213 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 02, Issue 06, 2024 ISSN (E): 2993-2769 Development Prospects of the Art of Dance Valijonova Sugdiyona UzDSMI FMF "Leader of Choreography Teams" student of the department Abstract. As we all know, the world of art is priceless with its diversity. In particular, the world of "dance", which is considered a symbol of elegance and beauty, is developing day by day, and the development of the field is reaching high peaks. The charm and uniqueness of the art of dance has given special pleasure to art lovers in all eras. However, the art of dance has gone through a long path of development, oppression and restrictions until it became what it is today. It was polished in different ways in different periods and manifested in different forms. This article also talks about the stages of historical development of the art of "dance", the achievements made over the years and some shortcomings. Key words: Avesta, dance art, antiquity, culture. The history of dance art is one of the most ancient forms of art. However, ancient dances were in a form that does not correspond to our modern understanding of dance. Because, in the early times of human existence, people used to communicate with each other through actions that express dance. Through this process, they tried to express their mood and state of mind. Dance is important in all aspects of human life. We know from historical data that in ancient times, people interpreted natural phenomena in a mythical way. For example, they understood phenomena such as sunrise, rain, lightning, fire, and water as a force representing good or evil. We can understand these natural wonders and various events that they expressed in the form of pantomime, from the historical book of Avesta and through vivid images reflected on ancient rocks. The meaning of such dances mainly expressed labor processes, hunting events and various animal movements. Before the hunting process, they danced to pray for a lucky hunt and rain for abundant harvest. Thus, dances expressing people's way of life, work processes, customs and traditions were formed. Such dances are still preserved as a value in some regions of the world. The art of dance has always been connected with people's way of life, living conditions and regional customs. Therefore, wherever the first dance appeared, it shows the character and spiritual world of the people there. Ancient dances were completely different from modern dances. They mainly represented weddings, folk festivals, and military affairs. The dancer expressed the rhythm of the music with his hands and feet. Later, musical instruments, wooden sandals, and castanets were used in the performance of dances. By the time of the Middle Ages, the art of dance as a certain art form took its rightful place in the composition of public holidays, comedy shows and theaters. New domestic dances began to appear. Such dances became widespread, mainly in the noble stratum of the population, and began to be performed in palaces. Later, elements of pantomime, declamation and songs in a new interpretation were enriched. Below we give information about the first roots of the art of dance: In the East, the art of dance began to develop in the 5th, 6th, and 7th centuries. It became a part of pantomime and various folk performances in China and India. In India, dance developed in connection with other forms of art - singing, music, poetry and theater. Indian classical dance 214 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us basically has four distinct directions. These are: "Bharata Natya", "Katkhakali", "Katkhat", "Manipuri". "Bharata Natya" is a form of dance that has been well preserved for centuries and is the dance form of Madras and Mysore regions of southern India. Indian sage Bharat wrote about this dance in his work called "Bharata Natya shastra". Since the 18th century, the dance traditions have been mainly preserved by the generation of Pillai. This dance direction consists of several parts, and in the "Jathiswaram" part, the musician's complex rhythmic techniques are accompanied by the sound of bells worn on the dancer's feet. "Charanam", "Padam", and "Varna" parts are performed through songs about love, and its meaning is revealed with facial expressions and gestures. "Tillana" is the final part and is a religious hymn. The dance direction "Katkhali" is legendary and is performed in the form of a pantomime. It developed mainly in Malabar in the XV-XVI centuries. This dance expresses the meaning of the song being performed. "Kathak" is a North Indian dance that was created as a result of the fusion of Muslim and Indian cultures. Common in Lucknow, Jaipurwa and Lahore areas. "Manipuri" dance direction is performed in a fun and joyful way, and it is from the north-east of India originated in Manipur. The place of dance masters like Uday Shankar, Ram Gopal, Menaka is incomparable in the development of modern Indian dances. The history of the art of dance in China is known from the ancient hieroglyphs dating back to the second millennium BC. During the Chjoy era, many dance masters created and the art was widely developed. Influenced by the development of European classical ballet in the 20s of the 20th century, ballet art began to develop in China in the 50s. It is possible to admit that the roots of art had sprouted in ancient Egypt in the early days. The dance of astronomical priests was popular among them. This dance expressed meanings such as finding the secret of the stars and predicting fate. Every movement in the dance has its own meaning. For example, the performers first moved from east to west, representing the movement of the sky, and then moved from west to east, depicting a living planet. The art of dance was highly recognized in ancient Egypt. Based on the geographical location of Egypt, its culture and art were polished in its own direction without the interference of the culture and art of other nations. That is why Egyptian dances are not similar to dance styles of other nations. Egyptians are very fond of rejoicing, weddings and spectacles, no holiday would be complete without music and solemn dances. There are also ceremonial dances in Egypt, where the dances were performed through the funeral procession after the mummified deceased was placed in a casket with drawings. This process was reflected as follows: "under the prolonged sounds of the trumpets, the impersonators dressed in long transparent yellow tunics performed very severe gestures of grief, screamed and cried, pulled their hair, and raised their hands with their palms facing upwards as if praying. , depicted the position of the embalmed corpse in a folded way.2 Also in ancient Egypt there was a "Festival of Mangulik". This festival was celebrated in honor of the deceased by dancing in