragmatics	pragmatic	NOUN
stem-8156	121	8	by	by	ADP
stem-8156	121	9	allowing	allow	VERB
stem-8156	121	10	speakers	speaker	NOUN
stem-8156	121	11	to	to	PART
stem-8156	121	12	soften	soften	VERB
stem-8156	121	13	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	121	14	statements	statement	NOUN
stem-8156	121	15	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	121	16	express	express	VERB
stem-8156	121	17	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	121	18	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	121	19	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	121	20	avoid	avoid	VERB
stem-8156	121	21	confrontation	confrontation	NOUN
stem-8156	121	22	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	121	23	which	which	PRON
stem-8156	121	24	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	121	25	important	important	ADJ
stem-8156	121	26	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	121	27	managing	manage	VERB
stem-8156	121	28	social	social	ADJ
stem-8156	121	29	relationships	relationship	NOUN
stem-8156	121	30	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	121	31	maintaining	maintain	VERB
stem-8156	121	32	politeness	politeness	NOUN
stem-8156	121	33	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	122	1	by	by	ADP
stem-8156	122	2	using	use	VERB
stem-8156	122	3	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	122	4	devices	device	NOUN
stem-8156	122	5	such	such	ADJ
stem-8156	122	6	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	122	7	modal	modal	ADJ
stem-8156	122	8	verbs	verb	NOUN
stem-8156	122	9	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	122	10	adverbs	adverb	NOUN
stem-8156	122	11	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	122	12	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	122	13	phrases	phrase	NOUN
stem-8156	122	14	like	like	ADP
stem-8156	122	15	"	"	PUNCT
stem-8156	122	16	i	i	PRON
stem-8156	122	17	think	think	VERB
stem-8156	122	18	"	"	PUNCT
stem-8156	122	19	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	122	20	"	"	PUNCT
stem-8156	122	21	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
stem-8156	122	22	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	122	23	"	"	PUNCT
stem-8156	122	24	speakers	speaker	NOUN
stem-8156	122	25	can	can	AUX
stem-8156	122	26	create	create	VERB
stem-8156	122	27	a	a	DET
stem-8156	122	28	more	more	ADV
stem-8156	122	29	tentative	tentative	ADJ
stem-8156	122	30	tone	tone	NOUN
stem-8156	122	31	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	122	32	thus	thus	ADV
stem-8156	122	33	reducing	reduce	VERB
stem-8156	122	34	the	the	DET
stem-8156	122	35	impact	impact	NOUN
stem-8156	122	36	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	122	37	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	122	38	assertions	assertion	NOUN
stem-8156	122	39	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	123	1	this	this	PRON
stem-8156	123	2	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	123	3	especially	especially	ADV
stem-8156	123	4	relevant	relevant	ADJ
stem-8156	123	5	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	123	6	contexts	context	NOUN
stem-8156	123	7	where	where	SCONJ
stem-8156	123	8	face	face	NOUN
stem-8156	123	9	-	-	PUNCT
stem-8156	123	10	threatening	threaten	VERB
stem-8156	123	11	acts	act	NOUN
stem-8156	123	12	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	123	13	ftas	fta	NOUN
stem-8156	123	14	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	123	15	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	123	16	present	present	ADJ
stem-8156	123	17	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	123	18	as	as	SCONJ
stem-8156	123	19	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	123	20	helps	help	VERB
stem-8156	123	21	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	123	22	mitigating	mitigate	VERB
stem-8156	123	23	the	the	DET
stem-8156	123	24	potential	potential	ADJ
stem-8156	123	25	threat	threat	NOUN
stem-8156	123	26	to	to	ADP
stem-8156	123	27	the	the	DET
stem-8156	123	28	listener	listener	NOUN
stem-8156	123	29	's	's	PART
stem-8156	123	30	social	social	ADJ
stem-8156	123	31	face	face	NOUN
stem-8156	123	32	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	124	1	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
stem-8156	124	2	that	that	SCONJ
stem-8156	124	3	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	124	4	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	124	5	crucial	crucial	ADJ
stem-8156	124	6	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	124	7	the	the	DET
stem-8156	124	8	context	context	NOUN
stem-8156	124	9	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	124	10	politeness	politeness	ADJ
stem-8156	124	11	strategies	strategy	NOUN
stem-8156	124	12	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	124	13	helping	help	VERB
stem-8156	124	14	speakers	speaker	NOUN
stem-8156	124	15	to	to	PART
stem-8156	124	16	avoid	avoid	VERB
stem-8156	124	17	sounding	sound	VERB
stem-8156	124	18	overly	overly	ADV
stem-8156	124	19	authoritative	authoritative	ADJ
stem-8156	124	20	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	124	21	blunt	blunt	ADJ
stem-8156	124	22	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	125	1	this	this	PRON
stem-8156	125	2	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	125	3	essential	essential	ADJ
stem-8156	125	4	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	125	5	many	many	ADJ
stem-8156	125	6	social	social	ADJ
stem-8156	125	7	interactions	interaction	NOUN
stem-8156	125	8	where	where	SCONJ
stem-8156	125	9	maintaining	maintain	VERB
stem-8156	125	10	harmony	harmony	NOUN
stem-8156	125	11	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	125	12	valued	value	VERB
stem-8156	125	13	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	125	14	holmes	holme	NOUN
stem-8156	125	15	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	125	16	2013	2013	NUM
stem-8156	125	17	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	125	18	p.	p.	NOUN
stem-8156	125	19	103	103	NUM
stem-8156	125	20	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	125	21	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	126	1	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	126	2	the	the	DET
stem-8156	126	3	other	other	ADJ
stem-8156	126	4	hand	hand	NOUN
stem-8156	126	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	126	6	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	126	7	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	126	8	very	very	ADV
stem-8156	126	9	important	important	ADJ
stem-8156	126	10	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	126	11	academic	academic	ADJ
stem-8156	126	12	writing	writing	NOUN
stem-8156	126	13	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	127	1	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	127	2	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	127	3	focusing	focus	VERB
stem-8156	127	4	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	127	5	its	its	PRON
stem-8156	127	6	function	function	NOUN
stem-8156	127	7	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	127	8	making	make	VERB
stem-8156	127	9	claims	claim	NOUN
stem-8156	127	10	less	less	ADV
stem-8156	127	11	definitive	definitive	ADJ
stem-8156	127	12	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	127	13	more	more	ADV
stem-8156	127	14	cautious	cautious	ADJ
stem-8156	127	15	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	128	1	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	128	2	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	128	3	essential	essential	ADJ
stem-8156	128	4	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	128	5	maintaining	maintain	VERB
stem-8156	128	6	credibility	credibility	NOUN
stem-8156	128	7	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	128	8	preventing	prevent	VERB
stem-8156	128	9	overstatements	overstatement	NOUN
stem-8156	128	10	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	129	1	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	129	2	reflects	reflect	VERB
stem-8156	129	3	an	an	DET
stem-8156	129	4	awareness	awareness	NOUN
stem-8156	129	5	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	129	6	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	129	7	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	129	8	which	which	PRON
stem-8156	129	9	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	129	10	crucial	crucial	ADJ
stem-8156	129	11	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	129	12	nuanced	nuanced	ADJ
stem-8156	129	13	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	129	14	credible	credible	ADJ
stem-8156	129	15	academic	academic	ADJ
stem-8156	129	16	discourse	discourse	NOUN
stem-8156	129	17	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	129	18	crompton	crompton	PROPN
stem-8156	129	19	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	129	20	1997	1997	NUM
stem-8156	129	21	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	129	22	pp.271	pp.271	NOUN
stem-8156	129	23	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	129	24	287	287	NUM
stem-8156	129	25	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	129	26	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	130	1	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	130	2	helps	help	VERB
stem-8156	130	3	fuzzy	fuzzy	ADJ
stem-8156	130	4	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
stem-8156	130	5	around	around	ADP
stem-8156	130	6	meaning	meaning	NOUN
stem-8156	130	7	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	130	8	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	130	9	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	130	10	thus	thus	ADV
stem-8156	130	11	allowing	allow	VERB
stem-8156	130	12	speakers	speaker	NOUN
stem-8156	130	13	to	to	PART
stem-8156	130	14	express	express	VERB
stem-8156	130	15	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	130	16	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	130	17	deal	deal	VERB
stem-8156	130	18	with	with	ADP
stem-8156	130	19	ambiguous	ambiguous	ADJ
stem-8156	130	20	concepts	concept	NOUN
stem-8156	130	21	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	130	22	lakoff	lakoff	NOUN
stem-8156	130	23	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	130	24	1973	1973	NUM
stem-8156	130	25	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	130	26	pp	pp	ADP
stem-8156	130	27	453	453	NUM
stem-8156	130	28	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	130	29	458	458	NUM
stem-8156	130	30	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	130	31	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	131	1	another	another	DET
stem-8156	131	2	use	use	NOUN
stem-8156	131	3	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	131	4	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	131	5	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	131	6	to	to	PART
stem-8156	131	7	make	make	VERB
stem-8156	131	8	directives	directive	NOUN
stem-8156	131	9	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	131	10	commands	command	NOUN
stem-8156	131	11	softer	soft	ADJ
stem-8156	131	12	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	131	13	more	more	ADV
stem-8156	131	14	polite	polite	ADJ
stem-8156	131	15	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	132	1	this	this	PRON
stem-8156	132	2	helps	help	VERB
stem-8156	132	3	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	132	4	reducing	reduce	VERB
stem-8156	132	5	conflicts	conflict	NOUN
stem-8156	132	6	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	132	7	managing	manage	VERB
stem-8156	132	8	social	social	ADJ
stem-8156	132	9	relationships	relationship	NOUN
stem-8156	132	10	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	132	11	fraser	fraser	NOUN
stem-8156	132	12	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	132	13	1975	1975	NUM
stem-8156	132	14	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	132	15	pp.260,261	pp.260,261	NOUN
stem-8156	132	16	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	132	17	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	133	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
stem-8156	133	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	133	3	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	133	4	works	work	VERB
stem-8156	133	5	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	133	6	communication	communication	NOUN
stem-8156	133	7	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	133	8	particularly	particularly	ADV
stem-8156	133	9	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	133	10	how	how	SCONJ
stem-8156	133	11	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	133	12	allows	allow	VERB
stem-8156	133	13	speakers	speaker	NOUN
stem-8156	133	14	to	to	PART
stem-8156	133	15	adjust	adjust	VERB
stem-8156	133	16	the	the	DET
stem-8156	133	17	strength	strength	NOUN
stem-8156	133	18	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	133	19	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	133	20	claims	claim	NOUN
stem-8156	133	21	to	to	PART
stem-8156	133	22	make	make	VERB
stem-8156	133	23	them	they	PRON
stem-8156	133	24	more	more	ADV
stem-8156	133	25	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ
stem-8156	133	26	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	134	1	this	this	DET
stem-8156	134	2	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
stem-8156	134	3	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	134	4	crucial	crucial	ADJ
stem-8156	134	5	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	134	6	contexts	context	NOUN
stem-8156	134	7	requiring	require	VERB
stem-8156	134	8	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	134	9	leech	leech	NOUN
stem-8156	134	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	134	11	1983	1983	NUM
stem-8156	134	12	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	134	13	pp.8,12	pp.8,12	NUM
stem-8156	134	14	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	134	15	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	135	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
stem-8156	135	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	135	3	the	the	DET
