91 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 02, Issue 01, 2024 ISSN (E): 2993-2769 The Structure of Professional and Pedagogical Competences Development of Students as an Example of a Short-Term Academic Pen Boltaboyev Azizbek Khasanboy ugli Teacher of Namangan State Pedagogical Institute Abstract: Clarification of the concept of short-term pencil drawing is one of the main goals of this study, as it allows systematization of important materials collected by different approaches and schools. Keywords: Pencil drawing, draft, idea, memory, perception, plastic. Clarification of the concept of short-term pencil drawing is one of the main goals of this study, as it allows systematization of important materials collected by different approaches and schools. This fact confirms our assumption of the existence of a problem, which consists not only in the fact that students, future professionals do not have the necessary terminology for effective practical work, but also, accordingly, cannot understand the goals and tasks of each person, a short-term image type, nevertheless, the next part of the dissertation research It is very important for the course, especially for the practical part where students are asked to perform different types of short-term images. The famous Russian scientist, artist and teacher N. N. Rostovsev states: "My experience has convinced me that sketching is the most responsible area of artistic pedagogy, which requires a clear theoretical foundation and a very careful attitude to the individuality of the student". One of the reasons why we decided to clarify the concepts that represent the different types of short- term pen drawing is that in many literature or very quickly distributed sources on the Internet, these concepts are used incorrectly, which often leads to incorrect information, there will be no reason. We also had to clarify and revise the terminology of quick drawing to make the teaching material more suitable for students. The classification of short-term pen drawing reflects the main parameters of the European artistic culture, which developed in the European artistic tradition, especially in the academic environment, and accordingly, drawing and depicting from nature is closely related to the scientific justification of the laws. Classification of short-term pencil drawing can be done in two main directions: 1. These are images taken from memory or imagination and from nature, according to the idea. In addition, after working from nature, it is possible to improve the image. "Among the tasks of drawing from memory, the closest to drawing from observation is drawing from memory at a short time separated from nature," says artist-teacher Avsiyan O.A. 2. A pencil drawing is a quick image of a relatively small size, the main purpose of which is to convey the main visual characteristics of the depicted object with minimal means of representation. The time allotted for this work cannot be too long (no more than 20 minutes). 92 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us The main purpose of the pencil drawings created in a very short time is to depict the proportions of nature, its movement or the content of the composition quickly and concisely on the plane. They are made both from nature and from memory and imagination. Another type of short-term image is a draft. The task of the draft is to develop a particular important moment of the material in kind, to analyze its constructive properties, to decide on the texture of the object or to choose a material for the composition. Drafting can be done from nature, imagination or memory. A draft differs from a pencil drawing by the length of time it takes to complete it, usually an hour and a half or more. Sketches can also be elaborately developed in color. In his book "Pencil Drawings and Sketches", Academician V. S. Kuzin pays special attention to the creativity of this type of short-term images. Each of the listed types of short-term images has a more complex classification (classification) depending on the purpose and method of operation. The type of pencil drawing is determined due to the means of visual representation of the graphics used. These include: line, dash and point (spot), as well as the division of the image into light and shadow, which can be resolved into two or more color views. It is possible to combine and combine the above means of visual expression in the practice of visual arts. The first types are pencil drawings made with a line. If we look at the history of the development of all types of visual arts, it can be noted that line and spot are the oldest means of elegant expression. Linear images are the main source of information in all types and directions of visual art, starting with rock carving. It defines the boundaries of the depicted object, gives an idea of the pictorial characteristics of its shape, and can also serve as a means of spatial location in the image. The line that defines the silhouette of the image allows you to feel the plasticity of the form, which allows you to create a sense of dynamics and movement, and also serves as a symbol of the boundaries of the shape change, the intersection of planes, and thus not only the general plasticity of the form, but also helps convey its constructive features. It should be noted that, from the point of view of the psychology of visual perception, the line is a purely abstract, conditional element, which is perceived only by a person in all the above aspects of its application. This is due to the fact that line does not exist in nature, because even the thinnest line-like thing, for example, human hair, is actually a three-dimensional object with structure and volume. A line is one of the main means of conveying the outline of an object, which makes it the most important means of representation from the point of view of the psychology of visual perception. According to R. Arnkheim, a well-known specialist in cognitive psychology, "the contour line of an object is one of the important signs that can be caught and perceived by the human eye. It applies to almost all spatial aspects of objects, with the exception of location and alignment. First of all, when we talk about a contour line, we mean some weight limits. Surface boundaries are one-dimensional (e.g. lines). The outer limits of objects can be explored unimpeded by our senses” 1 . But the significance of the line as the main means of transmitting information about the depicted object is not limited to this. In many ways, a line can convey a sense of width, a degree of proximity or distance from an object through an image. This is done in two ways. The first is called the spatial line. This line is characterized by a change in color along its entire length. This effect is often achieved by applying pressure to the drawing tool that the artist is drawing. Often, this line is strengthened in 1 See: Арнхейм, Р. Искусство и визуальное восприятие // Пер. с англ. – М.: Архитектура-С, 2012. – 392 с., ил. 54-бет. 93 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us the areas corresponding to the front view of the image, and on the contrary, it is expressed in thin lines in the distant image with the light pressure of a lighter line. As a result, it helps the artist to arrange a certain sequence of perception of the image, starting from the more contrasting, brighter parts corresponding to the first view, to the less saturated second and third views, thereby creates a temporary property. This technique is often used to draw landscapes and multi-figure pencil drawings, in which one object is often covered with another. In addition, this technique can be used to define the construction of objects, for example, it is used to convey invisible parts of a shape that are on the invisible side to the viewer. This method is often used in the still-life teaching pencil drawing of the constructive construction of objects, especially plaster models of simple geometric shapes. When drawing objects with an axis of rotation, this method allows you to create a sense of rotation of the object based on its position relative to the horizon. So, for example, if the pitcher is drawn below the horizon line, then the front (lower) side of the ellipses will be brighter, and the upper part will be lighter. If the same pot is above the horizon line and the long part of the ellipse is not visible to the person drawing, it can be drawn with a lighter line (in the picture it will be a part of the ellipse shown under its axis). It creates the illusion of space even in the image, the purpose of which is constructive construction. REFERENCE 1. Slastenin V.A. i dr. Pedagogika. – M.: “Akademiya”, 2002. 2. 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