205 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 01, Issue 09, 2023 ISSN (E): 2993-2769 Cognitive Signs of the Concept "Hand/Qo’l" and its Nominative-Communicative Field X. M. Mamadaliyeva Teacher at ASIFL Abstract The article is devoted to the contrastive study cognitive, semantic and functional peculiarities of the concept “hand/qo‟l” its verbalizers in English and Uzbek. Filled nature of linguistic verbalizers (word classes, word combinations, phraseological units, morphemes, sentences and others) expressing semantics of “hand/qo‟l”, place of constituents in the field has also been studied. Keywords: concept, a unit of thought, attributes of the concept, verbalizers, macrofield, nominative-communicative field. The concept of "Hand/qo’l" is a unit of thought that reflects a part of the objective reality, its essential and secondary features, positive, negative or neutral evaluations that have taken place in the national memory of its owners. The concept of "hand/qo’l" is a mental unit that has an important place in the conceptual sphere of English, Uzbek, German, Russian and other nations. Like other various concepts, the concept of "qo’l" has an ordered internal structure, and its characteristic features are macro- and micro- field. We consider the characteristics of the concept of "hand/qo’l" that exist in the mind of a person or a group to be non-verbal conceptual attributes. We call the verbalized, communicatively relevant part of this concept a verbal conceptual attribute or attribute. It should be noted that it is not logical to say that all the sign properties of "hand/qo’l" or other concepts can be verbalized at the same time. Because during verbal communication, the sign-property necessary for the context of communication takes a linguistic form. Babushkin and I.A.Sternin write in this regard: “Community is the reason why a concept is verbalized or not. Whether or not a concept is verbalized does not affect its real presence in the mind as a unit of thought. There are too many concepts that are not verbalized in the mind”. Due to the fact that the structure and content of the concept of "hand/qo’l" is national, the research of the content of this concept and its linguistic landscape on the example of related and non-related languages is not only useful for linguistic conceptology, but also for the general theory of language and linguistic culturology. The hand is an integral part of human life and activity, without it human actions and creative activity cannot be effective. Because with the help of our hands we make various things, we create things necessary for life, to satisfy needs, we prepare food, we communicate, we react, etc. From this point of view, hand occupies a special place among other related somatic systems due to its polysemantic and polyfunctional nature. The seme system of the hand is a member that forms the basis of the concept of "hand/qo’l". In English and Uzbek dictionaries, the word „‘hand’’(qo’l) has different definitions and inter interpretations. For example, A.S. Hornby in his "Oxford Advanced learner's Dictionary of Current English" gives the following definition to the lexeme hand as a noun phrase: "part of 206 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us body 1 [C] the part of the body at the end of the arm, including the fingers and thumb: Keep both hands on the steering wheel at all times; He killed the snake with his bare hands". This dictionary lists 11 different meanings of the word "hand" (noun). These are the following: – handed 2 (in adjectives) using the hand or number of hands mentioned: one – handed catch, left – handed scissors (= intended to be held in your left hand. Help 3 (a hand) [sing.] (informal) help in doing sth: The neighbours are always willing to lend a hand. Role in situation 4 [sing], ~ in sth the part or role that sb / sth plays in a particular situation, sb‟s influene in a situation: This appointment was an attempt to strengthen her hand in policy discussions. On clock / watch 5 [C] usually in compounds a part of a clock or watch that points to the numbers – see also Hour hand, Minute Hand, second Hand; Worker 6 [C] a person who does physical work on a farm or in a factory – sec also chargehand, Forehand, Hired Hand, stage hand; sailor 7 [C] a sailor on a ship! All hands on deck!; Hand – g (in compounds) by a person rather than a machine: hand – painted pottery, hand knitted; in card games 9 [C] a set of playing cards given to one player in a game: to be dealt a good / bad hand 10 [C] one stage of a game of cards: I‟ll have to leave after this hand; Writing 11 [sing] (old use) a particular style of writing; measurement for Horse. 