535-539 Methods of the Competence Approach in the Spiritual 535 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 02, Issue 02, 2024 ISSN (E): 2993-2769 Methods of the Competence Approach in the Spiritual and Moral Education of Students Rakhmonova Gullola Shavkatovna Bukhara State Pedagogical Institute, teacher of the Department of Pedagogy Abstract: The article is devoted to the spiritual and moral education of students, the development of methods and forms, the assimilation of their content in the minds of students, at the same time awakening the love of the Motherland among young people, learning to appreciate work, the formation of spiritual and cultural relations with peers, the development of spiritual and moral competencies. Keywords: morality, spirituality of personality, moral education, virtue, quality, labor education, youth, peer. Introduction. Educating a person in all perfection is an old dream of our people, and our ancestors are conducting research on how to teach students spirituality and culture, to lead them to goodness. The country's education system, that is, schools and higher educational institutions, is a requirement of time to produce not only scientifically intellectually developed, physically healthy, but also spiritually pure, morally educated graduates. This is the fact that today, in the process of globalization, there is a serious struggle for human reason and thinking on every inch of the globe. This struggle between one evil and another cultural phenomenon prompts each of us to take a deep look around, mentally summarize the various processes taking place in the world. It is known that in the decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan ”On additional measures to improve the effectiveness of spiritual and educational work" dated May 3, 2019, in the youth forum of Uzbekistan dated December 25, 2020 and in the Message to the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated December 29, 2020 and January 19 of this year, decisions were made to improve the system of spiritual and educational jobs. radical improvement, the Republican Center for Spirituality and Enlightenment calls for cooperation with the Marifat Society of propagandists and ministries, a number of state and public organizations to fulfill the tasks set at the video conference on strengthening cooperation between state and public organizations. The breath of awakening in the essence of the statement of the head of our state that ”the body of public life is the economy, the soul is spirituality" belongs to our great thinker A. Navoi once again stressed how unprecedented a force and spiritual resource education, good manners, intelligence, knowledge, and spirituality are for our people, who, in fact, in harmony with their appeals and enthusiastically set about creating the foundation of the third Renaissance.Now, as it was noted in the resolution,”On measures to radically improve the system of spiritual and educational work," our people, especially young people, in order to protect themselves from the shadow of ignorance, protect themselves from relentless threats to spirituality, should, on the basis of new requirements, establish organizational, practical and scientific research work aimed at strengthening ties between state organizations, civil society 536 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us institutions, public raises to a new level, work to strengthen social cooperation between the media and the private sector. Solving existing problems requires further expansion of the scale and increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of spiritual and educational work to increase the spirituality of youth, strengthening the sense of belonging of the country's population, especially youth, to the reforms being carried out in our country, creating a unified system for coordinating work in the industry, developing the spiritual and moral competence of youth. In this regard, the educational process has introduced a methodology for the development of spiritual and moral competence of young people not only in our republic, but also in the global education system, a mechanism for competitive training, a practical pedagogical system for the development of moral qualities of young people, interactive programs in which learning models are combined with the ideas of technological progress. The United Nations World Declaration ”Higher Education of the XXI Century“, UNESCO program documents ”Reform and development of higher education" pay special attention to improving the quality of education in world-class educational institutions, organizing modular education, further improving the methods of spiritual and moral education of young students through the introduction of modern teaching methods. In the world system of higher education, scientific research is being carried out to improve the methods of professional socialization of young people, the development of their spiritual and moral competence, the education of social activity and initiative. In developed countries such as Germany, the USA, Russia, France, China, Korea, modular training, “mixed learning” (blended learning), master classes, webinars are organized to improve the methodology of thinking development, early identification of abilities, and increase the effectiveness of mechanisms for spiritual and moral education of students. In our republic, many scientists have studied various aspects of the process of spiritual and moral education and proposed the possibility of applying the results of these studies in the educational process. Some of these studies are aimed at analyzing a certain aspect of the process of spiritual and moral education, which is comprehensive, others at enriching the content of spiritual and moral education in the educational process and the use of new methods in various training courses, issues of improving the system of educational work in educational institutions are introduced. In the formation of the spiritual and moral culture of students, it is important to study the moral heritage of the past, especially the thoughts of great thinkers. Because their views on science, education, and morality have not lost their relevance for today's development. Their ideas about the way of life and morality occupy an important place in the formation of the moral culture of each pupil. The moral views of Eastern scientists contribute to the formation of humanity in the hearts of students. All over the world, we can observe how the importance of moral education in society is increasing, but at the same time, the media, the general public, experts in various spheres of life express the opinion that there is a decrease in moral standards in different spheres of life. Why are there cases of violations of moral norms among young people and children? The answer to this question lies at the heart of moral education. Based on the motives of moral behavior and the place of control of the level of moral development, the American scientist J. Kolberg argues that they are divided into three groups: 1. Before morality (the child fulfills the requirements of morality, fearing punishment, that is, external control). 