714 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 01, Issue 10, 2023 ISSN (E): 2993-2769 Lexical-Semantic Analysis of Military Terms Imomova Shoxnoza Panjiyevna Senior Teacher, Language Department, Academy of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Uzbekistan Abstract Military terminology plays a crucial role in the effective communication and coordination within the armed forces. Understanding the lexical and semantic characteristics of these terms is imperative for both military personnel and linguists. This article aims to shed light on the complexities and nuances involved in the lexical-semantic analysis of military terms. Keywords: terminology, theoretical, functional, concept, analysis. Introduction: Military wording alludes to the terms and language of military associations and faculty as having a place with a discrete class. As recognizable by their use in military principle, they serve to depoliticise, dehumanize, or generally conceptual conversation about its activities from a genuine depiction thereof. The functional tension for uniform comprehension has created since the mid twentieth 100 years with the significance of joint tasks between various administrations (armed force, naval force, flying corps) of a similar country. Worldwide partnerships and tasks, including peacekeeping, have added extra intricacy. For instance, the NATO partnership currently keeps an enormous word reference of normal terms for use by part nations. Advancement work is likewise occurring among NATO and Russia on normal phrasing for expanded air protection, in English, French and Russian. Some case military terms serve to depoliticise, dehumanize, or generally theoretical conversation about activities from a genuine depiction thereof. Like "legitimate phrasing" and connected with "political wording", military terms are known for a diagonal propensity to integrate specialized language. Much of the time, it mirrors a should be exact. It can likewise mirror an apparent requirement for functional security, offering no more data than required. It can likewise mask or mutilate importance similarly as with doublespeak. "Motor action" as a trendy expression for battle, being used starting from the commencement of the Conflict on Dread, has been condemned as a don't- ask-don't-tell strategy for homicide. Military terms are a seriously huge gathering of words in the language. The fundamental reason for this jargon is to assign items, peculiarities and ideas connected with triumph and safeguard - the focal points in the set of experiences and legislative issues of all times and peoples. Military terms and definitions are essential for an open powerful language framework that is dependent upon specific changes and lives as per extraordinary laws of advancement. Since old times, when military science came to the front, came to fruition as a different framework, the thesaurus of extraordinary naming terms that are involved by military experts in 715 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us a conflict circumstance and in the regular routine of the military started to grow: nearby conflict, philosophy and misleading publicity, weapons, battle preparing. With the rising intricacy of military hardware and the advancement of strategic and key abilities, new names started to show up and become fixed in the language: arrival, military flying, atomic powers. Strategically old articles are steadily moving into the class of historicisms: ballista, gazyri, Table of Positions, rangers, Red Armed force warrior. There is additionally an indispensable unbreakable "core"universal terms that have endure the hundreds of years: fighter, skipper, armada, award, triumph. In its fundamental reason, military wording serves the interests of society and the state, as it is connected with liquid cycles in political life (both outside and interior). In the cutting edge world, military terms and ideas, as well as the items they assign, are in a condition of dynamic improvement with regards to ceaseless logical and mechanical advancement. In any case, inside the particular region to which it is doled out, the term stays a steady unit that doesn't change its meaning.Among military phrasing, recognizing the accompanying groups is standard: military-political terms (key, strategic); military-strategic terms (authoritative); military-specialized terms (allude to various kinds of military and parts of administration). The starting points of military phrasing in the Old Russian language can be followed on the case of the text "The Story of Igor's Mission" (apparently 1187). Since the "Word" is devoted to a tactical mission, the tactical terms of their time are luxuriously addressed here: regiment, reproving, crew, armed force, head protector, safeguard, stick, bow, bolt, and so forth. Further, in the seventeenth 100 years, as the language created, borrowings-Latinisms and Germanisms started to enter into it. In this way, in the interpretation of the German book "The Specialty of Battle of the Infantry" (distributed in 1647) there ismany German military terms that actually exist: musketeer, warrior, ensign, commander, and so forth. Over military connection and effective triumphs in the XI-XVII hundreds of years. the tactical dictionary was improved with words from the Turkic dialects: tremble, beshmet, watch, and so forth. In the hour of Peter the Incomparable, the Russian language was advanced with military and maritime wording thanks to the dynamic reformatory action of the primary Russian head. Because of the improvement of shipbuilding and the acquiring of cutting edge innovations from the Dutch and English dialects, oceanic terms have entered, and are currently applicable in military undertakings: assault, armada, flag, fairway, boat, flight (Dutch), boat, brig, sailor (English). France and Germany, whose militaries were in the time of the XVIII-XIX hundreds of years. the most coordinated and exceptionally prepared, brought into our discourse such military terms as armed force, regiment, post, carriage, assault, landing, commander, walk, mine, rangers, dispatch, sapper, group (French), corporal, attack, guardhouse, bandolier, camp (German), and so on. Language contacts added to the way that