363 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 02, Issue 02, 2024 ISSN (E): 2993-2769 Concerning the Problem of Formation of Compound Nouns (In the Example of Mirzoolim Mushrif's Work "The History of the Kokon Khanate") Usmonova Muhabbat Abdullayevna Teacher of Fergana State University Abstract: In this article, the scope of use of compound nouns, the features of their formation are analyzed in detail. Also, in the written sources of the 19th century ("Mirzoolim Mushrif's work "History of the Koqan Khanate"), there is an opinion about the semantic groups of nouns. Keywords: compound nouns, method of composition, focus, subject, Turkish izafet. Introduction In the Uzbek language of the 19th century, word formation using the syntactic (composition) method was quite widespread. Word formation by this method is the oldest and most productive method, and it is considered one of the important factors that ensure the enrichment of the language. The emergence of new words by the method of composition is more common than in other categories. The main part Compound nouns are formed by combining two or more words semantically, grammatically, and intonation, turning into a single lexical whole. Historically, compound nouns have been formed from various syntactic combinations (sentence, phrase, compound part). But the grammatical connection between the components of such compounds is completely broken. Therefore, composition is a diachronic (historical) way of word formation, and compound nouns are the product of long historical development. 1. a) compound nouns in the form of adjective + noun: “… Bekmuhammad oqsoqolni fotiha berib, xonzoda oldig’a shabona chiqardilar.”; “Andin nov va Qo’shtegirmon uzasiga otlanib, Oqsuvga nuzul qilib, alarni hokimlari ham peshboz chiqib duo qildi.”; “Vaqtiki jamoai qipchoq musulmonquli vasvasasi birlan jamoat bo’lub, Oqtepai Shahrixong’a qo’sh qilib turub yurdilar ersa…”; “Bir necha ko’tah andisha, nokas,benomuslar jam bo’lub, Nasriddinxong’a va xazinag’a qasd qilib, o’rdag’a yugurmoq bo’lub, Xoja Muhammad jinni Bachqiriy, To’xtasun yasovul Yangiqo’rg’oniy, kal Jabbor amin Sho’rqishloqiy va Qalandarbek Oqqorg’oniy xazrati shohg’a atyin qilib, atrof va javoniblarg’a xat yozib, jamoat bo’lub, yakbora vaqti namoz o’rdani ustig’a hozir bo’lib karnay qo’ydilar.” b) compound nouns in the form of number+noun, such compound nouns mainly consist of geographical names: “Vaqtiki xon Chordara qo’rg’onig’a doxil bo’lub, Chinosg’a odam buyurub, Komil mirzog’a e’lon qildilar ersa…”; “ … orqasidin Xo’qandg’a ravona bo’lub, Oltiariq kelib qo’ndilar.”; “Kal Mingboy qipchoq sheri jang bo’lub, bir necha qipchoq Beshariqda turur erdi…”; ”…bir necha manzil yo’l tay qilib, Toshkand ustig’a borib, Mingo’roqg’a qo’ndi.” 364 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us d) compound nouns in the form of noun+noun, the first part of such compound nouns has the meaning of simile, qualification, comes as an adjective and is mostly used in names and place names: “Xizmatig’a eshon so’fi Olloyor va domlo Olim Konibodomiy va domlo vali Xo’jandiy va Mashrabi devonai Namangoniy kelib suhbat tutar erdilar”;” Umaro va fuzalo va mashoyix va tamomi yurt yaxshilari ittofoqlik birla Norbo’taxon Qoratepai Mo’yimuborakda o’n to’rt yoshda erdikim, olib kelib xon ko’tardilar.”; “Loiloj tuz konig’a, Qamishqo’rg’on birlan Xo’qand tarafg’a daryodin o’tub ravona bo’ldi.”;”… muborizlarning otlrini tuyoqidin chiqqan chang va gard Dashti qipchoqni havosini zulumatg’a aylanturu, ro’zi ravshanni qorong’u kechadek qildi.” 