409 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 02, Issue 04, 2024 ISSN (E): 2993-2769 REPRESENTATION OF THE VALUE SEMAS IN LEXEMES Erkinova Markhobo Gayrat kizi Tashkent State University of Uzbek Language and Literature named after Alisher Navoi teacher erkinovamarhabo1@gmail.com Abstract. The article reflects on the expression of the evaluation SEMAS in the content aspect of the lexeme. Grade SEMAS lexemes: noun lexemes, adjective lexemes, and verb lexemes; grammatical suffixes have served to represent a positive, negative, or neutral grade relationship. Key words: evaluation SEMAS, negative meaning, positive meaning, neutral meaning, content field, noun lexemes, adjective lexeme, verb lexeme, field theory. Introduction Regarding the content aspect of the lexeme, the primary phenomenon is lexical meaning. The evaluation semen is mostly conveyed through three distinct methods: 1) employing a morpheme; 2) utilizing the lexeme itself; 3) relying on context. The act of representing the evaluation of a System for Evaluating Morphological Analysis (SEMA) using a morpheme is referred to as morphological expression. In contemporary Uzbek language, suffixes such as -cha, -gina, -jon, -choq, -chak are used to execute the role of indicating caress or shrinking. These morphemes are used to convey a favorable disposition. For example: Bo‘riхon do‘mboqqina bola bo‘lgan edi. Uni yomon ko‘zdan asrasin, deb kiyimlariga tumor-u ko‘zmunchoqlar taqib qo‘yardi. While such suffixes are mostly used in a positive sense, they can sometimes have a negative meaning in context. As an example, Kecha meni shundoq so‘kdi, shundoq so‘kdi, yigitgina o‘lgur! Onamni so‘kdi-ya, bo‘yniginang go‘rda chirigur. (O‘. H) In this passage, the repeated use of the so‘kdi, lexeme, the-ya emphasis loads, served to further increase the negative evaluation SEMAS. through tools such as -gina caress-shrinkage supplement, o‘lgur, bo‘yniginang go‘rda chirigur cracklings, and the-gur affix they contain, it can be seen that the negative meaning in the text is evident. In addition to the meaning of diminishing, the affix-cha also represents a negative meaning, such as caressing, humiliation, showing, along with respect, influenced by other tools in the text. Ko‘chadan bir qizcha chopqilab o‘tdi. Sizni esli-hushli yigitcha deb o‘ylardim. Sal o‘pkangizni bosib oling, yigitcha! In this passage, the respectful as well as the causative meaning of the single-cha affix is applied in different sense grade in the same word. In the content aspect of the lexeme, in addition to naming the reality, the attitude to the reality being named is also expressed. The attitude of assessment has different aspects and is understood mailto:erkinovamarhabo1@gmail.com 410 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us as connections that are determined by connecting with a separate sphere of human activity.1 Lexical units represent positive, negative or neutral meaning in a particular assessment attitude in terms of the essence of the content. When the value SEMA is represented by the lexeme itself, it is called lexical expression. In this case, the evaluation SEMAS are seen Open in the semantic relationship between the lexemes . 2 For example, the lexemes of aql, es, miya, bosh, kalla the ability of a person to think, to know forms a meaningful field. in its application in context, the negative or positive meaning is differentiated in terms of representing the grade. In the Kalla lexeme, the grade of negative meaning is more understood. For example: Kallang ishlaydimi, uka! Tochniy adresga balo bormi? Ertaga butun mahallang, qarindosh- urug‘ing uyingga yopirilib kirsa, yutgan mashinang qani, desa nima. ... Xunobim oshdi. (Said Ahmad) The utilization of lexical categories in the representation of the value SEMAS is evident in a novel linguistic challenge. As an illustration: The noun phrase category is used to indicate the designation of an individual or object. This greatly aids in the creation of high-quality SEMAS. Occasionally, we observe instances where the text employs words with negative connotations to convey a positive message. For instance, the thief, known as kissavur, possesses lexemes that are negatively evaluated SEMAS in the individual's noun, which reproduces among people. However G.Ghulam's narrative " Mening o‘g‘rigina bolam," the word "thief" conveys a negative judgment attitude. The sentence conveys a happy mood within a certain setting, conveyed through the use of the exclamation "hoy", the word "aylanay ", and the prefix "-gina". — Hoy, aylanay, o‘g‘rigina bolam, boshimda shunday musibat turganda