51 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 01, Issue 04, 2023 ISSN (E): ХХХ-ХХХ The Emergence and Development of European and US Theaters Abdurakhmonov Davirbek 3rd year student of the Uzbekistan State Institute of art and culture, Fergana regional branch, “Directing musical theater” v.b. Dekhkanov Ravshan Davlatalievich Associate Professor of the “Department of theater art” Abstract This article will talk about the world theater and about the directors of its first manifestations and masters of Arts, and about the world's first theaters. Keywords: Director, actor, performance, artist, analysis, interpretation, accompaniment, play, repertoire, character, theater, Europe, antique, drama. The history of the cultural development of mankind cannot be imagined without ancient theater. It is known that the ancient theater was born as a theater of glorious ideas associated with the meaning of folk life, its fate. In ancient Greece, Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, Aristophanes, Plavts and Seneca in Rome, a lively love of el-yurt through new stage forms, embalmed philosophical, thoughtful artistic images, they chanted their cherished beliefs. From the ancient world, beautiful, artistically high literary samples of finally related to the genres of tragedy, comedy of artistic creation have reached us. During the Renaissance, which began in the 15th century, the traditions of ancient artistic creation were re-mastered on Italian soil and laid the foundation for the theater of the new era. The first tragedies, comedies, theoretical treatises on the art of drama of the Renaissance were born on this point. A little later, the Spanish theater and, finally, the European Theater, on the example of Shakespeare's work on English soil, will rise to its high stage of development. The 17th-century French theater of classicism was also a continuation of the development of the Renaissance theater and became a new art phenomenon in the artistic creativity of European It was during this period that Molière, the founder of the French high comedy, created. In the XVIII century, theater becomes an integral part of folk cultural life: Sheridan in England, Voltaire, Didro, Bomarshe in France, K in Italy. Goldoni, K. Gottsy, Lessing in Germany, Goethe, Schiller sought to make the idea of turning theatrical art into a universal pulpit practically real, creating model works of the playwriting and aesthetic principles of the Enlightenment. The European countries and the US theater arts will rise to a new qualitative stage of their development in the XIX century. The theater during this period, using the example of the work of Hugo (France), Byron England), Claist (Germany), romanticism, then naturalism, new and color-color expression factors and methods of reflecting reality on the ground of the styles of symbolism. M. Meterlink, G. Ibsen, B. Shaw, G. Among major playwrights such as Gauptman, in the arts of acting and directing, as well as major playwrights, the maturation of huge artists gave rise to the possibility of creating high-performance a role model in line with the level of dramaturgy.. In the 20th century, literature and art were enriched by new and diverse modes of expression and forms, unprecedented under the influence of various philosophical schools, 52 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us political ideas. Born in Germany as a product of World War I, expressionism, B. The creation of the "epic theatre" system by Brecht, a progressive contemplative drama found in France, the "painfully youth" literary movement in England, the art of Italian neorealism, Yu in the United States. O'neil, T. The progressive finding of the direction of psychological drama on the example of Williams's creations — these are just some areas of multifaceted theatrical art, which, within the framework of each country, have acquired a mutual connection with each other in their own way, but on a universal scale. Of particular note is the fact that in the 20th century the US theater rose to the level of the progress of the European theater. During this period, J. Gielgud, L. Olive, Peter Brooke (England); J. Philippe, Jean Vilar (France), J. Major actors and directors, such as Streler (Italy), Elia Kazan (USA), created in different directions and styles. Dramaturgy and the Performing Arts are so colorful that the artistic currents in them cannot be juxtaposed. For this reason, it is much more difficult to accurately classify the realities of Modern Art, which are permeated with various genealogical and artistic traditions. When the history of the theater arts of each country in the present time is examined separately, it should also be considered that their dramaturgy and theater are independent and relative. As the Times pass and our days approach, the of foreign drama and limitation within the national theme of the theater go to aspects fade. The whole universe belongs to the action space of the play theatre, the interdependence of the fate of the people who live in that universe the principles of perception become the main ideological criterion of creativity. Western European and US playwrights, stage artists, are analyzing the social contradictions of the era from this very point of view. The most ancient theatrical culture on the land of european was created by the Greeks and Romans. The Greek Theater previous flourished in the 5th century BC. The Roman Theater, on the other hand, appeared after the Greek Theater, and its flowering period dates back to the second half of the 3rd century BC and the 2nd century AD. In the art chapter, we have a huge legacy from antiquity (ancient). The architecture, sculpture, literature and art of the ancient world is a source of continuous study and following in later times became. In the renaissance, for example, in the creation of the first comedies and tragedies, the works of the authors of antiquity served as an example. Even in later times, Western OVRO-American playwrights (Shakespeare, Cornel, Schiller, Goethe) have actively turned to the riches of the theatrical heritage of antiquity. Created in the 20th century many playwrights also (Gauptman, O'neil, Sartre, Anuy, etc. Over the course of the 19th and 20th centuries, the European scenes regularly featured antique dramas and are still shown in modern times. Literature used: 1. Raimov A., Raimova N. Shada of wisdom. - T.: Uzbekistan. 2013. 2. Umarov E. Aesthetic principles of creating an artistic image in the theater. - T.: Star polygraph. 2011. 3. www.ziyo.uz library