stem-8156	135	4	role	role	NOUN
stem-8156	135	5	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	135	6	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	135	7	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	135	8	a	a	DET
stem-8156	135	9	rhetorical	rhetorical	ADJ
stem-8156	135	10	tool	tool	NOUN
stem-8156	135	11	that	that	PRON
stem-8156	135	12	mitigates	mitigate	VERB
stem-8156	135	13	the	the	DET
stem-8156	135	14	impact	impact	NOUN
stem-8156	135	15	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	135	16	statements	statement	NOUN
stem-8156	135	17	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	135	18	especially	especially	ADV
stem-8156	135	19	when	when	SCONJ
stem-8156	135	20	they	they	PRON
stem-8156	135	21	might	might	AUX
stem-8156	135	22	threaten	threaten	VERB
stem-8156	135	23	social	social	ADJ
stem-8156	135	24	harmony	harmony	NOUN
stem-8156	135	25	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	136	1	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	136	2	helps	help	VERB
stem-8156	136	3	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	136	4	moderating	moderate	VERB
stem-8156	136	5	directness	directness	NOUN
stem-8156	136	6	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	136	7	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
stem-8156	136	8	smoother	smooth	ADJ
stem-8156	136	9	communication	communication	NOUN
stem-8156	136	10	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	137	1	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	137	2	dante	dante	NOUN
stem-8156	137	3	1980	1980	NUM
stem-8156	137	4	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	137	5	pp.42,45	pp.42,45	NOUN
stem-8156	137	6	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	137	7	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	138	1	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	138	2	helps	helps	AUX
stem-8156	138	3	maintain	maintain	VERB
stem-8156	138	4	politeness	politeness	NOUN
stem-8156	138	5	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	138	6	conversations	conversation	NOUN
stem-8156	138	7	by	by	ADP
stem-8156	138	8	softening	soften	VERB
stem-8156	138	9	statements	statement	NOUN
stem-8156	138	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	138	11	which	which	PRON
stem-8156	138	12	prevents	prevent	VERB
stem-8156	138	13	threatening	threaten	VERB
stem-8156	138	14	others	other	NOUN
stem-8156	138	15	face	face	VERB
stem-8156	138	16	this	this	DET
stem-8156	138	17	indirectness	indirectness	NOUN
stem-8156	138	18	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	138	19	vital	vital	ADJ
stem-8156	138	20	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	138	21	managing	manage	VERB
stem-8156	138	22	social	social	ADJ
stem-8156	138	23	interactions	interaction	NOUN
stem-8156	138	24	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	138	25	brown	brown	NOUN
stem-8156	138	26	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	138	27	levinson	levinson	PROPN
stem-8156	138	28	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	138	29	1987	1987	NUM
stem-8156	138	30	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	138	31	pp.61,62	pp.61,62	NOUN
stem-8156	138	32	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	138	33	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	139	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
stem-8156	139	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	139	3	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	139	4	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	139	5	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
stem-8156	139	6	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	139	7	the	the	DET
stem-8156	139	8	use	use	NOUN
stem-8156	139	9	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	139	10	expressions	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	139	11	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	139	12	phrases	phrase	NOUN
stem-8156	139	13	that	that	PRON
stem-8156	139	14	indicate	indicate	VERB
stem-8156	139	15	caution	caution	NOUN
stem-8156	139	16	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	139	17	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	139	18	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	139	19	a	a	DET
stem-8156	139	20	statement	statement	NOUN
stem-8156	139	21	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	139	22	making	make	VERB
stem-8156	139	23	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	139	24	more	more	ADV
stem-8156	139	25	flexible	flexible	ADJ
stem-8156	139	26	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	139	27	suitable	suitable	ADJ
stem-8156	139	28	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	139	29	different	different	ADJ
stem-8156	139	30	social	social	ADJ
stem-8156	139	31	contexts	contexts	NOUN
stem-8156	139	32	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	140	1	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	140	2	's	be	AUX
stem-8156	140	3	useful	useful	ADJ
stem-8156	140	4	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	140	5	negotiations	negotiation	NOUN
stem-8156	140	6	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	140	7	reducing	reduce	VERB
stem-8156	140	8	confrontation	confrontation	NOUN
stem-8156	140	9	risks	risk	NOUN
stem-8156	140	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	140	11	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	140	12	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	140	13	commonly	commonly	ADV
stem-8156	140	14	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	140	15	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	140	16	academic	academic	ADJ
stem-8156	140	17	writing	writing	NOUN
stem-8156	140	18	to	to	PART
stem-8156	140	19	present	present	ADJ
stem-8156	140	20	findings	finding	NOUN
stem-8156	140	21	modestly	modestly	ADV
stem-8156	140	22	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	140	23	non	non	ADJ
stem-8156	140	24	-	-	ADJ
stem-8156	140	25	committedly	committedly	ADJ
stem-8156	140	26	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	141	1	3	3	X
stem-8156	141	2	.	.	X
stem-8156	141	3	methodology	methodology	NOUN
stem-8156	141	4	the	the	DET
stem-8156	141	5	method	method	NOUN
stem-8156	141	6	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	141	7	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	141	8	this	this	DET
stem-8156	141	9	research	research	NOUN
stem-8156	141	10	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	141	11	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
stem-8156	141	12	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	142	1	this	this	DET
stem-8156	142	2	method	method	NOUN
stem-8156	142	3	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	142	4	particularly	particularly	ADV
stem-8156	142	5	useful	useful	ADJ
stem-8156	142	6	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	142	7	studying	study	VERB
stem-8156	142	8	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	142	9	strategies	strategy	NOUN
stem-8156	142	10	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	142	11	facebook	facebook	PROPN
stem-8156	142	12	reels	reel	NOUN
stem-8156	142	13	'	'	PART
stem-8156	142	14	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	142	15	conversations	conversation	NOUN
stem-8156	142	16	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	143	1	we	we	PRON
stem-8156	143	2	selected	select	VERB
stem-8156	143	3	this	this	DET
stem-8156	143	4	method	method	NOUN
stem-8156	143	5	to	to	PART
stem-8156	143	6	present	present	VERB
stem-8156	143	7	statistics	statistic	NOUN
stem-8156	143	8	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	143	9	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	143	10	usage	usage	NOUN
stem-8156	143	11	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	143	12	online	online	ADJ
stem-8156	143	13	conversations	conversation	NOUN
stem-8156	143	14	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	144	1	this	this	DET
stem-8156	144	2	method	method	NOUN
stem-8156	144	3	approach	approach	NOUN
stem-8156	144	4	allows	allow	VERB
stem-8156	144	5	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	144	6	a	a	DET
stem-8156	144	7	better	well	ADJ
stem-8156	144	8	understanding	understanding	NOUN
stem-8156	144	9	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	144	10	how	how	SCONJ
stem-8156	144	11	hedging	hedging	ADJ
stem-8156	144	12	impacts	impact	NOUN
stem-8156	144	13	discourse	discourse	VERB
stem-8156	144	14	through	through	ADP
stem-8156	144	15	its	its	PRON
stem-8156	144	16	frequency	frequency	NOUN
stem-8156	144	17	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	144	18	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
stem-8156	144	19	implications	implication	NOUN
stem-8156	144	20	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	145	1	a	a	DET
stem-8156	145	2	sample	sample	NOUN
stem-8156	145	3	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	145	4	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	145	5	facebook	facebook	NOUN
stem-8156	145	6	interactions	interaction	NOUN
stem-8156	145	7	includes	include	VERB
stem-8156	145	8	various	various	ADJ
stem-8156	145	9	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	145	10	terms	term	NOUN
stem-8156	145	11	to	to	PART
stem-8156	145	12	examine	examine	VERB
stem-8156	145	13	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	145	14	order	order	NOUN
stem-8156	145	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
stem-8156	145	16	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	146	1	after	after	ADP
stem-8156	146	2	looking	look	VERB
stem-8156	146	3	at	at	ADP
stem-8156	146	4	many	many	ADJ
stem-8156	146	5	reel	reel	NOUN
stem-8156	146	6	clips	clip	NOUN
stem-8156	146	7	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	146	8	facebook	facebook	PROPN
stem-8156	146	9	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	146	10	a	a	DET
stem-8156	146	11	series	series	NOUN
stem-8156	146	12	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	146	13	chats	chat	NOUN
stem-8156	146	14	was	be	AUX
stem-8156	146	15	gathered	gather	VERB
stem-8156	146	16	that	that	PRON
stem-8156	146	17	amply	amply	ADV
stem-8156	146	18	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
stem-8156	146	19	the	the	DET
stem-8156	146	20	use	use	NOUN
stem-8156	146	21	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	146	22	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	146	23	phrases	phrase	NOUN
stem-8156	146	24	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	146	25	the	the	DET
stem-8156	146	26	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	146	27	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	147	1	twenty	twenty	NUM
stem-8156	147	2	reel	reel	NOUN
stem-8156	147	3	videos	video	NOUN
stem-8156	147	4	were	be	AUX
stem-8156	147	5	gathered	gather	VERB
stem-8156	147	6	from	from	ADP
stem-8156	147	7	facebook	facebook	PROPN
stem-8156	147	8	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	147	9	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	147	10	the	the	DET
stem-8156	147	11	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	147	12	phrases	phrase	NOUN
stem-8156	147	13	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	147	14	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	147	15	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	147	16	talks	talk	NOUN
stem-8156	147	17	were	be	AUX
stem-8156	147	18	extracted	extract	VERB
stem-8156	147	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	148	1	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	148	2	subsequently	subsequently	ADV
stem-8156	148	3	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	148	4	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	148	5	frequency	frequency	NOUN
stem-8156	148	6	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	148	7	the	the	DET
stem-8156	148	8	reels	reel	NOUN
stem-8156	148	9	facebook	facebook	PROPN
stem-8156	148	10	helped	help	VERB
stem-8156	148	11	to	to	PART
stem-8156	148	12	classify	classify	VERB
stem-8156	148	13	those	those	DET
stem-8156	148	14	terms	term	NOUN
stem-8156	148	15	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	149	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	149	2	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	149	3	uses	use	VERB
stem-8156	149	4	a	a	DET
stem-8156	149	5	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
stem-8156	149	6	framework	framework	NOUN
stem-8156	149	7	to	to	PART
stem-8156	149	8	analyze	analyze	VERB
stem-8156	149	9	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	149	10	styles	style	NOUN
stem-8156	149	11	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	149	12	by	by	ADP
stem-8156	149	13	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	149	14	people	people	NOUN
stem-8156	149	15	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	149	16	social	social	ADJ
stem-8156	149	17	media	medium	NOUN
stem-8156	149	18	platforms	platform	NOUN
stem-8156	149	19	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	149	20	specifically	specifically	ADV
stem-8156	149	21	facebook	facebook	VERB
stem-8156	149	22	reels	reel	NOUN
stem-8156	149	23	with	with	ADP
stem-8156	149	24	clear	clear	ADJ
stem-8156	149	25	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	149	26	words	word	NOUN
stem-8156	149	27	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	150	1	data	datum	NOUN
stem-8156	150	2	was	be	AUX
stem-8156	150	3	collected	collect	VERB
stem-8156	150	4	from	from	ADP
stem-8156	150	5	various	various	ADJ
stem-8156	150	6	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	150	7	reels	reel	NOUN
stem-8156	150	8	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	150	9	facebook	facebook	NOUN
stem-8156	150	10	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	150	11	distributed	distribute	VERB
stem-8156	150	12	according	accord	VERB
stem-8156	150	13	to	to	ADP
stem-8156	150	14	the	the	DET
stem-8156	150	15	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
stem-8156	150	16	pattern	pattern	NOUN