2. Compound nouns of the definition+ determined (Turkish izafet) type: a) The second part III personal possessive compound nouns are used: the leading word consists of the stem boshi “Shodi mingboshi kal Yusufdin ibo qilur erdikim, mabodo bir fasod boshlamasa, deb.” “Vaqtikim Musulmonqul mingboshi bo’lub, hukmronliqg’a sa’y va qo’shish aylab,…”; “Muhammad nazarbekni amiri lashkar aylab va Ko’char beyni boturboshi aylab va yana har jamotdin xudoychi va tunqator, dasturxonchi, ponsadboshi, yuzboshi, yasovulboshi tayyor qilib, beibo daryodin o’tub, sur’at birlan Xo’qndg’a doxil bo’lub…”; “Davronbekni bahodirboshi qilib, bir necha qipchoq va xo’qandliklarni hamroh qildi”. b) the leading word consists of the stem begi: “Andog’kim, Mirzo qushbegig’a Namamgonni va O’tamboyg’a Marg’ilonni”; “ Mulla Karimquli keldi. Qushbegi, tmomi arkoni davlat muloqot qildilar.” 3. Compound nouns formed from Persian izafet: a) Compound nouns with the superlative indicator -i: Ko’li Malik, Cho’li Malak, Shahri Koshg’ar, Dashti Qipchoq, Oqtepayi Shahrixon, Buxoroyi Sharif, Viloyati O’ratepa, Xazrati Asaf ibn Barhayo, Shahri Toshkand singari. Bir necha manzil va marohil tay qilib, Buxoro tavobegidag’i Ko’li Malik va yokim Cho’li Malak degan joyga borib, daf’atan Ubaydulloxonga muqobil bo’ldi; Shahri Koshg’ar tasarrufig’a kirib, ko’p siyosatlik podsho bo’ldi; Bir necha kun Toshkandda, istiqomad qilib, atrof va javonibdin tortuq olib va yana Dashti Qipchoqdagi qozoqiya biylari belib, tortuq va hadya birla duo qildilar; Kampir bechora necha manzil tay qilib Viloyati O’ratepaga dohil bo’lib, saruou va muboraknomani o’g’liga berdi; b) Compound nouns that are used without an indicator: Dehobod, ro’yxat, qozikalon singari: “Elchi yaxshi odam ekan, Dehobod xo’jalaridan ekan.” 4. Compound nouns formed from Arabic isofic compounds: shayhul-islom, Movarounnahr. “Shayhul-islom Namangoniy, domla Xolsiyoh, domla Xo’jamquli, Azimboy qushbegi,Tangriquli shig’ovul, Solih sudur, …” 5. Compound nouns consisting of descriptive compounds: Nurota, doyaxotun. Such a group of compound nouns can also include names of people formed by the addition of descriptors such as said, khoja, mirza, qul. It was also customary to add the word Muhammad to people's names. In the 19th century, such compound names are also common: Muhammadsolih, Muhammadniyoz, Muhammadkarim, Muhammadsharif, Eshmuhammad. The parts of such compound nouns are not united on the basis of any grammatical relationship. Later, initially in oral speech, shortened forms of the word Muhammad began to be used in the form of Mamad, Mat, Mad, Ma. Nowadays, such names are often found in the Uzbek language. 365 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us “Karimquli xalifa degan Muhammadalixondin qolg’om odam odam bor erdi, oni mutasaddiy qildilar.”; “Andoqki, Azimboy qushbegi,, Tangriquli shig’ovul va solih sudur va Muhammadniyoz xudoychi va tandi inoq va Muhammadkarim yasovul va yana shul masallik odamlar jamoat bo’lub keldilar.” 6. Compound nouns in the form of "incomplete sentence". The first part of such compound nouns are personal names, and the second part consists of the word abad. From a semantic- logical point of view, the first part is possessive, the second part is case, and the participle is dropped: Xonobod(xon obod qilgan qishloq, shahar), Mehnatobod, Mirobod. “Go’ro’g’li qipchoq jamoasi birla Shahrixong’a kirib, Tandi Inoq sarkor erdi, ani olib Mirobodg’a kelib qo’shuldilar.” Some compound nouns later undergo some phonetic changes and become simplified, it becomes difficult to understand that they are compound words. For example: Kalamush