387 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 01, Issue 08, 2023 ISSN (E): 2993-2769 The Role of Spirituality and Values in Society A.K.Nafasov Chirchik State Pedagogical University Senior Lecturer, Department of History of Uzbekistan Annotation In the article, the millennia-old history of our country directly influenced all aspects of its social development, as well as the spiritual values and mentality of our people. The fact that Eastern civilization was created directly on the basis of spirituality, science, morality and spiritual purity, at the same time, the most important reforms in the development of our country are taking place, rapid reforms are following the path of great goals such as the creation of the third Renaissance, and stop at its importance. Key words: Spirituality, values, society, civilization, education, historical thinking, modern technology, modern education. The issue of changing attitudes towards values, their restoration, raising their status, and assessing them as the cultural heritage of the people has turned Uzbekistan into an important link in reforms within the framework of the requirements of the new socio-political system. In a short period of time, the ancient customs of the people and national traditions that had stood the test of centuries were revived. Our nation has embarked on a new stage of its development, based on the acquisition of rights of continuity in terms of national revival and cultural renewal. The processes of transforming national values into a factor in the formation of national pride and self-esteem, a factor of firm confidence in looking into the future, have begun to intensify. It has been the basis of different approaches in different eras and different concepts. Theorists of such approaches and concepts have made serious efforts to justify and prove their ideas. According to the theory of the great French thinker Montesquieu, the geographical environment occupies a special place in social development. He considers the geographical climate and geopolitical identity of the country to be the main factors of development. And Freud puts forward a theory according to which libido-desire-desire has a strong influence on the development of society, and tries to substantiate that a person’s inclinations and interests constitute the essence and content of the pace of social development. Also, the Russian scientist N.Berdyaev is trying to prove that social development is not an abstract concept, but consists of a set of maturity levels of members of any society. The conscious history of life and personality shows that all these ideas, although somewhat rational, are to some extent tendentious. Spirituality not only directly influenced all aspects of the millennia-long history and social development of our country, but also the mentality of our people was formed on the basis of spiritual values, and Eastern civilization is under the direct influence of spirituality, science, and ethics. , arose on the basis of spiritual purity. From the same point of view, the East brought its own culture and enlightenment to the development of humanity and world civilization. Spirituality, in turn, proportionally influences both the general landscape of society and the intellectual and spiritual image of each person. The spiritual and educational level of citizens, in turn, changes the general state of society. Renewal of moral maturity and social consciousness determine the development of society and create new opportunities for overall development. It should be noted that each new generation refines a new history, creates and improves it. One of the pressing problems after Uzbekistan gained independence was the education of fully mature and comprehensively developed people worthy of a changing society in new historical conditions. This, in turn, was the task of returning to it spiritual values and cultural heritage that had been alienated from the http://www/ 388 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us people for several decades, cultural values prohibited by class party ideology, and opening up wide opportunities for the further development of values. The general moral reforms carried out in socio-political life created the necessary conditions for the formation of a perfect human personality and made it possible to fully mobilize the people for comprehensive strengthening on the path of independence. That is why Shavkat Mirziyoyev paid great attention to this issue in his lectures and works. The spiritual world, spiritual existence is one of the most important aspects of the life of society and man. It is inextricably linked with the processes occurring in all aspects of the development of society. Without it there is and cannot be any sphere of social life. The sphere of spiritual life of society is extremely broad, deep in content and diverse in form. Spiritual life embraces all the products of human intellect and thinking, achievements expressed in the cultural wealth accumulated by society, forms of social consciousness, ideas, views, imagination of people, worldview, manners and the entire spiritual world. Spiritual wealth, scientific, artistic, legal, religious, moral, philosophical and other forms of social consciousness created and developed by people in the process of long historical development, the entire area of worldview, artistic works, aesthetic views can be included in spiritual wealth. life of society. In other words, the spiritual life of society includes spiritual production in general. In the process of spiritual production, the fruits of human thinking are created - ideas, views, theories, doctrines, concepts, educational systems, religious and artistic images, social norms and laws, rules and regulations, pandu advice, manuals, plans, programs. The products of spiritual production appear in manuscripts, books, stone inscriptions, inscriptions, paintings, drawings, etc. and in other forms. Values are born as a product of the way of life and thinking of a certain people, and are formed as thousands of years of cultural experience. The age-old traditions, customs and traditions of our people are an expression of human and national identity. Values act as expressions of the glorious and troubled past, historical and cultural experience, lessons, sad and happy moments of individual nations and peoples, while traditions, customs and rituals are formal manifestations of the way of life of a people. spiritual and moral foundations. Values always manifest themselves in the form of a certain activity, express the content of people’s attitude to reality, and determine the direction of their behavior and efforts. In an era of multifaceted reforms, when the mentality of society is fundamentally changing, and the system is entering new content and