stem-8156	150	17	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	150	18	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	150	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	151	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	151	2	research	research	NOUN
stem-8156	151	3	explores	explore	VERB
stem-8156	151	4	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	151	5	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	151	6	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	151	7	facebook	facebook	PROPN
stem-8156	151	8	reel	reel	NOUN
stem-8156	151	9	conversations	conversation	NOUN
stem-8156	151	10	by	by	ADP
stem-8156	151	11	selecting	select	VERB
stem-8156	151	12	conversations	conversation	NOUN
stem-8156	151	13	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	151	14	analyzing	analyze	VERB
stem-8156	151	15	them	they	PRON
stem-8156	151	16	based	base	VERB
stem-8156	151	17	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	151	18	repetition	repetition	NOUN
stem-8156	151	19	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	151	20	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	151	21	words	word	NOUN
stem-8156	151	22	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	152	1	different	different	ADJ
stem-8156	152	2	types	type	NOUN
stem-8156	152	3	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	152	4	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	152	5	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	152	6	identified	identify	VERB
stem-8156	152	7	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	152	8	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	152	9	the	the	DET
stem-8156	152	10	percentage	percentage	NOUN
stem-8156	152	11	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	152	12	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	152	13	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	152	14	the	the	DET
stem-8156	152	15	video	video	NOUN
stem-8156	152	16	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	152	17	calculated	calculate	VERB
stem-8156	152	18	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	153	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	153	2	aim	aim	NOUN
stem-8156	153	3	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	153	4	to	to	PART
stem-8156	153	5	provide	provide	VERB
stem-8156	153	6	a	a	DET
stem-8156	153	7	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
stem-8156	153	8	understanding	understanding	NOUN
stem-8156	153	9	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	153	10	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	153	11	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	153	12	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	153	13	conversations	conversation	NOUN
stem-8156	153	14	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	154	1	4	4	X
stem-8156	154	2	.	.	NOUN
stem-8156	154	3	result	result	NOUN
stem-8156	154	4	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	154	5	discussion	discussion	NOUN
stem-8156	154	6	216	216	NUM
stem-8156	154	7	american	american	ADJ
stem-8156	154	8	journal	journal	NOUN
stem-8156	154	9	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	154	10	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	154	11	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	154	12	literacy	literacy	NOUN
stem-8156	154	13	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	154	14	learning	learn	VERB
stem-8156	154	15	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	154	16	stem	stem	NOUN
stem-8156	154	17	education	education	NOUN
stem-8156	154	18	www	www	NOUN
stem-8156	154	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	155	1	grnjournal.us	grnjournal.us	X
stem-8156	155	2	the	the	DET
stem-8156	155	3	collected	collect	VERB
stem-8156	155	4	data	datum	NOUN
stem-8156	155	5	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	155	6	presented	present	VERB
stem-8156	155	7	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	155	8	the	the	DET
stem-8156	155	9	table	table	NOUN
stem-8156	155	10	below	below	ADV
stem-8156	155	11	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	155	12	table	table	NOUN
stem-8156	155	13	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	155	14	2	2	NUM
stem-8156	155	15	):	):	PUNCT
stem-8156	155	16	the	the	DET
stem-8156	155	17	collected	collect	VERB
stem-8156	155	18	data	data	NOUN
stem-8156	155	19	videos	video	NOUN
stem-8156	155	20	types	type	NOUN
stem-8156	155	21	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	155	22	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	155	23	transliterat	transliterat	NOUN
stem-8156	155	24	ion	ion	NOUN
stem-8156	155	25	english	english	ADJ
stem-8156	155	26	translation	translation	NOUN
stem-8156	155	27	number	number	NOUN
stem-8156	155	28	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	155	29	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	155	30	percentage	percentage	NOUN
stem-8156	155	31	video	video	NOUN
stem-8156	155	32	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	155	33	probability	probability	NOUN
stem-8156	155	34	rubuma	rubuma	NOUN
stem-8156	155	35	maybe	maybe	ADV
stem-8156	155	36	4	4	NUM
stem-8156	155	37	30.4	30.4	NUM
stem-8156	155	38	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	155	39	probability	probability	NOUN
stem-8156	155	40	la	la	PROPN
stem-8156	155	41	aietaqid	aietaqid	PROPN
stem-8156	155	42	i	i	PRON
stem-8156	155	43	do	do	AUX
stem-8156	155	44	n’t	not	PART
stem-8156	155	45	think	think	VERB
stem-8156	155	46	so	so	ADV
stem-8156	155	47	2	2	NUM
stem-8156	155	48	4.35	4.35	NUM
stem-8156	155	49	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	155	50	vague	vague	ADJ
stem-8156	155	51	expressions	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	155	52	hasab	hasab	VERB
stem-8156	155	53	eilmi	eilmi	PROPN
stem-8156	155	54	as	as	ADV
stem-8156	155	55	far	far	ADV
stem-8156	155	56	as	as	SCONJ
stem-8156	155	57	i	i	PRON
stem-8156	155	58	know	know	VERB
stem-8156	155	59	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	155	60	2.17	2.17	NUM
stem-8156	155	61	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	155	62	vague	vague	ADJ
stem-8156	155	63	expressions	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	155	64	alaa	alaa	PROPN
stem-8156	155	65	hadan	hadan	PROPN
stem-8156	155	66	ma	ma	PROPN
stem-8156	155	67	to	to	ADP
stem-8156	155	68	some	some	DET
stem-8156	155	69	extent	extent	NOUN
stem-8156	155	70	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	155	71	2.17	2.17	NUM
stem-8156	155	72	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	155	73	political	political	ADJ
stem-8156	155	74	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	155	75	discours	discour	NOUN
stem-8156	155	76	atahafaz	atahafaz	VERB
stem-8156	155	77	elaa	elaa	PROPN
stem-8156	155	78	dhalik	dhalik	NOUN
stem-8156	156	1	i	i	PRON
stem-8156	156	2	reserve	reserve	VERB
stem-8156	156	3	that	that	SCONJ
stem-8156	156	4	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	156	5	2.17	2.17	NUM
stem-8156	156	6	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	156	7	video	video	NOUN
stem-8156	156	8	2	2	NUM
stem-8156	156	9	probability	probability	NOUN
stem-8156	156	10	rubama	rubama	NOUN
stem-8156	156	11	maybe	maybe	ADV
stem-8156	156	12	6	6	NUM
stem-8156	156	13	30.43	30.43	NUM
stem-8156	156	14	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	156	15	probability	probability	NOUN
stem-8156	156	16	aetaqid	aetaqid	NOUN
stem-8156	156	17	think	think	VERB
stem-8156	156	18	7	7	NUM
stem-8156	156	19	21.74	21.74	NUM
stem-8156	156	20	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	156	21	video	video	NOUN
stem-8156	156	22	3	3	NUM
stem-8156	156	23	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
stem-8156	156	24	ma	ma	PROPN
stem-8156	156	25	adari	adari	PROPN
stem-8156	157	1	i	i	PRON
stem-8156	157	2	do	do	AUX
stem-8156	157	3	n’t	not	PART
stem-8156	157	4	know	know	VERB
stem-8156	157	5	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	157	6	2.17	2.17	NUM
stem-8156	157	7	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	157	8	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
stem-8156	157	9	ma	ma	PROPN
stem-8156	157	10	aerif	aerif	PROPN
stem-8156	157	11	i	i	PRON
stem-8156	157	12	do	do	AUX
stem-8156	157	13	n’t	not	PART
stem-8156	157	14	know	know	VERB
stem-8156	157	15	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	157	16	2.17	2.17	NUM
stem-8156	157	17	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	157	18	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
stem-8156	157	19	mali	mali	VERB
stem-8156	157	20	ealaqa	ealaqa	NOUN
stem-8156	157	21	i	i	PRON
stem-8156	157	22	do	do	AUX
stem-8156	157	23	n’t	not	PART
stem-8156	157	24	know	know	VERB
stem-8156	157	25	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	157	26	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	157	27	i	i	PRON
stem-8156	157	28	do	do	AUX
stem-8156	157	29	n’t	not	PART
stem-8156	157	30	care	care	VERB
stem-8156	157	31	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	157	32	2.17	2.17	NUM
stem-8156	157	33	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	157	34	video	video	NOUN
stem-8156	157	35	4	4	NUM
stem-8156	157	36	vague	vague	ADJ
stem-8156	157	37	expression	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	157	38	brayi	brayi	NOUN
stem-8156	157	39	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	157	40	my	my	PRON
stem-8156	157	41	opinion	opinion	NOUN
stem-8156	157	42	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	157	43	2.17	2.17	NUM
stem-8156	157	44	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	157	45	probability	probability	NOUN
stem-8156	157	46	lrubama	lrubama	NOUN
stem-8156	157	47	maybe	maybe	ADV
stem-8156	157	48	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	157	49	2.17	2.17	NUM
stem-8156	157	50	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	157	51	video	video	NOUN
stem-8156	157	52	5	5	NUM
stem-8156	157	53	vague	vague	ADJ
stem-8156	157	54	expression	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	157	55	aetaqid	aetaqid	NOUN
stem-8156	157	56	think	think	VERB
stem-8156	158	1	2	2	NUM
stem-8156	158	2	21.74	21.74	NUM
stem-8156	158	3	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	158	4	vague	vague	ADJ
stem-8156	158	5	expression	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	158	6	min	min	NOUN
stem-8156	158	7	wijhat	wijhat	INTJ
stem-8156	158	8	nazari	nazari	NOUN
stem-8156	158	9	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	158	10	my	my	PRON
stem-8156	158	11	opinion	opinion	NOUN
stem-8156	158	12	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	158	13	2.17	2.17	NUM
stem-8156	158	14	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	158	15	video	video	NOUN
stem-8156	158	16	6	6	NUM
stem-8156	158	17	vague	vague	NOUN
stem-8156	158	18	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	158	19	expression	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	158	20	yaeni	yaeni	PROPN
stem-8156	158	21	kind	kind	NOUN
stem-8156	158	22	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	158	23	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	158	24	2.17	2.17	NUM
stem-8156	158	25	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	158	26	political	political	ADJ
stem-8156	158	27	discourse	discourse	NOUN
stem-8156	159	1	la	la	DET
stem-8156	159	2	bass	bass	PROPN
stem-8156	159	3	bih	bih	PROPN
stem-8156	159	4	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	159	5	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	159	6	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ
stem-8156	159	7	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	159	8	4.35	4.35	NUM
stem-8156	159	9	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	159	10	political	political	ADJ
stem-8156	159	11	discourse	discourse	NOUN
stem-8156	159	12	tufi	tufi	PROPN
stem-8156	159	13	bialgharad	bialgharad	PROPN
stem-8156	160	1	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	160	2	suffice	suffice	VERB
stem-8156	160	3	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	160	4	2.17	2.17	NUM
stem-8156	160	5	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	160	6	video	video	NOUN
stem-8156	160	7	7	7	NUM
stem-8156	160	8	probability	probability	NOUN
stem-8156	160	9	mumkin	mumkin	NOUN
stem-8156	160	10	maybe	maybe	ADV
stem-8156	160	11	2	2	NUM
stem-8156	160	12	6.52	6.52	NUM
stem-8156	160	13	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	160	14	video	video	NOUN
stem-8156	160	15	8	8	NUM
stem-8156	160	16	political	political	ADJ
stem-8156	160	17	discourse	discourse	NOUN
stem-8156	160	18	ma	ma	PROPN
stem-8156	160	19	ahchee	ahchee	PROPN
stem-8156	160	20	asmaa	asmaa	PROPN
stem-8156	160	21	the	the	DET
stem-8156	160	22	name	name	NOUN
stem-8156	160	23	escapes	escape	VERB
stem-8156	160	24	me	i	PRON
stem-8156	160	25	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	160	26	2.17	2.17	NUM
stem-8156	160	27	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	160	28	political	political	ADJ
stem-8156	160	29	discours	discour	NOUN
stem-8156	160	30	la	la	X
stem-8156	161	1	bas	bas	PROPN
stem-8156	161	2	bih	bih	PROPN
stem-8156	162	1	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	162	2	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	162	3	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ
stem-8156	162	4	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	162	5	4.35	4.35	NUM
stem-8156	162	6	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	162	7	video	video	NOUN
stem-8156	162	8	9	9	NUM
stem-8156	162	9	probability	probability	NOUN
stem-8156	162	10	mumkin	mumkin	NOUN
stem-8156	162	11	maybe	maybe	ADV
stem-8156	162	12	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	162	13	6.52	6.52	NUM
stem-8156	162	14	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	162	15	vague	vague	ADJ
stem-8156	162	16	expression	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	162	17	aetaqid	aetaqid	NOUN
stem-8156	162	18	think	think	VERB
stem-8156	162	19	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	162	20	2.17	2.17	NUM
stem-8156	162	21	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	162	22	probability	probability	NOUN
stem-8156	162	23	ahyana	ahyana	ADP
stem-8156	162	24	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
stem-8156	162	25	2	2	NUM