carbonari, unceremonious, blockade, stronghold, weapons store, and so forth came from the Italian language. In the cutting edge Russian language, the majority of the borrowings have been presented by the English language and its American variation. These are mostly military callings and military hardware, the terms and meanings of which have analogs in Russian: helicopter - helicopter, expert rifleman - shooter, submarine - submarine, pilot - pilot, and so forth. Etymology of military terms: Gathering together a significant "military" stockpile of language, ordering a word reference of military terms, is certainly not a simple undertaking. From one viewpoint, this opens up the 716 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us extent of the verifiable memory of the language, then again, there is a particular pressing requirement for codification and systematization, related, in addition to other things, to the legitimate side of the tactical existence of society. In 2011, a group of creators under the overall editorship of D. O. Rogozin arranged a huge logical work - a special word reference book "War and Harmony in Wording and Definitions". This word reference of military terms is committed to every one of the gatherings of explicit phrasing we have recently named. It exemplified articles committed to unique names inside different areas - the subject of war and harmony, military undertakings, military history, present day effective issues of public and global security. Thus, for instance, the Word reference deciphers military regulation - a term that is generally heard even in serene regions: military regulation - the essential arrangement of military as per the necessities of war (for example carrying them to the most significant levels of battle preparation) The term arrangement of the Word reference uncovers the issues of military science and the hypothesis of wars, the set of experiences and grouping of the Military and method for weapons, as well as financial matters, geology, teaching method, history and regulation connected with this area. As you probably are aware, life doesn't stop. In the cutting edge world, military terms, as well as the items they assign, are in a state ofdynamic improvement with regards to constant logical and mechanical advancement. Of specific trouble is the systematization of such a tremendous corpus of lexemes: as per L. F. Parparov, the quantity of provisions in present day military arrives at around 3 million things. Moreover, it has been noticed that the initiation of the "generation" of explicit terms and definitions happens during strategic "eruptions", specifically during times of equipped conflicts, progressive overthrows, clashes on ethnic and strict grounds: psychological warfare, nonconformity, "Bandera", saints, "self destruction belt", and so on. The circle of purpose of military terms isn't restricted to the central command and encampment, the forefront and the back, - on the pages of famous papers and magazines, TV programs cover political occasions, the circumstance in the homegrown armed force, military contentions, and, obviously, the creator military writer you can not manage without unique jargon. Etymologist S. G. Ter-Minasova noticed that in the word reference of the Russian scholarly language, a "save" of 98 choices is introduced to signify actual viciousness, and just 11 words and expressions to communicate consideration and lowliness. Shockingly, even in the regular utilization of the language, a critical stockpile of "lances and bolts" is covered up. The job of allegory in military wording Taking into account the historical backdrop of humankind as a consistent "history of wars", it tends to be noticed that tactical jargon has entered into numerous everyday issues (politics,diplomacy, news coverage, confidential discussions and ordinary correspondence), catching them with an organization of representations: the battle for immaculateness, the conflict with the pen; facial coverings are flippantly called the "serious weapons" in ladies' skin health management munititions stockpile, and so on. B", weighty flamethrower framework TOS-1 "Pinocchio", intercontinental key complex "Topol- M", and so on. Significance move in military wording is much of the time in light of a cooperative impression or experience of an individual. In this way, to communicate the idea, words are utilized that express a conventional name or idea: a booby trap; "caterpillars" of the tank; "Passing sickle" (automatic rifle during WWI); tank, tub (tank during WWI), Tsar-tank, Rook (Su-25 airplanes). The issue of deciphering military terms 717 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us While deciphering unfamiliar texts containing military terms and definitions, troubles frequently emerge because of language irregularities brought about by: absence of similarity among idea and reality (Armed force is the Ground Powers, not the military); irregularity or inadequate match of terms (Military Institute is a tactical school, not a tactical foundation); contrasts in the position frameworks of the military of various nations; contrasts in the game plan of hierarchical and staff structures(a troop in the UK armed force is a detachment, and in the US armed force it is an observation organization); short "time of life" of individual terms (for instance, the word references of the provisions of the First and Second Universal Conflicts vary fundamentally, albeit under 30 years have passed between them); a critical number of shortened forms and contractions that are hard to translate; a wealth of shoptalk articulations (My feet are dry - I'm flying over land; No euphoria - the objective isn't identified). Malinowski, is of the view that "Language is constantly used to follow through with something ". Dialects capability as a method of activity. Malinowski concentrated on the commonsense capability as well as the non-sober minded capability of language. As per him, the logical capability is when language is utilized to accomplish substantial objectives, review the past and the non-sober minded is when language is utilized to lay out friendly intercourse. He thinks about the non-even minded as practical utilization of language, marking it "phatic