ko‘zimga uyqu keladimi? Mana: olti oy bo‘ldi, biror soat mijja qoqib uxlaganim yo‘q. Xizmatkor, xizmatchi, malay are somebody who work under the employment of another person. The term refers to an evaluation or assessment that carries a neutral connotation. Within the given situation, a critical assessment. The root form of the word "malay" can be found in a straightforward and informal manner of language. It is frequently used to describe a servant who is younger in age. Kenja isyon ko‘taradi: "Nima, men hammalaringga uri-churi malaymanmi?!" Aytgan gapining ma'nosini ko‘pam o‘ylayvermaydigan soddadil Sobir akasi Kenjaga o‘shqiradi: "Tayyor loyni zambilga solish ham ishmi! Nouns that refer to object names also convey various evaluative meanings when used alongside other nouns in the text. Lexemes such Kayfiyat, kayf, avzo are used to convey the idea of mental state. This content area is categorized based on positive or negative SEMAS (Semantic Analysis). The primary function of mood in language is to convey a favorable evaluation, while avzo is used to convey a negative assessment. In the semantic aspect of the lexeme, besides denoting the actual object or concept, it also conveys the speaker's attitude towards the object or concept being referred to. An assessment refers to the speaker's evaluation of an object or state, indicating whether their attitude is positive or negative.3 The term "grade" is more frequently used in lexemes that refer to a person's character. The qualities of Ayyor, mug‘ombir, hiylagar, quv, ustamon, makkor, dog‘uli are deceived, distracted, combined under the skillful content field, which solves any case in its favor. These 1 Санаева И.В.Аксиологический аспект языковой картины мира в романе Л.Н.Толстого «Война и мир» (дихотомия «добро – зло»).Автореф.канд.филол.наук.-Калининград, 2007,стр.10.,25.С. 2 Раҳматуллаев Ш. Ҳозирги адабий ўзбек тили, -Т., 2010, 56-б. 3 Лукянова Н.А.Соотнашение понятие экспрессивность, эмоциональность, оценочность. Новосибирск:НГУ,1979,с.6. 411 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us words vary in terms of the level of power or weakness of the character. In the word "Mug‘ombir," the character level is relatively feeble in comparison to the shrewdness of the word. In the word Quv, the character's level is higher. The original noun is classified inside the word ca tegory. Shayton, tulki, tullak, qirraq lexemes represent a certain characteristic in the given context, creating a content domain with the terms mentioned above, indicating "the clever person who has taken action". When used in a state that is unrelated to their usual context, the phrases Tulki, tullak, qirraq have a neutral connotation. Tulki is a term used to describe the rotation of a wild animal, tullak a old poultry. Occasionally, the noun phrase category fulfills a role that is specific to adjectives. O‘zi ham ish ko‘rgan tullak emasmi, endi bu og‘ir holatdan ustalik bilan chiqib ketadi. Yana u Mirzakarimboy xonadoniga boshliq bo‘lib kekkaysin… boylikning nishobini o‘z tomoniga to‘g‘irlasin!.. U juda shayton xotin (Oybek) Chol soqolini timiskilab: “Ehtiyot bo‘ling u (Qo‘qonboy) juda tulki odam, kattaroq shikast yetkazmasin”, –said (Mirmuhsin). Qorni bo‘g‘oz sigirlarnikidek o‘bdon eshilganlikdan yonidagi yostiqqa Mulla Muhsinning bo‘sh turgan yostig‘ini ham zamlab yondamasiga cho‘kib oldi (A. Kodiriy). The adjective used in the text's syllable served to convey a negative evaluative stance towards the thing. Enhanced emotional expression in the text. When we speak, it is rather easy to explain our evaluation of SEMAS using adjectives that describe the circumstance. These adjectives depict many states of humans, animals, and objects. As an illustration: Ammo kechagina qishloqda yashab yurib, bu-uncha joylar bilan quda-anda bo‘laman deb o‘ylamagan akaning boshi garang edi (Sobir O‘nar). The adjective "Garang" used in this literature conveys a pessimistic evaluation of an individual's mental condition. In the poem, the author describes the ear being severed in a metaphorical sense rather than a literal sense, conveying a profound sense of significance and uncertainty. The verb word category, often known as the verb category, is the most frequently utilized category in the text. Its primary function is to indicate or denote actions or states. Verb lexemes refer to the actions performed by individuals or subjects. Verb lexemes function as the final element in an idea. Consequently, the significance linked to the behavior, condition, and other attributes of an individual will be expressed using verb words. The verb is regarded as