stem-8156	162	26	6.52	6.52	NUM
stem-8156	162	27	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	162	28	video	video	NOUN
stem-8156	163	1	10	10	NUM
stem-8156	163	2	probability	probability	NOUN
stem-8156	163	3	rubuma	rubuma	NOUN
stem-8156	163	4	maybe	maybe	ADV
stem-8156	163	5	4	4	NUM
stem-8156	163	6	30.43	30.43	NUM
stem-8156	163	7	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	163	8	probability	probability	NOUN
stem-8156	163	9	atasawuer	atasawuer	NOUN
stem-8156	164	1	i	i	PRON
stem-8156	164	2	think	think	VERB
stem-8156	164	3	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	164	4	2.17	2.17	NUM
stem-8156	164	5	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	164	6	video	video	NOUN
stem-8156	164	7	11	11	NUM
stem-8156	164	8	vague	vague	ADJ
stem-8156	164	9	expressions	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	165	1	insha'allah	insha'allah	PRON
stem-8156	165	2	i	i	PRON
stem-8156	165	3	hope	hope	VERB
stem-8156	165	4	5	5	NUM
stem-8156	165	5	38.46	38.46	NUM
stem-8156	165	6	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	165	7	according	accord	VERB
stem-8156	165	8	to	to	ADP
stem-8156	165	9	the	the	DET
stem-8156	165	10	results	result	NOUN
stem-8156	165	11	found	find	VERB
stem-8156	165	12	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	165	13	the	the	DET
stem-8156	165	14	table	table	NOUN
stem-8156	165	15	above	above	ADV
stem-8156	165	16	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	165	17	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	165	18	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	165	19	clear	clear	ADJ
stem-8156	165	20	that	that	SCONJ
stem-8156	165	21	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	165	22	people	people	NOUN
stem-8156	165	23	repeatedly	repeatedly	ADV
stem-8156	165	24	use	use	VERB
stem-8156	165	25	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	165	26	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	165	27	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	165	28	conversations	conversation	NOUN
stem-8156	165	29	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	165	30	facebook	facebook	NOUN
stem-8156	165	31	reels	reel	NOUN
stem-8156	165	32	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	166	1	the	the	PRON
stem-8156	166	2	most	most	ADV
stem-8156	166	3	broadly	broadly	ADV
stem-8156	166	4	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	166	5	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	166	6	217	217	NUM
stem-8156	166	7	american	american	ADJ
stem-8156	166	8	journal	journal	PROPN
stem-8156	166	9	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	166	10	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	166	11	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	166	12	literacy	literacy	NOUN
stem-8156	166	13	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	166	14	learning	learn	VERB
stem-8156	166	15	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	166	16	stem	stem	NOUN
stem-8156	166	17	education	education	NOUN
stem-8156	166	18	www	www	PROPN
stem-8156	166	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	167	1	grnjournal.us	grnjournal.us	X
stem-8156	167	2	word	word	NOUN
stem-8156	167	3	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	167	4	inshs'allah	inshs'allah	NOUN
stem-8156	167	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	167	6	which	which	PRON
stem-8156	167	7	belongs	belong	VERB
stem-8156	167	8	to	to	ADP
stem-8156	167	9	the	the	DET
stem-8156	167	10	type	type	NOUN
stem-8156	167	11	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	167	12	vague	vague	ADJ
stem-8156	167	13	expressions	expression	NOUN
stem-8156	167	14	with	with	ADP
stem-8156	167	15	a	a	DET
stem-8156	167	16	percentage	percentage	NOUN
stem-8156	167	17	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	167	18	38.46	38.46	NUM
stem-8156	167	19	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	167	20	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	168	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	168	2	second	second	ADJ
stem-8156	168	3	word	word	NOUN
stem-8156	168	4	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	168	5	rubama	rubama	NOUN
stem-8156	168	6	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	168	7	which	which	PRON
stem-8156	168	8	falls	fall	VERB
stem-8156	168	9	under	under	ADP
stem-8156	168	10	the	the	DET
stem-8156	168	11	type	type	NOUN
stem-8156	168	12	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	168	13	probability	probability	NOUN
stem-8156	168	14	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	168	15	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	168	16	the	the	DET
stem-8156	168	17	percentage	percentage	NOUN
stem-8156	168	18	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	168	19	30.43	30.43	NUM
stem-8156	168	20	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	168	21	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	168	22	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	169	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	169	2	third	third	ADJ
stem-8156	169	3	word	word	NOUN
stem-8156	169	4	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	169	5	aetaqid	aetaqid	PROPN
stem-8156	169	6	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	169	7	which	which	PRON
stem-8156	169	8	falls	fall	VERB
stem-8156	169	9	under	under	ADP
stem-8156	169	10	the	the	DET
stem-8156	169	11	type	type	NOUN
stem-8156	169	12	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	169	13	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
stem-8156	169	14	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	169	15	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	169	16	the	the	DET
stem-8156	169	17	percentage	percentage	NOUN
stem-8156	169	18	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	169	19	21.74	21.74	NUM
stem-8156	169	20	%	%	NOUN
stem-8156	169	21	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	169	22	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	170	1	other	other	ADJ
stem-8156	170	2	words	word	NOUN
stem-8156	170	3	were	be	AUX
stem-8156	170	4	mentioned	mention	VERB
stem-8156	170	5	a	a	DET
stem-8156	170	6	little	little	ADJ
stem-8156	170	7	but	but	CCONJ
stem-8156	170	8	are	be	AUX
stem-8156	170	9	still	still	ADV
stem-8156	170	10	used	use	VERB
stem-8156	170	11	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	170	12	such	such	ADJ
stem-8156	170	13	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	170	14	ma	ma	PROPN
stem-8156	170	15	adari	adari	PROPN
stem-8156	170	16	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	170	17	ma	ma	PROPN
stem-8156	170	18	aerif	aerif	PROPN
stem-8156	170	19	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	170	20	mali	mali	VERB
stem-8156	170	21	ealaqa	ealaqa	NOUN
stem-8156	170	22	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	170	23	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	170	24	mumkin	mumkin	ADJ
stem-8156	170	25	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	171	1	all	all	PRON
stem-8156	171	2	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	171	3	these	these	DET
stem-8156	171	4	words	word	NOUN
stem-8156	171	5	indicate	indicate	VERB
stem-8156	171	6	the	the	DET
stem-8156	171	7	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	171	8	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	171	9	the	the	DET
stem-8156	171	10	speech	speech	NOUN
stem-8156	171	11	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	172	1	these	these	DET
stem-8156	172	2	results	result	NOUN
stem-8156	172	3	show	show	VERB
stem-8156	172	4	that	that	SCONJ
stem-8156	172	5	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	172	6	people	people	NOUN
stem-8156	172	7	use	use	VERB
stem-8156	172	8	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	172	9	commonly	commonly	ADV
stem-8156	172	10	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	172	11	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	172	12	conversations	conversation	NOUN
stem-8156	172	13	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	172	14	facebook	facebook	NOUN
stem-8156	172	15	reels	reel	NOUN
stem-8156	172	16	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	172	17	which	which	PRON
stem-8156	172	18	supports	support	VERB
stem-8156	172	19	the	the	DET
stem-8156	172	20	validity	validity	NOUN
stem-8156	172	21	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	172	22	the	the	DET
stem-8156	172	23	first	first	ADJ
stem-8156	172	24	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
stem-8156	172	25	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	173	1	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	173	2	a	a	DET
stem-8156	173	3	result	result	NOUN
stem-8156	173	4	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	173	5	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	173	6	people	people	NOUN
stem-8156	173	7	use	use	VERB
stem-8156	173	8	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	173	9	commonly	commonly	ADV
stem-8156	173	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	173	11	which	which	PRON
stem-8156	173	12	makes	make	VERB
stem-8156	173	13	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	173	14	discourse	discourse	NOUN
stem-8156	173	15	more	more	ADV
stem-8156	173	16	flexible	flexible	ADJ
stem-8156	173	17	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	173	18	softer	soft	ADJ
stem-8156	173	19	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	173	20	polite	polite	ADJ
stem-8156	173	21	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	173	22	which	which	PRON
stem-8156	173	23	provides	provide	VERB
stem-8156	173	24	the	the	DET
stem-8156	173	25	second	second	ADJ
stem-8156	173	26	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
stem-8156	173	27	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	174	1	also	also	ADV
stem-8156	174	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	174	3	these	these	DET
stem-8156	174	4	results	result	NOUN
stem-8156	174	5	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
stem-8156	174	6	the	the	DET
stem-8156	174	7	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	174	8	effect	effect	NOUN
stem-8156	174	9	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	174	10	the	the	DET
stem-8156	174	11	speaker	speaker	NOUN
stem-8156	174	12	's	's	PART
stem-8156	174	13	culture	culture	NOUN
stem-8156	174	14	;	;	PUNCT
stem-8156	174	15	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	174	16	example	example	NOUN
stem-8156	174	17	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	174	18	the	the	DET
stem-8156	174	19	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	174	20	people	people	NOUN
stem-8156	174	21	use	use	VERB
stem-8156	174	22	the	the	DET
stem-8156	174	23	term	term	NOUN
stem-8156	174	24	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	174	25	bidun	bidun	PROPN
stem-8156	174	26	dhiker	dhiker	NOUN
stem-8156	174	27	isma'a	isma'a	NOUN
stem-8156	174	28	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	174	29	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	174	30	which	which	PRON
stem-8156	174	31	translates	translate	VERB
stem-8156	174	32	to	to	ADP
stem-8156	174	33	"	"	PUNCT
stem-8156	174	34	without	without	ADP
stem-8156	174	35	mentioning	mention	VERB
stem-8156	174	36	names	name	NOUN
stem-8156	174	37	"	"	PUNCT
stem-8156	174	38	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	174	39	while	while	SCONJ
stem-8156	174	40	other	other	ADJ
stem-8156	174	41	speakers	speaker	NOUN
stem-8156	174	42	do	do	VERB
stem-8156	174	43	n’t	n’t	NUM
stem-8156	174	44	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	174	45	which	which	PRON
stem-8156	174	46	supports	support	VERB
stem-8156	174	47	the	the	DET
stem-8156	174	48	third	third	ADJ
stem-8156	174	49	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
stem-8156	174	50	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	175	1	when	when	SCONJ
stem-8156	175	2	comparing	compare	VERB
stem-8156	175	3	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	175	4	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	175	5	english	english	PROPN
stem-8156	175	6	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	175	7	expressing	express	VERB
stem-8156	175	8	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	175	9	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	175	10	both	both	DET
stem-8156	175	11	languages	language	NOUN
stem-8156	175	12	use	use	VERB
stem-8156	175	13	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	175	14	to	to	PART
stem-8156	175	15	express	express	VERB
stem-8156	175	16	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	175	17	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	175	18	soften	soften	VERB
stem-8156	175	19	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	175	20	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	175	21	maintain	maintain	VERB
stem-8156	175	22	politeness	politeness	ADJ
stem-8156	175	23	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	175	24	prevent	prevent	VERB
stem-8156	175	25	conflict	conflict	NOUN
stem-8156	175	26	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	175	27	communication	communication	NOUN
stem-8156	175	28	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	175	29	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	175	30	keep	keep	VERB
stem-8156	175	31	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
stem-8156	175	32	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	175	33	conversation	conversation	NOUN
stem-8156	175	34	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	176	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	176	2	ways	way	NOUN
stem-8156	176	3	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	176	4	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	176	5	applied	apply	VERB
stem-8156	176	6	vary	vary	NOUN
stem-8156	176	7	between	between	ADP
stem-8156	176	8	the	the	DET
stem-8156	176	9	two	two	NUM
stem-8156	176	10	languages	language	NOUN
stem-8156	176	11	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	177	1	english	english	PROPN
stem-8156	177	2	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	177	3	dependent	dependent	ADJ
