295 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 01, Issue 10, 2023 ISSN (E): 2993-2769 The Role and Significance of Education in the Development of Uzbek Applied Arts and Crafts Yusupova Rakhima Associate professor of the Uzbekistan State Institute of Arts and Culture Abstract Applied arts and crafts have always beyen a part of human life in the development of mankind. This article discusses in detail the role and importance of education in the development of applied arts and crafts, its role in the discovery of young talents who are just beginning to enter the field. There are also the author’s personal views on the problems of the education system and their solutions for the development of this area. Keywords: applied arts, education, crafts, problems, art, education system, culture, college, student, school, teacher, time, foreign, development, past, art, upbringing. Due to the independence of our country, various social and economic changes are being continued in all aspects of our life. It demands a fundamental reform of the educational system, which is responsible for preparing worthy successors of our society, that is, the process of formation of young generations. "The great future of the country depends on the education, culture, and creativity of our citizens. After all, a new society cannot be built on the basis of old education. The role of the teacher, educator, coach in reforming the educational system based on the new content is incomparable. Only if a teacher of fine and applied arts has a sufficient level of literacy in their field, they can sit side by side with students and show a practical example. Only then, pupils and students will see with their own eyes the secrets of master artist's mastery in his practical works, and their opportunities to understand the subtle secrets of art will expand. In our opinion, a teacher of fine and applied arts has universal human qualities like other teachers. He should be a specialist-pedagogue, a psychologist with highly developed professional skills, along with being a rich, spiritually rich, mature person with moral qualities. "A teacher cannot teach without special knowledge and skills in visual arts. In particular, it is the history of the fine art of pencil drawing, painting, graphics, sculpture, as well as decorative and practical art and the art of memorization, different currents in art, the schools carefully mastering the principles of its development, and the art of some of its types. should lead creativity and thereby be an example to children"1. In order to increase the role and importance of education in the development of Uzbek applied arts and crafts, the teacher of fine and applied arts should have a perfect knowledge of the technology of special training in this category, well study the history, theory, methodology, and practice of this field. It is also necessary to be a methodist with a high level of professional skills. According to Bizninig and the experts conducting research in this regard, the development of Uzbek applied arts and crafts lays the following tasks before the teachers working in the educational system: 1 J.Yo’doshev. “Ta’limimiz istiqloli yo’lida “.T.:” Sharq”, 1996, 106-107-b 296 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us ➢ in the system of duties and problems of a fine and applied art teacher in organizing artistic and educational works, implementing and solving educational activities; ➢ reflecting the requirements for the professional skills and responsibilities of a fine and applied art teacher in his work; ➢ in the types of activities classified in the teacher's professional role in solving the tasks and problems facing him; ➢ tools, methods and ways of implementing activities used by the visual and applied art teacher in solving educational problems, as well as in choosing the content of education; Today, in order to improve the process of vocational education and training of the young generation, it is important to use the pedagogical views of Central Asian thinkers in the development of Uzbek applied arts and crafts, along with the general human achievements of vocational pedagogy. In this field, it is becoming necessary for us to refer again and again to the methods of professional education and training of Eastern thinkers. Eastern lexicographers focused on the problems of pedagogy and professional pedagogy, focusing on the goals, content, form and methods of vocational education. They firmly believed in the formation of a person in the process of mental and physical work. In Al-Kindi's classification of subjects, it is emphasized that periodicity is the leader in regularity in professional education. Eastern thinkers deeply felt the spirituality of our people, the creative role of youth education in the family, and expressed their wise thoughts through their works. In the development of Uzbek applied arts and crafts, there can be development in this society only if the specialists working in the field of education teach the young generation the knowledge they have gained in the field of profession. Therefore, it is necessary to create all the conditions for the development of the society on a democratic basis, which is being formed in our independent republic, for the new generation to gain professional experience. The teaching of professional labor experiences by one generation to another takes place in the process of vocational training. Vocational education in a broad sense means that it is aimed at a specific goal and systematically influences a person to prepare him to perform certain socio-economic labor functions. New generations are prepared to participate in various spheres of life by studying applied arts and crafts. It is known from life experience that working with a student who has not received a good vocational education causes a lot of problems. The main root of this is the creation of a positive environment such as "father-career" and "teacher-student" in the family, which comes from the existence of cooperation between father and mother. Therefore, it is important to use the pedagogical heritage of Eastern thinkers in educating the young generations, from whom each of us will learn from life, to become reliable members of our independent state. Only when a person knows the essence, good and bad qualities of each craft, he can perfectly master the knowledge related to it and support the artisans. In fact, the masterpieces written by scholars of the East, thinkers, great enlightened scientists, such as Abu Rayhan Beruni, Muhammad Khorazmi, Abu Ali Ibn Sina, Mirza Ulugbek, Sufi, Ahmad Donish, Abu Nasr Farabi, Muslihiddin Saadi Shirozi, Alisher Nawai, etc. will be an inspiring and inexhaustible source of creative realization of moral maturity. In their works, they note the need to educate the young generation with qualities such as patriotism, hard work, loyalty to friendship, honesty, truthfulness, bravery and courage, and they are influenced by bad habits such as arrogance, evil, vanity, laziness, avarice. they say that it should be prevented. The place of education in