261 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 02, Issue 06, 2024 ISSN (E): 2993-2769 Synonymy of Conditional Meaning in Uzbek Literary Language Safarov Firuz Sulaymonovich Doctoral student (DSc) of Bukhara State University, Uzbekistan Abstract. The article analyzes the semantics of conditional means in the Uzbek literary language. The expression of the meaning of the condition in speech (sentence, text) with one, two or three means is explained. Forms denoting the meaning of the condition in a favorable context express the terms of the present, past, and future tenses, clarify or strengthen these terms in a clarifying context, and change the paradigmatic nature of these forms in an unfavorable context. Attention is also paid to the use of the auxiliary word (agar) denoting the condition. Key words: conditional meaning, auxiliary word and adverbial meaning, denotative feature of semantic means, connotative feature of semantic means, change of paradigmatic feature of conditional means. INTRODUCTION In the Uzbek literary language, the condition is expressed by the forms of conditional-desire -sa, - gan, -yang, -adigan, and the suffix -ganda agar, mabodo, bordi-yu, basharti, magar (if, in case, unless) emphasized by means of auxiliary words. -sa form is formed from the stem or base of the verb and the suffix -sa. Its content, in other words, its paradigmatic nature, consists of present and future themes. First of all, the suffix -sa expresses the condition in a convenient context. Prof. As written by A. Ghulomov, the conditional meaning appears when the accent falls on the syllable preceding the suffix -sa [1, 422]. So, -sa is neutral to this frame and its determination level is +/‒. At the same time, the context is divided into two parts, since the conditional tense indicates incompleteness in content. In the first part, the condition is expressed with the help of emphasis. In the second part, a tool is used that expresses the result of the action (condition) it means. Therefore, the context consists of at least two verbs. Therefore, it is necessary to start the analysis from a two-part context. Such a sentence is a convenient context, and the suffix - sa also serves to connect its parts. Since the linking function is considered a syntactic feature, the syntactic feature of this form can be called a relation. Even when the context is unfavorable and the conditional scheme recedes, the syntactic feature is manifested. Taking this into account, we mark its degree of determination with a + sign. In addition, in the form -sa, there is also a neutral attitude to the present and future tenses along with the conditional tense. Accordingly, these themes are also displayed using a convenient tool. If convenience is not understood from the root or base of the verb, the tense is expressed using another tool. In this case, the context expands and contains three or more words. Taking this into account, below, we will analyze the form of sa in a favorable, then clarifying, and then unfavorable context. According to the condition scheme of the sa form, it appears in a convenient context, and according to its size, it appears in a micro-context (following clause). In addition to the emphasis on the expression of the condition, the content of the introductory sentence also creates comfort. The smallest microcontext suitable for the conditional meaning consists of two verbs as mentioned above: Yugursa yetadi. – Runs enough. (S. Akhmad, Ufq, 369) In this example, the emphasis on the expression of the conditional meaning of the form -sa and the content of the main 262 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us clause, i.e. the meaning of the result related to this condition, made it easier. In the sentence, together with the conditional tense, the future tense tense is shown. The expression of this sema was facilitated by the dictionary meaning of the verb root (yugur), i.e., the infinitive of this verb. Since the -sa form is in the third person, it also served as an indicator of the categories of person, number and respect. Therefore, the suffix -sa has a neutral attitude towards respect. Since the given example is a neutral context for the syntactic feature (attitude) of the suffix -sa, this feature was manifested without hindrance, i.e. -sa served to connect the first part of the mirocontext to the second part. In other words, -sa performed the function of connecting. The writer saved the comma, taking into account that the suffix -sa is a conjunction. In the first part of the micro-context, since it is not intended to emphasize the meaning of the condition, the word if is not intended to emphasize the subject, so the possessive noun or pronoun is saved. In the second part, the word denoting the subject and the complement are saved. THE MAIN PART The -sa form can also be used in a clarifying context when expressing a condition. In this context, the condition is strengthened and emphasized. For this purpose, the auxiliary words agar, mabodo, basharti, bordi-yu, magar are used in the sentence together with -sa, which strengthen the condition. These words are mutually synonymous, and the main word agar is often used in relation to others. These auxiliary words differ from each other in their relationship to style and their meaning. "Agar, mabodo the use of sacred words is not limited by speech styles, they are also used in oral speech. The word bordi-yu is more typical of colloquial speech. At the same time, the words mabodo, bordi-yu emphasize that the action-state in the context of the condition is far from probable, more typical of bookish speech. The word "magar" is outdated and bookish.” [2, 30]. At the same time, these auxiliary words have the same meaning as the suffix -sa. Their difference from -sa is as follows. First, if -sa is neutral to the condition term and expresses this term in a convenient context, this term is defined in auxiliary words. Secondly, -sa is the main means of expressing the conditional meaning, it is