stem-8156	177	4	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	177	5	explicit	explicit	ADJ
stem-8156	177	6	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	177	7	markers	marker	NOUN
stem-8156	177	8	such	such	ADJ
stem-8156	177	9	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	177	10	might	might	AUX
stem-8156	177	11	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	177	12	could	could	AUX
stem-8156	177	13	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	177	14	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	177	15	maybe	maybe	ADV
stem-8156	177	16	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	177	17	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	177	18	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	177	19	seems	seem	VERB
stem-8156	177	20	to	to	PART
stem-8156	177	21	indicate	indicate	VERB
stem-8156	177	22	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
stem-8156	177	23	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	177	24	caution	caution	NOUN
stem-8156	177	25	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	178	1	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	178	2	communication	communication	NOUN
stem-8156	178	3	often	often	ADV
stem-8156	178	4	uses	use	VERB
stem-8156	178	5	rhetorical	rhetorical	ADJ
stem-8156	178	6	techniques	technique	NOUN
stem-8156	178	7	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	178	8	indirect	indirect	ADJ
stem-8156	178	9	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	178	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	178	11	according	accord	VERB
stem-8156	178	12	to	to	ADP
stem-8156	178	13	cultural	cultural	ADJ
stem-8156	178	14	expectations	expectation	NOUN
stem-8156	178	15	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	179	1	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	179	2	communication	communication	NOUN
stem-8156	179	3	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	179	4	primarily	primarily	ADV
stem-8156	179	5	indirect	indirect	ADJ
stem-8156	179	6	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	179	7	polite	polite	ADJ
stem-8156	179	8	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	179	9	while	while	SCONJ
stem-8156	179	10	english	english	ADJ
stem-8156	179	11	communication	communication	NOUN
stem-8156	179	12	tends	tend	VERB
stem-8156	179	13	towards	towards	ADP
stem-8156	179	14	directness	directness	NOUN
stem-8156	179	15	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	179	16	clarity	clarity	NOUN
stem-8156	179	17	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	180	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	180	2	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	180	3	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	180	4	does	do	AUX
stem-8156	180	5	n't	not	PART
stem-8156	180	6	have	have	VERB
stem-8156	180	7	a	a	DET
stem-8156	180	8	specific	specific	ADJ
stem-8156	180	9	grammar	grammar	NOUN
stem-8156	180	10	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	180	11	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	180	12	book	book	NOUN
stem-8156	180	13	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	180	14	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	180	15	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	180	16	also	also	ADV
stem-8156	180	17	uses	use	VERB
stem-8156	180	18	the	the	DET
stem-8156	180	19	word	word	NOUN
stem-8156	180	20	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	180	21	insha'allah	insha'allah	PROPN
stem-8156	180	22	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	180	23	a	a	DET
stem-8156	180	24	lot	lot	NOUN
stem-8156	180	25	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	180	26	while	while	SCONJ
stem-8156	180	27	the	the	DET
stem-8156	180	28	english	english	ADJ
stem-8156	180	29	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	180	30	does	do	AUX
stem-8156	180	31	n't	not	PART
stem-8156	180	32	use	use	VERB
stem-8156	180	33	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	180	34	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	181	1	5	5	X
stem-8156	181	2	.	.	X
stem-8156	181	3	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
stem-8156	181	4	this	this	DET
stem-8156	181	5	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	181	6	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
stem-8156	181	7	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
stem-8156	181	8	features	feature	NOUN
stem-8156	181	9	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	181	10	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
stem-8156	181	11	how	how	SCONJ
stem-8156	181	12	iraqis	iraqis	PROPN
stem-8156	181	13	employ	employ	VERB
stem-8156	181	14	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	181	15	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	181	16	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	181	17	communication	communication	NOUN
stem-8156	181	18	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	181	19	particularly	particularly	ADV
stem-8156	181	20	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	181	21	facebook	facebook	PROPN
stem-8156	181	22	videos	video	NOUN
stem-8156	181	23	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	182	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	182	2	findings	finding	NOUN
stem-8156	182	3	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	182	4	this	this	DET
stem-8156	182	5	research	research	NOUN
stem-8156	182	6	indicate	indicate	VERB
stem-8156	182	7	that	that	SCONJ
stem-8156	182	8	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	182	9	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	182	10	not	not	PART
stem-8156	182	11	just	just	ADV
stem-8156	182	12	a	a	DET
stem-8156	182	13	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	182	14	technique	technique	NOUN
stem-8156	182	15	but	but	CCONJ
stem-8156	182	16	also	also	ADV
stem-8156	182	17	a	a	DET
stem-8156	182	18	method	method	NOUN
stem-8156	182	19	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	182	20	reducing	reduce	VERB
stem-8156	182	21	the	the	DET
stem-8156	182	22	intensity	intensity	NOUN
stem-8156	182	23	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	182	24	assertions	assertion	NOUN
stem-8156	182	25	;	;	PUNCT
stem-8156	182	26	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	182	27	addition	addition	NOUN
stem-8156	182	28	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	182	29	it	it	PRON
stem-8156	182	30	has	have	VERB
stem-8156	182	31	a	a	DET
stem-8156	182	32	significant	significant	ADJ
stem-8156	182	33	role	role	NOUN
stem-8156	182	34	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	182	35	improving	improve	VERB
stem-8156	182	36	social	social	ADJ
stem-8156	182	37	interaction	interaction	NOUN
stem-8156	182	38	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	183	1	one	one	NUM
stem-8156	183	2	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	183	3	the	the	DET
stem-8156	183	4	most	most	ADV
stem-8156	183	5	important	important	ADJ
stem-8156	183	6	findings	finding	NOUN
stem-8156	183	7	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	183	8	this	this	DET
stem-8156	183	9	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	183	10	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	183	11	the	the	DET
stem-8156	183	12	spread	spread	NOUN
stem-8156	183	13	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	183	14	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	183	15	strategies	strategy	NOUN
stem-8156	183	16	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	184	1	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	184	2	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	184	3	facebook	facebook	NOUN
stem-8156	184	4	reels	reel	NOUN
stem-8156	184	5	has	have	AUX
stem-8156	184	6	shown	show	VERB
stem-8156	184	7	to	to	PART
stem-8156	184	8	be	be	AUX
stem-8156	184	9	a	a	DET
stem-8156	184	10	popular	popular	ADJ
stem-8156	184	11	way	way	NOUN
stem-8156	184	12	for	for	SCONJ
stem-8156	184	13	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	184	14	users	user	NOUN
stem-8156	184	15	to	to	PART
stem-8156	184	16	express	express	VERB
stem-8156	184	17	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	184	18	opinions	opinion	NOUN
stem-8156	184	19	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	184	20	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
stem-8156	184	21	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	184	22	especially	especially	ADV
stem-8156	184	23	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	184	24	controversial	controversial	ADJ
stem-8156	184	25	topics	topic	NOUN
stem-8156	184	26	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	185	1	this	this	DET
stem-8156	185	2	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	185	3	concludes	conclude	VERB
stem-8156	185	4	that	that	SCONJ
stem-8156	185	5	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	185	6	1	1	X
stem-8156	185	7	.	.	X
stem-8156	185	8	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	185	9	people	people	NOUN
stem-8156	185	10	use	use	VERB
stem-8156	185	11	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	185	12	commonly	commonly	ADV
stem-8156	185	13	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	185	14	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	185	15	conversations	conversation	NOUN
stem-8156	185	16	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	185	17	social	social	ADJ
stem-8156	185	18	media	medium	NOUN
stem-8156	185	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	186	1	2	2	X
stem-8156	186	2	.	.	X
stem-8156	186	3	the	the	DET
stem-8156	186	4	purpose	purpose	NOUN
stem-8156	186	5	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	186	6	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	186	7	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	186	8	to	to	PART
stem-8156	186	9	soften	soften	VERB
stem-8156	186	10	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	186	11	politely	politely	ADV
stem-8156	186	12	convey	convey	VERB
stem-8156	186	13	the	the	DET
stem-8156	186	14	message	message	NOUN
stem-8156	186	15	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	187	1	3	3	X
stem-8156	187	2	.	.	X
stem-8156	187	3	the	the	DET
stem-8156	187	4	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	187	5	people	people	NOUN
stem-8156	187	6	use	use	VERB
stem-8156	187	7	special	special	ADJ
stem-8156	187	8	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	187	9	words	word	NOUN
stem-8156	187	10	when	when	SCONJ
stem-8156	187	11	discussing	discuss	VERB
stem-8156	187	12	a	a	DET
stem-8156	187	13	controversial	controversial	ADJ
stem-8156	187	14	topic	topic	NOUN
stem-8156	187	15	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	188	1	4	4	NUM
stem-8156	188	2	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	188	3	according	accord	VERB
stem-8156	188	4	to	to	ADP
stem-8156	188	5	the	the	DET
stem-8156	188	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
stem-8156	188	7	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	188	8	the	the	DET
stem-8156	188	9	test	test	NOUN
stem-8156	188	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	188	11	the	the	DET
stem-8156	188	12	first	first	ADJ
stem-8156	188	13	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
stem-8156	188	14	that	that	PRON
stem-8156	188	15	says	say	VERB
stem-8156	188	16	"	"	PUNCT
stem-8156	188	17	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	188	18	people	people	NOUN
stem-8156	188	19	use	use	VERB
stem-8156	188	20	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	188	21	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	188	22	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	188	23	daily	daily	ADJ
stem-8156	188	24	conversations	conversation	NOUN
stem-8156	188	25	"	"	PUNCT
stem-8156	188	26	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	188	27	correct	correct	ADJ
stem-8156	188	28	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	189	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	189	2	second	second	ADJ
stem-8156	189	3	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
stem-8156	189	4	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	189	5	which	which	PRON
stem-8156	189	6	indicates	indicate	VERB
stem-8156	189	7	that	that	SCONJ
stem-8156	189	8	"	"	PUNCT
stem-8156	189	9	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	189	10	influences	influence	VERB
stem-8156	189	11	the	the	DET
stem-8156	189	12	speaker	speaker	NOUN
stem-8156	189	13	's	's	PART
stem-8156	189	14	speech	speech	NOUN
stem-8156	189	15	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	189	16	social	social	ADJ
stem-8156	189	17	media	medium	NOUN
stem-8156	189	18	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	189	19	"	"	PUNCT
stem-8156	189	20	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	189	21	also	also	ADV
stem-8156	189	22	correct	correct	ADJ
stem-8156	189	23	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	190	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	190	2	third	third	ADJ
stem-8156	190	3	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
stem-8156	190	4	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	190	5	asserting	assert	VERB
stem-8156	190	6	that	that	SCONJ
stem-8156	190	7	the	the	DET
stem-8156	190	8	speakers	speaker	NOUN
stem-8156	190	9	'	'	PART
stem-8156	190	10	cultural	cultural	ADJ
stem-8156	190	11	backgrounds	background	NOUN
stem-8156	190	12	influence	influence	PROPN
stem-8156	190	13	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	190	14	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	190	15	is	be	AUX
stem-8156	190	16	correct	correct	ADJ
stem-8156	190	17	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	191	1	after	after	ADP
stem-8156	191	2	carefully	carefully	ADV
stem-8156	191	3	testing	test	VERB
stem-8156	191	4	all	all	DET
stem-8156	191	5	hypotheses	hypothesis	NOUN
stem-8156	191	6	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	191	7	confirming	confirm	VERB
stem-8156	191	8	their	their	PRON
stem-8156	191	9	validity	validity	NOUN
stem-8156	191	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	191	11	we	we	PRON
