250 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 01, Issue 10, 2023 ISSN (E): 2993-2769 Artistic Speech Possibilities and Author's Skills in Character Creation Asomiddinova Gulbarno Alijonovna Teacher of Fergana State University Abstract In this article, the author emphasizes the issues of creating a character in a work of art. In particular, the character's way of speaking, speech, behavior, clothes, mutual description, self- description, etc., are analyzed in depth, and examples from the creative works of Stefan Zweig and Ulugbek Hamdam are given. Keywords: Image speech, behavior, portraiture, character traits, personality, classification, state of mind. One of the important indicators that reveal the inner world of the hero, his way of life, is the character's speech. What the hero says and how he says it is also important. Through the speech, we learn about the hero's nationality, social background, temperament, intelligence, abilities, level of education, about his unique characteristics. The writer also presents the character with an individual speech, a way of speaking. For example, if we turn to the following passage from Stefan Zweig's "Burning Spell": "-Sois sage, Edgar! Assieds-toi (although the lady cannot speak this language as in the pamphlet, this child is always spoken to in French, and even for some complex expressions, his language it wouldn't turn well" (Behave yourself, Edgar, sit down!) (French)1 In the text above, Stefan Zweig expresses that he wants to show that he belongs to the cyborg community with this one phrase. Because "white bone" nobles could speak French at the time. The fact that a sentence from the French language was quoted in the replica of the image gave information about its original lineage. In the novel "Father" by Ulugbek Hamdam, Erboy, the negative character of the work, had an argument with Yogdu on a bus. "- Don't stop now, Yogdukhan, are they themselves? - the woman, startled by the voice of a familiar, at the same time, a stranger, sounded in her ear and glared at her. He looked at his face and said, "Hap, are you caught?" He saw Erboy, his schoolmate, who was looking at him with a smile. "2 As can be seen from the passage above, the character of the hero is not only reflected in his speech, but also in his actions. Erboy's "pushing closer to the woman like sorbets", "whistling like a snake", "talking with excitement" creates some idea about his character. So, when depicting a portrait, it is observed that the mental state of the image is given at the same time. The negative aspects of Erboy's character were evident through his speech, even in his first reply. 1 Zweig. S Twenty-four hours in a woman's life., . - T., Uzbekistan, . - B. 25. 2 U. Hamdam Father. -T., Generation of the new century. 2020. B. 75. 251 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us "Don't stop now, Yogdukhan, are they themselves?" - Incorrect use of the plural suffix "lar" in the first word has the meaning of strengthening, and in the second word has the meaning of cutting. Comments such as Yogdu's "walking away", "tears splashing from her eyes" and getting off the bus show how pure, honest and honorable she is. So, another way of expressing the character of the hero is the expression of behavior. We observe a person's spiritual world and worldview by seeing and knowing what he is doing. Especially when a person is faced with complicated situations and complex conflicts, his character traits become clearly visible. The behavior of the hero in his everyday life should not be overlooked here. In Stefan Zweig's short story "The Panic", Mrs. Irena is threatened by a stranger. That woman extorts money from Irena every day. Instead, he will have to keep Irnna's betrayal a secret. The stranger's demands become more and more intense, and Irena, who has no money left, takes off her wedding ring. Irena is so terrified that her secret will be exposed in front of her husband that she even wants to commit suicide. The writer fully describes how Irena, enjoying her abundant life and not living thankfully, fell into the street of treason and panicked: "Irena was about to jump out, when she heard the opening of the street door, and her blood stopped in her veins because of fear. So, her husband came back from his office. He hastily took out the ring from his finger and put it on the defendant's hand, and he immediately closed it. "3 The author draws the reader's attention not only to the actions, words, thoughts, and feelings of the hero, but also to how they do it, that is, to the character of the hero. The character form means external signs of the hero's inner world: facial expressions, gestures, manner of speaking, tone, posture, clothes, hairstyle, even perfume and cosmetics. In the form of character, we see not the external details in the character of the hero, but the perfect expression of the whole whole. We refer to the text of the work above: "Today, Irena felt her excitement for the second time. He shuddered, got up, went into the closet to take off his hat, stood in front of the mirror until he came to his senses. Then he went back to the workshop. "4 In the following excerpt from Ulugbek Hamdam's "Rebellion and Obedience", the author describes the clothes worn by Akbar, the hero of the work, through his inner speech: sweater, pants, and high-heeled shoes are of the same clean color, and black again. . . Suddenly he felt embarrassed."5 The fact that a person's appearance can also give a lot