12 [C] a unit for measuring the height of a horse, equal to 4 inches or 10.16 centimetres – see also hand, old hand, second hand, underhand. The dictionary includes 40 idioms with the word hand and their meanings. For example, bind / tie sb hand and foot, to tie sb‟s hands and feet together so that they can not move or escape. 2 to prevent sb from doing what they want by creating rules, restrictions, etc by hand; get your hands dirty to do physical work: He‟s not frightened of getting his hands dirty; sbs hand (in marriage) (old – fashioned) permission to marry sb, especially a woman: He asked the general for his daughters hand in marriage, (get) take your hands (sth / sb) (spoken) used to tell sb. not to touch sth / sb: Get your hands off my wife! The analyses showed that, in addition to the basic noun and verb word groups, there are words with compound, compound-derivative and structure: handbag (ot, N + N = N), hand baggage (Am.E), hand luggage (Br.E) (ot N + N =N), hand ball (ot, N + N = N) handicapped (Adj + P II = Adj), handling (ot N + suf = N), handler (N + er = N), handily (Adj + - ly = Adv), handful (N + suf = N), handler (N + er = N), handmade (N + V past sim. = Adj), At night she brought home papers with handwriting on them and made copies with her typewriter (O.Henry, 7). Is the handbrake on!, Only a handful of people came to the ceremony, Hand made furniture is cheaper here; It is impossible to read his label on the box said: “Fragile, Handle with care”. The analysis of factual materials showed that the concept of hand is also verbalized through word combinations: to raise one‟s hands, to raise one‟s arm to put one‟s hand (s) on smth, to hand sth to sb, with bare hands, to rub one‟s eyes, to squeeze one‟s hand, to shake hands etc. These two detectives would rush in and handcuff him… ()I signed the receipt and the Mayor handed me the money (O.Henry, 35). Soames extended his finger and thumb, as if measuring the extent of the distinc tion he should acquire (Galsworthy, 110) In the dictionary "English-Russian Phraseological Dictionary by A.V. Kunin, it can be seen that the number of phraseologisms with "hand" component is 234: at hand - near, side by side, reachable, under the nose; bind somebody hand and foot, change hands, switch hands, dead hand, walk. Paremie, proverbs and sayings, the concept of "hand" is included in the range of linguistic means of expression, as can be seen in the following examples: Not to let one’s left hand know what one’s right hand does (“O„ng qo„l nima qilayotganini chap qo„l bilmasin”); Put not your hand between the bark and the tree (“Er va xotinning orasiga tushma”, “Birovlar ning oilaviy ishlariga aralashma”); An empty hand is no lure for a hawk (“Quruq qo„l og„iz yirtar”; “Quruq gap bilan qorin to„ymaydi”). Below, we will consider the meanings of the word "hand" based on "Explanatory Dictionary of the Uzbek Language", "Explanatory Phraseological Dictionary of the Uzbek Language" and other sources. 