AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 02, Issue 03, 2024 ISSN (E): 2993-2769 136 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us THE HISTORY OF THE STUDY OF THE LEXICON OF APPLIED ART Qodirova Mashhura Student of Urganch State University Abstract: This article provides information on the field of applied art, which reflects the national cultural traditions of our people. Preliminary research on it was reviewed. The lexicon of applied art was briefly analyzed. Information about its history, development, and today's importance was given. Key words: practical art, lexicon, pattern types. Fundamental changes in social life due to national independence are reflected in the field of linguistics as well as in all areas of science. Because "we, as inheritors of priceless wealth passed down from ancestors to generations, need to preserve our mother tongue, enrich it and increase its prestige". [1:48] Field terms, literary language, colloquial speech and a number of studies have been carried out on the lexicon of dialects. Much progress has been made in this area. Monuments of material culture are an important source for the perfect study of the lexical content reflecting the history and national cultural traditions of our people. That is why it is very necessary to observe the branches of applied art, which preserve the material and spiritual culture of our people, and further develop it today, and conduct scientific research of its lexicon. The lexical layer of every language is such a treasure that contains valuable information about the history of this nation. The origin and development of Ḥaql, life and culture, material and spiritual wealth, and its role in the development of universal human culture are reflected. Monuments of material culture are important as a reliable source in the detailed study of the lexical composition, which directly reflects the national and cultural traditions and history of our people. From this point of view, it is very necessary to observe the branches of applied art, which preserve and develop the examples of material and spiritual culture of our people, and to conduct scientific research of its lexicon. Linguistic research of the lexical layers of our language is very important in determining the laws of lexical semantic development. In fact, the lexicon is so closely related to non-linguistic facts such as history, culture, science, and the socio-economic development of the people that not taking them into account is forgetting one of the important sources and root causes of word meaning changes in scientific analysis. [2:17] The lexicon of applied arts is a component of the lexicon of professions, which is related to the art of decorating and patterning, architecture, carving. , includes the lexicon of professions and arts such as carpet making, painting, pottery, coppersmithing, jewelry, textiles, goldsmithing, hat making. Collecting and linguistic analysis of the lexicon of professions and art branches created on the basis of the creative work of our people over the centuries, elucidating the lexical layers of the Uzbek language, dialectology in the study of the history of the country, dictionaries in different languages, especially explanatory dictionaries It has theoretical and practical importance in making a horse. In Russian linguistics, the interest in studying professional lexicon started very early. But the first works on this topic consisted mainly of articles that had the character of counting a certain number of word terms related to a field and explaining their meanings. In addition, some terminological dictionaries were compiled based on AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 02, Issue 03, 2024 ISSN (E): 2993-2769 137 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us the collected factual materials. The scientific works of Professor B. A. Larin, L. V. Uspensky, devoted to the illumination of various aspects of the professional lexicon, were published. In 1936, the first special work of Professor F. P. Filin, dedicated to the linguistic analysis of the professional lexicon, entitled "Issledovanie lexiki russkikh govorov" was published. As for the study of professional vocabulary in Turkology, as well as in Uzbek linguistics, it has a relatively short history. The initial work in Uzbek linguistics in this regard consisted of collecting lexical materials specific to various professions and partially organizing and publishing them. S. Ibrohimov is a scientist who studied the lexicon of practical art in Uzbek linguistics, created a number of scientific research works under the name of the lexicon of professions, and launched his own school in this field.