procedures, it is of great importance to equip the people with ideas and goals that correspond to spiritual and spiritual needs. of the population and are an expression of the life aspirations that lead the people into the future. Therefore, the effect of reforms is a phenomenon directly related to the worldview, cultural and spiritual values of people. If reforms manifest themselves through the mind and worldview, the heart and soul of people, they will be viable and effective. Therefore, in Uzbekistan, the strategy of state reforms is combined with the values of social groups formed on the basis of a qualitatively changing society and a new way of thinking. The interpretation of culture and education as a priority phenomenon determines the true human essence of the process of improvement as a spiritual reality. It is through these values that a person matures, acquires his position, place and influence in life and society. The product of human activity becomes valuable thanks to this spirituality and enlightenment. It is known that information technologies in historical education are used in the educational process as a component of pedagogical technology, an improved modern type of technical means. In the future, economic crises will be left behind, and educational institutions will be sufficiently provided with automatic software. Only then, on the basis of information technology, will it be possible to organize and manage the cognitive activity of students, and he will become a close assistant to the teacher or will be able to fully perform his functions. Speaking about the use of modern technologies in the education system, he also made a demand for material and technical support for schools. To divide classes into groups and ensure the interdependence of students’ classroom and extracurricular activities, to apply the acquired knowledge and skills in practice, in manual work, and practical activities, it is important to consider creating conditions for their implementation. Also, in order for a teacher to be able to use the materials necessary for thorough preparation for a lesson, modern pedagogical-psychological, didactic and philosophical literature, scientific and popular magazines, http://www/ 389 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us newspapers, fiction, a library with a rich collection, and a classroom are needed. computers to facilitate its work it is also important to provide Today's modern education, advanced pedagogical technologies are the product of a new spirit and content, pedagogical thinking, progressive thoughts and ideas. New thoughts and ideas, in turn, arise as a result of a deep analysis of existing problems, errors and shortcomings. That is why analysis of the state of the sociocultural environment in society, humanization of education, rational solution of existing problems, and work in a new way become the basis of new pedagogical thinking. This, in turn, creates the basis for the introduction of modern pedagogical technologies that guarantee educational results, contribute to the development of the educational system, the development of society, and the development of personality. Outlining a system of measures related to the country's prospects, the President of our country is carrying out a number of reforms with the goal of making it a country of high education and culture and on this basis creating an educational base for all reforms. The idea of building a third renaissance is proof of this. Our head of state looks at economic, legal and political reforms, as well as solving world problems and ensuring peace with an enlightened view, and calls for an approach based on the demands of high cultural and universal human values. Historical thinking and the philosophy of history are an important factor in building an enlightened society. In fact, by understanding the transition and understanding it correctly, major changes can be made in the consciousness and spirit of people, through this there will be a spiritual transformation of life, lifestyle and, ultimately, society. REFERENCES 1. Мирзиёев Ш.М. Қонун устуворлиги ва инсон маънфаатларини таъминлаш – юрт тараққиёти ва халқ фаровонлигининг гарови. -Т: Ўзбекистон, 2017. 2. Мирзиёев Ш.М. Янги Ўзбекистон Стратегияси. –Т., “Ўзбекистон”, 2021. 3. 2017-2021-йилларда Ўзбекистон Республикасини ривожлантиришнинг бешта устувор йўналиши бўйича Ҳаракатлар стратегияси. –Т. 2017. 4. Зиёмухамедова Б. Педагогик маҳорат асослари.Т.”ТИБ-КИТОБ” 2009й. 5. N.O.Maxamatjonovich. Uzbekistan A Country of Large-Scale Democratic Reforms // Spanish Journal of Innovation and Integrity, 2022. Volume 13, Current Issue, pp. 14-19. 6. Sulaymonova Sh. A Man Who Failly Served the Homeland. Web of Synergy: International Interdisciplinary Research Journal. Volume2 Issue2, (2023) ISSN: 2835-3013. –Pр240-244. https://univerpubl.com/index.php/synergy/ article/ iew/405 7. Jumayeva S.B. Women's pilgrimage rites and rituals (as an example of Tashkent oasis)// EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) -Peer Reviewed Journal Volume: 6 | Issue: 7 | July 2020. 472р. 8. NO Maxamatjonovich. The Role of Mass Media in Improving the Spirit of Youth. JEDIC), Volume: 1 Issue: 6, November - 2021., –Pp.51-54. www.openaccessjournals.eu 9. Жумаева Ш.Б.История мемориального комплекса Занги ата.// Проблемы востоковедение. 2021/1 (91).Ст.65-69. 10. Sh.A.Sulaymonova. Sharof Rashidov‟s honorable services to the uzbek people. International Journals on Integred Education Volume 1 | Issue 6| june 2021, pp. 126-129 11. Нигматов, А. Х. (2021). МУЗЕЙНАЯ ПЕДАГОГИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ 12. ИНФОРМАТИЗАЦИИ. ББК 72 K 59, 79. 13. NO Maxamatjonovich. Some Aspects of the History of Namangan //Web of Synergy: International Interdisciplinary Research Journal. Volume2 Issue2, (2023) ISSN:2835-3013. –Pр 264-268. https://univerpubl.com/index.php/synergy/article/view/410 14. 13. Arslon Nafasov, MaxamatjonovichNO. About the History of the Tashkent District.Journal of Ethics and Diversity in International Communication (JEDIC), Volume: 1Issue: 7, 7 2021, –Pp.92-94. www.openaccessjournals.eu 15. NO Maxamatjonovich. The History of Socio-Economic Processes in Uzbekistan on the Example of Individual Regions (In the 20s of the XX Century) // European Journal Of Life Safety And Stability, 2022. Volume 2, Issue 2, pp.48-52. 16. Nafasov A K. (2023). The Role of New Pedagogical Technologies in Historical Education. Web of Semantic: Universal Journal on Innovative Education, 2(4), 52–56. Retrieved from https://univerpubl.com/index.php/ semantic/article/view/924 http://www/ https://univerpubl.com/index.php/synergy/%20article/%20iew/405 http://www.openaccessjournals.eu/ https://univerpubl.com/index.php/synergy/article/view/410 http://www.openaccessjournals.eu/ https://univerpubl/