27 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 02, Issue 01, 2024 ISSN (E): 2993-2769 Lexical Grammatical Features of Verbs Representing Natural Phenomena in English and Their Specific Features in Uzbek Translation Tukhtaeva Elmira 1st Year MA Student, Karshi State University Abstract: This article deals with the analysis of some verbs which represent natural phenomena in English and the appropriate translations in Uzbek language by analyzing comparatively according to their grammatical and lexical features. Keywords: natural phenomena, verbs, phrasal verbs, events of nature. Nature words are an essential part of the English language, and they are used to describe the physical world around us. They include landscape, animals, plants, and everything on this planet. Understanding nature words is crucial for anyone who wants to learn English, especially for those who love nature and want to talk about it.In English, we usually use it is when we talk about the weather. This is normally: It +is +adjective or it is+verb- ing ,used in English corresponds predicative in Uzbek language.  It is sunny today.(Bugun havo juda quyoshli)  It is hot and humid today.(bugun havo issiq va dim)  It is a nice day today.(Bugun ajoyib kun)  We can also say: It is a + adjective + day (or morning/afternoon/night) It's a fine day.(Ajoyib kun) It's drizzling outside.(Tashqarida yomg’ir yog’moqda) It's snowing.(qor yog’moqda) Take an umbrella, it's raining.(Soyaboningizni oling,yomg’ir yog’moqda) We can also use it is in different tenses like in Uzbek language: It was cold yesterday(kecha sovuq edi), It will be cloudy tomorrow (Ertaga havo bulutli bo’ladi). When you are learning vocabulary about the weather, it is important to remember that some of the words have a noun form, a verb form and/or an adjective form. For example: Rain: (noun) The game was cancelled because of the rain.(O’yin yomg’ir sababli bekor qilindi) Rain: (verb) I think it is going to rain later.(O’ylashimcha tez orada yomg’ir yog’adi) Rainy: (adjective) It's a rainy day.(Bugun yomg’irli kun) Nouns and Adjectives 28 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us Many times when we are talking about the weather, we can add the letter Y to the end of a noun to make it an adjective.But in uzbek language we talk about the weather, adjectives which represent natural phenomena are formed by adding li to the noun: rain (noun) - rainy (adjective) yomgir (noun)- yomg’irli(adjective), sun (noun) - sunny (adjective),quyosh (noun)- quyoshli (adjective), wind (noun) - windy (adjective),shamol(noun)- shamolli(adjective), cloud (noun) - cloudy (adjective),bulut(noun) -bulutli (adjective), fog (noun) - foggy (adjective),tuman(noun)- tumanli (adjective) , Here are some verbs describing events of nature: It is obvious that some verbs representing natural phenomena can be formed by adding to before the noun,but in uzbek language we add the word yog’moq after some nouns representing natural phenomena to form verb or by adding -la suffix to the noun in order to form verb.We can say "to freeze," or "to freeze over”. And to freeze over means covered with a layer of ice. These verbs can be used without or with an object": Water freezes to ice at a temperature of 0 degree.So, in Uzbek language we can say muzlamoq or muzlab qolmoq.For instance:” Suv nol gradusda muzlaydi.” We can also say "to hail”."If it's hailing, it means that little hailstones, little, tiny balls of ice, well, normally tiny, but there are big ones, are falling from the sky.In uzbek it means do’l or do’l yog’moq. we can say "to snow," which is obviously white, fluffy stuff falling from the sky.It means qor yog’moq. “To sleet”. Sleet is partly frozen rain. So it's like very wet snow or very, very cold, almost frozen rain.In uzbek language we call it “qor aralash yomg’ir yogmoq” If you want to talk about tomorrow or the future, you can say, "It will rain tomorrow." It will + verb tomorrow Or "It's going to rain tomorrow." It's going to + verb tomorrow. If you want to talk about a noun, you would say, "there is," "there was," or "there will be."There will be rain tomorrow”. But what if you want to use a verb, for example, rain, the verb, to rain? We would say, "It is raining."or It is verb plus I-N-G. That's if you want to talk about the weather right now. If you want to talk about yesterday or the past, you would say, "Yesterday, it rained = That means it's more sporadic or occasional. Meteorologists normally say you can expect showers throughout the day, which means occasional patches of rain. We can say "to pour," which is where it rains really, really heavily ,You can say "to shine, The sun is shining, You can also say, "The sun is burning," if it's especially hot. And you can also say "to scorch," just like the adjective. There are some phrasal verbs we can, of course, use in relation to any type of natural disaster - floods, volcanoes, storms - they are connected to all types of disasters.For instance: To Sweep Through/Over Meaning: (to move very fast through an area and take everything in its path)(Yuvib yubormoq) The heavy rains and the floods swept through the valley.(Kuchli yomg’ir va suv toshqinlari vodiyni yuvib yubordi) To Rip Through Meaning:( to move or spread very powerfully through an area and destroy or damage things on its way) Parts of the country are damaged after severe weather ripped through the area on Tuesday morning and afternoon. To Be Caught Up In Something Meaning: (to be trapped or to be in the middle of some unpleasant situation and find it very hard to get out of it) 29 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us Many people had to abandon their homes as their villages and towns were caught up in the middle of the firestorm. So caught up means either surrounded or burnt out, and the people were lucky to escape in, hopefully, most of the cases. But in some unfortunate situations, they weren't so lucky, so they were caught up in the firestorm, caught up in the flooding, caught up in the earthquake. To wipe out Meaning: (to destroy something completely)(butunlay yo’q bo’lmoq) The fires were so strong and hard so many acres of forestland were completely wiped out Or The floods wiped out the entire village.(Yong’inlar shunchalik qattiq va kuchli ediki,ko’plab o’rmonzorlar butunlay yo’q bo’lib ketdi) То cave in Meaning: (to collapse under the weight, to into a big hole) (biror narsa ostida qolib ketmoq) The river bank caves in with the force of water.(Daryo qirg’ogi suv ostida qolib ketdi) To head for Meaning: (to move toward someone or something) ( kimdir yoki nimadir tomonga yo’l olish) The flames are heading for the next village.(Olov keying qishloq tomon ketmoqda) They will continue to head for the coast the way the wind is blowing. (Ular shamol esayotgan tomon yo’l bosishni davom etdilar.) To be cut off Meaning: to be surrounded that there's no escape(uzilib qolmoq) The village was cut off from the rest of the community when the water swept through and the bridge broke.(Suv toshib ko’prik buzilganda, qishloq jamiyatning qolgan qismidan uzilib qoldi) As conclusion, it can be said, in the process of the research, verbs representing natural phenomena in English language have been chosen and analyzed them by comparing their usage in Uzbek and English languages taking their lexical, grammatical features into account. The research is shown that although some words are translated from English into Uzbek by using diffenent words or frome different grammatical point of view, they are relatively close to each other in the meaning. References: 1. Iriskulov A.T Theoritical grammar of English.Tashkent -2006 2. O.Jesperson. Essentials of English grammar.Lnd, 1933 3. F.Palmer. Linguistic study of the English verb.Lnd,, 1965 4. 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