of information about him can be proved in the above passage. From the types of character classification, in the author's characterization, the narrator can directly describe the character. In the expression of character, the author can openly express his attitude not only through portraits, actions, experiences, but also by speaking on his own behalf. "Yes, Farida was, in her own words, a realist." No matter how much the desire to be with her husband tormented her, the main reason why she did not change anything came from her "realist" worldview. "6 In this passage from the novel "Rebellion and Obedience", the author outlines the character of Farida, Akbar's wife, through this brief classification. A characteristic feature of Ulugbek Hamdam's work is to express the character of the hero through short lines or not to say anything at all about the character of the hero, that is, the writer leaves the conclusion to the reader and encourages him to observe. 3 S. Zweig. The cry of a burnt heart., . - T., New age generation., 2016. - B.67 4 Source above, 28 5 U. Hamdam. Rebellion and obedience. . -T., Generation of the new century. Publisher, 2018. – 52. 6 The above source, 90 252 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us If we pay attention to the classification given to the baron in Stefan Zweig's short story "Burning Charm": "Although he was not gifted with original talent, he was naturally one of those who liked the nobility, usually the appearance of such in any circle was well received, and he was also completely conscious of loneliness. it was known that it was not there. "7 In contrast to the works of Ulugbek Hamdam, in the works of Stefan Zweig, there are many points of detailed attention to the character of the hero. And the passage quoted above can prove our point. Sometimes the hero tells a story about himself in a work of art. Such a score is called self- description in the literature. "I still don't know what possessed me, Polat. Why did I do that, why did I chase you, why did I set fire to your house, why did I turn your life into hell, I don't understand! There was a feeling of sadness in me, I think that's the reason for everything! But where is that treasure now? Where?”8 Self-description can also be found in many of Stefan Zweig's works. As an example, we can cite a passage from the speech of a doctor in deep distress in the short story "Amok": ". . . I don't know if I was a good person before, even if only a little, but I am sure that I always helped people. In my life there, this thing, i.e. saving someone's life by storing a little bit of knowledge in my mind, was considered a kind of happiness for me, I considered myself as God. . . "9 It is not difficult to notice that this hero always wanted to do good to people, but due to an unfortunate incident - he was guilty of not being able to help a woman in time, and not only he, but also other factors affected it, and the tragic end plunged the doctor into deep sadness. The description given by one person to another person, i.e. mutual description, is also a common phenomenon in works of art. However, the descriptions given to one person by other people are also different, that is, in fiction, as in real life, other characters have different opinions about one character. Here are two different descriptions given to Akbar, the main character of Ulugbek Hamdam's novel "Rebellion and Obedience" by his wife Farida and his lover Diana: "After Nasirjan closed the door, Farida was upset and thought about Akbar: "He is one of those Nasirjans, even more delusional. Did they cook for a married person with children in foreign countries? They are looking for the meaning of humanity. After all, isn't the point of bringing up two children and adding them to the family? . "10 Diana, her lover, has a different opinion about Akbar: "Diana, who opened the door as soon as she saw Akbar from the window, was surprised to see all this with her own eyes. He did not expect such action, courage, determination, bravery from a handsome man like Akbar.”11 So, when a person is described by another person, his interaction with the person giving the description is of great importance. Each person comes to an opinion about a person from the framework of his thinking, treatment and behavior of another person. Sometimes in the work, the author describes a special aspect of the character's character through the character's name, and this phenomenon is called "characteristic name" or "characteristic surname" in literature. In the writer's novel "Rebellion and Obedience", there are characters whose names indicate their profession, such as doctor, Tursunboy - jontalash (he knows that the meaning of life is only in working day and night, so he got this nickname). 7 S. Zweig. Twenty-four hours of a woman's life. - T., Uzbekistan 2019. . - B. 8. 8 U. Hamdam Father. -T., Generation of the new century. 2020 9 S. Zweig. Twenty-four hours of a woman's life. - T., Uzbekistan 2019. . - B. 250 10 U. Hamdam. Rebellion and obedience. . -T., Generation of the new century. Publisher, 2018. – 90. 