the most dynamic part of speech and holds a pivotal role in sentence formation. S.D.Cantelson contends that in the realm of semantics, verb predicates encompass a wider range of meanings than just plain lexical meanings. Verb predicates not only convey a specific lexical meaning but also inherently indicate the future sentence structure. Verb predicates possess specific "unfilled slots" but also adhere to a particular semantic framework in terms of their content.4 In contemporary Uzbek linguistics, field theory has emerged as a distinct linguistic approach, with a primary emphasis on the lexical level rather than other levels.5 If we view the verb lexemes connected with an individual as a unified system, it is possible to divide them into two distinct groups: one that is neutral in nature, and another that is specifically used for assessment purposes. The lexemes of verbs that indicate grade form a distinct category. Consequently, the semantic domains that indicate an individual's disposition towards other people will be more abundant and 4 Нурмонов А. Танланган асарлар. 1-жилд,- Т.,2012, 345-б. 5 5 Искандарова Ш.Ўзбек тили лексикасини мазмуний майдон сифатида ўрганиш (Шахс микромайдони): Филол... фанлари д - ри ... дис. автореф. - Т.г 1999; Собиров А.Ш. Ўзбек тилининг лексик сатҳини система сифатида тадқиқ этиш: Филол... фан. док.- ри ... дис. автореф. - Т., 2005; Ҳожиева Ҳ.Я. Ўзбек тилида ҳурмат майдони ва унинг лисоний - нутқий хусусиятлари: Филол. Фан. номзоди ... дис. автореф. - Самарканд, 2001. 412 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us extensive compared to other domains.6 There is currently no commonly acknowledged system for categorizing the meaning of verbs in the field of linguistics.7 Classifications vary based on several principles, such as denotation, paradigm, and syntagmatic aspects.From a paradigmatic perspective, a verb is categorized based on a consistent and unchanging meaning. Therefore, verbs are assigned action, state, feature, and attitude.8 According to B. Qambarov's research on "assessment attitude and its expression in Uzbek," verb lexemes that convey personality assessment can be categorized into seven types based on their role in expressing an assessment relationship between individuals. These are verb lexemes that denote the overall situation of an individual, including physical actions, speech, perception, thoughts, mental state, and economic status.Verbs that pertain to mental and psychological activity, and that reflect a person's state, are also seen important in reflecting an individual's evaluation. Muncha irjayasan? Yaya, Fosih afandi boʻlsa.. qora duldul ustida kuydirgan kalladay irjayib oʻtirar edi (M. Ismoiliy). The-gur form of the verb involved in the formation of units expressing positive desire serves to express a positive assessment attitude. For example: Tanchaga o‘tira qol, ha, omon bo‘lgur-a, shunday kelaverganingni qara. – Risolat kampir Anvarni xuddi go‘dakni avaylaganday tanchaga o‘tqazdi (T.Malik). Conclusion Lexemes refer to words that are connected to the content itself, and these words will have varying semantic evaluations. Lexemes that inherently possess neutral, positive, or negative connotations can be conveyed by various semantic representations (SEMAS), aided by additional textual tools. Reference 1. Богданов В.В.Семантико-синтаксическая организация предложения; Чаиф У.Л.Значение илтимоснома структура языка. –М.,1979. 2. Iskandarova Sh.Oʼzbek tili leksikasini mazmuniy maydon sifatida oʼrganish (Shaxs mikromaydoni): Filol... fanlari d - ri ... dis. avtoref. – T., 1999. 3. Лукянова Н.А.Соотнашение понятие экспрессивность, эмоциональность, оценочность. – Новосибирск:НГУ,1979. 4. Nurmonov А. Tanlangan asarlar. 1-jild, – T.,2012. 5. Rahmatullaev Sh. Hozirgi adabiy oʼzbek tili, – T., 2010. 6. Санаева И.В.Аксиологический аспект языковой картины мира в романе Л.Н.Толстого «Война и мир» (дихотомия «добро – зло»).Автореф.канд.филол.наук. – Калининград, 2007. 7. Sobirov А.Sh.O‘zbek tilining leksik sathini sistemalar sistemasi tamoyili asosida tadqiq qilish. — T.: Maʼnaviyat, 2004. 6 Собиров А.Ш.Ўзбек тилининг лексик сатҳини системалар система си тамойили асосида тадқиқ қилиш. — Т.: Маънавият, 2004. —Б. 107. 7 Нурмонов А. Танланган асарлар. 1-жилд,- Т.,2012, 345-б. 8 Богданов В.В.Семантико-синтаксическая организация предложения; Чаиф У.Л.Значение илтимоснома структура языка. – М.,1979. –С.116-120; Сильниций Г.Г. Семантические типы ситуаций илтимоснома семантические класси глаголов// Проблемы структурной лингвистики. –М., 1973. С.373-390; Нурмонов А. Танланган асарлар. 1-жилд,- Т.,2012, 345-б.