265 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 02, Issue 12, 2024 ISSN (E): 2993-2769 Characteristics of Forming a Safety Culture within the Framework of Safety Psychology Saliyeva Dilorom Abdullayevna Kokan State Pedagogical Institute, Department of "Psychology" ps. Ph.D., associate professor Abstract. The article analyzes the aspects of safety psychology related to ensuring the safe existence and development of human life, activity, and overcoming threats. Key words: safety culture, psychological safety, megahazard, megathreat, extreme situation, overcoming threats, life safety. In recent years, the field of psychology of security psychology, which deals specifically with these issues, has begun to develop, due to the increase in threats to human social and biological existence, humanity's entry into the era of "mega-risks" and "mega-threats". Within the framework of this science, security is studied as a genetically inherent property of each object (immunity, self- preservation instinct, body defense, etc.). At the same time, it should be noted separately that many threats are created by the person himself, their emergence is the result of human activity. By the end of the last century, the semantic meaning of the term "Psychological security" began to expand, including the understanding of the individual as a special value, a holistic device capable of regulating and organizing his own life path, and at the same time began to be studied not only as a subject of security, but also as a subject of life. Security is considered as a factor that mobilizes a person's psychic resources in extreme situations, in conditions of uncertainty and instability. The following parameters are considered the main conditions for psychological safety: quality of life, mental balance and development, confidence in the future, resilience, etc. For the psychological safety of a person, the following requirements are imposed on the society in which he lives: ➢ the opportunity to live in conditions safe for health; ➢ the availability of effective medical care; ➢ the creation of real opportunities to satisfy the natural and social needs of citizens; the presence of foundations for confidence in the future; ➢ a state of society that does not violate the integrity of social entities, the coordination of their activities and development; ➢ conditions in which a person feels protected. Currently, many researchers note the relevance of modern society as a society of risks and disasters. The need for security is urgent, its importance is increasing, and society's attention to the potential of threats is increasing. One of the main objects of attention in security psychology is risk as an integral characteristic of technological development, as well as subjective risk associated with its perception and assessment. The perception of risk in society is becoming a generalized idea, which leads to the 266 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us development of security psychology as a multifunctional knowledge. Individual and group security is achieved through scientifically based decisions made by individual and collective active subjects. Such decisions become the result of the subject's choice and assessment. This, on the one hand, explains the well-known thesis about the absence of absolute security, and at the same time indicates the existence of social foundations for the process of ensuring psychological security that can be reasonably achieved. In times of danger, it is important to make the right and justified decisions and intensify activities to eliminate threats. The only factor that prevents people from succeeding and strengthening their strength in overcoming difficulties and threats is fear, which paralyzes the will and human actions. Creative activity to overcome threats is aimed at internalizing threats, perceiving them and assessing them. The construction of psychological security by an individual is based on traditions, stereotypes, the tendency to adapt to the environment, his own mental stability and resilience. Indifference and indifference to threats and violence prevent us from living safely in the modern world. American researcher E. Wiesel, showing the danger of indifference to hatred, feelings, suffering, says: "Indifference is not a reaction. Indifference is not even the beginning, but the end. Therefore, indifference is always the enemy's friend, because it is in the hands of the aggressor and is never useful to the victim, and his pain only intensifies because he feels forgotten." People's pain, their response to threats to their subjective picture of the world, their attitude to the mental trauma they receive as a result of extreme situations, correspond to social expectations and the tasks of managing social phenomena in extreme conditions. In the modern world, security and the safe existence of a person are increasing. The social instability of society requires a new look at the world and the place of a person in it. These conditions force scientists to look for new ways to understand and solve the problems of the old worldview, therefore the vector of psychological knowledge is social reality related to preventing threats to everyday life, ensuring personal and public safety. The task of survival has always been one of the most important problems facing people, both at the genetic and social levels. The need for security accompanies a person throughout his life, therefore, the skills and abilities to ensure security are a very important social experience for a person, an indicator of the development of any society, and indicate its value orientations. The desire for security, the need for it, ideas about this phenomenon are a powerful stimulator of social change and the main feature of the mass consciousness, testifying to the quality of life of society. The combination of methodological approaches and methods of scientific research of security problems is considered the most promising in modern conditions, studying them from different perspectives. The study of the phenomenon of security from a psychological perspective is of particular importance in times of crisis social changes, in terms of political, economic, social and psychological contradictions that regularly flare up in a particular country or region. Recently, with the complexity of social activity, new types of threats are increasing, and with the expansion of the types and scope of threats and their possible consequences, the level of public safety is decreasing. Based on these requirements, a new direction of the concept of safety culture is being formed. Safety culture is a certain level of development of the individual and society, characterized by the importance of the task of ensuring life safety in the system of personal and social values, the prevalence of stereotypes of safe behavior in everyday life and conditions, the degree of protection from dangerous and emergency situations, threats and dangers in all spheres of life. 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