stem-8156	191	12	can	can	AUX
stem-8156	191	13	conclude	conclude	VERB
stem-8156	191	14	that	that	SCONJ
stem-8156	191	15	the	the	DET
stem-8156	191	16	results	result	NOUN
stem-8156	191	17	strongly	strongly	ADV
stem-8156	191	18	support	support	VERB
stem-8156	191	19	the	the	DET
stem-8156	191	20	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
stem-8156	191	21	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	191	22	the	the	DET
stem-8156	191	23	proposed	propose	VERB
stem-8156	191	24	ideas	idea	NOUN
stem-8156	191	25	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	192	1	according	accord	VERB
stem-8156	192	2	to	to	ADP
stem-8156	192	3	the	the	DET
stem-8156	192	4	present	present	ADJ
stem-8156	192	5	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	192	6	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	192	7	the	the	DET
stem-8156	192	8	researcher	researcher	NOUN
stem-8156	192	9	suggests	suggest	VERB
stem-8156	192	10	expanding	expand	VERB
stem-8156	192	11	the	the	DET
stem-8156	192	12	scope	scope	NOUN
stem-8156	192	13	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	192	14	the	the	DET
stem-8156	192	15	research	research	NOUN
stem-8156	192	16	to	to	PART
stem-8156	192	17	include	include	VERB
stem-8156	192	18	other	other	ADJ
stem-8156	192	19	social	social	ADJ
stem-8156	192	20	media	medium	NOUN
stem-8156	192	21	platforms	platform	NOUN
stem-8156	192	22	such	such	ADJ
stem-8156	192	23	as	as	ADP
stem-8156	192	24	tiktok	tiktok	NOUN
stem-8156	192	25	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	192	26	instagram	instagram	PROPN
stem-8156	192	27	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	192	28	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	192	29	youtube	youtube	NOUN
stem-8156	192	30	shorts	short	NOUN
stem-8156	192	31	to	to	PART
stem-8156	192	32	investigate	investigate	VERB
stem-8156	192	33	if	if	SCONJ
stem-8156	192	34	the	the	DET
stem-8156	192	35	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	192	36	changes	change	NOUN
stem-8156	192	37	based	base	VERB
stem-8156	192	38	on	on	ADP
stem-8156	192	39	the	the	DET
stem-8156	192	40	nature	nature	NOUN
stem-8156	192	41	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	192	42	the	the	DET
stem-8156	192	43	platform	platform	NOUN
stem-8156	192	44	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	192	45	the	the	DET
stem-8156	192	46	target	target	NOUN
stem-8156	192	47	audience	audience	NOUN
stem-8156	192	48	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	192	49	also	also	ADV
stem-8156	192	50	recommends	recommend	VERB
stem-8156	192	51	conducting	conduct	VERB
stem-8156	192	52	a	a	DET
stem-8156	192	53	detailed	detailed	ADJ
stem-8156	192	54	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	192	55	to	to	PART
stem-8156	192	56	find	find	VERB
stem-8156	192	57	out	out	ADP
stem-8156	192	58	who	who	PRON
stem-8156	192	59	uses	use	VERB
stem-8156	192	60	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	192	61	more	more	ADJ
stem-8156	192	62	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	192	63	men	man	NOUN
stem-8156	192	64	or	or	CCONJ
stem-8156	192	65	women	woman	NOUN
stem-8156	192	66	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	193	1	future	future	ADJ
stem-8156	193	2	studies	study	NOUN
stem-8156	193	3	can	can	AUX
stem-8156	193	4	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
stem-8156	193	5	the	the	DET
stem-8156	193	6	comparison	comparison	NOUN
stem-8156	193	7	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	193	8	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	193	9	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	193	10	iraq	iraq	PROPN
stem-8156	193	11	to	to	ADP
stem-8156	193	12	other	other	ADJ
stem-8156	193	13	arab	arab	ADJ
stem-8156	193	14	countries	country	NOUN
stem-8156	193	15	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	194	1	these	these	DET
stem-8156	194	2	suggestions	suggestion	NOUN
stem-8156	194	3	help	help	VERB
stem-8156	194	4	guide	guide	VERB
stem-8156	194	5	new	new	ADJ
stem-8156	194	6	studies	study	NOUN
stem-8156	194	7	toward	toward	ADP
stem-8156	194	8	new	new	ADJ
stem-8156	194	9	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
stem-8156	194	10	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	194	11	the	the	DET
stem-8156	194	12	practical	practical	ADJ
stem-8156	194	13	utility	utility	NOUN
stem-8156	194	14	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	194	15	research	research	NOUN
stem-8156	194	16	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	194	17	various	various	ADJ
stem-8156	194	18	fields	field	NOUN
stem-8156	194	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	195	1	references	reference	NOUN
stem-8156	195	2	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	195	3	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	195	4	al	al	PROPN
stem-8156	195	5	salami	salami	PROPN
stem-8156	195	6	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	195	7	a.	a.	PROPN
stem-8156	195	8	n.	n.	PROPN
stem-8156	195	9	r.	r.	PROPN
stem-8156	195	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	195	11	&	&	CCONJ
stem-8156	195	12	abdul	abdul	PROPN
stem-8156	195	13	raheem	raheem	PROPN
stem-8156	195	14	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	195	15	s.	s.	PROPN
stem-8156	195	16	m.	m.	PROPN
stem-8156	195	17	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	195	18	2021	2021	NUM
stem-8156	195	19	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	195	20	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	196	1	a	a	DET
stem-8156	196	2	socio	socio	NOUN
stem-8156	196	3	-	-	PUNCT
stem-8156	196	4	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
stem-8156	196	5	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	196	6	hedging	hedging	NOUN
stem-8156	196	7	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	196	8	iraqi	iraqi	ADJ
stem-8156	196	9	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	196	10	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	197	1	psychology	psychology	NOUN
stem-8156	197	2	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	197	3	education	education	NOUN
stem-8156	197	4	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	197	5	58(1	58(1	NUM
stem-8156	197	6	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	197	7	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	197	8	3599–3605	3599–3605	NUM
stem-8156	197	9	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	197	10	https://www.psychologyandeducation.net	https://www.psychologyandeducation.net	PROPN
stem-8156	198	1	2	2	X
stem-8156	198	2	.	.	X
stem-8156	198	3	austin	austin	PROPN
stem-8156	198	4	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	198	5	j.	j.	PROPN
stem-8156	198	6	l.	l.	PROPN
stem-8156	198	7	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	198	8	1965	1965	NUM
stem-8156	198	9	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	198	10	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	199	1	how	how	SCONJ
stem-8156	199	2	to	to	PART
stem-8156	199	3	do	do	VERB
stem-8156	199	4	things	thing	NOUN
stem-8156	199	5	with	with	ADP
stem-8156	199	6	words	word	NOUN
stem-8156	199	7	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	200	1	harvard	harvard	PROPN
stem-8156	200	2	university	university	PROPN
stem-8156	200	3	press	press	NOUN
stem-8156	200	4	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	201	1	218	218	NUM
stem-8156	201	2	american	american	ADJ
stem-8156	201	3	journal	journal	PROPN
stem-8156	201	4	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	201	5	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	201	6	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	201	7	literacy	literacy	NOUN
stem-8156	201	8	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	201	9	learning	learn	VERB
stem-8156	201	10	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	201	11	stem	stem	NOUN
stem-8156	201	12	education	education	NOUN
stem-8156	201	13	www	www	PROPN
stem-8156	201	14	.	.	PROPN
stem-8156	202	1	grnjournal.us	grnjournal.us	X
stem-8156	202	2	3	3	X
stem-8156	202	3	.	.	NOUN
stem-8156	202	4	brown	brown	PROPN
stem-8156	202	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	202	6	p.	p.	PROPN
stem-8156	202	7	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	202	8	&	&	CCONJ
stem-8156	202	9	levinson	levinson	PROPN
stem-8156	202	10	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	202	11	s.	s.	PROPN
stem-8156	202	12	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	202	13	1978	1978	NUM
stem-8156	202	14	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	202	15	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	203	1	universals	universal	NOUN
stem-8156	203	2	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	203	3	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	203	4	usage	usage	NOUN
stem-8156	203	5	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	203	6	politeness	politeness	ADJ
stem-8156	203	7	phenomena	phenomenon	NOUN
stem-8156	203	8	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	204	1	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	204	2	e.	e.	PROPN
stem-8156	204	3	goody	goody	PROPN
stem-8156	204	4	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	204	5	ed	ed	NOUN
stem-8156	204	6	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	204	7	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	204	8	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	204	9	questions	question	NOUN
stem-8156	204	10	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	204	11	politeness	politeness	ADJ
stem-8156	204	12	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	204	13	strategies	strategy	NOUN
stem-8156	204	14	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	204	15	social	social	ADJ
stem-8156	204	16	interaction	interaction	NOUN
stem-8156	204	17	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	204	18	pp	pp	ADJ
stem-8156	204	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	204	20	56	56	NUM
stem-8156	204	21	-	-	SYM
stem-8156	204	22	310	310	NUM
stem-8156	204	23	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	204	24	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	205	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
stem-8156	205	2	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	205	3	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
stem-8156	205	4	university	university	PROPN
stem-8156	205	5	press	press	NOUN
stem-8156	205	6	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	206	1	4	4	X
stem-8156	206	2	.	.	X
stem-8156	206	3	crompton	crompton	PROPN
stem-8156	206	4	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	206	5	p.	p.	PROPN
stem-8156	206	6	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	206	7	1997	1997	NUM
stem-8156	206	8	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	206	9	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	207	1	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	207	2	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	207	3	academic	academic	ADJ
stem-8156	207	4	writing	writing	NOUN
stem-8156	207	5	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	207	6	some	some	DET
stem-8156	207	7	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
stem-8156	207	8	problems	problem	NOUN
stem-8156	207	9	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	208	1	english	english	PROPN
stem-8156	208	2	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	208	3	specific	specific	ADJ
stem-8156	208	4	purposes	purpose	NOUN
stem-8156	208	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	208	6	16(4	16(4	NUM
stem-8156	208	7	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	208	8	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	208	9	271–287	271–287	NUM
stem-8156	208	10	https://doi.org/10.1016/s0889-4906(97)00007-0	https://doi.org/10.1016/s0889-4906(97)00007-0	NOUN
stem-8156	208	11	5	5	NUM
stem-8156	208	12	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	208	13	el	el	NOUN
stem-8156	208	14	-	-	ADJ
stem-8156	208	15	seidi	seidi	PROPN
stem-8156	208	16	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	208	17	m	m	PROPN
stem-8156	208	18	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	208	19	2000	2000	NUM
stem-8156	208	20	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	208	21	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	209	1	metadiscourse	metadiscourse	ADJ
stem-8156	209	2	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	209	3	english	english	PROPN
stem-8156	209	4	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	209	5	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	209	6	argumentative	argumentative	ADJ
stem-8156	209	7	writing	writing	NOUN
stem-8156	209	8	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	210	1	diversity	diversity	NOUN
stem-8156	210	2	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	210	3	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	210	4	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	210	5	contrastive	contrastive	ADJ
stem-8156	210	6	studies	study	NOUN
stem-8156	210	7	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	210	8	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	210	9	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	210	10	english	english	ADJ
stem-8156	210	11	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
stem-8156	210	12	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	210	13	applied	apply	VERB
stem-8156	210	14	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
stem-8156	210	15	american	american	PROPN
stem-8156	210	16	univ	univ	PROPN
stem-8156	210	17	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	210	18	cairo	cairo	PROPN
stem-8156	210	19	press	press	PROPN
stem-8156	210	20	6	6	NUM
stem-8156	210	21	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	211	1	fraser	fraser	PROPN
stem-8156	211	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	211	3	b.	b.	PROPN
stem-8156	211	4	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	211	5	1975	1975	NUM
stem-8156	211	6	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	211	7	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	212	1	hedged	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	212	2	performatives	performative	NOUN