11 The above source, –117 253 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us There are also a number of biographical novels in Stefan Zweig's work, which are great people who have left their name in history: Among them, "E. Memories of Wernharn", "Balzac", "Dickens", "Marcelina Debord Valmore", "Joseph Fouche", "Magellan", "Amerigo" are among them. But in the novel "Leporella", which has not yet been translated into Uzbek, we will learn that it is the nickname of a woman whose real name is Kreschentsa. The quoted character expression belongs to all forms-external forms. The analysis of the inner world of a person is understood as the types of internal expression of character. This process is called psychological analysis of character. Each writer will have his own method of psychological analysis. Internal monologues and dialogues have a special place in this. A monologue is a type of internal speech spoken by a character to himself, another character, or the reader, but no response is expected. Monologues are more often found in dramatic works, and in them the flow of thoughts, impressions, emotions that are happening in the heart of the hero attracts attention. Ulugbek Hamdam's story "Farewell, dear tree!" is told in a monologue style, that is, we can see in the words of the heart spoken by the hero to his dear tree: "There is a need in my heart, in my soul, whose name is constancy. I always want that. If I have a friend, if he stays by my side for a lifetime, if I have a partner, I say that if there is no reason other than death to separate us. But for some reason, I don't know if I'm just unlucky with people. When I look at it another time, I feel like I'm exaggerating. But you! No matter when I look at you, with any mood, you are the same, you are unchanging, you are fixed! . I bow to your greatness! I bow my head till it reaches the ground, oh tree!!!”12 In Stefan Zweig's novella " Cry of a Burnt Heart " we can also find it in the image speech of an internal monologue. The grief of the father is skillfully described by the writer in his inner monologue. During the novella, the old man does not dare to express the riots that are raging in his language, but rather thinks in himself. His monologues are so impressive that the reader involuntarily feels pity for the old man. This shows the artist's skill of the writer: "It's good to be happy," the old man shook his heavy head. Dialogue is a mutual conversation between the characters, which helps in the formation of the character of the hero in the plot of the work. In the dialogue between the old man and his wife in Stefan Zweig's novel "Cry of a Burnt Heart", we see how selfish, indifferent to her husband she is, who does not see her husband as a man, and who is given to fun. The saddest thing is that her daughter's upbringing is also deteriorating. A mother does not set an example for her daughter, but has fun in the circle of young men. The father wants to take them away from this circle, but his wife opposes this proposal: " His wife frowned and waited for him to speak, and the old man did not dare to speak like a student standing in front of the teacher. - What's the matter? - asked his wife at last. "I don't want, I don't want," mumbled the old man, his voice trembling. - Me. . . i. . . I don't want you to talk to these people. .” 13 Many writers understand that one of the internal methods of character expression is speech, which is expressed from the point of view of the character, but expressed by the author. ( speech that is not his own, i.e. the speech of another) In this method, the writer "moves" into the spirit of the hero and expresses the feelings of the hero in most cases through interrogative and exclamatory sentences. As an example, we give the following example from the novel "Father" by Ulug'bek Hamdam. "Oh, if only he could get enough work! It doesn't fit! What should he do? . In life, everything is one side for him and Yogdu is one side. Without oil, the heart of Steel was deserted. Yogdu was filling his heart. It was not known or 12 U. Hamdam. Rebellion and obedience. . -T., Generation of the new century. Publisher, 2018.-169 13 S. Zweig. The cry of a burnt heart., . - T., New age generation., 2016. – B.229 254 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us noticed when it existed, but now it is. . . It seemed that somewhere in his chest, a hole was constantly entering him, freezing the warm feelings in his heart. "14 Such a process is also observed in Stefan Zweig's short stories. For example, in the novella "Panic" in Mrs. Irena's inner speech: "Irena was extremely scared. She glared at her husband's hand: no, the knife is not visible. The oppressive, gloomy dreamscapes that oppressed him slowly began to dissipate like fog. So, she saw all this in a dream, and she screamed in a dream and woke up her husband. But why is her husband staring at her piercingly?"15 Through this method, the authors skillfully used various thoughts and experiences in the psyche of the hero to fully convey to the reader and to enhance the effect. By depicting the worldview and ideas of the hero, it is also possible to show the artistic side of the character. In this way, the social and political struggles taking place in the life of the hero are described. Personal documents such as the hero's biography, dreams, diaries, and letters will further clarify the character of the hero. Writers use different methods to describe the character's inner world, character, and appearance. Which method they prefer depends on the author's writing style, the idea of the work, the genre, the criteria required by the time, and many other factors. References: 1. S. Zweig. The cry of the burnt soul, Tashkent. Generation of the new century. 2018. 2. S. Zweig. Twenty-four hours of a woman's life. Tashkent. Uzbekistan.2013 3. U. 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