the development of Uzbek applied arts and crafts is determined by the Law "On Education" developed in our country and the "National Program of Personnel Training" as a scientific method of introducing and reforming continuous education in the republic. its theoretical basis has been studied for many years. State educational standards on the 297 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us national model of personnel training and the tasks of educational institutions were also prepared and put into practice.2. In our opinion, when talking about the technologicalization of the educational process in the visual arts, it is possible to show as an example that pedagogical technologies are connected to teaching methods. To provide insights into the essence of modern pedagogical technologies in the development of Uzbek applied arts and crafts, to introduce the theoretical foundations of modern pedagogical technologies, to create an idea of the conditions for using new pedagogical technologies in mastering the basics of visual arts and engineering graphics, general to compare the types and content of modern pedagogical technologies in visual art and drawing classes of secondary schools, to reveal the specific aspects of using these technologies in general secondary schools. Organization of educational work on Uzbek applied arts and crafts, drafting lecture texts, equipping the visual arts and crafts room and using technical tools, working on the classroom board, gifted and talented o selecting students and organizing pedagogical work with them, developing teaching tools such as graphic assignments, handouts, models, exhibition posters, new pedagogical technologies, and being able to use them in teaching visual arts and drawing skills should be acquired. Today, in our independent country, a wide range of opportunities have been opened to preserve, appreciate and use practical arts and crafts, which are the result of the creative work of our people over the centuries, to develop the aesthetic taste of young people and to educate them as highly cultured people. . Educating young people in the spirit of unique masterpieces of culture, rare works created by folk masters, such as Abu Raikhan Beruni, Abu Ali ibn Sina, Al Khorazmi, Nizami Ganjavi, Khisrav Dehlavi, Alisher Navoi, Kamaluddin Behzad, Zahiruddin Muhammad Babur, world famous scientists, poets and artists. who called upon them to pass down the secrets of their craft. In addition, artistic evenings and various exhibitions are held between regions and cities and at the national level to preserve our sacred values and develop our traditions. Currently, the issue of using the traditions of "Teacher-disciple ethics" in the educational system, especially in professional circles, remains one of the important problems that have not been sufficiently studied. Because in the current education system, not only the professional skills and qualifications of the trained specialists are required, but also their personal qualities. In the process of the education system in Uzbekistan, all conditions are being created for the formation of a creative, active, spiritually rich person. But today, although favorable conditions have been created for the training of qualified specialists, we cannot fully use the rich heritage and experience of our ancestors. The knowledge given in educational institutions about the development of Uzbek applied arts and crafts serves to develop the aesthetic taste of students, as well as the formation of a culture of perception of existence and a positive attitude in them. They also help students to understand the aesthetic essence of decorative applied arts and crafts. It is very important for us to fully learn the secrets of applied arts and crafts by involving students in independent creative work in the process of studying applied art in grades 1-7 and drawing in grades 8-9 in the schools of our country. Activities such as making visual aids, albums, woodcarving samples, ganch carving, patterns, clay glasses, sunflowers, portraits made of wood are very useful in developing the creative imagination of students. For this, it is necessary to organize groups of folk and practical arts such as national painting, wood carving and wood carving. The Uzbek people are famous all over the world for their ancient and rich culture. Ancient monuments and underground part of Uzbekistan is a huge historical museum. Every memorial monument in Samarkand, Bukhara, Khiva, Tashkent, Termiz and other cities is a great work, 2 R.Hasanov.”Umumta’lim maktablarida tasviriy san’at ta’limi konsepsiyasini ”.T.:O’zPFITI, 9-10-b 298 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us rare manuscripts, examples of folk art, testify to how high the culture of the Uzbek people once was. At that time, the buildings built by our ancestors, architectural decorations, their diversity, the composite image of geometric and plant-like patterns are aimed at enjoyment and education. Through them, he invites people to express their hopes and dreams to the people. Our cultural wealth acquired over the centuries, some types of folk art, their specific aspects, the real Uzbek language, the technology of their names, and the names of our masters who created them are slowly on the verge of being forgotten. In conclusion, it can be said that in order to increase the effectiveness of lessons in the educational system regarding the development of Uzbek applied arts and crafts, video films, electronic versions, demonstrations of electronic textbooks, scientific-based programs, educational methodical exhibitions are used. preparation, excursion contests, conducting quizzes, training based on the advanced achievements of modern pedagogic psychology, strengthening the educational material base, using local materials, organizing exhibitions, modern equipment of rooms, In order to successfully solve educational issues, it is of particular importance to observe didactic principles, i.e. the educational principle, the principle of scientificity, the principle of regularity and sequence, consciousness-activity, demonstrability, and other principles. Our huge cultural wealth created over the centuries, in particular, the unique aspects, schools, methods of execution of Uzbek national folk art, and the blessed names of the masters who created them, are on the verge of disappearing forever. That is why it is important to preserve these unique masterpieces of art and teach them to young people. It was time to improve the formation of students' knowledge of symbolism in higher education institutions, which is considered the main link of continuous education. It is important to improve the effectiveness of lessons in the training of competitive specialists in vocational colleges. For this, it is necessary to learn to correctly analyze works of art and develop knowledge about national symbolism. We have unlimited spiritual wealth in the field of Uzbekistan. In order to study them, it is necessary to develop alphabet criteria for reading national symbols. 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