stem-8156	212	3	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	213	1	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	213	2	p.	p.	PROPN
stem-8156	213	3	cole	cole	PROPN
stem-8156	213	4	&	&	CCONJ
stem-8156	213	5	j.	j.	PROPN
stem-8156	213	6	l.	l.	PROPN
stem-8156	213	7	morgan	morgan	PROPN
stem-8156	213	8	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	213	9	eds	eds	PROPN
stem-8156	213	10	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	213	11	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	213	12	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	213	13	speech	speech	NOUN
stem-8156	213	14	acts	act	VERB
stem-8156	213	15	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	213	16	pp	pp	ADJ
stem-8156	213	17	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	214	1	187	187	NUM
stem-8156	214	2	–	–	SYM
stem-8156	214	3	210	210	NUM
stem-8156	214	4	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	214	5	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	215	1	academic	academic	ADJ
stem-8156	215	2	press	press	NOUN
stem-8156	215	3	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	216	1	7	7	X
stem-8156	216	2	.	.	X
stem-8156	216	3	fraser	fraser	PROPN
stem-8156	216	4	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	216	5	b.	b.	PROPN
stem-8156	216	6	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	216	7	2010	2010	NUM
stem-8156	216	8	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	216	9	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	217	1	chapter	chapter	NOUN
stem-8156	217	2	11	11	NUM
stem-8156	217	3	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	218	1	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	218	2	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	218	3	political	political	ADJ
stem-8156	218	4	discourse	discourse	NOUN
stem-8156	218	5	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	218	6	the	the	DET
stem-8156	218	7	bush	bush	PROPN
stem-8156	218	8	2007	2007	NUM
stem-8156	218	9	press	press	NOUN
stem-8156	218	10	conferences	conference	NOUN
stem-8156	218	11	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	219	1	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	219	2	u.	u.	PROPN
stem-8156	219	3	okulska	okulska	PROPN
stem-8156	219	4	&	&	CCONJ
stem-8156	219	5	p.	p.	PROPN
stem-8156	219	6	cap	cap	PROPN
stem-8156	219	7	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	219	8	eds	ed	NOUN
stem-8156	219	9	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	219	10	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	219	11	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	219	12	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
stem-8156	219	13	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	219	14	politics	politic	NOUN
stem-8156	219	15	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	219	16	discourse	discourse	NOUN
stem-8156	219	17	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	219	18	pp	pp	ADJ
stem-8156	219	19	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	220	1	201–214	201–214	NUM
stem-8156	220	2	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	220	3	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	221	1	john	john	PROPN
stem-8156	221	2	benjamins	benjamins	PROPN
stem-8156	221	3	publishing	publishing	PROPN
stem-8156	221	4	company	company	NOUN
stem-8156	221	5	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	222	1	https://doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.36.16fra	https://doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.36.16fra	PROPN
stem-8156	222	2	8	8	NUM
stem-8156	222	3	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	222	4	gezegin	gezegin	PROPN
stem-8156	222	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	222	6	b.	b.	PROPN
stem-8156	222	7	b.	b.	PROPN
stem-8156	222	8	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	222	9	2020	2020	NUM
stem-8156	222	10	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	222	11	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	223	1	metadiscourse	metadiscourse	ADJ
stem-8156	223	2	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	223	3	academic	academic	ADJ
stem-8156	223	4	writing	writing	NOUN
stem-8156	223	5	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	223	6	a	a	DET
stem-8156	223	7	comparison	comparison	NOUN
stem-8156	223	8	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	223	9	research	research	NOUN
stem-8156	223	10	articles	article	NOUN
stem-8156	223	11	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	223	12	book	book	NOUN
stem-8156	223	13	reviews	review	NOUN
stem-8156	223	14	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	224	1	eurasian	eurasian	ADJ
stem-8156	224	2	journal	journal	PROPN
stem-8156	224	3	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	224	4	applied	applied	ADJ
stem-8156	224	5	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
stem-8156	224	6	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	224	7	6(1	6(1	NUM
stem-8156	224	8	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	224	9	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	224	10	45–62	45–62	NUM
stem-8156	224	11	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	225	1	https://doi.org/10.32601/ejal.710204	https://doi.org/10.32601/ejal.710204	NOUN
stem-8156	225	2	9	9	NUM
stem-8156	225	3	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	225	4	holmes	holmes	PROPN
stem-8156	225	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	225	6	j.	j.	PROPN
stem-8156	225	7	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	225	8	1988	1988	NUM
stem-8156	225	9	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	225	10	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	226	1	doubt	doubt	NOUN
stem-8156	226	2	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	226	3	certainty	certainty	NOUN
stem-8156	226	4	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	226	5	esl	esl	PROPN
stem-8156	226	6	textbooks	textbook	NOUN
stem-8156	226	7	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	227	1	applied	apply	VERB
stem-8156	227	2	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
stem-8156	227	3	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	227	4	9(1	9(1	NUM
stem-8156	227	5	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	227	6	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	227	7	21–44	21–44	NUM
stem-8156	227	8	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	228	1	https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/9.1.21	https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/9.1.21	PROPN
stem-8156	228	2	10	10	NUM
stem-8156	228	3	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	229	1	holmes	holmes	PROPN
stem-8156	229	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	229	3	j.	j.	PROPN
stem-8156	229	4	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	229	5	2013	2013	NUM
stem-8156	229	6	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	229	7	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	230	1	women	woman	NOUN
stem-8156	230	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	230	3	men	man	NOUN
stem-8156	230	4	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	230	5	politeness	politeness	NOUN
stem-8156	230	6	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	231	1	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	231	2	routledge	routledge	PROPN
stem-8156	231	3	ebooks	ebook	NOUN
stem-8156	231	4	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	232	1	https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315845722	https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315845722	NOUN
stem-8156	232	2	11	11	NUM
stem-8156	232	3	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	233	1	horn	horn	PROPN
stem-8156	233	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	233	3	l.	l.	PROPN
stem-8156	233	4	r.	r.	PROPN
stem-8156	233	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	233	6	&	&	CCONJ
stem-8156	233	7	ward	ward	PROPN
stem-8156	233	8	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	233	9	g.	g.	PROPN
stem-8156	233	10	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	233	11	eds	eds	PROPN
stem-8156	233	12	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	233	13	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	233	14	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	234	1	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	234	2	2005	2005	NUM
stem-8156	234	3	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	234	4	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	235	1	pragmatics	pragmatic	NOUN
stem-8156	235	2	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	236	1	blackwell	blackwell	PROPN
stem-8156	236	2	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	237	1	12	12	NUM
stem-8156	237	2	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	237	3	hyland	hyland	PROPN
stem-8156	237	4	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	237	5	k.	k.	PROPN
stem-8156	237	6	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	237	7	1998	1998	NUM
stem-8156	237	8	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	237	9	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	238	1	hedging	hedge	VERB
stem-8156	238	2	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	238	3	scientific	scientific	ADJ
stem-8156	238	4	research	research	NOUN
stem-8156	238	5	articles	article	NOUN
stem-8156	238	6	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	239	1	john	john	PROPN
stem-8156	239	2	benjamins	benjamins	PROPN
stem-8156	239	3	publishing	publishing	PROPN
stem-8156	239	4	company	company	NOUN
stem-8156	239	5	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	240	1	https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.54	https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.54	X
stem-8156	241	1	13	13	NUM
stem-8156	241	2	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	241	3	hyland	hyland	PROPN
stem-8156	241	4	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	241	5	k.	k.	PROPN
stem-8156	241	6	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	241	7	2005	2005	NUM
stem-8156	241	8	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	241	9	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	242	1	stance	stance	NOUN
stem-8156	242	2	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	242	3	engagement	engagement	NOUN
stem-8156	242	4	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	242	5	a	a	DET
stem-8156	242	6	model	model	NOUN
stem-8156	242	7	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	242	8	interaction	interaction	NOUN
stem-8156	242	9	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	242	10	academic	academic	ADJ
stem-8156	242	11	discourse	discourse	NOUN
stem-8156	242	12	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	243	1	discourse	discourse	NOUN
stem-8156	243	2	studies	study	NOUN
stem-8156	243	3	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	243	4	7(2	7(2	NUM
stem-8156	243	5	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	243	6	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	243	7	173–192	173–192	NUM
stem-8156	243	8	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	243	9	https://doi.org/10.1177/1461445605050365	https://doi.org/10.1177/1461445605050365	NOUN
stem-8156	244	1	14	14	NUM
stem-8156	244	2	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	245	1	hyland	hyland	PROPN
stem-8156	245	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	245	3	k.	k.	PROPN
stem-8156	245	4	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	245	5	2018	2018	NUM
stem-8156	245	6	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	245	7	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	246	1	metadiscourse	metadiscourse	ADV
stem-8156	246	2	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	246	3	exploring	explore	VERB
stem-8156	246	4	interaction	interaction	NOUN
stem-8156	246	5	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	246	6	writing	writing	NOUN
stem-8156	246	7	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	246	8	2nd	2nd	ADJ
stem-8156	246	9	ed	ed	NOUN
stem-8156	246	10	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	246	11	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	246	12	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	247	1	bloomsbury	bloomsbury	NOUN
stem-8156	247	2	academic	academic	NOUN
stem-8156	247	3	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	248	1	https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350063617	https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350063617	NOUN
stem-8156	248	2	15	15	NUM
stem-8156	248	3	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	248	4	lakoff	lakoff	PROPN
stem-8156	248	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	248	6	g.	g.	PROPN
stem-8156	248	7	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	248	8	1972	1972	NUM
stem-8156	248	9	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	248	10	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	249	1	hedges	hedge	NOUN
stem-8156	249	2	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	249	3	a	a	DET
stem-8156	249	4	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	249	5	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	249	6	meaning	mean	VERB
stem-8156	249	7	criteria	criterion	NOUN
stem-8156	249	8	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	249	9	the	the	DET
stem-8156	249	10	logic	logic	NOUN
stem-8156	249	11	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	249	12	fuzzy	fuzzy	ADJ
stem-8156	249	13	concepts	concept	NOUN
stem-8156	249	14	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	250	1	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	250	2	papers	paper	NOUN
stem-8156	250	3	from	from	ADP
stem-8156	250	4	the	the	DET
stem-8156	250	5	eighth	eighth	ADJ
stem-8156	250	6	regional	regional	ADJ
stem-8156	250	7	meeting	meeting	NOUN
stem-8156	250	8	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	250	9	the	the	DET
stem-8156	250	10	chicago	chicago	PROPN