207 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us 1. The part of a person from the fingertips to the shoulder, a member" [6. B. 402], the dictionary distinguishes 9 meanings of this word: " 2. The part of this member from the wrist to the tip of the fingers; paw The judge looked at the table while washing his hands. (M. Ismailiv, "Fergana until dawn"); 3. As a working member (tool): my hand is busy"; 4. The front legs of animals. Lamb's hand and thigh, hand meat; 5. Finger. Five hands are not equal (Proverb); 6. Everyone has their own writing method, style, writing, letter and its expression. Kutidar understood the purpose of his daughter and immediately noticed two types of hands: - She called him a devil without conscience (A. Qadiri, "The Past"); 7. Signature. The storekeeper said: "I don't call a piece of paper paper without a hand" (S. Ahmad, "Hukm"); 8. Everyone's unique way of working, style, work, letter movement, an expression that reflects this. The interior walls of the building are decorated with patterns. The doors and windows are oriental. It is clear that master Nasirjan had a hand in this work; 9. Opportunity: When I look at the lips, the cap is tight. We have too little time to do something bigger (I. Rahim, "Ikhlos"); 10. 3rd person in the form of possessive and locative clauses, in the form of locative clauses: to his hand, in his hand) I was (A. Qadiri, "The past days"). The analysis showed that there are only a few verbs in the Uzbek language. Such verbs can be silamaq, ushlamoq, tutmoq, chang solmoq, uqalamoq, tirnamoq, g„ijimlamoq, chimchilamoq, qashlamoq, mushtlashmoq, bo„g„moq, siqmoq, etc. They fought one on one. The component analysis method showed that the concept of "qo‟l" in the Uzbek language can be expressed through derived, compound, compound derived words. For example, qo‘lli, qo‘lsiz (adjective), qo‟lbog‟ with arms and legs (adjective), qo‟lqop, qo‟lma-qo‟l (adverb): Qo„lsiz nima ham qila olardim, qo‟lli oyoqli kelinim bor, kitob qo‟lma qo‟l bo‟lib ketdi. It should be noted that word combinations and phraseological units are active in expressing the conceptual semantics of the hand. For example, baquvvat qo‘llar, ikki qo‘lini ko‘tarmoq, qo‘l kuchi, qo‘lini qayirmoq, qo‘l berib ko‘rishmoq, qo‘l bilan ushlamoq, qo‘l yuvmoq, qo‘lidan olmoq, o‘ng qo‘l, chap (so‘l) qo‘l; qo‘li kalta (cheklangan imkoniya tiga ega, qurbi yetmaydigan), qo‘lini yuvib, qo‘ltig‘iga urmoq (ixlosi qaytib, ishonmay qo„yib, diqqat e'tiboridan soqit qilmoq), qo„li yupqa (kambag„al, qashshoq). So, as is seen from examples, the concept hand (qo‟l) can be expressed by lexical, phraseological, morphological, syntactic and paralinguistic (non-verbal) units. From the point of view of word classes, this concept is represented by the lexemes belonging to noun, verb, adjective and adverbial word classes. Statistical analysis of them gave the following results: English Uzbek № Parts of speech Number of words with “hand” seme % № Parts of speech Number of words with “qo‟l” seme % 1 Noun 38 31.6 1 Noun 23 21.2 2 Verb 57 47.5 2 Verb 64 59.2 3 Adjective 23 19.1 3 Adjective 16 14.8 4 Adverb 2 1.6 4 Adverb 3 2.7 5 Particle 5 Particle 2 1.8 Total: 120 100% Total 108 100% 208 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us As is seen from the table, among the English and Uzbek word classes, the verb is dominant in the expression of the semantics of the hand - the verbalizer, while the noun ranks second, the third and the fourth place is occupied by adjectives and adverbs. Unlike English, the Uzbek language also has a hand sign. The analysis of the dictionaries and texts of different styles showed the following results: English Uzbek Linguistic units Number of units with manual semantics of “hand” % № Linguistic units Number of units with manual semantics of “hand” % Frazeme 272 36.4 1 Frazeme 223 30.9 Frazoeme 234 31.3 2 Frazoeme 184 25.5 Lexeme 120 16.0 3 Lexeme 168 23.3 Sentence seme 64 8.5 4 Sentence seme 71 9.8 Morpheme 33 4.4 5 Morpheme 45 6.2 Pareme 11 1.4 6 Pareme 19 2.6 Teksteme 8 1.07 7 Teksteme 14 1.94 Paraling- voeme 4 0.5 8 Paraling- voema 7 0.97 Total 746 100% Total 721 100% The results of the statistic analysis showed activeness od word combinations, phraseological units and lexemes in the expression of “hand/qo‟l” semantics. That is why they occupy central part of the field, while other expressive means occupy the periphery zone of the field. System relations of lexical, morphological, phraseological and other means in English and Uzbek is the object of linguistic contrastive studies. 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