674 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 02, Issue 03, 2024 ISSN (E): 2993-2769 Ways of Improving the Organizational and Economic Mechanism for Increasing the Economic Efficiency of Fruit and Vegetables Odiljon Shermatov A’zamjonovich Associate Professor of Department of Economics, Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies, Ph.D. Abdusalomov Samandar Azizbekovich Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agricultural Technologies, 3rd year student of the Faculty of Economics Abstract: The article analyzes the factors of further development and economic efficiency of the system of providing the population of our country with food, including fruits and vegetables, based on improving the organizational and economic mechanism of the horticulture system. Keywords: economic mechanism, organizational mechanism, economic mechanism, organizational and economic mechanism, agriculture, food security, horticultural system, farming, market infrastructure. INTRODUCTION. In today's economy, the development of food strategies aimed at increasing the volume of production and protecting the consumer market is considered one of the most important scientific studies not only in the country, but also in the world. Because currently, more than 900 million people in the world, that is, one out of every nine people, are undernourished, and more than 30 percent of the population of the planet is facing the problem of undernourishment. According to statistical data, the rate of population growth of our country is 1.9 percent per year. More than 2000 babies are born in our country in one da. On this basis, further improvement of food strategies implemented in the sector is required. It is known that in the implemented food strategies, the stability of providing the population with fruits and vegetables is of particular importance. Therefore, it is an urgent issue to ensure food safety on the basis of research and effective implementation of new innovative possibilities of increasing the volume of production of fruit and vegetable products per capita in accordance with the medical standard. LITERATURE ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY. Theoretical and practical aspects of the development of the fruit and vegetable growing system, problems of analyzing the formation of organizational and economic mechanisms in fruit and vegetable growing enterprises O. A. Gorb, E.A. Suslov, Dr. William Kurtz, Nazranov Kh.M., V.Z.Mazloev, N.R.Kurkina, I.T.Farnieva, Storage John W. Bartok, Pesticide Division, K. John Holmes and other foreign researchers were reflected in their research. In our country, Q.A. Choriev, S.S. Gulomov, F.K. Nazarova, F.T. Egamberdiev, S.R. Umarov, O.T. Jumaev, O.G. Dilmurodov, Z.A. Agricultural economists such as Sagdillaeva, D.N. Saidova, S.T. Iskandarov, Kh. Khushvaktova, Sh. Murodov, S. Eshmatov, O. Sattorov, N. Ashurmetova, O. Norbekov, F. Polvonov carried out scientific research carried out. Concepts such as "economic mechanism", "organizational mechanism", "market mechanism" have been widely used in scientific literature in recent years. Also, the authors have been giving 675 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us definitions to these concepts in different meanings and contents. Considering the issue of the meaning of the concept of "mechanism" in economic research, the economist O. A. Gorb justified the following distinguishing features of the concept of "economic mechanism". For example, "a mechanism cannot exist without a process, because it is a component of the process and is intended only to perform the functions of the process". The organizational-economic mechanism is considered a multifaceted economic category and has not had a single meaning in the economic literature. In particular, organizational-economic mechanism is a widely used concept that shows the state or sequence of systems, the order of systematization and orientation of economic activity. It should include the mechanisms that regulate the economic activity of enterprises: planning, organization, promotion, control, assessment, financing, lending, accounting and internal audit and financial actions. In our opinion, the organizational-economic mechanism is a combination of the interconnection of market segments determined by the balance of demand and supply in the market and the characteristics of producers from production to the market. If we look at the constituents of the organizational-economic mechanism as any management system, a number of main elements can be noted: that is, the subject and object realized in the form of mechanism instruments; goals and objectives; performance criteria; resources; management methods or styles. The following methods are usually used in the formation of the organizational-economic mechanism: experimental testing, observation, economic-mathematical modeling, imitation (simulation, imitative), etc.. RESULTS. On the basis of improving the organizational and economic mechanisms of the fruit and vegetable growing system in our country, special attention is being paid to mutual integration of the processes of production, processing, storage, service and sale (export), development of clusters in this system. In particular, the system's state support