used when it is not necessary to emphasize this meaning, auxiliary words are the secondary means of expressing the conditional meaning, used when it is necessary to emphasize this meaning, i.e. connotation serves to express. Although the emphasis of the condition scheme takes place in the micro-context, it is necessary to refer to the macro-context to find out the reason for the emphasis. Therefore, in the analysis of the clarifying context for the condition meaning, the macrocontext is also included in the analysis. The clarifying context for the condition of the -sa form consists of at least three words if the verb participle is used in both parts, and four words if the noun participle is used in the first part. In the first part of the following example, the nominative participle is used, the first part consists of three words, and the second part consists of one word: Agar xafagarchilikdan bo‘lsa, bormayman... Meaning: If it's because of sadness, I won't go... (O‘. Usmonov, Girdob, 268) In the first part of the context, -sa expressed the conditional meaning using the convenient tool. Emphasis and the content of the second part served as a convenient tool. Along with the theme of the condition, the theme of the present time appeared. The dictionary meaning of the word (sadness), which is the basis of the nominative participle, facilitated the manifestation of this theme. Since the context is neutral due to the syntactic feature of -sa, it also performed the function of conjunction. The word if served to strengthen the condition. Even if this word is omitted, the conditional is expressed and not strengthened. It is necessary to refer to the macro-context to find out the reason for the reinforced expression of the condition scheme. From the previous sentences, it becomes clear that the speaker is Shorasul, an employee of the Cotton Institute, and the listener is his colleague Aziz. Disappointments happen both in Aziz's work at the institute and in his family life. He wants to drink to get rid of depression and says to Shorasul, “bir otamlashsakchi, a” (let's begin a party). Shorasul is aware of Aziz's work situation and family problems. That's why he was afraid that Aziz would start a fight by drinking and said to him: Xursandlikdanmi yoki xafalikdanmi? Agar xafagarchilikdan bo‘lsa, bormayman... Meaning: From happiness or sadness? If it's because of sadness, I won't go... answered. Keltirilgan mikrokontekstda shart semasini kuchaytirish uchun agar so‘zining qo‘llanishi sababi shunda. 263 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us In the clarifying context for the conditional meaning of the -sa form, the words mabodo, bordi-yu, basharti, magar can be used together with the suffix -sa to emphasize this meaning. The first part of the following microcontext consists of two words, the second part consists of one word, and the word mabodo is used in the first part: Mabodo kelsa, aytarsiz. (O‘. Usmonov, Girdob, 254) This example is a convenient and clarifying context for the conditional theme of the -sa form. The auxiliary word mabodo served to emphasize the condition. Two auxiliary words can be used to strengthen this meaning in the clarifying context for the conditional meaning of the -sa form with the requirement of the speech purpose: Mabodo, bordi-yu, tillari ham, urf-odatlari ham boshqacha-boshqacha bo‘lsa, u holda dasturxonda odamning jonidan boshqa narsani topishga umidvor bo‘lsangiz bo‘laveradi. (Shoyim Bo‘tayev, Qo‘rg‘onlangan oy, 162) This example is both a convenient and a clarifying context for the conditional schema of the -sa form and consists of two parts. Emphasis on the manifestation of this theme and the content of the second part (result related to the condition) made it easier. The suffix -sa together with the condition expresses the present tense, or rather the general tense. The general content of the context facilitated the expression of this theme. Mabodo, bordi-yu auxiliary words served to strengthen the condition. It is necessary to refer to the macro-context to find out the reason why this theme is reinforced by two words. From the previous sentences, it becomes clear that the reason for the strengthening of the condition in this example with two auxiliary words is that the average person shows special respect to a guest who is not like himself, especially a guest whose language and customs are different. It should also be said that in the sentence preceding the given example, the form -sa also expressed the condition. But since it is not intended to emphasize this theme, the auxiliary word is not used. CONCLUSION In the Uzbek literary language, the conditional sema is the forms of the conditional-desire suffix -sa, -gan, -yinga, -adigan, -ganda and agar, mabodo, bordi-yu, basharti, magar. There is a semantic similarity between these words and adverbs expressed by means of auxiliary words. According to the nature of the condition scheme of the -sa form, it appears in a convenient context, and according to its size, it appears in a micro-context (following clause). The -sa form can also be used in a clarifying context when expressing a condition. In this context, the condition is strengthened and emphasized. For this purpose, the auxiliary words agar, mabodo, basharti, bordi-yu, magar are used in the sentence together with -sa, which strengthen the condition. These auxiliary words have the meaning of the suffix -sa. The difference is that the -sa form is the main means of expressing the condition and is used when it is not necessary to emphasize this condition, and the auxiliary words are the secondary means of expressing the condition and are used when it is necessary to emphasize this condition, serves to express the connotation. REFERENCES: 1. Hozirgi zamon o‘zbek tili. ‒ Toshkent: O‘zbekiston SSR Fanlar akademiyasi nashriyoti, 1957. ‒ 527 b. 2. O‘zbek tili sinonimlarining katta izohli lug‘ati. Nizomiddin Mahmudov tahriri ostida. Ikki jildli. Birinchi jild. ‒ Toshkent, G‘afur G‘ulom, 2022. ‒ 504 b.