2. Conventional (adheres to the requirements of morality in order to live well). 3. Autonomous (acts at its own discretion, becoming the rule of life). 537 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us Moral education is a pedagogical activity related to the formation of moral knowledge, moral feeling, and moral behavior among pupils. The social aspect of moral education is the norms and principles of morality accepted in society. Moral education is the process of assimilation by the consciousness of students of the rules of behavior, manners, relationships, communication and behavior, criteria that are recognized and must be observed by one or another society. The purpose of moral education is to inform students about the content of socio-moral norms, to explain to them the social significance of moral norms, to form their moral consciousness and culture on the basis of establishing a sense of respect for socio-moral norms. The tasks of moral education: 1. To introduce students to the rules of etiquette and norms of social ethics. 2. Formation of students' spiritual and moral consciousness. 3. To educate and develop the spiritual and moral feelings of students. 4. Students show spiritual and moral qualities (respect for parents, elders, respect for younger ones, hard work, striving for knowledge, humility, honesty, truthfulness, nobility, mercy, mercy, careful attitude to material and spiritual goods, confident vision of the future, etc.).o.) education of work. 5. Formation of students' abilities, skills and habits of moral behavior. Currently, the modern world is in need of values based on the principles of humanity, based on the moral norms and morality of mankind. These include: Humanity is considered a moral quality of a person and expresses respect for a person, a view of a person as the highest value, understanding him, helping him. Trust a person, his views, values, and serve these ideals. Freedom in fulfilling one's duties, the ability to achieve goals, be demanding of oneself and fulfill the requirements of society, as well as be disciplined. Be responsible for your behavior, admit and correct your own mistakes. Respect for all living things on earth, for nature. Honesty, fairness, integrity, the ability to be demanding and patient with yourself and others. The above is not the Moral Code of the people of Uzbekistan, but moral norms that can become the basis for organizing educational work in the family, school, higher education, and society. The main form of organization of moral education in higher education is such disciplines as pedagogy, psychology, philosophy, sociology, unagogy, theory and History of pedagogy, pedagogy of the family. In addition, extracurricular activities, meetings on moral topics also play an important role in the formation of students' moral qualities and qualities. Qualities that express a positive attitude of a person to natural and social existence, to himself and others, strict observance of moral norms in interpersonal relations, are called moral qualities. In modern research, instructive moral advice in the Qur'an and Hadith, complaints have found expression in the content of national customs, traditions and values that have developed over the centuries. Oriental thinkers Muhammad al-Khorezmi, Abu Nasr Farabi, Abu Ali ibn Sina, Abu Rayhan Beruni, Ahmad al-Ferghani, Imam Ismail al-Bukhari, Ahmad Yassawi, Bahowuddin Nahshband, Amir Temur, Muhammad Taragai Ulugbek, Abdurahman Jami, Saadi Shirazi, Alisher Navoi views of Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur and others on morality I found my expression today. Amir Timur was the owner of good manners. As a wise and enterprising ruler, he did not allow haste and injustice even in appointing and dismissing people from various positions, but measured seven and reduced one. 538 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us Imam Ismail al–Bukhari said that "the virtue of morality, purity of food, truthfulness and disbelief in savings -these four qualities were given to you by the Almighty, there is no harm, even if you are removed from worldly affairs." Consequently, moral education is the leading link in the upbringing of a harmonious person, a means of creating, forming, and improving human qualities. As Abdullah Awlani notes, moral education is a factor that encourages people to do good and pushes them away from evil. The Virtue of the Virtues is a book that courageously and by example expounds the atrocities of the virtues. Morality manifests itself in a person's behavior, beliefs, behavior, feedback, observations, and communication. A moral person will be firmly self-respecting, disciplined. He speaks to the soul of the interlocutor, the person's tongue does not hurt, observes the etiquette of communication. Discussion and the result of the study. Based on the analysis, it was found that the development of spiritual and moral competence of young people on the basis of social activity and initiative includes such components as spiritual and moral knowledge, spiritual and moral values, spiritual and moral qualities, spiritual activity. As a result of the formation of spiritual and moral knowledge as a structure of spiritual and moral education, students form a number of moral categories, such as happiness, conscience, duty, justice, honor, love, kindness, glory, faith, loyalty. Having mastered spiritual and moral knowledge, such qualities as initiative, social activity, patriotism, honesty, hard work, modesty, dedication begin to be determined in students. Young people with these qualities consciously fulfill the requirements of moral norms, respect spiritual heritage, traditions and traditions considered national and universal values. Through the development of students' spiritual and moral competencies: teaching self-awareness in the process of basic activities, assimilation of the spiritual and moral experience of others through communication, observation and imitation, learning to evaluate one's own and others' behavior, mastering spiritual and moral skills, teaching safety rules in everyday life, educating people of various professions of skills, understanding, interaction, relationships in the family, we will not be mistaken if we say that such questions, how the formation of character qualities through the emergence of the need to take care of loved ones, the upbringing of national and universal values through the effective use of national methods of education and advanced achievements of modern teachers in the education of students are ignored today. References 1. Kuldoshev R. et al. 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