fellowship ." He portrays such conversational purposes of language as "a kind of discourse wherein ties of association are made by a simple trade of words" Malinowski. Anybody who has at any point served in either the military or military association of any nation will perceive that "trooper talk" is a language by its own doing. Similarly as the military is a different world, so does it likewise have its language. The submariners, aircrew, heavy weapons specialists and tank troops each have their own assimilated language. Like the remainder of the "trooper language" it is intended to set up particular and divisions of ability or accomplishment. The general language of the all inclusive fighters is disgusting, rough and crude. The soldiers‟ talk fluctuates starting with one country then onto the next. Quite a bit of trooper talk is likewise self mockery.The military association is a foundation with objectives. So to empower it to play out its targets, more concern is paid to methodology, regulations, and rules, and guidelines. To that end the tactical winds up in storing more data than is given out on the grounds that techniques, laid regulations, rules and guidelines must be completely complied. In view of the unbending nature of the military, power is at each stage moved in the possession of an individual. At each phase of hierarchical order, a warrior is responsible to an unrivaled under whose influence and oversight he is. For an organization as the military to accomplish its objectives, there should be an aggregate liability, unwaveringness and successful correspondence. This achieves circumstance by which the prevalent provides request and the youngsters comply. This present circumstance calls for coordinated and situational language use as a compelling method for correspondence. The language of the tactical longing uniqueness from its inborn semantic elements and attributes. Language is portrayed by the utilization of signs, which are utilized as the essential vehicle for correspondence. The sign is verbal or composed. To accomplish powerful correspondence there 718 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us must be proficient preparation and ability. As per Kenge a sign should be an activity or the result of an activity requesting a reaction or correspondence. The manner by which a message streams inside the tactical order is directed by the tone of the message, which is formal. It should be clear and brief. It additionally relies upon who is conveying messages and to whom. For instance, in the event that it is from a commander to a significant, it should be respectful and straightforward giving the most point by point data and construing that official conclusion is with the prevalent. It ought to be noticed that whatever is the course of the pecking order, a sign message is portrayed in two ways: (a) it is point by point and frequently aware of rank and position. (b) It is brief and exact, frequently utilizing coded articulations, contraction and images. In correspondence, sufficient consideration is given to the way that such codes convey even minded as well as semantic data. This likewise differs and relies upon circumstance and setting. The tactical language is exact when utilized inside. There is serious level of care particularly in the utilization of first and second individual solitary pronouns. This is finished to keep away from moral obligation regarding moves made over carrying out formal functions. There are exceptional vocabularies or specialized words for unique idea in each field of concentrate like medication, regulation, photography, building, designing, religion, news coverage, printing, library,agriculture et central.e, it is obvious that there are extraordinary contrasts in significance between specialized terms utilized in the military and the implications these words convey outside the military (strict importance). A conversation talk for certain expert officers has likewise uncovered exactly the same thing. It has been understood that the greater part of these words are taken from the overall English language and utilized in this particular region to mean more than they customarily do. Assuming that we think about the words "ground" for instance, the main thing that strikes a chord is the strong surface of the earth or place that is known for a predefined kind, yet in the tactical language, it is an area of activity. That is, the front line. "Pivot" in common use is a nonexistent line through a body about which it turns or a fanciful line about which a normal figure is evenly organized. In science "pivot" is a proper reference line for the estimation of directions, while in the military, "hub" is an expected region. It is critical to take note of that the utilization of setting likewise assumes a vital part in this examination. Since we realize that words could lose their procuring whenever disconnected, remembering the significance of implying that is the point of correspondence, the utilization of setting turns into an imperative device in the disambiguation of expressions and words present in the tactical registers. Conclusion Understanding the complexities of lexical-semantic analysis of military terms is vital to effective communication within the armed forces. By analyzing the composition and meaning of military terms, clarity and precision are achieved. Cross-linguistic understanding is also facilitated, leading to improved coordination between multinational armed forces. Hence, researchers and linguists must continue to explore and decode the intricate world of military terminology for the benefit of all involved parties. References: 1. Nelyubin J1.J1. Introduction to translation technique (cognitive theoretical and pragmatic aspect): textbook, allowance 3rd edition. Science 2013 -216p. 2. Sti'elkovski, G.M. Theory and practice of military translation. German language / Moscow: Military publishing, 1979.-272p. 719 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us 3. Khodzhimatova G.M. Scientific foundations for teaching the terminological vocabulary of the Russian language in a non-linguistic university. – Dushanbe, 2011. 4. Makurina I.Yu. War text. translation teaching strategies. LINGUA MOBILIS. 2015, H1 (52) C. 137-140.