stem-8156	250	11	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	250	12	society	society	NOUN
stem-8156	250	13	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	250	14	p.	p.	NOUN
stem-8156	250	15	195	195	NUM
stem-8156	250	16	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	250	17	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	251	1	chicago	chicago	PROPN
stem-8156	251	2	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
stem-8156	251	3	society	society	NOUN
stem-8156	251	4	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	252	1	16	16	NUM
stem-8156	252	2	.	.	X
stem-8156	252	3	lakoff	lakoff	PROPN
stem-8156	252	4	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	252	5	g.	g.	PROPN
stem-8156	252	6	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	252	7	1973	1973	NUM
stem-8156	252	8	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	252	9	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	253	1	hedges	hedge	NOUN
stem-8156	253	2	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	253	3	a	a	DET
stem-8156	253	4	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	253	5	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	253	6	meaning	mean	VERB
stem-8156	253	7	criteria	criterion	NOUN
stem-8156	253	8	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	253	9	the	the	DET
stem-8156	253	10	logic	logic	NOUN
stem-8156	253	11	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	253	12	fuzzy	fuzzy	ADJ
stem-8156	253	13	concepts	concept	NOUN
stem-8156	253	14	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	254	1	journal	journal	NOUN
stem-8156	254	2	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	254	3	philosophical	philosophical	ADJ
stem-8156	254	4	logic	logic	NOUN
stem-8156	254	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	254	6	2(4	2(4	NUM
stem-8156	254	7	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	254	8	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	255	1	https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00262952	https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00262952	NOUN
stem-8156	255	2	17	17	NUM
stem-8156	255	3	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	256	1	leech	leech	NOUN
stem-8156	256	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	256	3	g.	g.	PROPN
stem-8156	256	4	n.	n.	PROPN
stem-8156	256	5	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	256	6	1983b	1983b	NUM
stem-8156	256	7	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	256	8	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	257	1	principles	principle	NOUN
stem-8156	257	2	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	257	3	pragmatics	pragmatic	NOUN
stem-8156	257	4	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	258	1	http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/ba0026722x	http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/ba0026722x	PROPN
stem-8156	258	2	18	18	NUM
stem-8156	258	3	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	259	1	levinson	levinson	PROPN
stem-8156	259	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	259	3	s.	s.	PROPN
stem-8156	259	4	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	259	5	1983	1983	NUM
stem-8156	259	6	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	259	7	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	260	1	pragmatics.https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511813313	pragmatics.https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511813313	PROPN
stem-8156	260	2	19	19	NUM
stem-8156	260	3	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	261	1	mey	mey	PROPN
stem-8156	261	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	261	3	j.	j.	PROPN
stem-8156	261	4	l.	l.	PROPN
stem-8156	261	5	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	261	6	1995	1995	NUM
stem-8156	261	7	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	261	8	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	262	1	meaning	mean	VERB
stem-8156	262	2	interaction	interaction	NOUN
stem-8156	262	3	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	262	4	an	an	DET
stem-8156	262	5	introduction	introduction	NOUN
stem-8156	262	6	to	to	ADP
stem-8156	262	7	pragmatics	pragmatic	NOUN
stem-8156	262	8	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	263	1	blackwell	blackwell	PROPN
stem-8156	263	2	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	264	1	20	20	NUM
stem-8156	264	2	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	265	1	nasir	nasir	PROPN
stem-8156	265	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	265	3	a.	a.	NOUN
stem-8156	265	4	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	265	5	2018	2018	NUM
stem-8156	265	6	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	265	7	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	266	1	hedges	hedge	NOUN
stem-8156	266	2	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	266	3	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	266	4	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	266	5	that	that	PRON
stem-8156	266	6	occurred	occur	VERB
stem-8156	266	7	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	266	8	daily	daily	ADJ
stem-8156	266	9	conversation	conversation	NOUN
stem-8156	266	10	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	266	11	family	family	NOUN
stem-8156	266	12	domain	domain	NOUN
stem-8156	266	13	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	267	1	journal	journal	NOUN
stem-8156	267	2	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	267	3	english	english	PROPN
stem-8156	267	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
stem-8156	267	5	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	267	6	learning	learn	VERB
stem-8156	267	7	issues	issue	NOUN
stem-8156	267	8	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	267	9	1(2	1(2	NUM
stem-8156	267	10	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	267	11	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	268	1	https://doi.org/10.21043/jetli.v1i2.5088	https://doi.org/10.21043/jetli.v1i2.5088	PROPN
stem-8156	269	1	21	21	NUM
stem-8156	269	2	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	270	1	prince	prince	PROPN
stem-8156	270	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	270	3	e.	e.	PROPN
stem-8156	270	4	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	270	5	frader	frader	PROPN
stem-8156	270	6	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	270	7	j.	j.	PROPN
stem-8156	270	8	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	270	9	&	&	CCONJ
stem-8156	270	10	bosk	bosk	PROPN
stem-8156	270	11	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	270	12	c.	c.	NOUN
stem-8156	270	13	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	270	14	1982	1982	NUM
stem-8156	270	15	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	270	16	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	271	1	"	"	PUNCT
stem-8156	271	2	probably	probably	ADV
stem-8156	271	3	true	true	ADJ
stem-8156	271	4	"	"	PUNCT
stem-8156	271	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	271	6	says	say	VERB
stem-8156	271	7	the	the	DET
stem-8156	271	8	expert	expert	NOUN
stem-8156	271	9	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	271	10	how	how	SCONJ
stem-8156	271	11	two	two	NUM
stem-8156	271	12	types	type	NOUN
stem-8156	271	13	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	271	14	lexical	lexical	ADJ
stem-8156	271	15	hedges	hedge	NOUN
stem-8156	271	16	affect	affect	VERB
stem-8156	271	17	the	the	DET
stem-8156	271	18	perceived	perceive	VERB
stem-8156	271	19	credibility	credibility	NOUN
stem-8156	271	20	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	271	21	medical	medical	ADJ
stem-8156	271	22	experts	expert	NOUN
stem-8156	271	23	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	272	1	journal	journal	NOUN
stem-8156	272	2	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	272	3	communication	communication	NOUN
stem-8156	272	4	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	272	5	32(4	32(4	NUM
stem-8156	272	6	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	272	7	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	273	1	99–109	99–109	NUM
stem-8156	273	2	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	274	1	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1982.tb00783.x./	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1982.tb00783.x./	PROPN
stem-8156	274	2	22	22	NUM
stem-8156	274	3	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	275	1	taqi	taqi	PROPN
stem-8156	275	2	jumanah	jumanah	PROPN
stem-8156	275	3	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	275	4	j.	j.	PROPN
stem-8156	275	5	s.	s.	PROPN
stem-8156	275	6	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	275	7	2021	2021	NUM
stem-8156	275	8	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	275	9	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	276	1	hedges	hedge	NOUN
stem-8156	276	2	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	276	3	english	english	PROPN
stem-8156	276	4	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	276	5	arabic	arabic	ADJ
stem-8156	276	6	:	:	PUNCT
stem-8156	276	7	a	a	DET
stem-8156	276	8	contrastive	contrastive	ADJ
stem-8156	276	9	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	276	10	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	277	1	journal	journal	NOUN
stem-8156	277	2	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	277	3	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	277	4	studies	study	NOUN
stem-8156	277	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	277	6	7(2	7(2	NUM
stem-8156	277	7	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	277	8	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	277	9	1	1	NUM
stem-8156	277	10	-	-	SYM
stem-8156	277	11	15	15	NUM
stem-8156	277	12	.	.	NOUN
stem-8156	277	13	23	23	NUM
stem-8156	277	14	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	278	1	vassileva	vassileva	PROPN
stem-8156	278	2	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	278	3	i.	i.	PROPN
stem-8156	278	4	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	278	5	2001	2001	NUM
stem-8156	278	6	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	278	7	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	279	1	commitment	commitment	NOUN
stem-8156	279	2	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	279	3	detachment	detachment	NOUN
stem-8156	279	4	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	279	5	english	english	PROPN
stem-8156	279	6	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	279	7	bulgarian	bulgarian	ADJ
stem-8156	279	8	academic	academic	ADJ
stem-8156	279	9	writing	writing	NOUN
stem-8156	279	10	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	280	1	english	english	PROPN
stem-8156	280	2	for	for	ADP
stem-8156	280	3	specific	specific	ADJ
stem-8156	280	4	purposes	purpose	NOUN
stem-8156	280	5	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	280	6	20(1	20(1	NUM
stem-8156	280	7	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	280	8	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	280	9	83	83	NUM
stem-8156	280	10	-	-	SYM
stem-8156	280	11	102	102	NUM
stem-8156	280	12	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	281	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/s0889https://doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.36.16fra	https://doi.org/10.1016/s0889https://doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.36.16fra	PROPN
stem-8156	281	2	https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/9.1.21	https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/9.1.21	PROPN
stem-8156	281	3	https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315845722	https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315845722	NOUN
stem-8156	281	4	https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.54	https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.54	PRON
stem-8156	281	5	https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00262952	https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00262952	NOUN
stem-8156	281	6	http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/ba0026722x	http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/ba0026722x	NOUN
stem-8156	281	7	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1982.tb00783.x./	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1982.tb00783.x./	NOUN
stem-8156	281	8	219	219	NUM
stem-8156	281	9	american	american	ADJ
stem-8156	281	10	journal	journal	NOUN
stem-8156	281	11	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	281	12	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	281	13	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	281	14	literacy	literacy	NOUN
stem-8156	281	15	and	and	CCONJ
stem-8156	281	16	learning	learn	VERB
stem-8156	281	17	in	in	ADP
stem-8156	281	18	stem	stem	NOUN
stem-8156	281	19	education	education	NOUN
stem-8156	281	20	www	www	PROPN
stem-8156	281	21	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	282	1	grnjournal.us	grnjournal.us	X
stem-8156	282	2	4906(99)00029	4906(99)00029	PROPN
stem-8156	282	3	-	-	PUNCT
stem-8156	282	4	0	0	NUM
stem-8156	282	5	.	.	NUM
stem-8156	283	1	24	24	NUM
stem-8156	283	2	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	283	3	yule	yule	PROPN
stem-8156	283	4	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	283	5	g.	g.	PROPN
stem-8156	283	6	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	283	7	2010	2010	NUM
stem-8156	283	8	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	283	9	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	284	1	the	the	DET
stem-8156	284	2	study	study	NOUN
stem-8156	284	3	of	of	ADP
stem-8156	284	4	language	language	NOUN
stem-8156	284	5	(	(	PUNCT
stem-8156	284	6	4th	4th	ADJ
stem-8156	284	7	ed	ed	NOUN
stem-8156	284	8	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	284	9	,	,	PUNCT
stem-8156	284	10	p.	p.	NOUN
stem-8156	284	11	128	128	NUM
stem-8156	284	12	)	)	PUNCT
stem-8156	284	13	.	.	PUNCT
stem-8156	285	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
stem-8156	285	2	university	university	PROPN
stem-8156	285	3	press	press	NOUN