front of his paintings. The dance was mainly performed by women from among the relatives of the deceased. Through this, they tried to give joy and happiness to the deceased as during his lifetime. There were many such festivals and dances in ancient Egypt. Most of the population could dance skillfully. This is important in the development of dance art. That is why ancient Egyptian civilization can be recognized as the homeland of eastern civilization. Ancient Greek culture is also very important in the perspective of dance art. Greek dances are mainly divided into traditional, religious, ceremonial, ritual, military, theatrical, social and household types. According to historical data, religious dances were brought from Egypt to Greece by Orpheus. Orpheus had seen such dances at the temple festivals of the Egyptians. The dances were performed to the tunes of "Lira" music. In most cases, dances are dedicated to gods such as Athena, Aphrodite, and Dionysus. Military dances are mainly common among young people and teenagers, and these dances are considered an important factor in raising feelings of bravery, bravery, patriotism, and duty in them. Also, military dances are divided into public and ordinary types, ordinary military dance is performed by two people, and public stage battles, martial exercises, complex choreographic comedies are organized. Dancers came on stage with weapons such as bows, arrows, shields, torches, swords, and spears. The content of the performance reflects the legends about the life of the heroes. 215 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us Etruscan dances were distinguished by their diversity. Compositionally complete scenes, pantomimes are shown. Cicero and Horace gave detailed information about these dances in their treatises. The Greeks considered the art of dance to have a divine origin. According to Lucian, the "great mother of the gods" - the mother of Zeus - Rhea was the legendary ancestor of the dance. Other experts who study myths want to see the origin of dance in the myth of Orpheus. According to him, Orpheus brought it from Egypt to Greece, but in any case, "dance is as old as Amur, the oldest of the gods," writes Lucian. Ancient Greek dance expressed imitation more than any other art. That is why dances are closely related to mime. Also, orchestral science, which is a part of philosophical sciences, is connected to dance, which teenagers studied in gymnasiums along with gymnastics, poetry and philosophy. All parts of the population were equally interested in dancing, and not only specialists, but also ordinary people knew how to dance. It is possible to imagine how high the attitude towards dance was in the society from the fact that even famous people like Aeschylus, Socophles, and Socrates took part in the dances. Also in Ancient Greece We can learn about the special attention paid to the art of dancing by the artistic requirements for the "Khorovod leader": in this case, the "Khorovod leader" had to master all the disciplines of that time. They had to know rhythm and music to give dimension to their movements, geometry to build them, philosophy and rhetoric to describe the dishes, and to invent dance situations and groups, and to know the work of painters and sculptors. Thus, in Ancient Greece there were dances of different and different meanings, that is, from simple to complex. All the estimated 2000 existing choreographic performances can be divided into 5 groups: 1. Civil; 2. Stage; 3. Ceremonial; 4. Sacred. In ancient Greece, such ancient dances were considered a very complex and conditional art. As our social life developed, the art of dance, like other art fields, became richer day by day, and its character and themes changed. Labor dances were performed in a special interpretation as a new vital need, dances that give people spiritual support, joy and pleasure. For example: "Cotton", "Cocoon" in Uzbeks, "Thread Spinner" in Russians, "Harvest" in Ukrainians, "Grape Harvest" in Moldovans, "Fishermen" in Koreans, etc. The territory of our country became an important cultural center during the reign of Amir Temur in the XIV-XV centuries. As a result of the organization of folk fairs and holidays, public square dances appeared. In the beautiful gardens of the capital city of Samarkand, palace receptions and festive events were held, and folk games and dances were often organized, which became important in the development of the industry. In his memoirs, the historian Claviho also gave information about the beautiful and unique dances performed on these holidays. Also, Usta Olim Komilov, Tamarakhonim, Mukarrama Turg 'unboyeva, Yusufjon Qiziq Shakarjonov, Isokhor have contributed to the unique appearance of the Uzbek national dance art today and its worthy place among the masterpieces of world art. Special recognition should be given to Okilov, Roziya Karimova and their students. Preservation of the rich creative heritage, which was created on the basis of their hard work and is important in the development of the art of dance, further promotion among the lovers of the art of dance, and passing it on to the next generation in a proper way is the responsibility of everyone in the world of art today. it is an honorable duty of creators. In conclusion, it is worth saying that the prospects of the development of the invaluable art of dance, which we all love to perform, include such long periods. It had different directions and forms until it became known to all of us. Today, not only in our country, but also in the whole world, the development of dance art is high as a result of special attention to dance art, international festivals dedicated to dance art (for example: International "Lazgi" dance festival), wide public events. is 216 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us conquering the peaks. As a result of such attention and wide opportunities, the art of dance is developing day by day, showing new aspects and moving towards higher prospects! Used literature and sources: 1. M. Mukhamedova, "History of World and Uzbek Choreography Art" textbook, - T.; "Fan Ziyosi" Publishing House, 2021. Page 196. 2. Dance. Study guide. / N.E. Abraykulova: Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan, State Institute of Art and Culture of Uzbekistan. - T.: "Turon-Iqbal", 2018. - 156 p. 3. E. Y. Saitova, N. E. Abraykulova. Basics of choreography and dance art. - T.: "Science and Technology", 2015, 128 pages. 4. R. Dosmetova N. Abraykulova Dance textbook - T.: "Barkamol fayz media", 2017, 160 pages. 5. Basics of dance art [Text]: study guide / N. Abraykulova. - Tashkent: "Donishmand Ziyasi", 2023. - 128 pages. 6. A collection of materials of the student traditional scientific-practical conference "Development of national dance and choreography art: traditionalism and innovation".