[3:7] He o In the work "Vocational Vocational Lexicon of Fergana Dialects" dedicated to the lexicon of the Uzbek language, he collects and analyzes the lexicon of practical arts such as coppersmithing, jewelry, pottery, and carpet making, as well as many other professions. . However, historical ethnographic data, professional history, description of the production process, glossary of words and terms, explanation of their meaning are given a little more space in this major research work. The work consists of 4 chapters. Chapter 1 presents the history of Fergana Valley metallurgy and the lexicon of metallurgy. Chapter 2 deals with the lexicon of each type of applied art. In particular, the types of patterns are divided into meaningful groups and analyzed as follows: 1. Names of patterns associated with plant leaves and flowers: leaf annos, leaf burgi, sardine flower, galakgul... 2. Types of islimi pattern: islimi afshon, islimi poya, islimi seba, islimi palm, islimi chorgul, islimi kavs... 3. Names of Madohili pattern elements: Madohili afghan, Madohili Daroz, Madohili Javsan, Madohili unique, Madohili sarfaroz... 4. Names of different patterns: argul, nightingale, almond, nyzagul, bayza pattern, hyacinth pattern, moon pattern, lulbon pattern, etc. In Uzbek linguistics, and even in Turkic studies, this research has an important scientific value as a first experiment. After that, this field attracted the attention of linguists and the interest in it increased. In particular, T. Tursunova wrote the book "Uzbek Language Applied Art Lexicon". In this work, the Uzbek professional lexicon and the lexicon of practical art, which is an integral part of it, are researched. Since the lexicon of practical art is a wide branch in the lexical system of our language, only two branches of applied art - the lexicon of carpet making and carpentry - have been linguistically analyzed. Uzbek linguistics also has its own tradition of studying vocational lexicon in connection with lexical materials of dialects. In this regard, scientific articles devoted to the lexicon of Ubek dialects, especially F. Abdullayev ("Khorazm dialects of the Uzbek language") and Sh. Shoabdurakhmanov's monographic works ("On the issues of studying the lexical composition of Uzbek dialects"), dialectal dictionaries are important. Among the researchers of the history of culture and art of Central Asia, M. S. Andreyev, B. V. Weimari, A. Felkerzam, M. F. Gavrilov, R. Karutts, A. A. Borbinsky, G. V. Grigorev, B. P. Danike, S. M. Dudin, A. A. Semyonov, V. Chepelev and others. in works of art history; E. M. Pesherova, O. A. Sukhareva, T. A. Dzhanko, Q. I. Antipina, A. K. Pisarchik, A. S. Morozova, V. G. Moshnova, R. Rassudova and others have terms related to carpet weaving and weaving found in the works of ethnography and art history [4:11]. AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 02, Issue 03, 2024 ISSN (E): 2993-2769 138 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us Carpet making, considered one of the leading branches of applied art, has a very ancient history. Many Russian and Uzbek scientists have conducted a number of research works related to the carpet industry. For example, N. Burdukov, one of the scientists who first studied the art of the peoples of Central Asia, writes: "Oriental carpet weaving is one of the oldest forms of artistic creation, and only women are engaged in it"[5:67]. Although European scientists have been interested in oriental carpet weaving for a long time, real scientific research on this branch of applied art began at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. In this regard, the album compiled on the basis of the collections collected by A.A. Bogabulov during his trip to Central Asia is noteworthy. A. A. Semyonov's "Carpets of Russian Turkestan", as well as S. Bulatov and M. Ashirova's "Brief Dictionary of Applied Art" are important for the history of the carpet-making of the peoples of Central Asia and the specific features of this art. . Analyzing the field of carpets from a linguistic point of view, we will directly focus on its lexicon. There are several words related to the art of carpet making in our language. In particular, S. Bulatov and M. Ashirova's book "Brief Dictionary of Practical Art" contains several words related to the art of carpet making. In the detailed study of lexical units that directly reflect the national-cultural traditions and history of our people, carpets, which are considered one of the monuments of material culture, are important as a reliable source. The lexical structure of each language is a huge treasure, it stores valuable information about the history of this nation. The origin, development, life and culture of the people are reflected in the lexicon. The lexicon of applied art is important in this. References: 1. Karimov A.I., Yuksak ma’naviyat – yengilmas kuch. -Toshkent, 2008. 2. Умифцева А., Опыт изучения лексики как системы. Москва, 1962. 3. Ibrohimov S., Farg‘ona shevalari kasb-hunar leksikasi. -Toshkent, 1956. 4. Tursunova T., O‘zbek tili amaliy san’at leksikasi. -Toshkent, 1978. 5. Bulatov B., O‘zbek xalq amaliy san’ati. -Toshkent 1982.