mechanism is successfully implemented. In particular, on January 18, 2024, the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PF-15 "On additional measures to improve the procedure for leasing agricultural land plots" was adopted. According to this decree, it is now possible to lease agricultural land for a period of up to 30 years through electronic online auctions. In these processes, the emergence of new farms, individual farms specializing in horticulture and vegetable growing will create an opportunity to further increase the volume of production of fruit and vegetable products in our country. On February 12, 2024, under the chairmanship of President Shavkat Mirziyoev, a selector was held on the problems in the field of agriculture. In this selector, the President gave a task to popularize compact greenhouses heated without fuel, focusing on the vegetable growing system. Today, it was noted that "construction of compact greenhouses heated without fuel is becoming popular, 308 hectares of compact greenhouses with felt mats have been built in our country, and tasks have been set to increase these greenhouses by 10-20 times." This mechanism creates an opportunity to optimally meet the demand of the population for vegetable products in different seasons. DISCUSSION. Studies show that there are a number of problems and shortcomings in the issues of sustainable growth of fruit and vegetable production, efficient use of land. Therefore, issues such as implementation of specific structural changes and consistent development of fruit and vegetable cultivation, further strengthening of food security of the country, expanding the production of environmentally friendly products, significantly increasing the export potential in the field are considered priority tasks. We considered it appropriate to consider this issue on the example of Andijan region, which is located in only one percent of the country's land area and where about 10 percent of the country's population lives. According to statistics, today the population of Andijan region has increased to 3,400,000 people, and the average number of people per square kilometer is 789.4. This indicator is an 676 Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us average of 74 people in the Republic. There are 201,026 hectares of irrigated arable land in the province, of which 28,836 hectares are orchards and vineyards, and 10,041 hectares are vegetables. According to the data of the Andijan Region Department of Agriculture, 65.5 percent of the fruit grown in the region in 2023 will be contributed by farmers, 33.1 percent by farms, and 1.4 percent by other organizations engaged in agricultural activities. In 2023, 58.4 percent of the vegetable products grown in the region will be contributed by farmers, 38.1 percent by farms, and 3.5 percent by other organizations engaged in agricultural activities. In conclusion, the results of the analysis of the contribution of economic categories in the cultivation of fruits and vegetables in the region show that among the factors affecting the efficiency of fruit and vegetable cultivation, property ownership and its effective use are considered to be the most important factors. Because, in small farms, the property owner works in the mood of "my property". Research shows that as the entity grows, the process of changing from "my property" to "our property" is observed in these relations. What are the efficiency indicators in both cases? it is also visible in the analysis of indicators. CONCLUSION. Based on the results of scientific research on the improvement of organizational and economic mechanisms in the system of fruit and vegetable production, we offer the following in order to increase production in the field, to improve the quality of the product to the level of today's demand, and to raise the economic efficiency in this field to the optimal level:  We offer to create small farms of up to 5 hectares in the field of fruit and vegetable growing. This requires the redistribution of the land of agricultural enterprises in this direction, which do not have working family members (currently, there are many farmers specializing in fruit and vegetable growing), and in most cases, they use hired labor rather than the labor of family members. What's so good about it?:  the peasant works earnestly on his land for personal gain;  fermer thinks carefully about what to grow on the land he owns;  calculates the product he plans to grow;  studies the market;  strives for innovation;  strives to have many and high-quality products, etc. Today, only 15% of the fruits and vegetables grown in our country are processed. This has a negative impact on the interest of fruit and vegetable growers. On this basis, we propose to develop the activities of the cluster system of the formation of the added value chain in the fruit and vegetable growing system. We believe that it is necessary to further improve the supply of qualified personnel in the current economy, where innovations are rapidly entering the industry and human capital is developing. Because the effectiveness of today's innovations is in most cases related to the skilled workforce. Literatures 1. G orb O.A., Yasnolob I.A., Protsiuk N.Y. 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