424 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 02, Issue 03, 2024 ISSN (E): 2993-2769 Supersegmental Possibilities of Pause in English and Uzbek Languages Yadgarova Zebiniso Tolibovna PhD student, Bukhara State University, Bukhara Abstract: In modern linguistics, phonopragmatics is a new branch that examines both segmental and suprasegmental units, such as intonation, stress, rhythm, and pauses, play a crucial role in conveying meaning and value in speech in both English and Uzbek languages. These elements are essential for expressing emotions, attitudes, emphasis, and other nuances in communication. The use of pauses is a key element of prosody, and speakers can use pauses to convey positive or negative implications in various language contexts. The author provides factual and analytical discussions on the use of pauses, comparing English and Uzbek languages. Keywords: segmental and suprasegmental elements of language, pause, speech norm, melody, long pause, short pause, function of pause, syntactic pause, emphatic pause, hesitation pause. INTRODUCTION In English and Uzbek languages, intonation patterns can indicate the speaker's emotional state, convey questions or statements, express surprise, or indicate sarcasm. For example, a rising intonation at the end of a sentence in English often indicates a question, while a falling intonation can convey certainty or finality. Stress and rhythm also contribute to the overall meaning and value of speech. In English, for instance, the placement of stress in words can change their meaning (e.g., "record" as a noun vs. "record" as a verb). Similarly, in Uzbek, stress patterns can differentiate between words with different meanings. Furthermore, the use of pauses is significant in both languages for signaling emphasis, indicating hesitation, or allowing for turn-taking in conversation. Pauses can also convey different types of information, such as indicating a list, signaling a change of topic, or creating dramatic effect. RЕSULTS АND DISСUSSIОN “Suprasegmental units –hard or soft tone, high or low, long or short, separation of speech fragments, musicality, stress dynamics, change of speech tempo, pauses and their types, speech norm, melody in literary pronunciation (euphony), sound symbolism, a phonetic synonymy, the emotional state of the speaker, the rhythmic and musical structure of the poem, and another factors help expressing the category of value in speech. Suprasegmental units provide tone in speech and they use together with segmental elements and provide quality of speech”1. A pause is a period of speech in which the articulation stops or as M.M.Mirtojiev explained, “A pause is acoustically the interruption of sound during a speech, while biologically it is the cessation of articulation. This is according to the method of hearing. The oscilloscope and similar instruments note that the sound did not stop during the pause, but continued to some extent. This is called a psychological pause. At this point, the speaker stops the speech, not the sound, as if looking for 1 Jamolkhonov H. Theoretical phonetics of the Uzbek language -Tashkent: Science, 2009. B. 167 425 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us its continuation»”2. He opposes L.R.Zinder’s the idea that «hesitation is a key element of the pause» and M.M.Mirtojiev believes that “hesitation is not characteristic of a formal pause”3. While M.I. Matusevich emphasizes that “pause is the basis for syntagmatic division”4, M.V.Panov analyzed the pronunciation of words in pauses. The quoted text provides a comprehensive overview of the role of suprasegmental units, particularly pauses, in speech. It highlights the various factors that contribute to the expression of value in speech, including tone, rhythm, stress dynamics, and emotional state. The description of a pause as an interruption of sound during speech, as well as its biological and psychological aspects, sheds light on the complexity of this suprasegmental element. The distinction between a formal pause and hesitation is also discussed, emphasizing that hesitation is not necessarily characteristic of a formal pause. Additionally, the idea that pauses form the basis for syntagmatic division and the analysis of word pronunciation in pauses further illustrates the significance of pauses in speech. The inclusion of works such as "Theoretical phonetics of the Uzbek language" by Jamolkhonov, "Uzbek language phonetics" by Mirtojiev, "Modern Russian Language. Phonetics" by Matusevich, and "Modern Russian Language. Phonetics" by Panov demonstrates a comprehensive exploration of the topic across different languages and linguistic contexts. The pause in speech can be categorized into three groups based on duration. First, there is a short pause (/) that serves to separate intonation groups and words within word combinations, such as "long / hair" or "high building." This type of pause helps to maintain the integrity of individual words, as it is known that a word is pronounced in one continuous movement without being divided by pauses. Second, there is a short pause at the end of a phrase (ʅ), as seen in examples like "Fiction books ʅare interesting ʅ" or "Саиданинг китоблари ʅжуда кўп." Lastly, a long pause (‖) is used between phrases or sentences, as illustrated by the excerpt from Jane Austen's "Sense and Sensibility": “Oh, Edward! How can you? -But the time will come. ‖ I hope ... ‖ I am sure ‖ you will like him.”and the dialogue from Ў.Ҳошимов's "Икки эшик ораси.": – Керакмас... ‖ –дедим йиғламсираб. –Дадам қачон келадила? ‖ This categorization highlights the various roles that pauses play in organizing and structuring spoken language. M.A.Sokolova divided function of pause into 3 groups: 1. syntactic pause; 2. emphatic pause; 3. hesitation pause. .In syntax, a pause serves to separate the syntactic units: speech, word combinations, intonation groups and to ensure their integrity. An emphatic pause is used to emphasize a word or phrase that conveys the main purpose of the speech. Some researchers have suggested that when a speaker hesitates to express an opinion, he may have no idea of the listener's reaction, or he may hesitate to concentrate. Usually at this point, the speakers rest in the speech by making various nonsensical sounds, gather their thoughts, or come to a conclusion and continue the speech. Such sounds we include in English / ɛ, r, ə, ӕ, m /9, and in Uzbek / i, u, y, x, m /5. CONCLUSION Humans utilize phonetic elements to construct mental images, personalities, and archetypes in their language. What's particularly intriguing is that individuals have the ability to employ phonetic techniques to suit the style they desire based on its purpose. Consequently, phonetic techniques are just as crucial as words, which serve as the primary building blocks of human 2 Mirtojiev M.M. Uzbek language phonetics –Science,2013. –P. 17 3 Mirtojiev M.M. Uzbek language phonetics –Science,2013. –P. 17 4 Matusevich M.I. Modern Russian Language. Phonetics. –Moscow: Prosveshenie, 1976. –P. 232 5 Sokolova M.A. Theoretical English Phonetics. –Dubna: Feniks, 2010. –С. 144. 426 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us speech. These phonetic techniques are often likened to the attire of human speech. 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